This paper is a summary of the methods and key results of my analysis of 7,997 sherds from 14 sites in Beef Basin, Utah. I discuss physical attributes of the collection, the results of mean ceramic dating, the results of neutron activation analysis, and the results of refiring a sample of nips in an oxidizing atmosphere. I briefly summarize the architecture at each site , as well as possible Fremont cultural material found in and near Beef Basin. I conclude that Beef Basin was likely occupied in the early Pueblo III period and that the occupation was sudden and brief. I determined that paste color can be used as a general indicator of clay procurement locale north of the Abajo Mountains, just as it is in the Comb Ridge vicinity (Glowacki et al. 2015), that there was ceramic production in Beef Basin using local materials, and that the people of Beef Basin had similar connections as, or connections with the east of the Comb Ridge area, as evinced by similar sources for light-paste ceramics found in both areas.

This paper is a summary of the methods and key results of my analysis of 7,997 sherds from 14 sites in Beef Basin, Utah. I discuss physical attributes of the collection, the results of mean ceramic dating, the results of neutron activation analysis, and the results of refiring a sample of nips in an oxidizing atmosphere. I briefly summarize the architecture at each site , as well as possible Fremont cultural material found in and near Beef Basin. I conclude that Beef Basin was likely occupied in the early Pueblo III period and that the occupation was sudden and brief. I determined that paste color can be used as a general indicator of clay procurement locale north of the Abajo Mountains, just as it is in the Comb Ridge vicinity (Glowacki et al. 2015), that there was ceramic production in Beef Basin using local materials, and that the people of Beef Basin had similar connections as, or connections with the east of the Comb Ridge area, as evinced by similar sources for light-paste ceramics found in both areas.

Le bassin d'Avant-Pays Andin de Bolivie, situé à l'Est de la Cordillère des Andes, couvre une superficie de près de 500.000 km2 et présente une épaisseur de sédiments dépassant 6500 m dans sa partie proximale. L étude présentée se fonde sur l'analyse d'affleurements, de données de forages et de sismique 2D obtenus au cours de l'exploration pétrolière du bassin. Le remplissage du bassin provient essentiellement de l'érosion des formations paléozoïques et mésozoïques de la Cordillère Orientale. La structuration et l'intensité de la déformation de la chaîne se traduisent par un système de séquences grano et strato-croissantes qui caractérise la période Oligocène à Actuel. Les unités stratigraphiques caractérisent 5 périodes tectoniques: 10 Période Oligocène supérieur-Miocène inférieur: Formations Petaca, Areniscas Superiores-Transici6n, Naranjillos et Bala, cette dernière constituant un équivalent latéral septentrional de la Formation Petaca ; 2° Période Miocène moyen-supérieur: Formation Yecua ; 3° Période Miocène supérieur-Pliocène: Fonnations Tariquia et Quendeque; 4° Période Pliocène: Formations Guandacayet Charqui ; 5° Période Pliocène supérieur-Quaternaire : Formations Emborozu et Tutumo. La géométrie récente du bassin est contrôlée par la paléogéographie et par le bâti structural ancien dont les structures ont été réactivées durant les déformations tertiaires. La partie proximale du système constitue le Subandin et le Piedmont, cependant que la plaine Chaco-Beni représente la partie très faiblement déformée, voire non déformée, du bassin en direction de l'Est. Dans la partie centrale et distale du bassin, la zone du BoomerangChapare est contrôlée par un système de fractures transpressives subverticales. La succession Phanérozoïque et le socle Précambrien sont impliqués dans la déformation. Les effets de l'érosion et les discordances progressives de la série phanérozoïque sont bien caractérisés y compris dans la partie la plus proximale du bassin (Subandin et Piedmont). La génération, l'expulsion, la migration et le piégeage des hydrocarbures qui se sont effectués dans le bassin sont essentiellement liés aux événements tectono-sédimentaires des derniers 6 Ma. La génération des hydrocarbures a comporté au minimum deux étapes qui expliquent que différentes qualités et différentes origines d' hydrocarbures puissent être rencontrées dans une même structure; la première est liée à des roches-mères du Silurien-Dévonien inférieur et la seconde à des roches-mères du Dévonien moyen-supérieur.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-06-02T22:29:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FlaviaMolLanna_DISSERT.pdf: 2377354 bytes, checksum: 0fe56f07a87578273cda933a22b3a564 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-06-08T22:58:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FlaviaMolLanna_DISSERT.pdf: 2377354 bytes, checksum: 0fe56f07a87578273cda933a22b3a564 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-08T22:58:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FlaviaMolLanna_DISSERT.pdf: 2377354 bytes, checksum: 0fe56f07a87578273cda933a22b3a564 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-21 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Quais os processos e mecanismos respons?veis pela diversifica??o das esp?cies? Essa ? uma quest?o antiga que tem sido revolucionada com o avan?o tecnol?gico, computacional e metodol?gico, e tem sido agora compreendida de uma forma que antes n?o era poss?vel. A filogeografia ? uma multidisciplina que utiliza ferramentas derivadas da biogeografia, filogenia molecular e gen?tica de popula??es para entender o contexto da distribui??o dos genes no tempo e espa?o. O presente estudo utiliza an?lises filogen?ticas e filogeogr?ficas para inferir os processos determinantes na diversifica??o de lagartos do g?nero Lygodactylus nas Florestas Tropicais Sazonalmente Secas (FTSS) da Am?rica do Sul. No primeiro cap?tulo n?s investigamos as rela??es entre os Lygodactylus Sul Americanos, buscando entender a influ?ncia do Arco Pleistoc?nico em sua diversifica??o e se essas esp?cies representam um grupo monofil?tico. Atrav?s de an?lises filogen?ticas e de delimita??o de esp?cie, n?s recuperamos o monofiletismo do grupo quando comparado com as esp?cies Africanas e reconhecemos L. klugei como um complexo de esp?cies cr?pticas. N?s sugerimos o aumento de duas para cinco esp?cies de Lygodactylus na Am?rica do Sul. O tempo de diverg?ncia entre L. klugei e as esp?cies candidatas end?micas das FTSSs n?o foi congruente com a hip?tese do Arco Pleistoc?nico. Por?m, a fragmenta??o das FTSS pode ter influenciado na diverg?ncia de L. wetzeli e uma esp?cie candidata end?mica de um enclave de FTSS no Cerrado (S?o Domingos, regi?o do Vale do Paran?). No segundo cap?tulo investigamos a diversifica??o dentro da Caatinga, testando o papel do rio S?o Francisco (RSF) como barreira geogr?fica nesse bioma. Utilizamos um lagarto end?mico dessa regi?o (L. klugei) como modelo de estudo. N?s delimitamos as poss?veis linhagens, investigamos as rela??es filogen?ticas entre elas, a hist?ria de difus?o espa?otemporal e, para testar a hip?tese do rio (barreira para fluxo g?nico), n?s utilizamos uma an?lise de migra??o. N?s recuperamos duas linhagens estruturadas de acordo com o RSF: uma ao norte e outra ao sul do rio. A diverg?ncia dessas linhagens ocorreu ? 295 mil anos atr?s, congruente com a mudan?a do curso do RSF para seu atual curso. N?o encontramos influ?ncia do paleocurso do RSF na estrutura??o de L. klugei. / Which processes and mechanisms are responsible for species diversification? This old question has been revolutionized with technological, computational and methodological advancements, and is now being understood in a way that was previously not possible. Phylogeography is a multidiscipline that uses tools derived from biogeography, molecular phylogeny, and population genetics to understand the context of gene distribution in time and space. The present study uses phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses to infer determinant processes in the diversification of the lizard genus Lygodactylus in Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests (SDTF) in South America. In the first chapter we investigate the relationships among South American Lygodactylus species, seeking to understand the influence of the Pleistocenic Arc on its diversification and whether these species represent a monophyletic group. Through phylogenetics and species delimitation analyses we recovered the monophyly of the group in relation to African species and recognized L. klugei as a cryptic species complex. We suggest that Lygodactylus in South America actually comprises five species instead of two. The divergence time among L. klugei and candidate species endemic to SDTFs was not congruent with the Pleistocenic Arc Hypothesis. However, we suggest that the fragmentation of SDTFs likely influenced the divergence of L. wetzeli, and of a candidate species endemic to a SDTF enclave within the Cerrado biome (S?o Domingos, Vale do Paran? region). In the second chapter we investigate the diversification within the Caatinga, testing the role of the S?o Francisco River (SFR) as a prominent geographic barrier. We used a lizard endemic to this region (L. klugei) as study model. We delimited the existent lineages, investigated the genetic relationships between them, the spatio-temporal diffusion history, and used a migration analysis to test the riverine hypothesis (barrier to gene flow). We recovered two lineages structured in respect to the SFR: a northern and a southern one. Lineage divergence occurred 295 kya, congruent with the course change of the SFR to its current position. We found no influence of the paleo-SFR on L. klugei structure.

Ecrivaine bolivienne des années 30 - oubliée jusqu'aux années 90- Hilda Mundy s'est fait connaître notamment à la fin de la guerre du Chaco (1932-1935) et dans l'immédiat après-Guerre comme chroniqueuse humoristique à Oruro, sa ville natale. Ses chroniques sont autant d'exemples d'une écriture des moeurs, critique et satirique de la bonne société de son temps et notamment à l'égard d'une morale hypocrite et bigote. Satire des puissants, les écrits d'Hilda Mundy viseront également les travers et les scandales de la vie politique de l'époque ainsi que la montée du militarisme qui se profilait à la fin de la guerre ; ceci marquera le destin de l'écrivaine sous le signe de la censure. Son seul livre Pirotecnia, ensayo miedoso de literatura ultraista, publié à La Paz en 1936, est la suite de cette écriture des formes brèves, centrée sur la désacralisation des symboles du pouvoir. Les thèmes de la ville moderne, de la technique, du jeu et de l'attaque contre la tradition, présents aussi dans ses écrits parus dans la presse, constituent l'univers avant-Gardiste de Pirotecnia. Mouvement et méfiance sont au coeur de cette littérature moderne qui dit moi. Le moi de l'écriture mundyenne, riche de son hétéronymie, est porteur d'un projet poétique propre à une esthétique des arts scéniques où le masque dont on parle le plus est celui de la parole. / A Bolivian writer in the thirty's - forgotten until the 90's - Hilda Mundy became known especially at the end of the Chaco War (1932-1935) and in the immediate post-War period as a humouristic columnist in Oruro, the town where she was born. All her columns are instances of a literature of manners, on which she turns a critical and satirical eye. Her remarks on hypocritical and sanctimonious moral standards of her time are particularly scathing. Hilda Mundy's texts satirize the powerful and target the faults and scandals of political life, and the rise of militarism which was looming at the end of the war. This marked the destiny of the writer under the sign of censure. Her only book, Pirotecnia, ensayo miedoso de literatura ultraista, published in La Paz in 1936 remains loyal to this type of writing, favouring short texts and focused on deconsecration of power symbols. The themes of the modern city, of technology, games and gambling and the attack on tradition, which are also present in her press articles, made up the avant-Garde universe of Pirotecnia. Movement and mistrust are at the heart of this modern literature, which is written in the first person. The self of Hilda Mundy's writing is enriched by its heteronymy and continues a poetic project related to an aesthetics of scenic arts, where the most important mask is that of language.

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Plant macrofossils from packrat middens in two southeastern Utah caves outline development of modern plant zonation from the late Wisconsin. Allen Canyon Cave (2195 m) and Fishmouth Cave (1585 m) are located along a continuous gradient of outcropping Navajo Sandstone that extends from the Abajo Mountains south to the San Juan River. By holding the site constant, changes in the floral composition for a plot of less than one hectare can be observed, even if sporadically, over tens of millennia. At Allen Canyon Cave, engelmann spruce-alpine fir forest was replaced by the present vegetation consisting of pinyon-juniper woodland on exposed ridgetops and cliffside stands of Douglas fir, ponderosa pine, and aspen. Xerophytic woodland plants such as pinyon, Plains prickly pear, and narrowleaf yucca arrived sometime in the middle Holocene between 7200 and 3400 B.P. At Fishmouth Cave, Utah juniper in Holocene middens replaced blue spruce, limber pine, Douglas fir, and dwarf and Rocky Mountain junipers in late Wisconsin samples. Disharmonious associations for the late Wisconsin occur only at the lower site with the xerophytes Mormon tea, Plains prickly pear, and narrowleaf yucca growing alongside subalpine conifers. One possible explanation involves the late Wisconsin absence of ponderosa and pinyon pines from the Colorado Plateaus. Released from competition at their lower limits, subalpine conifers were able to expand into lower elevations and mix with xerophytic plants found today in understories of pinyon-juniper and ponderosa pine woodlands. Quantitative climatic estimates are derived for the late Wisconsin by applying vertical lapse rates for temperature and precipitation to the amount of vegetation depression. The Fishmouth Cave sequence indicates a minimum lowering of 850 m for blue spruce, limber pine, and dwarf juniper. A depression of at least 700 m for engelmann spruce and alpine fir is suggested for the Allen Canyon locality. Use of conservatively low lapse rates for stations below 2080 m yields a 3-4°C cooling from present mean annual temperature and 35 to 60 percent more rainfall than today. Steeper lapse rates associated with more mountainous terrain suggest a 5°C lowering in temperature and up to 120 percent increase over modern precipitation.