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Our behavior and our lifestyle habits are the foundation of our health, they affect the risk of developing non-communicable diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Today these non- communicable diseases are the leading cause of death. The Västerbotten Intervention Program (VIP) is one of very few population-oriented initiatives which, by offering all individuals aged 40, 50 and 60 a health intervention, aims to improve behavior and lifestyle habits in the population and thus increase the conditions for a healthier population and reduce healthcare related costs. The individual health interventions, performed every tenth year, was not designed to support individuals’ choices on a day-to-day basis between the health check-ups. Therefore, STAR-C an interdisciplinary research program, aims at developing a digital coaching system that could be used for supplying personalized digital coaching to support the evaluation and maintenance of healthy behavioral changes. This digital coaching system could, in the future, be used as complementary tool within VIP. The purpose of this study is to further explore these complements of a digital coach. This study presents a user-perspective from semi-structured interviews with VIP-participants and their views on a digital coach, what digital coach functions that could be useful and what kind of benefits this till could have being used as a complement to VIP. The results show that VIP-participants are missing tools for behavioral change support, and that factors such as personalization, motivation to and support during a behavioral change is important. Most important, for the participants in this study, was that a digital coach must be easy to use and user friendly.

The purpose of this thesis is to demonstrate the evolution of product semantics and its options in interactive system's design. This paper focuses on characteristics the emerge of product semantics and areas from which it derives. It also describes current methods of testing usability of interfaces that are optimalized by product semantics. Analyticcal part consists from interface analysis, testing using knowledge from product semantics and evaluation. Conclusion of this thesis is devoted to a concept proposal of design methodology using the knowledge from product semantics.

I denna studien undersöktes det om det går att använda produktdesign för att minska stressen för mammor vid offentlig amning. Syftet med studien var att hjälpa mammor att stressa ned och målet var att ta fram ett designförslag i form av en produkt för att uppfylla syftet.För att kunna lyckas med detta har användarcentrerad design legat till grund. Metoderna som använts är intervju, observation och enkät, och dessa gjordes på målgruppen nyblivna mammor. Vidare har studien krävt en marknadsundersökning för att se vilka produkter som redan existerar på marknaden. Även normkreativ design har använts för dels att uppmärksamma vilka problem som kan uppstå vid offentlig amning och samtidigt rikta kritik mot samhället för de alltför utbredda attityder om amning och dels för att föra studien framåt med hjälp av idégenereringar. Slutsatsen är, att det att behöva visa sig inför andra är den största orsaken till stress för mammorna vid amning. Självklart känner inte alla mammor så, men enligt flertalet av respondenterna i denna studien var detta deras största bekymmer när de vistades i andra miljöer än hemmet. Slutprodukten är ett designförslag på hur detta problemet skulle kunna lösas. Då alla individer är olika och har olika krav och åsikter kan inte en produkt behövas till alla, men enligt studien finns det en målgrupp för produkten. / This study examines whether product design can be used to reduce the stress for mothers during public breastfeeding. The purpose of the study was to help mothers to stress down, and the goal was to produce a design proposal in the form of a product with the purpose to succeed in this.In order to succeed, user-centered design has been the basis for the used methods, utilizing interviews, observations and questionnaires. this have been performed on the target group consisting of new mothers. Furthermore, the study has required a market research to see which products already exist on the market. Norm creativity design has also been used to pay attention to the problem of public breast-feeding and to criticize the society regarding the current attitudes on this, but also to help progression of the study by creation of ideas.In conclusion the biggest cause of stress for the mothers during public breastfeeding is having to bare yourself in the company of others. Of course, it is not a problem for all mothers, but in this study the majority of the respondents on whom the study is based, had dread of this. The end product is a design proposal on how this problem could be solved. Since all individuals are different, have different requirements and opinions, not all are in need of such a product, but according to the study there is a target group needing such help.

Sveriges befolkning ökar och det föds allt fler barn. Detta skapar ett stort tryck på förskoleplatser och kommunerna tvingas starta nya avdelningar och förskolor i lokaler som inte är anpassade till antalet barn. Hörselskador, stress, kommunikationssvårigheter och sömnsvårigheter är några av de följder som både barn och vuxna kan få av att exponeras i för höga bullernivåer.Studien syftar till att undersöka hur produktdesign kan användas för att minska bullret på förskolor. Studien har använt sig av en användarcentrerad designprocess där målgruppen, barnen och pedagogerna på förskolan, varit involverade genom hela arbetet.Det teoretiska ramverket innehåller buller, buller inom förskolan, förskolans inomhusmiljö och användarcentrerad design. Till det empiriska arbetet gjordes observationer, frågeformulär och intervjuer med målgruppen. Resultatet visar att de högsta bullernivåerna kommer från barnen själva och lokalerna som de vistas i, vid tillfällen mellan aktiviteter. Det slutliga produktförslaget är ett ljuddämpande pusselmoln som har flera funktioner och syftar till att underhålla barnen vid bland annat väntetid mellan aktiviteter. Studiens slutsats visar att det finns utvecklingsmöjligheter kring ljuddämpande produkter. / Sweden’s population is increasing, and more children are born. This creates great pressure on preschool places and the municipalities are forced to start new departments. Preschools in premises that are not adopted to the number of children. Hearing damage, stress, communication difficulties and difficulty sleeping are some of the consequences that both children and adults can get from being exposed to excessive noise levels. The study aims to investigate how product design can be used to reduce the noise in preschools. The study has used a user-centered design process in which the target group, the children and the educators, have been involved throughout the work.The theoretical framework contains backgroundnoise, within the preschool, the preschool’s physical environment and user-centered design. The empirical work consisted of observations, questionnaires and interviews with the target group. The result shows that the highest noise levels come from the children themselves and the premises in which they are staying, on occasions between activities. The final product proposal is a sound-absorbing puzzle cloud that has several functions and aims to entertain the children during, among other things, waiting time between activities. The study’s conclusion shows that there are development opportunities for sound-absorbing products.

Overconsumption is one of the reasons why our natural resources are running out faster thanever. However, the word overconsumption can be interpreted in different ways. Thus, it thecore meaning is, the excessive consumption of redundant belongings. The purpose of thisthesis is to research how people consume today, and what can be done to reduce thoseneedless purchases. It will specifically focus on the clothes since that is one of the things thatnot only affects the environment but it can be ethically immoral for the people whomanufacture the clothes.Through research and findings, a prototype will be created in order to study if that can be asolution for people’s excessive consumptions. It will investigate if a digital interactivesolution can impact people to consume less or at least make them rethink about sustainableand ethically made items.

Digital technologies are becoming increasingly common tools in our daily lives. We use it for finding information, but also to communicate with people all over the world. With a vision to strengthen Swedish healthcare's digital resources, Sweden has made major efforts in this area. Improved living conditions have changed the demographic situation as people grow older, which in turn places higher demands on healthcare efficiency. Being able to meet these demands has made digitalization of healthcare increasingly important, but also demonstrating new challenges such as participation, transparency and usability. The purpose of this study has been to investigate if communicative tools can be created to facilitate nurses work with person-centred care and to enhance patients' positive experiences of their own care. The study is based on interviews and observations with nurses working within orthopaedic sections and employees working in facility management as well as administration within the hospital. The results show that digital solutions can be effective tools for enhancing person-centered care, but with automated solutions the physical encounter between nurses and patients can be reduced. The concepts that have been developed are two mobile applications. They were developed with the intention to make it easier for nurses to document and communicate patients' activity and care plans.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Community Health Centers (CHCs) play a pivotal role in delivery of primary healthcare to the underserved, yet have not benefited from a modern data analytics platform that can support clinical, operational and financial decision making across the continuum of care. This research is based on a systems redesign collaborative of seven CHC organizations spread across Indiana to improve efficiency and access to care. Three research questions (RQs) formed the basis of this research, each of which seeks to address known knowledge gaps in the literature and identify areas for future research in health informatics. The first RQ seeks to understand the information needs to support operations at CHCs and implement an information architecture to support those needs. The second RQ leverages the implemented data infrastructure to evaluate how advanced analytics can guide open access scheduling – a specific use case of this research. Finally, the third RQ seeks to understand how the data can be visualized to support decision making among varying roles in CHCs. Based on the unique work and information flow needs uncovered at these CHCs, an end to-end analytics solution was designed, developed and validated within the framework of a rapid learning health system. The solution comprised of a novel heterogeneous longitudinal clinic data warehouse augmented with big data technologies and dashboard visualizations to inform CHCs regarding operational priorities and to support engagement in the systems redesign initiative. Application of predictive analytics on the health center data guided the implementation of open access scheduling and up to a 15% reduction in the missed appointment rates. Performance measures of importance to specific job profiles within the CHCs were uncovered. This was followed by a user-centered design of an online interactive dashboard to support rapid assessments of care delivery. The impact of the dashboard was assessed over time and formally validated through a usability study involving cognitive task analysis and a system usability scale questionnaire. Wider scale implementation of the data aggregation and analytics platform through regional health information networks could better support a range of health system redesign initiatives in order to address the national ‘triple aim’ of healthcare.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(情報学) / 甲第17921号 / 情博第503号 / 新制||情||89(附属図書館) / 30741 / 京都大学大学院情報学研究科社会情報学専攻 / (主査)教授 石田 亨, 教授 田中 克己, 教授 黒橋 禎夫 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Informatics / Kyoto University / DFAM