Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T14:52:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_UFG_Keyla_ORibeiro.pdf: 2021366 bytes, checksum: 719945fe498cc8ef7b6d15b1343d35dd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-26 / Soybean is currently the most prominent crop in the Brazilian production of grains. Its main products include oil and meal, which have been used for the production of food and animal feed. The high protein contents represent the main attraction of soybean use in diet. Furthermore, soybean oil has also been used in the production of biodiesel. These industrial segments demands cultivars with similar profiles of fatty acids, in which case the oil guarantees a better oxidative stability. This profile corresponds to oils with low polyunsaturated acids contents, associated to high contents of monounsaturated fatty acids. For that, it becomes essential the chemical characterization of grains in cultivars, which could be extended to the genetic resources preserved in germplasm collections, with the purpose of breeding soybean in these traits. Nowadays the characterization of these resources is still deficient, mainly regarding special traits such as those previously mentioned. In this context, the objective of this study was to characterize a sub-collection of 527 accessions of soybean from the germplasm bank of Secretaria de Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento do Estado Goiás (SEAGRO-GO), based on the physicochemical traits of the grain, including protein and oil contents in the meal, and the main fatty acids contents of the oil. The grains were obtained through a field trial carried out at the experimental unit of SEAGRO-GO (16°43 S; 49°7 W; 765 m), county of Senador Canedo - GO, in the 2007-2008 growing season. The experimental design was augmented blocks (blocks of Federer), with two check cultivars (Conquista and Monsoy 6101). The plots were constituted by one row of plants (5.0 m x 0.5 m). The protein contents were quantified by the Kjeldahl method, the oil by the Soxhlet method, and the fatty acids (palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic) by FAME method (Fatty Acid Methyl Esters). To assess the genetic divergence among accessions the multivariate analyses used were: canonical variables, principal components and cluster analysis. The last one was performed by the hierarchical clustering method using UPGMA criteria. Canonical discriminant analysis was also performed on established similarity groups and on maturity groups of the accessions (early, intermediate and late). In the principal components analysis it was needed three components to retain 78% of the total variance, whereas in the canonical variables analysis only two of these variables captured 81.2% of this variation. About the phenotypic variation, it was observed that the studied sub-collection presents a relatively lowl variability among its accessions, in protein content (from 35.7% to 44.0%) and oil content (from 14.8% to 18.5%). For fatty acids, the germplasm showed a relatively wide variation, although characteristics of industrial interest such as high contents of oleic acid (greater than 40%) and low contents of polyunsaturated acids (less than 40%) are restricted to few accessions. Regarding the polyunsaturated acids, the germplasm presents satisfactory variability to the linoleic oil (omega-6), however, low variability to the linolenic acid (omega-3), especially in its upper limit. By cluster analysis they were established five similarity groups (A, B, C, D, and E) with the formation of subgroups in some them. The accessions of groups A and B present the largest oil and protein contents, respectively. The accessions of group C outstood with the best profile of oil quality (oxidative stability), and they were followed by the accessions of E and B groups. Among the germplasm with the best profiles of oil oxidative stability, it was still possible to identify in this collection five divergent groups of accessions with significant differences in fatty acids contents. The polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids are the most relevant variables in the structuring of genetic diversity of this germplasm. / A soja é atualmente a cultura de maior destaque na safra brasileira de grãos. Entre seus principais produtos estão o óleo e o farelo, os quais têm sido matéria-prima para a produção de alimentos e ração animal. O elevado teor de proteína representa o principal atrativo do uso da soja na alimentação. Além disso, o óleo de soja tem sido também utilizado na produção de biodiesel. Esses segmentos industriais buscam cultivares com perfis semelhantes de ácidos graxos, cujo óleo garanta melhor estabilidade oxidativa. Isto corresponde a óleos com baixos teores de ácidos poli-insaturados, associados a elevados teores de ácidos graxos monossaturados. Para isso, torna-se indispensável a caracterização de atributos relacionados à qualidade do grão dos cultivares comerciais; o que pode ser estendido, para os propósitos de melhoramento da soja nesses atributos, aos recursos genéticos preservados em bancos de germoplasma. Atualmente a caracterização desses recursos ainda é deficiente, sobretudo quando se tratam de caracteres especiais como aqueles anteriormente mencionados. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar uma subcoleção de 527 acessos de soja do banco de germoplasma da Secretaria de Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento do Estado de Goiás (Seagro-GO), com base nos teores de proteína, óleo e dos principais ácidos graxos no óleo. Os grãos foram obtidos de ensaio de campo conduzido na Unidade Experimental da Seagro-GO (16°43 S; 49°7 W; 765 m), município de Senador Canedo-GO, na safra 2007/2008. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos aumentados (blocos de Federer), com duas cultivares testemunhas (Conquista e Monsoy 6101) e parcela constituída de uma fileira de plantas (5,0 m x 0,5 m). Os teores de proteína foram quantificados pelo método Kjeldahl; de óleo, por Soxhlet; e os de ácidos graxos (palmítico, esteárico, oleico, linoleico e linolênico), pelo método FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Esters). Para a avaliação da divergência genética entre os acessos, utilizaram-se as análises multivariadas de variáveis canônicas, de componentes principais e de agrupamento. Esta última foi realizada pelo método hierárquico aglomerativo, associado ao critério de ligação UPGMA. Também se realizaram análises discriminantes canônicas entre os grupos de similaridade identificados e entre os ciclos de maturação dos acessos (precoce, médio e tardio). Na análise de componentes principais foram necessárias três componentes para explicar 78% da variância total, ao passo que na análise de variáveis canônicas, apenas duas destas variáveis explicaram 81,2% dessa variação. Em relação à variação fenotípica, observou-se que a subcoleção apresenta variabilidade relativamente baixa entre os acessos, em seus teores de proteína (de 35,7% a 44,0%) e óleo (de 14,8% a 18,5%). Para os ácidos graxos, o germoplasma apresenta variação relativamente ampla, embora características de interesse industrial como elevados teores de ácido oleico (maiores que 40%) e baixos teores de ácidos poli-insaturados (menores que 40%) sejam restritas a poucos acessos. Quanto aos ácidos graxos poli-insaturados, o germoplasma apresenta variabilidade satisfatória para o ácido linoleico (ômega-6), porém, baixa variabilidade para o ácido linolênico (ômega-3), sobretudo em seu limite superior. Pela análise de agrupamento foram estabelecidos cinco grupos de similaridade multivariada (A, B, C, D e E), com formação de subgrupos em alguns deles. Os acessos dos grupos A e B apresentam os maiores teores de óleo e de proteína, respectivamente. Os acessos do grupo C destacam-se com os melhores perfis em qualidade do óleo (estabilidade oxidativa). Mesmo selecionando apenas o germoplasma com melhor perfil em estabilidade oxidativa do óleo, ainda foi possível identificar nessa coleção cinco grupos de acessos significativamente divergentes nos teores de ácidos graxos. As variáveis que se mostraram mais relevantes na estruturação da divergência genética desse germoplasma foram os teores de ácidos graxos poli-insaturados e saturados.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:13:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARLOS_TESE_FINAL.pdf: 1188390 bytes, checksum: 139a8023d47162b34756138701932d3f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-27 / Heat stress is a limiting factor in animal production in the tropics. The physical, physiological and hematological are often used to evaluate the adaptation of animals to heat. The objective was to perform multivariate analysis of physiological characteristic "tolerance to heat, horses, sheep and cattle in the Federal District, to determine whether measured characteristics were able to separate groups of animals and determine the most important variables in differentiating groups in the adaptation of animal heat. A total of 40 horses, 50 sheep and 90 cattle, all adults. The quantitative characters were subjected to multivariate statistical tests of cluster analysis and canonical discriminant. Analyses were performed in the Statistical Analysis System - SAS ® procedures using cluster stepdisc, cancorr and discrim. The dendrogram was able to separate and demonstrate the genetic distance between groups of animals analyzed. The canonical analysis separated the individuals into groups. The discriminant analysis identified the variables that are most important in adapting these to the heat in the Federal District, the conditions were in the polls. / O estresse térmico é considerado um fator limitante na produção de animais nos trópicos. As características físicas, hematológicas e fisiológicas são frequentemente utilizadas para avaliar a adaptação dos animais ao calor. Objetivou-se realizar análise multivariada das característcias fisiológicas de tolerância ao calor, em equinos, ovinos e bovinos do Distrito Federal, para determinar se as características medidas foram capazes de separar os grupos de animais e determinar as variáveis mais importantes na diferenciação dos grupos na adaptação do animal ao calor. Foram utilizados 40 cavalos, 50 ovelhas e 90 bovinos, todos adultos. Os caracteres quantitativos foram submetidos aos testes estatísticos multivariados de análise de agrupamento, discriminante e canônica. As análises foram realizadas no programa estatístico Statistical Analysis System - SAS ® usando os procedimentos cluster, stepdisc, cancorr, e discrim. O dendrograma foi capaz de separar e demonstrar a distância entre os grupos genéticos dos animais analisados. A análise canônica separou os indivíduos em grupos. A análise discriminante identificou as variáveis que têm maior importância na adaptação destes animais ao calor no Distrito Federal, nas condições em foram realizadas as pesquisas.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / Neste trabalho apresentamos soluÃÃes clÃssicas e quÃnticas de osciladores harmÃnicos acoplados dependentes do tempo. Nesses sistemas as massas, frequÃncias e o parÃmetro de acoplamento sÃo funÃÃes do tempo. Quatro sistemas sÃo investigados. Para obter as soluÃÃes clÃssicas usamos uma transformaÃÃo de coordenada e momento juntamente com uma transformaÃÃo canÃnica para escrever o Hamiltoniano original como a soma de dois Hamiltonianos de osciladores harmÃnicos desacoplados dependentes do tempo com frequÃncias modificadas dependentes do tempo e massas unitÃrias. Encontramos soluÃÃes analÃticas para a posiÃÃo e a velocidade para cada oscilador de todos os sistemas. Para obter as soluÃÃes quÃnticas exatas usamos uma transformaÃÃo unitÃria e o mÃtodo invariante de Lewis e Riesenfeld. As funÃÃes de onda sÃo escritas em termos de uma quantidade escalar a qual à soluÃÃo da equaÃÃo de Milne-Pinney. Para cada sistema resolvemos a respectiva equaÃÃo de Milne-Pinney e discutimos como as flutuaÃÃes quÃnticas e o produto de incerteza evoluem no tempo. / In this work we present the classical and quantum solutions of time-dependent coupled harmonic oscillators. In these systems the masses, frequencies and coupling parameter (k) are functions of time. Four systems are investigated. To obtain the classical solutions we use a coordinate and momentum transformations along with a canonical transformation to write the original Hamiltonian as the sum of two Hamiltonians of uncoupled harmonic oscillators with modified time-dependent frequencies and unitary masses. We find the analytical expression for position and velocity of each oscillator of the systems. To obtain the exact quantum solutions we use a unitary transformation and the Lewis and Riesenfeld invariant method. The wave functions obtained are written in terms of a c-number quantity () which is solution of the Milne-Pinney equation. For each system we solve the respective Milne-Pinney equation and discuss how the quantum fluctuations and the uncertainty product evolve with time.

The class of hyperbolic conservation laws model the phenomena of non-linear wave propagation, including the presence and propagation of discontinuities and expansion waves. Such nonlinear systems can generate discontinuities in the so-lution even for smooth initial conditions. Presence of discontinuities results in break down of a solution in the classical sense and to show existence, weak for-mulation of a problem is required. Moreover, closed form solutions are di cult to obtain and in some cases such solutions are even unavailable. Thus, numerical algorithms play an important role in solving such systems. There are several dis-cretization techniques to solve hyperbolic systems numerically and Finite Volume Method (FVM) is one of such important frameworks. Numerical algorithms based on FVM are broadly classi ed into two categories, central discretization methods and upwind discretization methods. Various upwind and central discretization methods developed so far di er widely in terms of robustness, accuracy and ef-ciency and an ideal scheme with all these characteristics is yet to emerge. In this thesis, novel upwind and central schemes are formulated for various hyper-bolic systems, with the aim of maintaining right balance between accuracy and robustness. This thesis is divided into two parts. First part consists of the formulation of upwind methods to simulate genuine weakly hyperbolic (GWH) systems. Such systems do not possess full set of linearly independent (LI) eigenvectors and some of the examples include pressureless gas dynamics system, modi ed Burgers' sys-tem and further modi ed Burgers' system. The main challenge while formulating an upwind solver for GWH systems, using the concept of Flux Di erence Splitting (FDS), is to recover full set of LI eigenvectors, which is done through addition of generalized eigenvectors using the theory of Jordan Canonical Forms. Once the defective set of LI eigenvectors are completed, a novel (FDS-J) solver is for-mulated in such a manner that it is independent of generalized eigenvectors, as they are not unique. FDS-J solver is capable of capturing various shocks such as -shocks, 0-shocks and 00-shocks accurately. In this thesis, the FDS-J schemes are proposed for those GWH systems each of which have one particular repeated eigenvalue with arithmetic multiplicity (AM) greater than one. Moreover, each ux Jacobian matrix corresponding to such systems is similar to a unique Jordan matrix. After the successful treatment of genuine weakly hyperbolic systems, this strategy is further applied to those weakly hyperbolic subsystems which result on employ-ing various convection-pressure splittings to the Euler ux function. For example, Toro-Vazquez (TV) splitting and Zha-Bilgen (ZB) type splitting approaches to split the Euler ux function yield genuine weakly hyperbolic convective parts and strict hyperbolic pressure parts. Moreover, the ux Jacobian of each convective part is similar to a Jordan matrix with at least two lower order Jordan blocks. Based on the lines of FDS-J scheme, we develop two numerical schemes for Eu-ler equations using TV splitting and ZB type splitting. Both the new ZBS-FDS and TVS-FDS schemes are tested on various 1-D shock tube problems and out of two, contact capturing ZBS-FDS scheme is extended to 2-dimensional Euler system where it is tested successfully on various test cases including many shock instability problems. Second part of the thesis is associated with the development of simple, robust and accurate central solvers for systems of hyperbolic conservation laws. The idea of splitting schemes together with the notion of FDS is not easily extendable to systems such as shallow water equations. Thus, a novel central solver Convection Isolated Discontinuity Recognizing Algorithm (CIDRA) is formulated for shallow water equations. As the name suggests, the convective ux is isolated from the total ux in such a way that other ux, in present case other ux represents celerity part, must possess non-zero eigenvalue contribution. FVM framework is applied to each part separately and ux equivalence principle is used to x the coe cient of numerical di usion. CIDRA for SWE is computed on various 1-D and 2-D benchmark problems and extended to Euler systems e ortlessly. As a further improvement, a scalar di usion based algorithm CIDRA-1 is designed for v Euler systems. The scalar di usion coe cient depends on that particular part of the Rankine-Hugoniot (R-H) condition which involves total energy of the system as a direct contribution. This algorithm is applied to a variety of shock tube test cases including a class of low density ow problems and also to various 2-D test problems successfully. vi

Le principe de subsidiarité est ici étudié en droit canonique, et au cours de son histoire contemporaine. Le catholicisme romain procède, depuis moins d’un siècle, à une complexe acculturation et inculturation, certes conditionnelle par respect envers sa spécificité religieuse, à propos de procédures de subsidiarité. Et, y compris, afin que de telles procédures puissent être assumées dans les rapports de pouvoirs internes à cette Église chrétienne. Car la meilleure des mises en œuvre de subsidiarité a acquis une réputation de précieuses contributions pour rendre le vécu en sociétés plus humain : un savoir procédural pour articuler les différents ordres supérieurs et inférieurs. Que ces subsidiarités articulent davantage de participation effective de tous et de toutes aux décisions les concernant. Aussi les formes de subsidiarités les plus ajustées et opportunes peuvent en principe faciliter un exercice plus libre et plus responsable des compétences légitimement réparties. Mais, leurs applications concrètes ne sont pas sans soulever des difficultés, des confusions indues et équivoques de compétences. L’Église catholique romaine recommande l’application du principe de subsidiarité à la société civile (ad extra). À quelles conditions institutionnelles des procédures de subsidiarités dans l’Église catholique romaine contemporaine (ad intra) ? / The principle of subsidiarity is studied here in canonic law, and during modern history. The Roman Catholicism has proceeded, less than a century, in a complex acculturation and inculturation, admittedly conditional with respect for religious specificity, about the procedures of subsidiarity. And, furthermore, in order such procedures to be assumed in the power relations internal to this Christian Church. Because the best practice of subsidiarity has acquired, in a real-world situation and in the Church, a reputation of precious contributions to make society more human: a procedural knowledge to articulate the different superior and inferior orders. That this subsidiarity leads to a more efficient participation of everybody to the decisions concerning them. Thus the most adjusted and appropriate forms of subsidiarity can in principle make easier the exercise of the competences legitimately distributed. But, their concrete application is not without raising some difficulties, undue confusion and equivocal competences. The Roman Catholic shaping of this principle of social and political moral of subsidiarity, addressed to all the good societies possibly well-disposed, is advocated, firstly and mostly, since the encyclical letter Quadragesimo Anno of May 15th 1931 from Pie XI. The Roman Catholic Church teaches and recommends steadfastly the application of the principle of subsidiarity to the civil society (ad extra).What about its existence in the modern Roman Catholic Church (ad intra)?

We explore the problem of transforming plane triangulations using simultaneous diagonal flips. Wagner showed that any n-vertex plane triangulation can be transformed to any other plane triangulation on equal number of vertices using a finite sequence of diagonal flips. Later on it has been established that O(n) individual flips suffice to complete this transformation. Bose et al. showed that the transformation can also be done in 4 × ( 2 / log 54/53 + 2 / log 6/5 ) logn + 2 ≈ 327.1 log n simultaneous flips. This bound is asymptotically tight. We present two algorithms to improve the leading coefficient of this bound for transforming any plane triangulation into any other. The first of the two algorithms lowers this bound down to 4 × ( 2 / log 12/11 + 2 / log 9/7 ) logn + 2 ≈ 85.8 log n. By processing and preprocessing the interior and exterior of the triangulation’s Hamiltonian cycle parallelly in an interlaced fashion, we make further improvement of the algorithm from ≈ 327.1 log n down to 12 / log 6/5 logn + 2 ≈ 45.6 log n.

No description available.

This thesis produces a definition of consonant mutations, a hitherto relatively unexplored phenomenon in typology, using a sample of languages from the Celtic and Uralic languages. It is defined using Canonical Typology. The base of the phenomenon is established as ‘functionalized consonant alternations’, with seven dimensions of variation: conditioning elements>no conditioning elements; sole functional indicator>accompanied by other morphemes; more than two grades>two grades; some effect on surrounding vowels>only affecting the consonant; only leniting>also non-leniting sound changes; word-initial/-final>word-medial placement; and less regular>more regular. It is also argued that mutations’ phonology is less important than their function.

The counseling profession seeks to support and enrich the quality of life of the general public by providing effective clinical services. Many counselors struggle with practicing self-care regularly, increasing the risk of burnout. When counselors provide services while experiencing burnout, they risk harming clients being served. The conservation of resources theory suggests that there is an increased risk of maladaptive coping and burnout when there is a decrease in resources used to protect someone from experiencing stress. A quantitative survey research study using a nonprobability convenience sampling was used to explore the relationship between counselor burnout, life balance, and self-compassion among fully licensed and provisionally licensed counselors throughout the United States with at least 2 years of experience (N = 331). Two canonical correlation analyses were conducted to determine (a) if there was any significant relationship between the subscales of the Juhnke-Balkin Life Balance Inventory, measuring life balance, and the Counselor Burnout Inventory (CBI), measuring burnout, and (b) if there was a significant relationship between the subscales of the CBI, measuring burnout, and the Self-Compassion Scale, measuring self-compassion. Both canonical correlation analyses indicated a statistically significant relationship. Particularly, professional counselors are experiencing poor work-life balance, decreased attention in their personal life, decreased quality of their relationships, negative work environment, and lower levels of self-compassion. The potential social change impact from this research study is that a better understanding of how to mitigate and/or prevent experiences of burnout in counselors may improve counselor’s quality of life, mitigate turnover, counselor burnout, reduce client harm, and increase the quality of clinical services.

No description available.