No description available.

Thermally processed menhaden products were evaluated as potential food products. Nine canned menhaden products judged to be satisfactory in pilot studies were canned or pasteurized and evaluated by a six member semi—trained panel. Panelists scored product characteristics of menhaden products and commercially canned tuna in oil, tuna in water and mackerel. Three canned menhaden products were incorporated in "pizza" sauce and in fish salad recipes that were scored for preference by consumer panelists. Objective measurements for drained weight and total fluid were recorded. Descriptive analysis of the nine canned menhaden products indicated that the dressed and filleted menhaden products were similar in the firmness, flakiness, chewiness, moisture, and fish flavor characteristics. Canned minced menhaden products were significantly different from the dressed and filleted fish products in the texture characteristics: firmness, flakiness and chewiness. Plots drawn for comparison of mean characteristic scores of each menhaden product and the three comparison products (tuna in oil, tuna in water, mackerel) indicated that the canned filleted menhaden in oil was judged by a semi—trained panel to be similar to the two commercially canned tuna products. Consumer preference scores for the menhaden products were significantly different from the scores for comparison products used in the pizza sauces and fish salads. The menhaden fish salads and the menhaden pizza sauce were scored lower. Objective measurements indicated that the use of an alum and citric acid brine increased percent weight loss and percent fluid loss. The minced menhaden product brined in alum and citric acid had the highest recorded percent weight loss and percent fluid loss. Pilot study and consumer preference panelists indicated that the alum and citric acid brine imparted a metallic aftertaste to the canned menhaden products. / Master of Science

A number of crab processors in the Maryland and Virginia region experienced an abnormally high incidence of spoilage in their pasteurized product in the fall of 1989. The spoilage was only seen in cans that were processed either shortly before or after hurricane Hugo and the majority of spoilage occurred in machine picked meat only. All processors pasteurized the meat at least to an Fi~5 of 32 minutes, which is the minimum National Blue Crab Industry Association (NBCIA) recommendation. Spoiled pasteurized crabmeat, processed in 1989 and 1990, were analyzed for their microbial content. Several cans that had spoiled in 1972 were also analyzed for microbial content Isolated organisms were tested for heat tolerance, and those organisms able to survive an F11~5 of 32 minutes or longer were identified. Can seams were evaluated to determine if the spoilage was due to post processing contamination. Approximate D-values were determined for the heat tolerant organisms. A psychrotrophic Clostridium sp. was found in all cans tested from a Maryland processor, Processor B. This processor only had spoilage in machine picked meat pasteurized after hurricane Hugo. Spoilage was seen in cans which had received a F 16/185 of 80 to 100 minutes. Spores from this organism had an approximate D-value of 6.5 minutes at 85 C in brain heart infusion broth (BHI). Cans from Processor B did not show any seam defects, and it was concluded that spoilage was due to the survival of spores, during pasteurization, from the Clostridium sp. that were able to outgrow at the temperature at which crabmeat is stored commercially. A Bacillus sp., possibly Bacillus pasteuranii, was found in one can from Processor B. Spores from this organism have an approximate D-value of 26.5 minutes in BHI broth at 85 C. This organism is unable to grow at refrigeration temperatures and it is not felt to have caused spoilage in the crabmeat. The Clostridium sp. found in cans from Processor B, pasteurized in 1989 and 1990, was also found in a can of jumbo lump meat from Processor D, processed in 1989, and a can of claw meat from Processor E, pasteurized around 1972. Cans from Processor A, who saw small amounts of spoilage before hurricane Hugo and in some hand- picked meat as well as machine piced meat had can seam measurements which did not meet specifications. It was concluded that spoilage from this processor was due to post-processing contamination. Crab processors must be aware that spores, from organisms that are able to outgrow at refrigeration temperatures, are able to survive pasteurization. The Clostridium sp. isolated in this study is one example. Processors will need to make sure their product is receiving sufficient heat to kill all spores of these organisms, while still maintaining a product with good sensory characteristics. It appears, from this study, that crab processors may want to increase the F-value that a lot of crabmeat receives after major storms, since the Clostridium sp. seemed to show up after hurricanes. Finally, crab processors need to be stringent in their sanitation and cleanliness so as to minimize the numbers of these types of organisms in their product. / Master of Science

Oyster meats are currently sorted by hand using volume as the sorting parameter. Hand grading is inaccurate, time consuming and costly. Previous research on physical properties of oyster meats showed a high correlation between projected area of oyster meats and their volume thus allowing the use of projected area measurements as a sorting criterion. A machine vision based oyster meat sorting machine was developed to mechanize the sorting process. The machine consists of a dark conveyor belt transporting singulated oysters through a grading station and then along a row of fast acting water jet valves which separates the stream of oysters into 3 classes. The vision system consists of a monochrome television camera, flash light illumination to "freeze" the images, a digitizer/transmitter and a Personal Computer as an image processing unit. Software synchronizes the flash light and digitization of images and calculates projected area of each meat using the planimeter method. The grading results are sent to a valve control board which actuates the spray valves. The sorting rate is 37 oyster meats/min with a sorting accuracy of 87.5%. A description of the design work, adjustment and l calibration procedures and a final sorting test is included. / Master of Science

Submitted by (edna.saturno@ufrpe.br) on 2017-02-15T15:47:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Lucemario Xavier Batista.pdf: 867177 bytes, checksum: 59d595abec17942d4019ca3a0abf3b56 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-15T15:47:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lucemario Xavier Batista.pdf: 867177 bytes, checksum: 59d595abec17942d4019ca3a0abf3b56 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-06-02 / The canning industry in Brazil has been facing serious problems of supply, since the extractive fishery of the main prime-materia that is the fishing doesn’t supply the demand of the seccion, which has done a high degree of idleness and/or the necessity to import fish from other countries, which suggests the search of new products. The aim was to develop the kept by canning tilapia, using tilapias with medium weight of 100,02 ±19,89 g which, the kept, were called as “charuto” (trunk without head, paddles, gutteds and flakes). The “charutos” were put into brine, pre-boiled and then added sauce of covering. Cans were closed in semiautomatic and autoclaved “recravadeira”, three termic treatments of 15, 20 and 30 minutes, using constant temperature of 121° C. The choice of the best portion of pickle was done by sensorial analysis by color, aroma, flavor, texture and general quality. To qualify e classifying the pickles were carried out nutritional, phisical-chemical analyses, test of esterility and test of paired preference. At the acceptability analysis of the pickle of tilapia, all the termics treatments were approved in the test, but there was not diference between the treatments (P < 0,05). Nevertheless, the treatments of 15 and 20 minutes showed inferior grade to 7 for flavor, what made possible the choice of the 30 minute-treatment as the best, being chosen to be valuated in the test of preference, with commercial conservation. The phisical-chemical traits of the pickles showed the following results: 74,72% humidity, 18,31% proteins, 4,78% ashes, 2,31% lipids, 94,03 Kcal total caloric value, 726,32 mg calcium, 0,90 mg ferro and 333,75 mg sodium. The nutricional information for one portion of 60g of the product was: caloric value 60 Kcal, carbohidrats 0 g, proteins 11 g, total fat 1,5 g, satured fat 0,5 g, cholesterol 36 mg, feed fiber 0 g, calcium 435,8 mg, ferro 0,54 mg and sodium 200 mg. The incubation test accused no contamination of the product and in the paired preference test there was no diference (P < 0,05) between the tilapia conservation and the conservation of commercial fish. Conclude that the consevation of tilapia shows phisical-chemicals, nutricional e sensorial compatibility with the similar commercial products, which confirm the viability of the product for the market of pickles. / A indústria de conserva no Brasil vem passando por problemas graves de abastecimento, visto que a pesca extrativa da sua principal matéria-prima que é a sardinha, não atende a demanda do setor, o que tem provocado um alto grau de ociosidade e/ou a necessidade de importar pescado de outros países, o que sugere a busca de novos produtos. Objetivou-se desenvolver uma conserva mediante o enlatamento de tilápia, utilizando exemplares com peso médio de 100,0 ±19,8 g que, após tratadas, foram denominadas de “charuto” (tronco sem cabeça, sem nadadeiras, evisceradas e escamadas). Os “charutos” foram colocados em salmoura, na lata, pré-cozido e em seguida adicionado o molho de cobertura. As latas foram fechadas em recravadeira semi-automática e autoclavadas em três tratamentos térmicos de 15, 20 e 30 minutos, utilizando temperatura constante de 121° C. A escolha do melhor lote de conserva foi feita pelo teste de aceitabilidade em relação aos atributos: cor, aroma, sabor, textura e qualidade geral. Para qualificar e classificar a conserva foram realizadas análises físico-químicas, nutricional e teste de esterilidade. Foi ainda realizado teste de preferência entre a conserva em estudo e uma já existente no comércio com outro tipo de peixe. Todos os tratamentos térmicos foram aprovados não havendo diferença entre os tratamentos (P < 0,05). No entanto, os tratamentos de 15 e 20 minutos apresentaram nota inferior a 7 no atributo sabor, o que possibilitou a eleição do tratamento de 30 minutos como o melhor, sendo a escolhida para ser avaliada no teste de preferência. A composição físico-química da conserva apresentou os seguintes resultados: 74,72% de umidade, 18,31% de proteínas, 4,78% de cinzas, 2,31% de lipídeos, 94,03 Kcal de valor calórico total, 726,32 mg de cálcio, 0,90 mg de ferro e 333,75 mg de sódio. A informação nutricional para uma porção de 60g do produto foi: valor calórico 60 Kcal, carboidratos 0 g, proteínas 11 g, gordura total 1,5 g, gordura saturada 0,5 g, colesterol 36 mg, fibra alimentar 0 g, cálcio 435,8 mg, ferro 0,54 mg e sódio 200 mg. No teste de esterilidade não foi constatada nenhuma alteração do produto e no teste de preferência pareada não houve diferença (P < 0,05) entre a conserva de tilápia e a conserva de peixe comercial. Concluiu-se que a conserva de tilápia apresenta condições físico-químicas, nutricionais e sensoriais compatíveis com os produtos comerciais similares, o que confirma a viabilidade do produto para o mercado de conservas.

Orientador: Celia Marina de Alvarenga Freire / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T11:33:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Felipe_AugustaMariaPaulainFerreira_D.pdf: 5466222 bytes, checksum: 02a424089af5fbce85c2746574716881 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: As características das latas em folha-de-flandres utilizadas no acondicionamento da polpa de cupuaçu foram estudadas com o objetivo de avaliar a interação produto/embalagem uma vez que, este fruto apresenta elevada acidez e por sua produção ser expressiva na Amazônia torna-se necessário a avaliação dos fatores que possam indicar a adequação deste tipo de embalagem à polpa. A lata em folha-de-flandres apresenta vantagens de uso tais como baixo peso, hermeticidade, boa resistência mecânica, praticidade, conveniência de transporte e utilização pelo consumidor. No entanto, a ocorrência de interações entre o material da lata e o produto pode causar perda de qualidade e perda de propriedades físicas e mecânicas da lata. A técnica de Espectroscopia de Impedância Eletroquímica foi aplicada para verificar os aspectos da interação embalagem e produto durante o período de estocagem de 300 dias a temperatura de 32º C. Foram analisadas as características físicas das embalagens, assim como os teores de ferro e estanho dissolvidos, propriedades físico-químicas microbiológicas e sensoriais no produto. Os resultados mostraram que a associação da técnica de espectroscopia de impedância eletroquímica, espectrometria de emissão atômica microscopia de varredura e as demais utilizadas, proporcionaram um entendimento quanto ao desempenho do verniz utilizado, sugerindo que, a aplicação do verniz na região de solda do corpo das embalagens constituiu-se em um fator determinante para a perda das características protetivas do revestimento. / Abstract: The characteristics of the tinplate cans used in the packaging of cupuaçu pulp, were studied aiming the evaluation of the interaction product/packaging, provided that this fruit has high acidity and its has a massive production in the Amazon region, it becomes necessary the evaluation of the factors that may indicate the adequacy of this type of packaging to the pulp. The tinplate can has advantages in usage such as low weight, hermeticism, high mechanical strength, practicality, and transport and customer-usage conveniences. However, the occurrence of interactions between the product and the can material may cause quality loss of the product, besides physical and mechanical properties loss of the can. The technique of electrochemistry impedance spectroscopy was applied to verify aspects of the interaction between the package and product during a 300-day storage period at a temperature of 32o C. Physical characteristics of the cans, levels of dissolved iron and tin, besides physical, chemical, microbiological, and sensory properties of the product were analyzed. The results showed that the combination of the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique, atomic emission spectrometry, scanning microscopy and other used provided an understanding on the performance of the varnish used, suggesting that its application on the welding region of the packaging is a determinant factor to the loss of protective features of the coating. / Doutorado / Materiais e Processos de Fabricação / Doutor em Engenharia Mecânica

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la pre-factibilidad de la instalación de una planta procesadora de conservas de mango en almíbar a partir de la evaluación de la viabilidad de mercado, tecnológica, económica y financiera. Para la elaboración de conservas se utilizará como materia prima principal el mango nacional de gran calidad y reconocimiento. Esta investigación resulta relevante debido a que en los últimos años el precio de las conservas se ha ido incrementando debido a la creciente demanda existente por estos productos. Otro aspecto importante para la relevancia de esta investigación es que se le dará valor agregado al mango peruano. / Trabajo de investigación

Thesis (Ph. D. (Plant Production)) -- University of Limpopo,2016 / Refer to document / University of Limpopo, The Technology Innovation Agency (TIA), The Land Bank Chair of Agriculture ─ University of Limpopo, The Flemish Interuniversity Council (VLIR) and, The Agricultural Research Council - University Collaboration Centre

Widespread consumption of canned tuna fish since the 1950s may explain some of the increase in breast cancer prevalence in the United States and Europe. Although canned tuna is the primary source of human exposure to methylmercury, its role as an estrogen activating metalloestrogen has been overlooked in the etiology and incidence of breast cancer. Carcinogenic theory asserts that increased exposure to estrogen elevates the risk of breast cancer. The purpose of this population-based, case control study was to examine the association between canned tuna consumption, total blood mercury, and breast cancer in the NHANES 2003-2006 surveys. A multivariable logistic regression model representing 138,747,398 U.S. adult females, controlling for covariates, was applied to investigate whether canned tuna consumption or blood mercury level had a relationship to breast cancer. According to study results, women who reported eating canned tuna at one level of increased frequency out of 11 had a 6.8% increased odds of being diagnosed with breast cancer (p =0. 000 OR 1.068 and 95% CI 1.067-1.069). Women with only a 0.01 Ug/L increase in total blood mercury level were found to have a 0.2% increased odds of being diagnosed with breast cancer (p =. 000 OR 1.002 and 95% CI 1.002-1.003). Additional research individuating the canned tuna fish variable in nutrition, fish, mercury, and breast cancer studies is recommended. This research contributes to positive social change by providing evidence to improve understanding and specification of canned tuna fish in future research and better identification of methylmercury levels in canned tuna fish for public knowledge.

Beans are a commonly consumed food and a staple in many regions worldwide. Pinto beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), categorized as legumes, are dried seeds from plants and are high in protein, carbohydrate and fiber, and low in fat. They are also a good source of various minerals and well as thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, and folate Beans are typically soaked and thermally processed before consumption. Different processing methods can impact the composition of beans. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of thermal treatments on vitamin concentration in pinto beans. Beans were simmered, canned, dried-flaked, or dried-extruded, and measured for thiamin, riboflavin, folate, and vitamin B6. Beans were then reheated and measured again for vitamin concentration. Vitamin loss was comparable between the most commonly consumed stages of processing: Simmered, canned reheated, dried-flaked reheated and dried-extruded reheated. The only statistically significant differences were that simmering caused the least amount of degradation of thiamin and dried-flaked product had the least amount of vitamin B6 degradation. Though dried-flaked and dried-extruded beans generally decreased in vitamin concentration, these two products were comparable to the simmered and canned reheated products. This suggests that drying is a nutritionally acceptable means of processing pinto beans, resulting in products that are more economical to transport and more convenient to prepare.