<p>This report describes a new foundation method and compares it with a traditional founding of concrete. This new method is called the Koljern technique and uses cellular glass which is called Foamglas. The Foamglas is compounded to founding elements by lightweight steel beams. Foamglas is an insulation material with high compressive strength, and is rot, insect, vermin and acid proof. The cellular glass is also fire proof and watertight, which makes it a very good construction material.</p><p>The report contains a study of a number of cases for which the Koljern technique is compared with a foundation of concrete. The comparison is based on the construction time and cost.</p><p>The results show that the Koljern technique shortens the construction time but it is more expensive than the concrete foundation. The higher cost is based upon the high material cost for the cellular glass. This is caused by the monopoly position of the Foamglas manufacturer.</p><p>The Koljern technique is recommended to be used where there is a shortage of time and an income is available after completion.</p> / <p>Arbetet utgår från en ny teknik att tillverka platta på mark som benämns Koljerntekniken. Istället för den traditionella armerade betongplattan har det utvecklats en ny grundläggningsmetod bestående av cellglas hopfogat med tunnplåtsprofiler. Cellglas är ett material tillverkat av skummat glas som har hög tryckhållfasthet, goda isoleringsegenskaper, icke fuktkänsligt samt att det ej är brännbart.</p><p>Rapporten utgörs av en jämförelse mellan den traditionella betongplattan och en platta i cellglas enligt Koljerntekniken med avseende på byggtid och kostnad. Denna jämförelse görs i form av fallstudier med avseende på variation av plattans storlek, isoleringsförmåga, klimatförhållande samt hållfasthetskrav.</p><p>För att möjliggöra fallstudierna har arbetsmomenten för de olika grundläggningsmetoderna framtagits där de även redovisar exempel på ingående enhetstid och kostnad.</p><p>Resultatet av jämförelsen visar att grundläggning med Koljerntekniken ger kortare byggtider men har idag en betydligt högre totalkostnad än den traditionella betongplattan. Den höga kostnaden för Koljerntekniken beror på de höga priserna på cellglas som idag har enbart en tillverkare. Användandet av Koljerntekniken motiveras i de fall där det ställs krav på en kort byggtid där en intäkt kan tas ut direkt efter färdigställning.</p>

This report describes a new foundation method and compares it with a traditional founding of concrete. This new method is called the Koljern technique and uses cellular glass which is called Foamglas. The Foamglas is compounded to founding elements by lightweight steel beams. Foamglas is an insulation material with high compressive strength, and is rot, insect, vermin and acid proof. The cellular glass is also fire proof and watertight, which makes it a very good construction material. The report contains a study of a number of cases for which the Koljern technique is compared with a foundation of concrete. The comparison is based on the construction time and cost. The results show that the Koljern technique shortens the construction time but it is more expensive than the concrete foundation. The higher cost is based upon the high material cost for the cellular glass. This is caused by the monopoly position of the Foamglas manufacturer. The Koljern technique is recommended to be used where there is a shortage of time and an income is available after completion. / Arbetet utgår från en ny teknik att tillverka platta på mark som benämns Koljerntekniken. Istället för den traditionella armerade betongplattan har det utvecklats en ny grundläggningsmetod bestående av cellglas hopfogat med tunnplåtsprofiler. Cellglas är ett material tillverkat av skummat glas som har hög tryckhållfasthet, goda isoleringsegenskaper, icke fuktkänsligt samt att det ej är brännbart. Rapporten utgörs av en jämförelse mellan den traditionella betongplattan och en platta i cellglas enligt Koljerntekniken med avseende på byggtid och kostnad. Denna jämförelse görs i form av fallstudier med avseende på variation av plattans storlek, isoleringsförmåga, klimatförhållande samt hållfasthetskrav. För att möjliggöra fallstudierna har arbetsmomenten för de olika grundläggningsmetoderna framtagits där de även redovisar exempel på ingående enhetstid och kostnad. Resultatet av jämförelsen visar att grundläggning med Koljerntekniken ger kortare byggtider men har idag en betydligt högre totalkostnad än den traditionella betongplattan. Den höga kostnaden för Koljerntekniken beror på de höga priserna på cellglas som idag har enbart en tillverkare. Användandet av Koljerntekniken motiveras i de fall där det ställs krav på en kort byggtid där en intäkt kan tas ut direkt efter färdigställning.

Från och med den 1 januari 2022 gäller lagen (2021:787) om klimatdeklaration vid uppförandet av nya byggnader. Detta ställer högre krav på de material som används vid uppförandet av byggnader. Studiens syfte är att undersöka och jämföra klimatpåverkan och energiförbrukning för två olika husgrunder med hjälp av en livscykelanalys och energiberäkningar. Studien har bedrivits som en fallstudie där två specifika grundsättningar har undersökts. Där den ena utgörs av inneluftsventilerad krypgrund som är uppförd på en mur ståendes på en grundsula. Konstruktionen skapar ett uppvärmt utrymme under byggnaden. Den andra grundsättning är en Koljerngrund som är av typen golv på mark, men i stället för betong används cellglas. Både kvantitativ och kvalitativ metod har använts i studien. Studiens resultat visar att krypgrunden har en lägre klimatpåverkan än Koljerngrunden. Vidare visar studiens resultat på att Koljerngrunden har lägre värmeförluster vilket därmed gör att den förbrukar mindre energi. / As of the first of January 2022, a new law requires a climate declaration for new buildings. This law places higher demands on the materials used in the construction on new buildings. The aim of this study is to investigate and compare the climate impact and the energy consumption of two different house foundations. The study is conducted with a life cycle analysis and with energy calculations. The study has been made as a case study with two specific foundations, where one consists of an indoor air ventilated crawl space that’s built on a wall standing on a base sole. The construction creates a warm space under the building. The other, a foundation created by Koljern Nordic, is a type of slab-on-ground floor. Instead of concrete, cellular glass is used. Both quantitative and qualitative methods have been used. The results shows that suspended floor has lower climate impact than slab-on-ground floor with Koljern. The results also shows that slab-on-ground by Koljern has lower heat loss which leads to a reduced consumption of energy.

This bachelor essay is divided into two parts, the first being a construction of a single-family house and the second an in-depth study of five different isolation materials, analysed from an energy perspective. The first part, the construction of the single-family house, has been created from knowledge acquired during three years of studying at KTH Royal institute of Technology in Stockholm, in the program Architecture and the Built Environment. The constructed house is a one-floor house of 137m 2with façade plaster, situated in Borlänge, Sweden. The house has a wooden frame which is built on a on sight cast concrete foundation, on the ground. The house’s roof is a gable roof, which has an angle of 24 degrees. The roofing is tile. The house is heated by underfloor heating connected to a geothermal heating pump and the ventilation is controlled by a FTXsystem. A specific energy requirement was set up so secure that an energy efficient construction was chosen. The reason for the topic of the study (isolation materials), is due to the increase of demands put on the energy economizing and climate aware, both from the building industry and society at large. The purpose was to investigate whether there are better alternatives than the traditional mineral wool isolation, when looking at energy efficiency. The depth study was based on both literatures on the subject and product information. From this a comparison of the five materials was made. The premises considered where: energy efficiency; price i.e. investment costs; energy release from manufacturing the material, and energy consumption during 25 years of a mortar phase. The comparison is divided between energy comparison and a calculation of the costs. The comparison was further divided by first looking at a scenario where the wall structures U-value is constant and a varying isolation thickness; and then the isolation thickness was constant and the U-value was varied. From this conclusions about the suitability of the materials were drawn. Stone wool was the material found most suitable when calculations where finished, and therefore it was chosen to be the isolation in the constructed single-family house.

The purpose of this study is to compare a concrete slab on ground with a Koljernfoundation based on the given aspects of climate impact, cost, and time. The goal of the study is to identify obstacles and opportunities for the construction industry to use alternatives to concrete slab in new construction of low-rise buildings. Currently, the construction and real estate sector account for 20 % of Sweden's greenhouse gas emissions. Concrete and steel contribute significantly to emissions and are materials that are included in concrete slabs, which is why the Koljernfoundation which consists of cellular glas and steel studs could be one of the solutions required to achieve climate neutrality. To achieve the purpose, a literature study has been conducted to create an overview of the foundation’s structures. A case study has been made to investigate the three aspects, and interviews have been held. The results showed that a concrete slab has about twice the emissions of a Koljernfoundation for the A1-A3 product stage. Therefore, the conclusion is that the Koljernfoundation is the most suitable option for the foundation of a low-rise building from a climate perspective. The time aspect is investigated for the first time in this study and the results show that the Koljernfoundation can make the building process more time-efficient if there is no problem during the installation of the foundation. The results also show that for concreate slabs, the material cost is significantly lower than for the Koljernfoundation.

Concrete is one of the most used materials and is a significant part of current construction due to the material’s good properties. However, there is also something very negative about concrete, the emissions at production stage. The purpose of this study is to examine if the traditional concrete foundation method can be replaced with an alternative foundation method that contain less concrete and therefore decrease the climate impact. The two alternative foundation methods are the Koljern-foundation and the Klara-foundation. A two-story example building was used to compare the foundation methods. To reach the result of the study, different methods of calculation were performed. The climate impact of the foundations was calculated with the calculation software BM 1.0 and the carrying capacity were calculated with EPS PEPS. The result of the study shows that the alternative foundation methods have similar properties to the traditional concrete foundation and that they decrease the climate impact by 10% for the Koljern-foundation and 60% for the Klara-foundation in relation to the traditional concrete foundation.  The conclusion of the study is that both the alternative foundation methods can be used as replacement for the traditional concrete foundation method for two story buildings, and that the alternative foundation methods decrease the climate impact.

Concrete is widely used in modern construction, particularly for building foundations. However, the materials included in concrete constructions have a significant negative impact on the environment. To mitigate this, the construction industry must explore more environmentally friendly alternatives. This study focuses on a relatively new technique called the Koljern foundation, which replaces traditional reinforced concrete slabs with a combination of cellular glass and lightweight steel beams. The cellular glass used in this technique is made up of approximately 60% recycled glass and possesses excellent insulation and strength properties. The report compares the cost and environmental impact of the traditional concrete slab with the Koljern foundation. Other factors considered in this study includes construction time, waste, and potential for reuse. A case study was conducted on a preschool building in Gunsta, serving as a reference for the analysis. Climate and cost calculations were performed using Bidcon software, along with manual calculations. The Gunsta preschool utilized green concrete for its foundation slab, and this is also included in the comparison to provide a broader perspective. The results demonstrate that opting for a Koljern foundation reduces environmental impact by 50% compared to a traditional concrete foundation, although costs increase by 103%. When compared to green concrete, the Koljern foundation has a nearly 42% lower carbon footprint but incurs a cost increase of 101%. Green concrete has a nearly 13% lower carbon footprint compared to traditional concrete. The price difference between green and traditional concrete is only 1%, with green concrete being the more expensive option. Furthermore, the Koljern foundation generates minimal waste due to the prefabrication of Koljern elements by Evia AB. In conclusion, the result of the study shows that a slab-on-grade foundation using the Koljern technique can be a possible alternative to the traditional concrete solution, depending on the specific project's objectives and goals. Despite higher costs, the Koljern foundation greatly reduces environmental impact, construction time, and enables high reusability.