Extending the sSkin(s) is concerned with the adaptive re-use of the Capitol Theatre in the Pretoria into an existing building which has been abused and neglected, not only gives the building a new lease on life, but brings about the rejuvenation of the surrounding areas too. The design attempts to blur the boundaries between interior and exterior, and to extend the fantastic nature of the interior out onto the street. In this way, the original function of the building as a theatre becomes more accessible to the general public. The theatre as a whole becomes a mysterious fantasy realm drawing in passers-by, and thereby functioning as a platform for performance. When people enter the space, they become performers in their own right - their performance is mapped out by how they interact with the spaces and each other. The existing character has been reinterpreted allowing the Capitol to regain its former elegance and sense of mystery. The Capitol is brought into the here and now; the same but changed; a new energy for an existing building… Copyright / Dissertation (MInt(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Architecture / unrestricted

The wide variety of strata, structural features, and landscapes of Capitol Reef National Park result from its complex, yet discoverable history. Our task was to write and design an informative book on this complexity while making it engaging for the public. We approached the design of this book using Stufflebeam's (2007) CIPP model. The CIPP model uses both summative and formative evaluations in the categories of context, input, process, and product. It provides the framework to methodically investigate the value of a product and identify and correct less effective pedagogical and design elements during its development. We demonstrated the use of the CIPP model as we wrote and illustrated pages of our book. Beginning with context, we identified our target audience, decided how we would provide a book that would serve this cohort, and made a plan for what we would accomplish with Exploring the Diverse Geology of Capitol Reef National Park. The input step involved understanding how to make our goals reality, especially concerning the design of the final book. We researched how the brain learns most effectively and incorporated those ideas into our book. We used principles developed by Clark and Mayer (2011) to reduce extraneous cognitive load. Research by James Hartley (1994) guided the instructional design and typography techniques. The process step helped us stay organized and follow our original plans. Finally, the product step enabled us and others to evaluate our product both formatively and summatively to make necessary alterations and plans for possibly future editions.

Utah prairie dogs were transplanted onto the site of a former colony located on Jones Bench in the northwestern corner of Capitol Reef National Park. Shrubs on Jones Bench were significantly taller than those found on active colonies of Ut ah prairie dogs located nearby on the Awapa Plateau. Therefore, the Jones Bench site offered an opportunity to test the hypothesis that shrub height is a major inhibitory factor on occupation of sites by prairie dogs. Four sites of 5 ha each were delimited on Jones Bench prior to the transplanting o~ animals. Vegetation treatments were carried out on three of the sites and the fourth was used as a nonmanipulated control . Mechanical treatments by rotobeating and railing were accomplished in late August, 1978. A herbicidal treatment (2,4-D) was done on the third site in the spring of 1979. Shrub height and percent cover were significantly reduced on all three treatment sites. Post-treatment effects on the vegetation during the first year showed that the greatest percent moisture in herbage was found on the railed site, followed by the herbicide, rotobeaten, and control sites. Herbage production was approximately three times greater on the rotobeaten and railed sites than on the control and herbicide sites. Measurements of the visual obstructions of prairie dogs showed that the rotobeaten site had the greatest visibility followed by the railed, herbicide, and control sites. Prior to release of prairie dogs on the study area, 200 artificial burrows arranged in a matrix, were dug with an enginepowered post-hole auger on each site. In late June and early July, 1979, 200 Utah prairie dogs were live-trapped near Loa, Utah. A total of 50 immature males, immature females, mature males, and mature females were released on each site. The animal's fur was dyed with a specific mark representing their respective transplant site before their release. The transplanted animals were monitored daily for 23 consecutive days following the release of the first animals and biweekly thereafter throughout the summer and early fall. Significant differences were found in the number of animals reestablished on each site except between the herbicide treatment and control site. The majority of all animals transplanted moved onto the rotobeaten site; the railed, herbicide, and control sites were selected in decreasing order. Results indicated that when transplanting animals onto sites of former colonies, particularly sites that are overgrown with shrubs, the chances of a successful transplant could be increased by first reducing shrub height and density. Proof of reestablishment at the Jones Bench site will be evident if reproduction is observed in the spring of 1980.

The aim of this thesis is to address and problematize how an undemocratic event like the Capitol riot on January 6th, 2021 could occur in the United States, the nation that for so long has been perceived to be the world’s leading democracy. The thesis takes a point of departure in French philosopher Jaques Derrida’s theory of autoimmunity, which is a theory aiming to explain how democracies are at constant risk of developing autoimmune reactions within their institutions, causing them to undermine their own values and principles. Three theoretical areas were derived from the theory: Hospitality, Ipseity, and Democracy to come, and through an interpretive content analysis of the nine public committee hearings taking place after the riot, these areas could detect symptoms of democratic autoimmunity in the event. The findings of the research thus shed light on the autoimmune tendencies that exist within the very core of democracy, and that was brought to the forefront on January 6th, 2021. Further, the results point to the fact that because of these autoimmune tendencies, the democratic institutions in the United States are still - after this event - exposed to simultaneous threats and opportunities that can come to change the course of democracy in the nation.

Whereas, The United States Capitol Building has long been an iconic symbol of the American government and democracy worldwide. The building's design centers on the famous dome, designed by Thomas U. Walter, was completed during the American Civil War in 1863. Frederick Law Olmsted added a large terrace to the building as a part of his landscape in 1892. Olmsted's terrace was the last major addition to the Architecture of the Capitol Building and the icon of American government has been largely maintained since the turn of the 20th century, essentially frozen in time and symbolism. Yet the country has not been idle since the 1890's. The Capitol Building is a living symbol of American government and should therefore change with the American government. Whereas, One example of stalled symbols of change is the number of representatives in the House. This number, 435, has remained unchanged since 1913, despite the population more than tripling. The idea to expand the number of representatives gives the opportunity to update the House of Representatives for the modern era both structurally and architecturally through the addition of a new house chamber to the Capitol Building, just as Walter did over 150 years ago. Whereas, the Capitol Building represents a history of slavery, denied rights, and theft of Native lands and culture just as much as liberty, freedom, and self-determination of government. The lack of new construction means the Capitol has not been able to represent the last century of American history and progress from granting women the right to vote to its role in WWII to the rise of the internet, all monumentally important moments that changed the United States forever into a country and culture that deserves representation in our Capitol. Now, therefore be it resolved that this thesis proposes a new chamber for the House of Representatives to redefine the architecture of the Capitol Building and symbolize the century of history which has yet to be represented in the Capitol. The design process began with a detailed look into the history of the Capitol alongside the history of congress. The symbols embedded in the marble were products of their time, as were the laws and the representatives. Resolved that this project also questions the present and future of Congress. As much as the building serves as symbol and historical icon, it is also a working office building for the United States congress. Given the precipitous fall in congress' productivity over the past decades, the opportunity to provide a new building for the House also is an opportunity provide congress with a more functional space knowing their current chamber was built without electric lights. This new building aims to improve the capabilities of congress while being a symbol for the nation. Resolved that this thesis is about the idea of representing change. The nature of a democratic government is one of changing ideas and laws, and this project seeks to have the Capitol Building embody that aspect. Thomas Jefferson himself is known for saying rejecting change is like we "require a man to wear still the coat which fitted him when he was a boy". Congress needs a new coat. / Master of Architecture / The United States Capitol Building has long been an iconic symbol of the American government and democracy worldwide. The building's design centers on the famous dome, designed by Thomas U. Walter, was completed during the American Civil War in 1863. Frederick Law Olmsted added a large terrace to the building as a part of his landscape in 1892. Olmsted's terrace was the last major addition to the Architecture of the Capitol Building and the building has been maintained to look mostly the same ever since. Despite this, the United States has had many major events since 1892 and the Capitol has not had any representation of those events. One example of stalled symbols of change is the number of representatives in the House. Since 1913, the House of Representatives in Congress has had 435 representatives, despite the population more than tripling since then. Many have had the idea to increase this number and expand the House. This idea gives an opportunity to design a new, larger chamber for the House to meet in. This thesis proposes a new chamber to redefine the architecture of the Capitol Building and symbolize the century of history which has yet to be represented in the Capitol. The idea of making a new expansion to the iconic Capitol Building comes with challenges. One of the most obvious is the strong classical architecture. The United States has gone through many difficult fights and changes since the current building was finished and it would seem disingenuous to build a new section in the same way as the old. At the same time, the history and symbolism of the Capitol is important and needs to be respected. This new extension must honor both histories and yet also look to the future and decide what the symbol of America for the next hundred years should be. Alongside these questions of symbolism is a very pragmatic reality: Congress isn't popular. Approval ratings have plummeted in recent decades and show no signs of improvement. This thesis was done amid historic turmoil and record lows in productivity in the House. This thesis also begs the question of whether the building that Congress meets in can be part of the solution. The House Chamber, when completed, had no electric lighting, let alone C-SPAN cameras and smart phones in every lawmaker's pocket. This new extension aims to provide Congress with a workplace designed to address the difficulties it faces in keeping itself in order. As a whole, this thesis is about the idea of representing change. The nature of a democratic government is one of changing ideas and laws, and this project seeks to have the Capitol Building embody that aspect. Thomas Jefferson himself is known for saying rejecting change is like we "require a man to wear still the coat which fitted him when he was a boy". Congress needs a new coat.

The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the physical requirements of a building suitable for the future needs of the State Government of Alaska; and to design a building which will be both adequate and appropriate for the state capitol. The writer, in order to produce a more meaningful thesis, made a personal investigation of the site. He spent a period of three months in Juneau, Alaska doing research and generally familiarizing himself with all aspects of the problem. The present congested character of the site makes it of paramount importance to provide as much open space as possible around the capitol group in order to let it be seen to best advantage. Attractively landscaped, the plazas at the base of the government buildings fulfill an important aesthetic function by providing a setting for the buildings. On the capitol site, several related plazas are developed with contrasting architectural masses. The contrast between the vertical office building and the horizontal Capitol creates a striking architectural composition. The balance between these two elements, gives the true impression of an underlying relationship of functional importance and symbolic significance. Taking advantage of the differences in the heights of the plazas, the development provides as much space as is practical for parking, trucking, and other service needs. The principle has been maintained that those people working daily at the capitol must have the benefit of sun and natural light, and a feeling of free space and verdure. Therefore, a skyscraper has been designed for the bureaucracy of the state. This building is designed to allow a flexible pattern of interior areas, which may be easily and economically rearranged to suit changing needs. Similarly, while the main building masses will determine the composition and use of the land area, much of the space can be kept free for future construction that may be in harmony with the pattern already laid down. Placed within the plazas the capitol buildings achieve their proper architectural importance. One hopes, therefore, that there may develop, as an extension of the city’s planning program, an urban environment of park, waterscape, and residences, a unit properly related to the state government buildings, and one which will create an effective setting for the capitol. There is a unique opportunity for creating a civic center, and for an urban reorganization of important parts of the city in tune with the hopes which are held by the farsighted men who have the development of Juneau, Capital of Alaska, in their hands. / Master of Science

New media technologies, especially social media, continue to challenge previous notions regarding agenda melding activities. Recent observations have been made during chaotic and turbulent conditions, where participants behave contradictory to what is expected by previous agenda setting and melding theories. This study attempts to examine the content shared amongst ordinary users on Twitter directly following a sudden crisis event, specifically the US Capitol riot from January 6th, 2021. This was done through a quantitative content analysis, where the agenda melding activities as well as rhetorical purpose were examined in order to observe ordinary users’ behaviours during the crisis event. Along with an open discussion regarding what this might entail for US democratic functions or relations, and a general invitation for future research regarding similar issues.    The results of this study showed further support for contradictory agenda melding activities in relation to a crisis event. Where instead of seeking out safety and agreement in the majority, users engaged in arguments, discussions and challenged each other’s views and opinions publicly online.   In examining the content following the Capitol riot, this study hopes to shed light on a subject of study that needs further exploring, as well as arguments for future development of previous theories.

The Capitol Stones in Washington DC's Rock Creek Park were a delight for urban explorers, a curiosity for historians, and a tangible connection for descendants of enslaved laborers who quarried, transported, and shaped them into the United States Capitol. Banished from the East Front of the Capitol in 1958, they have spent the last third of their existence "not quite dumped, but not quite preserved either" (Banville 2009). To the National Park Service, they are a liability; to the Architect of the Capitol, a resource. At the time of writing, the stones are being relocated to a secure government storage facility where they will be permanently locked away from public view. This thesis proposes an alternative: relocate the Capitol Stones to an adaptively reused factory at the Navy Yard, where they can be stored, visited, and studied in a cavernous daylit atrium. In addition to housing the stones, as part of this thesis the WWII era naval weapons factory features retail at ground level and residences on four stories above. To the north, the atrium recalls the park-like setting of the stones' recent past, while the southern end is a working space for masons training to preserve historic buildings constructed of the same Aquia Creek sandstone. Due to the Anacostia's shifting shoreline, the site of Building 202 is also a likely location of the wharf at which the Capitol Stones first arrived in the District after being floated upriver from their Stafford County quarry. This crucial moment is marked by a contemplative memorial which stands in memory of the enslaved laborers who, across various levels of skill, built the Capitol. On axis with the memorial, the Capitol's East Portico - the origin of the Capitol Stones - is remembered at full scale. / Master of Architecture / Seemingly abandoned behind a maintenance shed in Washington DC's Rock Creek Park was a large collection of intricately hand carved stones. Urban explorers, historians, and descendants of enslaved laborers knew them as the Capitol Stones, which formed the East Front of the United States Capitol from the 1820s to the 1950s. But much like they were evicted from the Capitol, the Stones are presently facing eviction from Rock Creek Park. At the time of writing, the stones are being relocated to a secure government storage facility where they will be permanently locked away from public view. But what if they could remain accessible? This thesis proposes the relocation of the Capitol Stones into the light-filled atrium of a WWII era naval weapons factory, formerly part of the Washington Navy Yard. The atrium is enveloped by retail and residential space, as well as a training center for apprentice masons learning to use the Capitol Stones as a quarry. Stripped of their original purpose, the Capitol Stones have found new value as replacement stones at the other historic buildings. The factory, Building 202, occupies dredged and filled land which at the time of the Capitol's construction was part of the Anacostia River and the likely site of Commissioner's Wharf, the pier at which the Capitol Stones were delivered from the Aquia Creek Quarry in Stafford County, VA. Recalling this pivotal occasion, the stones surround a contemplative memorial to enslaved laborers who built the Capitol. To the east of the memorial stands a life sized representation of the East Front of the Capitol, the origin of the Capitol Stones.

A new geologic map of the Twin Rocks 7.5 minute quadrangle primarily located within Capitol Reef National Park, south-central Utah, provides stratigraphic and structural detail not previously available. This map has also been instrumental in understanding the evolution and development of fluvial terraces associated with Sulfur Creek and the structural geology of the backlimb of the Miners Mountain uplift. Nine bedrock stratigraphic formations and eight types of Quaternary deposits were mapped throughout the quadrangle. Bedrock stratigraphy ranges in age from Permian to Jurassic. New details absent on previous geologic maps include members of the Chinle and Moenkopi Formations and the Jurassic Page Sandstone, a stratigraphic unit herein separated from the Navajo Sandstone. Terraces associated with Sulfur Creek record the central pathway of ancient streams rather than the lateral extent of the floodplain. Volcanic boulder-rich terrace deposits were likely created as stream channels were clogged with volcanic boulders and subsequently abandoned. The boulder-fill effectively armored the underlying softer bedrock. As the stream moved away from the abandoned, boulder-filled channel, it eroded and downcut into the adjacent softer mudstone bedrock, rather than eroding through the more resistant boulder alluvium. Thus, the abandoned boulder-filled channel becomes elevated relative to the stream. This inverted topography is preserved as elevated fluvial terrace deposits. This style of preservation of linear terraces developed over a broad area is in contrast to nearby terraces along the Fremont River which are preserved as "steps" cut into the resistant sandstones of the Glen Canyon Group along the Waterpocket Fold. These terraces have been used to identify changes in the location of Sulfur Creek through time. Kinematic analysis of structures in the backlimb of the uplift show a principle compressive stress orientation nearly perpendicular to the uplift axis and rotated 30° counter clockwise from the stress indicated by deformation bands measured in the forelimb. These data suggest that stress transmitted through the basement is partitioned and rotated in the backlimb, likely due to decoupling and differential slip in strata with low shear strength. Such decoupling would allow the stress to be rotated perpendicular to the resisting fold axis, rather than parallel to the far-field stress transmitted through the basement. Sandbox models produced in this study display boundary perpendicular structures similar to those measured in the backlimb of the Miners Mountain uplift.

呂振基. / 論文(哲學碩士)--香港中文大學硏究院歷史學部,1994. / 參考文獻: leaves [141]-155 / Lü Zhenji. / Chapter 第一章 --- 緒論 / Chapter 第二章 --- 築城運動與軍事化 / Chapter 第一節 --- 關於築城運動 / Chapter (一） --- 塢堡與存 / Chapter (二） --- 塢堡與城 / Chapter 第二節 --- 「築城運動」的軍事化傾向 / Chapter (一） --- 遊牧民族與築城 / Chapter (二） --- 城垣攻守戰術的出現 / Chapter 第三節 --- 小結 / Chapter 第三章 --- 異民族化與城坊制 / Chapter 第一節 --- 異民族化的背景：「胡漢民族線南移」 说 / Chapter 第二節 --- 徙胡與都城異民族化現象 / Chapter (一） --- 人口掠奪與胡人遷徙 / Chapter (二） --- 都城的異民族化 / Chapter (三） --- 州縣地方的異民族化 / Chapter 第三節 --- 城坊制的成立 / Chapter (一） --- 里與坊 / Chapter (二） --- 軍事控制與城坊 / Chapter (三） --- 平城與洛陽的城坊開築 / Chapter 第四節 --- 小結 / Chapter 第四章 --- 都城的軍事化設計 / Chapter 第一節 --- 曹魏後趙的鄴地與鄴都 / Chapter (一) --- 曹魏後趙時期鄴北城的形制 / Chapter (二） --- 鄴城的戰略地位與軍事佈防 / Chapter 第二節 --- 赫連夏的統萬城 / Chapter (一） --- 统萬城的建置與形制 / Chapter (二） --- 「蜣萬城堅」 / Chapter 第三節 --- 北魏的洛陽城 / Chapter (一） --- 金墉城的形制及作用 / Chapter (二） --- 洛陽城垣與金墉城牆馬面的建 築 / Chapter (三） --- 內外套城的設計 / Chapter (四） --- 關於洛陽小城的問題 / Chapter 第四節 --- 小結 / Chapter 第五章 --- 兩都制與都城交通網络 / Chapter 第一節 --- 君相分裂與兩都制 / Chapter (一） --- 曹魏的鄴城與洛陽 / Chapter (二） --- 高齊政權兩都的變化 / Chapter (三） --- 關中政權的君相分裂 / Chapter 第二節 --- 軍事化與兩都制 / Chapter (一） --- 後趙與後燕的兩都制 / Chapter (二） --- 北魏鄴城地區的戰略地位 / Chapter (三） --- 霸府的軍事性格 / Chapter 第三節 --- 都城網络的構成 / Chapter (一） --- 鄴城地區 / Chapter (二） --- 關中地區 / Chapter 第四節 --- 小结 / Chapter 第六章 --- 結論 / 参者書目