In this work, the circuit implementation of the front-end for Frequency Domain (FD) Sampling Receiver is presented. Shooting for two different applications, two transconductance amplifiers are designed. A high linear transconductance amplifier with 25 dBm IIP3 is proposed to form the high resolution and high sampling rate FD receiver. The whole system achieves an overall sampling rate of 2 Gs/s and resolution of 10 bits. Another low noise transconductance amplifier exploiting noise cancelling is designed to build up the FD wireless communication receiver, which is an excellent candidate for Software Define Radio (SDR) and Cognitve Radio (CR). The proposed noise cancelling scheme can suppress both thermal noise and flicker noise at the frontend. The system Noise Figure (NF) is improved by 3.28 dB. The two transconductance amplifiers are simulated and fabricated with TI 45nm CMOS technology.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-07-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:02:37Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 risso_acmcr_me_botfm.pdf: 474997 bytes, checksum: 964855ea304f1597b90342ac897f88ad (MD5) / Hospital Das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu / Secretaria de Saúde do Estado de São Paulo / A hospitalização é uma experiência complexa e pode apresentar-se como agradável ou não, sendo agravada no caso de necessidade de intervenção cirúrgica, principalmente quando o paciente é criança. Na prática, observa-se todo um movimento de reorganização pessoal do paciente e de seus familiares para enfrentar esse momento. Quando a cirurgia é suspensa, o paciente e seus familiares estão sujeitos a um desconforto maior, que pode gerar sentimentos de insegurança, angústia e ansiedade. Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar e descrever a percepção de quinze mães e/ou responsáveis por crianças de 0 a 18 anos, internadas num hospital de ensino do interior do Estado de São Paulo, após receberem a notícia de que a cirurgia de seu filho (a) seria suspensa. Foi um estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, que utilizou o referencial teórico da Comunicação Interpessoal e o referencial metodológico da Análise de Conteúdo. Os resultados evidenciaram que as suspensões de cirurgias pediátricas são um fato presente na instituição, que trazem repercussões ao paciente e seus familiares e à organização institucional; que a comunicação entre profissionais da equipe de saúde, pacientes e familiares sobre procedimentos a serem realizados ou não, é inadequada; que a atuação da enfermagem no momento da notícia da suspensão da cirurgia precisa ser pontual e efetiva. / Hospitalization is a complex experience which may or may not be agreeable; this can be made worse if surgical intervention is required, especially when the patient is a child. In practice a personal struggle can be seen in the patient and family to brave this moment. When surgery is suspended, the patient and family are subjected to a stronger discomfort, which can cause feelings of insecurity, distress, and anxiety. The objective of this study was to identify and describe the perceptions of fifteen mothers or guardians of children between 0 and 18 years old admitted in a teaching hospital in the interior of São Paulo State Brazil, after receiving news that surgery for their child was suspended. This was a descriptive qualitative study which used Interpersonal Communication as theoretical reference and Analysis of Content as the methodology. Results showed that suspension of pediatric surgery in our institution causes repercussions to patients, their families, and institution organisation; that communication between health team professionals, patients and families about procedures to be performed or not performed, is inadequate; and that nursing action at the moment when news of surgery suspension is given must be prompt and effective.

Orientador: Eliana Mara Braga / Banca: Maria Alice Ornellas Pereira / Banca: Lígia Gomes Fahl / Resumo: A hospitalização é uma experiência complexa e pode apresentar-se como agradável ou não, sendo agravada no caso de necessidade de intervenção cirúrgica, principalmente quando o paciente é criança. Na prática, observa-se todo um movimento de reorganização pessoal do paciente e de seus familiares para enfrentar esse momento. Quando a cirurgia é suspensa, o paciente e seus familiares estão sujeitos a um desconforto maior, que pode gerar sentimentos de insegurança, angústia e ansiedade. Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar e descrever a percepção de quinze mães e/ou responsáveis por crianças de 0 a 18 anos, internadas num hospital de ensino do interior do Estado de São Paulo, após receberem a notícia de que a cirurgia de seu filho (a) seria suspensa. Foi um estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, que utilizou o referencial teórico da Comunicação Interpessoal e o referencial metodológico da Análise de Conteúdo. Os resultados evidenciaram que as suspensões de cirurgias pediátricas são um fato presente na instituição, que trazem repercussões ao paciente e seus familiares e à organização institucional; que a comunicação entre profissionais da equipe de saúde, pacientes e familiares sobre procedimentos a serem realizados ou não, é inadequada; que a atuação da enfermagem no momento da notícia da suspensão da cirurgia precisa ser pontual e efetiva. / Abstract: Hospitalization is a complex experience which may or may not be agreeable; this can be made worse if surgical intervention is required, especially when the patient is a child. In practice a personal struggle can be seen in the patient and family to brave this moment. When surgery is suspended, the patient and family are subjected to a stronger discomfort, which can cause feelings of insecurity, distress, and anxiety. The objective of this study was to identify and describe the perceptions of fifteen mothers or guardians of children between 0 and 18 years old admitted in a teaching hospital in the interior of São Paulo State Brazil, after receiving news that surgery for their child was suspended. This was a descriptive qualitative study which used Interpersonal Communication as theoretical reference and Analysis of Content as the methodology. Results showed that suspension of pediatric surgery in our institution causes repercussions to patients, their families, and institution organisation; that communication between health team professionals, patients and families about procedures to be performed or not performed, is inadequate; and that nursing action at the moment when news of surgery suspension is given must be prompt and effective. / Mestre

This thesis presents methods for modeling the pattern of large axisymmetric paraboloidal focus-fed reflector antenna systems. The intended application of these methods is to improve the performance of time-domain interference canceling (TDC) in radio astronomy. The first method yields a closed-form expression for the antenna pattern with parameters accounting for the focal ratio and feed pattern. In subsequent adaptive methods, parameters of this model are calculated using measurements of interference signals. The corrected pattern model improves the prediction of the change in the true pattern for future times. The methods are compared by (1) comparing the error in the pattern model with respect to the true pattern and (2) comparing the pattern value update period required to achieve a specified level of residual interference when used in TDC. The efficacy of the pattern modeling methods is demonstrated by showing that the error in the pattern model decreases and the pattern value needs to be updated at a much slower rate for effective TDC. / Master of Science / Radio astronomy is the study of astronomical objects at radio frequencies. Radio telescopes, employing large reflector antennas, are often used to detect and measure extremely weak signals received from distant astronomical bodies. A growing problem for radio astronomy is that human-made communication satellites, orbiting around the earth, interfere with the radio signals. A satellite traversing the antenna pattern interferes with the signal of interest and contaminates it. Presently, this interference is managed by scheduling (avoidance) or by deleting the afflicted data. However, satellite interference is expected to become worse in the future with the increase in the number of satellites in orbit. Therefore, it will become increasingly difficult to avoid the interference by scheduling observations, and there may be too much afflicted data to delete. Hence, more sophisticated techniques may soon be required. One possible method for interference mitigation is Time Domain Canceling (TDC), which is the method addressed in this thesis. This method involves generating an estimate of the interference signal from the interfering satellite. This estimated interference signal is then subtracted from the measured signal contaminated with the interference signal. Ideally, this process should completely remove the interference while preserving the signal of interest and the noise (important in radio astronomy). To improve the accuracy of estimation of the interference signal, we require precise knowledge of the antenna pattern because the interference signal is seen through the antenna pattern. However, the pattern for large reflector antennas employed in radio telescopes is not precisely known and is often difficult to measure or analyze. In this work, we address this problem of lack of pattern knowledge by developing methods for modeling the pattern of large axisymmetric paraboloidal focus-fed reflector antenna systems. We have shown that the pattern model can be significantly improved using measurements of the interference signal in real time. We have also demonstrated that the performance of TDC improves with the incorporation of the developed pattern models.

Misophonia is a sensory disorder where specific stimuli, usually auditory, trigger the fight-flight-freeze response, causing extreme reactions, typically anger, panic, or anxiety. Research into treatment for misophonia is limited, primarily consisting of case studies applying common methods of therapy. However, research into similar disorders like tinnitus shows that there are many avenues of treatment that should be investigated, including audiological treatment. To apply audiological treatment to misophonia, selective noise cancelling must be used to control specific trigger sounds. In this research, a basic selective noise cancelling algorithm was developed using a convolutional neural network and was evaluated using a survey. Participants rated their reaction to trigger sounds, non-trigger sounds, and trigger sounds that had been selectively cancelled. The misophonic reactions to selectively cancelled sounds were significantly less than to trigger sounds. This shows that selective noise cancelling could be used to apply audiological treatments to misophonia.

Este trabalho tem dois propósitos principais. O primeiro compreende o estudo de um equipamento transceptor para viabilizar a transmissão digital de dados duplex a dois fins na malha telefônica comercial instalada. Um estudo inicial da linha de assinante e dos principais métodos de transmissão duplex e realizado. O método de cancelamento de eco e sugerido por conferir ao transceptor melhor desempenho. O transceptor tem a sua estrutura abordada e definida. Além do cancelador, todos os demais circuitos, julgados pelo autor como importantes, são analisados. Dentre os principais estão o codificador 2B1Q, os equalizadores adaptativos e a referencia adaptativa. O segundo propósito compreende o estudo de uma arquitetura capaz de implementar o cancelador do transceptor e sua especificação e simulação. Inicialmente, junto a proposta do equipamento, tipos de canceladores, formas de cancelamento e demais características relacionadas são abordadas. O algoritmo utilizado para a adaptação dos coeficientes e exposto, e, através de simulações, validado. Os problemas decorrentes do use de palavra finita em sistemas digitais sac. considerados. Os procedimentos da operação de cancelamento são especificados e as tarefas distribuídas. Após, finalizando este trabalho, propõe-se a parte operativa, composta por dois processadores, por um banco de registradores e por uma interface de entrada e saída. A arquitetura e descrita em linguagem HDC de descrição de hardware e apos simulada funcionalmente para validação das funções pretendidas. A parte de controle, parcialmente descrita também em HDC, tem algumas características comentadas . / This work has two main goals. The first one is the study of a transceiver equipment to allow two-wire duplex data digital transmission over the existing telephonic network. An initial study of the subscriber line and of the main duplex transmission methods is done. The echo cancellation method is suggested since higher performance transceiver may be obtained. The structure of the transceiver is considered and defined. Besides the echo canceller, all the others circuits deemed important by the author are analysed. The second goal comprehends the study of an architecture capable of implementing the transceiver echo canceller, and its specification and simulation. Initially, gearing to the equipment proposal, the type of cancellers, ways of cancelling and other related characteristics are approached. The algorithm used for the adaptation of coefficients is exposed and validated through simulations. The problems due to the use of finite word length in digital systems are considered. The cancelling operation procedures are specified and the different tasks are distributed. Finally, at the end of this work, the data path, composed of two processors, of a register bank and of an I/O interface, is proposed. The architecture is described in the HDC hardware description language, and later it is simulated for validation of the proposed functions. The control path, partially described in HDC also, has some of its characteristics addressed.

<p>Då avskaffandet av den lagstiftade revisionsplikten för småföretag är under utredning, är vårt syfte med denna uppsats att se vad ett avskaffande kan innebära för några utvalda intressenter.</p> / <p>The cancelling of the statutory audit for the small business is under investigation. Our aim with this study is to see what the cancelling will mean for the stakeholders we choosed.</p>

Då avskaffandet av den lagstiftade revisionsplikten för småföretag är under utredning, är vårt syfte med denna uppsats att se vad ett avskaffande kan innebära för några utvalda intressenter. / The cancelling of the statutory audit for the small business is under investigation. Our aim with this study is to see what the cancelling will mean for the stakeholders we choosed.

Este trabalho tem dois propósitos principais. O primeiro compreende o estudo de um equipamento transceptor para viabilizar a transmissão digital de dados duplex a dois fins na malha telefônica comercial instalada. Um estudo inicial da linha de assinante e dos principais métodos de transmissão duplex e realizado. O método de cancelamento de eco e sugerido por conferir ao transceptor melhor desempenho. O transceptor tem a sua estrutura abordada e definida. Além do cancelador, todos os demais circuitos, julgados pelo autor como importantes, são analisados. Dentre os principais estão o codificador 2B1Q, os equalizadores adaptativos e a referencia adaptativa. O segundo propósito compreende o estudo de uma arquitetura capaz de implementar o cancelador do transceptor e sua especificação e simulação. Inicialmente, junto a proposta do equipamento, tipos de canceladores, formas de cancelamento e demais características relacionadas são abordadas. O algoritmo utilizado para a adaptação dos coeficientes e exposto, e, através de simulações, validado. Os problemas decorrentes do use de palavra finita em sistemas digitais sac. considerados. Os procedimentos da operação de cancelamento são especificados e as tarefas distribuídas. Após, finalizando este trabalho, propõe-se a parte operativa, composta por dois processadores, por um banco de registradores e por uma interface de entrada e saída. A arquitetura e descrita em linguagem HDC de descrição de hardware e apos simulada funcionalmente para validação das funções pretendidas. A parte de controle, parcialmente descrita também em HDC, tem algumas características comentadas . / This work has two main goals. The first one is the study of a transceiver equipment to allow two-wire duplex data digital transmission over the existing telephonic network. An initial study of the subscriber line and of the main duplex transmission methods is done. The echo cancellation method is suggested since higher performance transceiver may be obtained. The structure of the transceiver is considered and defined. Besides the echo canceller, all the others circuits deemed important by the author are analysed. The second goal comprehends the study of an architecture capable of implementing the transceiver echo canceller, and its specification and simulation. Initially, gearing to the equipment proposal, the type of cancellers, ways of cancelling and other related characteristics are approached. The algorithm used for the adaptation of coefficients is exposed and validated through simulations. The problems due to the use of finite word length in digital systems are considered. The cancelling operation procedures are specified and the different tasks are distributed. Finally, at the end of this work, the data path, composed of two processors, of a register bank and of an I/O interface, is proposed. The architecture is described in the HDC hardware description language, and later it is simulated for validation of the proposed functions. The control path, partially described in HDC also, has some of its characteristics addressed.

Este trabalho tem dois propósitos principais. O primeiro compreende o estudo de um equipamento transceptor para viabilizar a transmissão digital de dados duplex a dois fins na malha telefônica comercial instalada. Um estudo inicial da linha de assinante e dos principais métodos de transmissão duplex e realizado. O método de cancelamento de eco e sugerido por conferir ao transceptor melhor desempenho. O transceptor tem a sua estrutura abordada e definida. Além do cancelador, todos os demais circuitos, julgados pelo autor como importantes, são analisados. Dentre os principais estão o codificador 2B1Q, os equalizadores adaptativos e a referencia adaptativa. O segundo propósito compreende o estudo de uma arquitetura capaz de implementar o cancelador do transceptor e sua especificação e simulação. Inicialmente, junto a proposta do equipamento, tipos de canceladores, formas de cancelamento e demais características relacionadas são abordadas. O algoritmo utilizado para a adaptação dos coeficientes e exposto, e, através de simulações, validado. Os problemas decorrentes do use de palavra finita em sistemas digitais sac. considerados. Os procedimentos da operação de cancelamento são especificados e as tarefas distribuídas. Após, finalizando este trabalho, propõe-se a parte operativa, composta por dois processadores, por um banco de registradores e por uma interface de entrada e saída. A arquitetura e descrita em linguagem HDC de descrição de hardware e apos simulada funcionalmente para validação das funções pretendidas. A parte de controle, parcialmente descrita também em HDC, tem algumas características comentadas . / This work has two main goals. The first one is the study of a transceiver equipment to allow two-wire duplex data digital transmission over the existing telephonic network. An initial study of the subscriber line and of the main duplex transmission methods is done. The echo cancellation method is suggested since higher performance transceiver may be obtained. The structure of the transceiver is considered and defined. Besides the echo canceller, all the others circuits deemed important by the author are analysed. The second goal comprehends the study of an architecture capable of implementing the transceiver echo canceller, and its specification and simulation. Initially, gearing to the equipment proposal, the type of cancellers, ways of cancelling and other related characteristics are approached. The algorithm used for the adaptation of coefficients is exposed and validated through simulations. The problems due to the use of finite word length in digital systems are considered. The cancelling operation procedures are specified and the different tasks are distributed. Finally, at the end of this work, the data path, composed of two processors, of a register bank and of an I/O interface, is proposed. The architecture is described in the HDC hardware description language, and later it is simulated for validation of the proposed functions. The control path, partially described in HDC also, has some of its characteristics addressed.