On the field of social services devoted to children with health handicaps and their families there have been recently established lots of new organizations. So it has been becoming more and more up to date topic. The aim of this thesis, named Expectations of parents about the social services provided by Kaňka o.p.s. Tábor, is to find out actual information whether the parents´ expectations identify with providing of these services. Within this thesis there has been defined the following research question: Do the parents´ expectations correspond with the social services provided? The thesis has been divided into the theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part has been devoted to the sphere of family, the family surroundings which has been the foundation stone of the life of the children with health handicaps. It is also devoted to parents of children with health handicaps in context of social services provided, characteristic of these families according to the law No. 108/2006 about the social services. There has been specified the social service of early care, personal assistance and day care centre offered by the Kaňka o.p.s. Tábor institution. There have been also mentioned particular therapies realized for the children with health handicaps. The therapies seem to be meaningful for these children at least because the children calm down, entertain, relax and develop during them. There have also been mentioned variety of special aids often used during the activities with these children, which make the care easier not only to the families but to all persons taking care of these children. You can also find there some non-profit institutions in the southern Bohemia region, which provide similar services as Kaňka o.p.s. Tábor does. And last but not least the theoretical part is devoted to the term Expectation itself - what do parents expect of the social services mingled with individual planning of social services, thanks to which the particular organization can be better joined in the process of expectations of the social services. The empirical part deals with the institution Kaňka o.p.s. Tábor with respect to the social services provided to the families of children with health handicaps, who attend this institution. There have besides other things been engaged the other services provided by the institution Kaňka o.p.s. That means therapeutic activities, free time activities, rehabilitation integration stays, one-time activities etc. This part has been enriched with the basic case history of individual clients whose families were part of the research. According to these case histories it is more obvious which clients with a health handicap really attend the institution Kaňka o.p.s. In view of the determined aim there was chosen the qualitative research strategy, the method of asking questions, and the technique of half-structured dialogue. The research was realized in the Kaňka o.p.s. Tábor institution and there were involved twenty respondents. For this research there was chosen the method of intentional choice, that means ten parents of children who attend the Kaňka o.p.s. institution and use the social services there and ten parents of children who also attend this institution and not only use the social services, but also the compulsory education. In the thesis there were determined the spheres of questions relating to the given issues of expectation of the social services provided by Kaňka o.p.s. Tábor. During the data processing, systematization and interpretation there was used selective coding within the method of the contents analysis. There were created categories which facilitate the organization and classification of the data. The result of the thesis has shown that in the research there were involved predominantly women in the age from 40 to 50 and most of them were mothers of the children.

The thesis aims to provide a comprehensive survey of history and activities of ladies´ society called Ludmila. This society left its mark on the history of the city by its charitable activities, which aided the poor school children, and by establishing and funding schools for girls and a boarding school for girls in České Budějovice. The thesis is divided into six chapters. The first two chapters generally outline the social, cultural and political milieu in České Budějovice, the legislation and ladies´societies in the Czech lands in the period 1850-1950. The third chapter deals with formation of the society Ludmila and its statutes. The fourth chapter presents an analysis of its structure and biographies of its members, including a short profile of Jana Zátková, the chairman of this ladies´society. The fifth chapter treats the activities of the ladies´ society and the closing part of the thesis describes the imposed dissolution, which put an end to beneficial activities of ladies´ society called Ludmila in 1950.

The objective of this research was to describe the extent to which Gift Annuity Agreements were used by United States higher education institutions in raising private philanthropic support during the period 1988-93.

The use of private sources in nongovernmental nonprofit organizations funding is a very topical issue that needs to be addressed for the successful, effective and long-term functioning of such organizations. This diploma thesis - Methods and techniques of private funding of nongovernmental nonprofit organizations - is focused on fundraising in terms of both its theoretical ground and the practical use. Fundraising is introduced as an integral part of the routine activities of nonprofit organizations that helps to ensure sufficient funds for implementing the organizations' mission. This thesis discusses the theoretical ground for fundraising as a separate field, including the legislative framework for nongovernmental nonprofit organizations in the Czech Republic. The specifics of individual private donors when obtaining adequate funds are also distinguished. It further describes the use of specific methods and techniques of fundraising practice. The research part provides insight into areas of private funding by searching for examples of corporate fundraising best practices in selected foundation subjects in the social sphere.

The theological basis for the charitable activities of the Christian Church. The thesis focuses on the charitable work of the Christian Church today known as Diakonia, characterised as a service of love to others, which is currently considered one of the key, i.e. constitutive elements, of the fundamental structure of the Church. Based on analyses of the relations between theological disciplines, particularly Biblical, systematic theology and Christian social ethics, it identifies the Christian Church's idea of charity as the communion of love in the service of those who suffer. A fundamental defining characteristic of the Diakonia charity is God's love and the structure of the assessment system that unfolds from it that is specific and essential for the Christian Church. Keywords Charitable work, Diakonia, service of love, Christian social ethics, Catholic social teaching

Chapter one: The influence of charitable activity on Indigenous communities’ well-being and other socio-economic outcomes Hitherto and within the Canadian context, no one has investigated the role played by the charitable sector on the economic well-being for “on-reserve” First Nations and Inuit communities. On the one hand, Indigenous peoples face longstanding and complex social problems and economic hardships. On the other hand, there are charities which provide public goods and services and benefits to communities by helping to fill needs. This is the first study to examine how the presence of charities may affect some measurable socio-economic outcomes of Indigenous communities and their people, by triangulating data from multiple sources: administrative data from the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) on registered charities, the 2001 and 2006 Census Surveys, the 2011 National Household Survey and the Community Well-Being (CWB) Index developed by the Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada (AANDC). My findings indicate that having access to at least one charity is associated with increases in a community well-being measure of 3 points on a 100-point scale, in household income (5.1%) and in individual’s wages (6.9%). When the number of charities increases in a reserve by one unit, the CWB rises by 1.1 points (on the 100-point scale), household income by 2.7%, individuals’ total income by 1.9% and individuals’ wages by 3.4%. Chapter two: Government funding to Indigenous charities The government is an important revenue source for charitable organizations in Canada. Big differences in public funding can be observed across registered charities that serve Indigenous peoples and all other registered charities. Using charitable organizations’ tax returns, the T3010 Registered Charity Information Return for the years 2003 to 2017 I investigate these government-funding patterns. I test different hypothesis on financial support from government sources by discerning first between Indigenous and non-Indigenous charities, and second between Indigenous charities on reserve and off reserve. I also analyze the relationship between the funding across levels to see if one level of government funding is contingent on other levels. The results of my study point to a higher likelihood of Indigenous charities receiving government support as compared to non-Indigenous charities, with a 24% increase in the predicted probability of funding. Indigenous charities on reserve have a predicted probability of receiving government funding that is almost 17% lower than those off reserve. From the exploration of the link between the three levels of Canadian government funding for Indigenous and non-Indigenous charities two insights emerge. Firstly, the federal government is more likely to support Indigenous charities if they do not receive any other public funds, and the provincial government supports them if they do not get any municipal funding. Secondly, Indigenous charities are more likely than non-Indigenous charities to get both federal and provincial funding, and federal and municipal funding. The comparison between Indigenous charities off reserve and on reserve reveals that the on-reserve ones are less likely to be funded simultaneously by two levels of government. Chapter three: The causal relationship between government funding and donations to Indigenous charities While billions of dollars are donated annually to charitable organizations, relatively modest amounts go to charities that specifically serve Indigenous populations. In comparison to their non-Indigenous counterparts, these charities get fewer private donations, have less fundraising revenue and receive less gifts from other charities. This chapter studies the causal relationship between public funding and these three types of revenues, focusing on the Indigenous charities and distinguishing between on-reserve and off-reserve charities. I use the large T3010 dataset with financial information for over 95,000 registered charities, covering a 15-year period from 2003 to 2017. The estimation and identification strategy relies on novel instruments using a 2SLS model. The results indicate a crowding out effect of public funding on donations for Indigenous charities; I also find evidence that the level of government funding matters. With the preferred instrument, a one dollar increase in government funding crowds out seven cents of private contributions; the three levels of federal, provincial and municipal funding decrease private donations by 15, 6 and 46 cents respectively. Government funding negatively affects fundraising effort and gifts from other charities. For every dollar in public support the former decreases by one to seven cents and the latter by three to 12 cents. These reductions imply an economically substantial effect on charities’ revenue. Little evidence is found that government grants impact differently Indigenous charities on reserve compared to those off reserve. The area and programs in which charities operate matter though, which is critical for how governments structure grants to Indigenous charities.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / A significant literature gap exists in our understanding of the motivating mechanisms for creation of foundations by philanthropists, a rapid paradigm shift that is occurring in many countries. This study aims to address the literature gap by discovering Chinese entrepreneurs' heterogeneous responses to the conditions that may lead to creation of their own foundations. Adopting the institutional entrepreneurship theory, which examines agency/change in breaking from an old institution, the researcher tested and operationalized four major factors derived from the institutional entrepreneurship theory--i.e. conflict, heterogeneity, institutional logic, and power--to account for the behavioral change. Through investigating 209 wealthy Chinese entrepreneurs from the 2003-2004 Top 100 Philanthropists List produced by the Hurun Research Institute, utilizing the event history analysis method, the study discovered that among the four factors only heterogeneity resulting from strategic industry intersection and the entrepreneurs' political power are the antecedents of their creation of foundations. Other factors--such as conflict, heterogeneity resulted from civil network, and institutional logic--were not relevant in this study. These results suggest that Chinese entrepreneurs who benefit from their improved political and social standing and increased capital are also making endeavors to take initiatives to contribute to the social and economic well-beings in the social areas that the entrepreneurs' industry intersect heavily. This study enriches our understanding of the creation of foundations from entrepreneurs' contextual background in an emerging market. The empirical validation of the antecedents of behavior change and civic leadership innovation also provides practical implications for policy-makers, philanthropy advisers, and nonprofit leaders.

Diese Dissertation untersucht das Ausmaß der Spendenbereitschaft für Flüchtlinge und dessen individuelle sowie kontextuelle Korrelate unter einheimischen Deutschen zwischen Jahren 2015 und 2018. Die Dissertation enthält drei originäre empirische Beiträge. Im ersten empirischen Beitrag wird das Ausmaß des Spendenverhaltens für Flüchtlinge, seine regionale Variation und Veränderung im Zeitverlauf beschrieben. Das Kapitel beschreibt, wie Einstellungen und soziodemografische Merkmale mit Spenden für Flüchtlinge zusammenhängen. Ich stelle fest, dass die Spenden für Flüchtlinge besonders hoch waren bei Frauen, Menschen mit einer höheren sozioökonomischen Position und Personen mit einer positiven Einstellung zur Einwanderung. Im zweiten und dritten empirischen Beitrag werden mögliche kontextuelle korrelate für solche Spenden betrachtet. Dies wird erreicht durch die Kombination von individuellen Panelerhebungsdaten mit Sozialindikatoren auf Stadtteilebene. Die zweite empirische Studie prüft, ob das Geben an mit der Anwesenheit von Ausländern im Wohnumfeld korreliert ist. Umgebung korreliert. Es gibt keine robusten Beweise dafür, dass die Anwesenheit von verschiedenen Gruppen von Ausländern negativ mit Spenden für Flüchtlinge verbunden ist. Im letzten empirischen Kapitel wird untersucht, ob die ethnische Segregation auf Stadtebene und der Wohnsitz in den Clustern der Einheimischen negativ mit Spenden für Flüchtlinge verbunden ist. Einerseits wird manchmal eine negative Korrelation zwischen der Segregation auf Stadtebene und Spenden für Flüchtlinge festgestellt. Es gibt jedoch keine Hinweise darauf, dass Einheimische die in den Clustern der Einheimischen leben, weniger wahrscheinlich Flüchtlinge unterstützen. / This doctoral thesis analyzes extent of charitable giving to refugees and its individual as well as contextual correlates among native Germans between years 2015 and 2018. Dissertation contains three original empirical contributions. In the first empirical contribution the extent of charitable giving to refugees, its regional variation and change over time is described. Chapter describes how attitudes and socio-demographic characteristics are correlated with giving to refugees. I find that giving to refugees was especially high among females, people of higher socio-economic position and those holding positive attitude towards immigration. In the second and third empirical contributions possible environmental correlates of such giving are considered. This is achieved by combining panel survey data with fine-grained neighborhood level social indicators. Second empirical study tests if giving to refugees is correlated with presence of foreigners in the residential environment. There is lack of robust evidence that presence of various foreigner groups is negatively associated with giving to refugees. Final empirical chapter investigates if city-level ethnic segregation and residing in the clusters of natives is negatively associated with donating to refugees. On the one hand, negative correlation between city-level segregation and giving to refugees is sometimes found. There is, however, no evidence that natives living in the clusters of natives are less likely to support refugees with their donations.

No description available.

In der ersten Abhandlung untersuche ich die Auswirkungen von Informationsfriktionen und Aufwandskosten auf die Effektivität von Steuervergünstigungen bei der Förderung von Spenden für wohltätige Zwecke. Mittels eines groß angelegten Umfrageexperiments und einem Feldexperiment prüfe ich empirisch, ob die Verringerung von Informationsfriktionen durch Hervorhebung von Steuervergünstigungen und Bereitstellung von Informationen über die Höhe von Steuervergünstigungen Spendenentscheidungen verändert. Meine Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Spenden steigen, wenn Steuervergünstigungen hervorgehoben und Informationen bereitgestellt werden. Ich lege dar, dass der Hauptverhaltensmechanismus, der Informationsfriktionen zugrunde liegt, Unaufmerksamkeit ist. Die zweite Abhandlung ist eine gemeinsame Arbeit mit Steffen Altmann, Armin Falk, Paul Heidhues und Rajshri Jayaraman. In dieser Arbeit untersuchen wir die Auswirkungen von voreingestellten Beträgen auf Spenden für wohltätige Zwecke in einem groß angelegten Feldversuch auf einer Online-Spendenplattform. Wir beobachten eine starke Auswirkung von voreingestellten Beträgen auf das individuelle Verhalten, stellen jedoch fest, dass die Gesamtspende nicht von voreingestellten Beträgen beeinflusst wird. Mit einem Strukturmodell wird untersucht ob die Personalisierung von voreingestellten Beträgen die Spendeneinnahmen erhöhen kann. In der dritten Abhandlung, die in Zusammenarbeit mit Rajshri Jayaraman und Michael Kaiser verfasst wurde, untersuchen wir gemeinnützige Spenden für Naturkatastrophen auf einer großen Online-Plattform. Wir beobachten, dass der Großteil der Spenden für wohltätige Zwecke an einen winzigen Teil der Naturkatastrophen geht, bei denen es sich in der Regel um besonders schwere Katastrophen handelt, über die in den Medien berichtet wird. Unter Verwendung eines Ereignisstudiendesigns finden wir Hinweise, die mit zwei Erscheinungsformen der Spenderermüdung übereinstimmen, jedoch nicht mit einer dritten. / In the first essay, I study the implications of information frictions and hassle costs for the effectiveness of tax incentives in encouraging charitable giving. Empirically, I test whether mitigating information frictions by making tax incentives more salient and by providing information on the magnitude of tax incentives alters donation decisions by conducting a large-scale survey experiment, representative of the German adult population and I complement this with a large-scale field experiment on an online donation platform. My findings indicate that when tax incentives are made salient, and when information is provided, donations increase. I find that the main behavioral mechanism underlying information frictions is inattention. Analyzing who responds more to salience and information provision shows that it is predominantly individuals that face lower hassle costs and have high incomes. The second essay is joint work with Steffen Altmann, Armin Falk, Paul Heidhues, and Rajshri Jayaraman. In this paper, we study the effects of defaults on charitable giving in a large-scale field experiment on an online fundraising platform. We document a strong effect of defaults on individual behavior but nevertheless find that aggregate donation levels are unaffected by defaults. In contrast, co-donations increase in the default amount. We complement our experimental results with a structural model that investigates whether personalizing defaults based on individuals’ donation histories can increase donation revenues. In the third essay, which is joint work with Rajshri Jayaraman and Michael Kaiser, we investigate charitable donations to natural disasters on a large online platform. We document that the bulk of charitable donations go to a tiny fraction of natural disasters, which tend to be severe disasters that receive media coverage. Using an event study design, we find evidence consistent with temporal fatigue and donor fatigue, but not with crowding out.