Berättelser och historier har sedan urminnes tider förtrollat och fängslat människor. Förr itiden samlades människor runt lägerelden för att ta del av berättelser, idag samlasmänniskor runt varumärken. Det förflutna, nuet och framtiden binds samman till ettsammanhängande process genom historier, istället för att vara lösryckta delar av ettsammanhang.Uppsatsens syfte var att undersöka varför storytelling inom marknadsföring är såframgångsrikt hos konsumenten. Vi ville få en förståelse över vad som fårkonsumenten att uppskatta denna sortens reklamform. Vår problemfråga ochutgångspunkt genom uppsatsen har varit:· Varför är storytelling i marknadsföring så framgångsrikt hos konsumenter?För att klarlägga begreppet ur flera synvinklar har vi varit i kontakt med konsumenter ifrom av fokusgrupper samt med experter inom storytelling och självaste reklambranschen.Vi har valt dessa tre intressegrupper för att få olika perspektiv urkonsumentens synvinkel. Vår ambition med denna uppsats har varit att utveckla ettförståligt ramverk kring begreppet storytelling inom marknadsföring. Till följd där av fåen förståelse vad som gör den så framgångsrik i konsumenters ögon. Svaret på vårproblemfråga blev då enkel:Relationen, identitet och uppmärksamheten är de tre faktorer som gör så att konsumententar till sig reklamen på ett djupare plan, och som gör storytelling så framgångsrikt hoskonsumenter. Människor vill tro på historier, storytelling skapar ett intressant grepp omvarumärkes kommunikationen och kan ge konsumenten något att drömma om. Idag finnsstorytelling överallt i dagens samhälle och kultur. Det är något vi utsätts för genom helalivet. De finns i vår musik, böcker, filmer, media, religion, arkitektur med mera. Depåverkar oss på många sätt, vissa är uppenbara så som religion och lagar, andra som ärdolda är propaganda och reklam.

Cool giant and supergiant stars are among the largest and most luminous stars in the Universe and, therefore, dominate the integrated light of their host galaxies. These stars were extensively studied during last few decades, however their relevant properties like photometric variability and mass loss are still poorly constrained. Understanding of these properties is crucial in the context of a broad range of astrophysical questions including chemical enrichment of the Universe, supernova progenitors, and the extragalactic distance scale. Atmospheres of giant and supergiant stars are characterized by complex dynamics due to different interacting processes, such as convection, pulsation, formation of molecules and dust, and the development of mass loss. Current 1D/3D dynamical model atmospeheres are able to simulate these processes and produce a good agreement with the observed spectral features of evolved stars. However, the models lack constraints and need to be confronted to observables. Dynamical processes in stellar atmospheres impact the formation of spectral lines producing their asymmetries and Doppler shifts. Thus, by studying the line-profile variations on spatial and temporal scales it is possible to reconstruct atmospheric motions in evolved stars. As will be shown in this thesis, a tomographic method is an ideal technique for this purpose. The tomographic method is based on construction and cross-correlation of spectral templates (masks) with observed or synthetic stellar spectra in order to recover velocity fields at different optical depths in the stellar atmosphere.The first part of the thesis further improves the original implementation of the tomographic method. This improvement involves the computation of the contribution function in order to correctly determine an optical depth of formation of spectral lines. The tomographic method is, then, fully validated by applying it to a stellar convection simulation of a red supergiant star and correctly recovering its velocity field throughout the atmosphere. The second part of the thesis applies the tomographic method to the red supergiant star μ Cep in order to constrain its atmospheric motions and relate them to photometric variability. A phase lag (hysteresis) between the effective temperature and the radial velocity variations is revealed with timescales of a few hundred days, similar to photometric ones. A comparison to a stellar convection simulation of a red supergiant star indicates that hysteresis loops are linked to the stochastic shocks generated and shaped by the underlying large-scale convection and may be responsible for photometric variations in μ Cep. The third part of the thesis applies the tomographic method to spectro-interferometric observations of the Mira-type star S Ori. The uniform-disk angular diameters measured at wavelengths contributing to the tomographic masks increase with decrease of an optical depth probed by the masks. This validates the capability of the tomographic method to probe distinct geometrical depths in the stellar atmosphere. The last part of the thesis applies the tomograhic method to the Mira-type star RY Cep and compares the results to those obtained for μ Cep in this thesis. The comparison reveals differences in their behavior in the temperature-velocity plane pointing to the posibility to differentiate between Mira-type and red supergiant stars from their spectroscopic signatures. / Doctorat en Sciences / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Esse trabalho pretende contribuir para a compreensão do papel desempenhado pela justiça comum no contexto das políticas de saúde do município de São Paulo. Para tanto, ele propõe-se a estudar o processo de utilização do Tribunal de Justiça de São Paulo para garantia do direito à saúde e identificar os mecanismos institucionais que permitem que este processo ocorra. Realizou-se um levantamento das decisões proferidas por tal Tribunal em ações que questionavam políticas municipais de saúde e, posteriormente, analisou-se tais decisões com o objetivo de mapear os padrões de resposta que o Poder Judiciário tem dado a tais demandas. Finalmente, também buscou-se investigar em que medida tais respostas exercem influência sobre políticas de saúde do Poder Executivo e identificar quais foram as formas de acionamento e os atores envolvidos. A pesquisa teve como resultado a delineação de certas especificidades do processo de questionamento de políticas de saúde no Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo, tais como a predominância de ações individuais, o alto índice de condenações do Poder Executivo, a significativa utilização de assistência jurídica gratuita e os efeitos das condenações nas políticas de saúde, tanto na forma de alterações substantivas em seu conteúdo, como na de acordos institucionais firmados entre os atores demandantes e o Poder Executivo. / This research aims at understanding the role played by the common courts in the context of health policy in São Paulo. Therefore, it is proposed to study the process of using the São Paulo State Court of Justice to guarantee the right to health and identify institutional mechanisms that allow this process to occur. We accomplished a survey of this Court decisions in lawsuits that contestate municipal health policies, and then examined such decisions in order to map the patterns of response that the judiciary has given to such demands. Finally, we also sought to investigate to what extent such responses influence on executive branch health policies and to identify what were the ways of demanding and the actors involved. The research resulted in a delineation of certain specific characteristics of health policy contestation at the São Paulo State Court, such as the predominance of individual lawsuits, the high rate of the executive branch convictions, the significant use of free legal assistance and the effects of conviction in health policies, both as substantive changes in its content, as institutional arrangements between the actors applicants and the Executive.

by Chan Kam Hung, Chan Wai Loi. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 146). / ABSTRACT --- p.iii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.v / LIST OF TABLES --- p.viii / LIST OF CHARTS --- p.ix / Chapter / Chapter I --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter II --- METHODOLOGY --- p.3 / Chapter III --- COMPETITIVE PROFILE REPORT --- p.5 / HANG SENG BANK --- p.5 / Products and services offered by HSB --- p.7 / STANDARD CHARTERED BANK --- p.12 / Products and services offered by SCB --- p.13 / CHEKIANG FIRST BANK --- p.18 / CONCLUSION --- p.20 / Chapter IV --- MARKET PROFILE REPORT --- p.21 / BANKING INDUSTRY IN HONG KONG --- p.21 / MARKET STRUCTURE --- p.22 / PRODUCT CLASSES IN BANKING INDUSTRY --- p.22 / TECHNOLOGY TREND --- p.23 / ECONOMIC GROWTH AND TREND --- p.25 / MARKET SIZE --- p.29 / FACTORS AFFECTING DEMAND --- p.31 / POLITICAL FACTORS --- p.31 / CONCLUSION --- p.32 / Chapter V --- CUSTOMER PROFILE REPORT --- p.34 / RESULTS OF THE SURVEY --- p.35 / CONCLUSION --- p.41 / Chapter VI --- PRODUCT PROFILE REPORT --- p.42 / CONCLUSION --- p.47 / Chapter VII --- COMPANY PROFILE REPORT --- p.48 / STRENGTHS --- p.49 / WEAKNESSES --- p.50 / CONCLUSION --- p.51 / Chapter VIII --- MARKET SEGMENTATION AND TARGET SEGMENTS --- p.53 / MARKET SEGMENTATION --- p.53 / TARGET SEGMENTS --- p.55 / Chapter IX --- MARKET OBJECTIVES --- p.64 / EXPAND THE CUSTOMER BASE AND INCREASE REVENUE --- p.64 / ESTABLISH A GOOD COMPANY IMAGE --- p.65 / "PRODUCT OBJECTIVES & STRATEGY," --- p.66 / Product objectives --- p.66 / Product strategy --- p.68 / SERVICES OBJECTIVES & STRATEGY --- p.72 / Services objectives --- p.72 / Services strategy --- p.74 / PRICE OBJECTIVES & STRATEGY --- p.77 / Price objectives --- p.77 / Price strategy --- p.77 / COMMUNICATIONS OBJECTIVES & STRATEGY --- p.78 / Communications objectives --- p.78 / Communications strategy --- p.80 / SALES FORCE OBJECTIVES & STRATEGY --- p.83 / Sales force objectives --- p.83 / Sales force strategy --- p.84 / DISTRIBUTION OBJECTIVES & STRATEGY --- p.84 / Distribution objectives --- p.84 / Distribution strategy --- p.85 / Chapter X --- TACTICAL ACTION PLAN --- p.87 / Chapter XI --- CONTROL/MONITORING MEASURING EFFECTS --- p.89 / Chapter XII --- BUDGET --- p.103 / Chapter XIII --- CONCLUSION --- p.116 / APPENDIX I DR. C. F. STEILEN'S MARKETING MODEL --- p.118 / APPENDIX II QUESTIONNAIRE AND SUMMARY ON THE RESPONSES …… --- p.120 / APPENDIX III ANALYSIS OF RESPONSES BY SEGMENTATION OF PROFESSIONAL AND NON-PROFESSIONAL --- p.132 / APPENDIX IV PRELIMINARY FEEDBACK FROM CSSB --- p.142 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.146

A very wide-ranging subgroup of vehicle routing problems from the graph theory is a common and frequent problem handled daily by transport companies, airline businesses, hi-tech companies with planning drilling of printed circuits boards or other companies from different industries. During numerous previous researches of these problems a lot of analyses were made and many solutions proposed -- of which an outline is in this paper. Some of them giving better or worse results in longer or shorter computing time. In spite of the fact that the processors and new technologies performance is increasing, with some algorithms we cannon compute the result in a reasonable time. That is why this paper is asking a question, if there can be found a fitting algorithm which could be applied on different and faster processing unit structures so it could be ensured a multiple computing speed increase so far. The analysis was carried out using computer experiments on a new build and implemented branch and bound algorithm with a matrix rate reduction.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Como se constrÃi socialmente um deputado estadual? Este trabalho discute o processo de formaÃÃo sÃcio-histÃrica de 1 (um) deputado estadual da 27 Legislatura (2007-2010) no Cearà atravÃs do relato biogrÃfico, da anÃlise documental e da observaÃÃo direta do trabalho desse parlamentar, a fim de compreender como se deu o seu aprendizado polÃtico. Quais sÃo as influÃncias sociais que o posicionaram no campo polÃtico e como essas influÃncias se manifestam em suas aÃÃes polÃticas? Essas sÃo as principais perguntas a que busco responder nesta pesquisa. As bases desse trabalho estÃo na descriÃÃo e anÃlise das disposiÃÃes adquiridas pelo pesquisado em sua trajetÃria de socializaÃÃo. Portanto, essa pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar os mecanismos de formaÃÃo do habitus polÃtico e da relaÃÃo do binÃmio indivÃduo/sociedade. / How is socially constructed a state deputy?This study discusses the process of social formation of a state deputy of the 27th Legislature (2007-2010) in Cearà through biographic account, documental analysis and direct observation of the work of parliamentary to understand how he gave his political apprenticeship. What are the social influences that have positioned in the political field and how these influences manifested themselves in his political actions?These are the principal questions i seek to answer in this research. The groundwork of this study are the description and analysis of the provisions acquired by the researching in his trajectory as socialization. Therefore, this research intends to analyze the mechanisms of formation of the habitus and political relationship of the binomial individual / society.

O estimador de estado (EE) foi originalmente desenvolvido para lidar com sistemas de transmissão (ST). Desta maneira, sua aplicação em sistemas de distribuição (SD) exige que os métodos clássicos sejam repensados. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os métodos disponíveis na literatura para a estimação de estado em SD e explorar a fundo um método escolhido. A abordagem escolhida foi a que utiliza as correntes complexas nos ramos como variáveis de estado. Tal abordagem visa tirar proveito das características específicas dos SD, e apresenta um desempenho computacional superior se comparado a soluções que utilizam as tensões como variáveis de estado. Entretanto, tal método ainda se encontra pouco explorado na literatura, de modo que diversas limitações foram identificadas. A principal limitação encontrada foi no que tange à presença de transformadores no sistema, que foi negligenciada nos trabalhos encontrados na literatura. De modo a aumentar a confiabilidade da estimação, além das correntes em todos os ramos, foi considerada a possibilidade de se incluir no vetor de estado variáveis referentes à tensão na subestação (SE). Na presença de transformadores, tal expansão no vetor de estados gerou um acoplamento do modelo matemático. Neste trabalho, foram propostas soluções para lidar com diferentes conexões de transformadores utilizando o estimador com base nas correntes mantendo uma de suas principais características, que é o desacoplamento entre fases. Na ocasião da estimação da tensão na SE, um método de combinação ótima de variáveis de estado foi proposto de modo a contornar o acoplamento gerado no modelo matemático. Sistemas teste do IEEE foram utilizados para avaliar o desempenho do algoritmo implementado. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que a metodologia escolhida foi capaz de estimar o estado do SD com precisão adequada na presença de diferentes tipos de medidas e topologias. Os modelos propostos neste trabalho se mostraram eficazes na incorporação de transformadores com diferentes conexões na formulação do EE. Por fim, o método proposto para lidar com a estimação da tensão na SE de maneira desacoplada na presença de transformadores foi validado e se mostrou mais eficiente computacionalmente quando comparado ao seu análogo acoplado. / The state estimator (SE) was originally developed to deal with transmission networks (TN). Hence, its application in distribution networks (DN) requires the classical methods to be modified. The main aim of this work was to evaluate the methods available in the literature for state estimation in DN and to explore in depth a chosen method. The chosen approach was the one that uses the complex branch currents as state variables. This approach aims to take advantage of the specific characteristics of DN, and presents a superior computational performance when compared to solutions that use voltages as state variables. However, this method is still little explored in the literature, so that several limitations have been identified. The main limitation was in terms of the presence of transformers in the system, which was neglected in the papers found in the literature. In order to increase the reliability of the estimation, in addition to the branch currents, it was considered the posibility of including the substation voltage variables in the state vector. In the presence of transformers, such expansion in the state vector generated a coupled mathematical model. In this work, solutions were proposed to deal with different transformer connections using the branch current SE while keeping one of its main characteristics, that is the decoupling between phases. When the substation voltage is being estimated, an optimal combination of state variables was proposed in order to circumvent the coupling in the mathematical model. IEEE test systems were used to evaluate the performance of the implemented algorithm. The results showed that the chosen methodology was able to estimate the DN state with adequate accuracy in the presence of different types of measurements and topologies. The models proposed in this work proved to be effective in the incorporation of transformers with different connections in the SE formulation. Finally, the proposed method to decouple the branch current SE when dealing with substation voltage estimation in the presence of transformers was validated and proved to be computationally more efficient when compared to its coupled version.

Atherosclerosis is a term coined to describe a state in which arterial wall thickens due to the accumulation of fatty materials like cholesterol. Though not completely understood, it is believed to occur due to the accumulation of macrophage white blood cells and promoted by low density lipoprotein. Increase in accumulation of plaque leads to enlargement of arteries as arterial wall tries to remodel itself. But eventually the plaque ruptures, letting out its inner content to blood stream. The ruptured plaque clots and heals and shrinks down as well but leaves behind stenosis - narrowing of cross section. Depending on the degree of stenosis blood supply from the artery to its respective organ could decrease and even get blocked completely. Frequently, as the vulnerable plaques rupture, thrombus formed as such could flow through bloodstream towards smaller vessels and block them, leading to a sudden death of tissues fed by that vessel. If the plaques do not rupture and artery gets enlarged to a great extent then it results in an aneurysm. Such blockage of coronary arteries in heart can lead to myocardial infarction - heart attack, in carotid arteries in brain can lead to what is called a stroke, in peripheral arteries in legs can lead to ulcers, gangrene (death of tissue) and hence loss of leg, in renal arteries can lead to kidney malfunction. The most disturbing fact about atherosclerosis is the inability to detect the disease in preliminary stages. As stated by Miller (2001), most of the times coronary artery disease (CAD) gets diagnosed only after 50-75 percent occlusion of arteries.

In this thesis, we study the Euclidean Steiner tree problem (ESTP) which arises in the field of combinatorial optimization. The ESTP asks for a network of minimal total edge length spanning a set of given terminal points in Rd with the ability to add auxiliary connecting points (Steiner points) to decrease the overall length of the network. The graph theory literature contains extensive studies of exact, approximation, and heuristic algorithms for ESTP in the plane, but less is known in higher dimensions. The contributions of this thesis include a heuristic algorithm and enhancements to an exact algorithm for solving the ESTP. We present a local search heuristic for the ESTP in Rd for d ≥ 2. The algorithm utilizes the Delaunay triangulation to generate candidate Steiner points for insertion, the minimum spanning tree to create a network on the inserted points, and second order cone programming to optimize the locations of Steiner points. Unlike other ESTP heuristics relying on the Delaunay triangulation, the algorithm inserts Steiner points probabilistically into Delaunay triangles to achieve different subtrees on subsets of terminal points. The algorithm extends effectively into higher dimensions, and we present computational results on benchmark test problems in Rd for 2 ≤ d ≤ 5. We develop new geometric conditions derived from properties of Steiner trees which bound below the number of Steiner points on paths between terminals in the Steiner minimal tree. We describe conditions for trees with a Steiner topology and show how these conditions relate to the Voronoi diagram. We describe more restrictive conditions for trees with a full Steiner topology and their implementation into the algorithm of Smith (1992). We present computational results on benchmark test problems in Rd for 2 ≤ d ≤ 5.

The objective of this research was to examine bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) habitat use in the Indian River Lagoon (IRL) based on monthly relocation of photo-identified individuals, prey availability and environmental factors from 2003-2015. We focused on the variation of spatial and temporal abiotic and biotic factors and their influence on bottlenose dolphin habitat use patterns. Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute (HBOI) conducted monthly photo-identification surveys along the length of the IRL and GPS locations of photographed dolphins were collected at the time of surveying. Stratified random samples of prey and environmental variables were collected monthly by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) as part of the Fisheries-Independent Monitoring (FIM) program. Kernel density estimation was used to determine the magnitude-per-unit area of dolphins across a continuous raster surface of the IRL by wet and dry seasons each year, the values of which were used as a response variable in Classification and regression tree (CART) analyses with FIM fish community and environmental factors as predictors. Understanding how dolphins respond to environmental factors over time in the IRL could be used to predict future responses in estuaries and prioritize conservation and restoration actions. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.S.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2019. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection