Submitted by Josiane Paula Rodrigues De Azevedo (josipr.azevedo@gmail.com) on 2018-10-11T14:36:53Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação Mestrado Unesp.pdf: 2317505 bytes, checksum: e436f2ba54e72956cc8549323a616609 (MD5) Dissertação Mestrado Unesp.pdf: 2317505 bytes, checksum: e436f2ba54e72956cc8549323a616609 (MD5) / Rejected by Elza Mitiko Sato null (elzasato@ibilce.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize correções na submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: Problema 01) No arquivo a data da defesa está 13 de julho de 2018, porém nos metadados você preencheu 13 de agosto de 2018 que é a data correta, solicitamos então a correção no arquivo. Problema 02) Solicitamos que corrija a descrição na natureza da pesquisa na FOLHA DE ROSTO: Dissertação apresentada como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de Mestre em Ensino e Processos Formativos, junto ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ensino e Processos Formativos, do Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas da Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Campus de São José do Rio Preto. Problema 03) A ordem correta das páginas pré-textuais: capa, folha de rosto, ficha catalográfica, folha de aprovação, dedicatória, agradecimentos, epígrafe, resumo na língua vernácula, resumo em língua estrangeira, listas de ilustrações, de tabelas, de abreviaturas, de siglas e de símbolos e sumário, no seu arquivo o resumo e abstract estão inseridos após o sumário. Problema 04) A paginação deve ser sequencial, iniciando a contagem na folha de rosto e mostrando o número a partir da introdução, a ficha catalográfica ficará após a folha de rosto e não deverá ser contada. OBS:-Estou encaminhando via e-mail o template/modelo das páginas pré-textuais para que você possa fazer as correções da paginação, sugerimos que siga este modelo pois ele contempla as normas da ABNT Lembramos que o arquivo depositado no repositório deve ser igual ao impresso, o rigor com o padrão da Universidade se deve ao fato de que o seu trabalho passará a ser visível mundialmente. Agradecemos a compreensão on 2018-10-11T16:23:53Z (GMT) / Submitted by Josiane Paula Rodrigues De Azevedo (josipr.azevedo@gmail.com) on 2018-10-11T18:46:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação JOSIANE Impressão 2.pdf: 2183081 bytes, checksum: 79dd136094e27bae7715b7a1caae4361 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Elza Mitiko Sato null (elzasato@ibilce.unesp.br) on 2018-10-15T13:06:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 azevedo_jpr_me_sjrp.pdf: 2112964 bytes, checksum: 19687c67061768e3d233f53b72a7ac4e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-15T13:06:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 azevedo_jpr_me_sjrp.pdf: 2112964 bytes, checksum: 19687c67061768e3d233f53b72a7ac4e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-13 / Nossa sociedade é caracterizada por sua grande diversidade social, cultural, de sexo, etnias, credos, entre outras, além de acentuada desigualdade econômica. A escola, mais do que um espaço destinado à alfabetização e ensino dos conteúdos, deve contribuir para a formação moral dos indivíduos, criar situações de aprendizagem em que a questão da diversidade seja abordada. O presente trabalho trata das questões do preconceito e discriminação entre alunos da Educação Infantil, analisando a influência da cor da pele na escolha de parceiros de brincadeira e no seu julgamento de ações pró-sociais. Assim, investigamos se a cor da pele é uma variável que influencia a maneira como crianças escolhem parceiros de brincadeira e como essa relação se modifica com a idade; se as crianças relacionam sua percepção de bondade/maldade com a aparência ou são mais influenciadas pelo contexto de ações pró ou antissociais em que são apresentados. As formas de pensamento foram investigadas visando sua categorização e compreensão do seu julgamento sociomoral. A pesquisa foi realizada com crianças matriculadas na Educação Infantil da rede municipal de São José do Rio Preto. A elas foi apresentada uma história-estímulo e responderam a uma entrevista semiestruturada. Embora os personagens da história possuíssem identidade racial distinta, nossos resultados apontam que as crianças orientam sua preferência e atribuição de qualidades levando em consideração as atitudes apresentadas, sem considerar a cor da pele como critério de decisão. Em sua maioria, as crianças se utilizam de justificativas do tipo Emissão de juízo para dar razão às suas respostas. Dentre os fatores analisados, quais sejam: nível socioeconômico, idade ou sexo, nenhum mostrou influência sobre as escolhas dos entrevistados. Os resultados obtidos nos permitem considerar que a formação social da família e da escola pautada no convívio com o outro, valorização da diversidade e na capacidade de reflexão é capaz de dissipar o racismo nas atitudes das crianças. Esses achados enfatizam a importância da Educação Moral em ambiente escolar. / Our society is characterized by its diversity in social, cultural, gender, ethnicity and creed, among others, and a highlighted economic disparity. The school, in addition to an area of literacy and content education, should contribute to the moral formation of individuals, creating learning situations to deal with this diversity. The present work addresses the prejudice and discrimination among kindergarten students with emphasis in the influence of skin color on the choice of play partners and their moral judgment. Thus, we investigate whether skin color influences the way children choose play partners and how its changes with age; if children relate their perception of goodness to their appearance or the context of pro or antisocial actions in which are presented. The thought forms were also investigated aiming at their categorization and understanding of their sociomoral judgment. The research was carried out with kindergarten children from São José do Rio Preto city network who were presented to a stimulus story and answered a structured interview. Although the characters in the story had a distinct racial identity, our results indicate that children guide their preference and judgement according the attitudes presented, without considering the skin color as a criterion for decision. Most children used simple rule-type justifications to give reason for their answers. Among the analyzed factors, socioeconomic level, age or gender did not showed influence on the interviewees' choices. Obtained results allow us to consider that the social formation of the family and the school based on the relationship, appreciation of diversity and reflection is capable of dissipate racism in children's attitudes. These findings emphasize the importance of Moral Education in the school environment.

Orientador: Maria Regina Cavalcante / Banca: Maria Amália Pie Abib Andery / Banca: Jair Lopes Júnior / Resumo: A educação infantil inclusiva deve considerar a diversidade inerente à espécie humana e garantir a todos os alunos o acesso aos conhecimentos produzidos pela humanidade, bem como o seu desenvolvimento pessoal. Para a promoção das aprendizagens, a prática pedagógica dos professores deve ser constituída por uma variedade de procedimentos de ensino a serem executados em função do repertório dos alunos. Na literatura da Análise Experimental do Comportamento as instruções têm se mostrado procedimentos eficazes no ensino de novos comportamentos e nas situações em que as consequências para o responder são remotas. Este estudo investigou as instruções, como procedimento de ensino, apresentadas por uma professora de Educação Infantil para os alunos com desenvolvimento típico e para os alunos com necessidades educacionais especiais durante as atividades de rotina e no ensino dos conteúdos de Linguagem Oral e Escrita (LOE), realizadas em sala de aula. Os dados foram coletados através de filmagem das interações da professora com dois alunos com desenvolvimento típico e com dois alunos com necessidades especiais - um com diagnóstico formal de Mielomeningoceli associada à hidrocefalia e outro com diagnóstico informal de deficiência mental. Constatou-se que a professora utilizou-se das instruções, como procedimento de ensino, para todos os alunos tanto durante as atividades de rotina como no ensino dos conteúdos de LOE. Essas instuções, na maioria das situações, descreviam apenas as classes de respostas a serem emitidas pelos alunos e esses as seguiam exatamente da forma como haviam sido descritas pela professora. Verificou-se, em algumas situações, que a professora identificava algumas das dificuldades apresentadas pelos alunos com necessidades educacionais... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The inclusive infantile education must consider the inherent diversity to the human specie being and guarantee to all pupils the access to the knowledge produced by the humanity, as well as its personal development. To promote the learnings, professor's pedagogical practice must be constituted by a variety of educational procedures to be executed in function of the repertoire of the pupils. In the experimental analysis of the behavior literature the instructions have shown efficient procedures in the education of new behaviors and in the situations where the consequences of answer it are remote. This study investigated the instructions, as educational procedure, presented by a teacher of infantile education to the pupils with typical development and for the pupils with special educational necessities during the routine activities and in the education of the contents of verbal and written language (VWL) occurred in the classroom. Data had been collected by filming the interactions of the teacher with two pupils with typical development and two pupils with special educational necessities - one with foram diagnosis of mielomeningoceli associated to hidrocefalia and another on with informal diagnosis to mental deficiency. It was verified that the teacher used the instructions, as educational procedure, to all the pupils in such a way during the routine activities in VWL contents teachings. These instructions, in the majority of the situations, described only anwers classes to be emitted by the pupils and they followed accurately in the way... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

O objetivo dessa Dissertação é, a partir de um trabalho de campo, buscar entender como vão se constituindo as masculinidades na escola infantil, buscando observar alguns dos investimentos feitos para que os meninos e as meninas se constituam como homens e mulheres heteronormatizados. Para a realização das análises, foram utilizados como referencial teórico os Estudos de Gênero, algumas contribuições dos Estudos Culturais em aproximação com a perspectiva pós-estruturalista de análise. Foi observada uma escola infantil da Rede Municipal de Porto Alegre em um bairro da periferia, no período de dois meses, totalizando cem horas de observação. O grupo pesquisado era formado por vinte e cinco crianças de cinco anos de idade, todas muito flutuantes em suas freqüências, pois compareciam em média quinze alunos por dia. Pude perceber, durante esse período, que as crianças vão criando mecanismos para dar conta das expectativas dos adultos em relação as suas formações de gênero, ficando evidente que esses mecanismos produzem algum bem estar nas crianças e nos adultos.Nas primeiras, quanto mais próximas estiverem do que as cuidadoras esperam delas menos serão policiadas, e dos adultos por, de alguma forma, sentirem-se regojizados por estarem dando conta da árdua tarefa de conduzir as crianças a se tornarem homens e mulheres de acordo com os padrões da cultura vigente. Para isso utilizarei o conceito de órbitas de gênero, onde uma matriz heterossexual fica em uma posição central, ou seja, como centro de atração de todas as possibilidades de masculinidade e feminilidade que podem ser vividas. / The aim of this dissertation is, from a fieldwork, to try to understand how the masculinity is constituted in children school, trying to observe some of the investments made so that the boys and girls constitute themselves as hetero-normalized men and women. To accomplish the analysis, the Gender Studies and some contribution of the Cultural Studies together with the analysis post-structural perspective were used as theoretical reference. The survey was done in a public Children School from the outskirts of Porto Alegre, in a period of two months, totalizing one hundred-hour observation. The observed group consisted of twenty-five five-year-old children, all of them very fluctuating in their attendance to class, as on average only fifteen children came to school everyday. I could perceive, during this period, that the children create mechanisms to fulfill the adult´s expectations regarding their gender formation, making it clear that this mechanisms produce some children´s and adults´welfare . Regarding the children, the closer they are to what they are expected, the lesser they will be controlled , on the other hand, the adults rejoiced to be able to perform the difficult task of conducting the children to become men and women according to the patterns of the ruling culture. For this, I will use the concept of gender orbit where the heterosexual matrix is in the central position, that is, it is the center of attraction of all the possibilities of masculinity and femininity that can be experienced.

In this investigative study the researcher studied the methods used to assess learners with Asperger syndrome in Grade R. A detailed, and in depth study was made of Inclusive Education and the current assessment methods, as well as research into which assessment methods have been proved successful when dealing with learners with Asperger syndrome. Derived from the literature study, interviews held and observations, the researcher concluded that learners with Asperger syndrome are very unique people, but need to be supported and helped to enable them to become worthy citizens within a community. Out of the information collected it became apparent during this intense study of a fairly limited scope, that it is very important that the facilitator has to create an unique development programme for each individual learner with Asperger syndrome. Only then each learner will be helped to develop to his or her full potential. The above facts generate recommendations towards the following: • The Department of Education • The primary school • The facilitator • The family • Further research / Teacher Education / M.Ed. ( Inklusiewe Onderwys)

Text in Afrikaans / Summaries in Afrikaans and English / Die doel met hierdie studie is om 'n kurrikulum vir die onderwys van swaksiende kinders vanui t 'n makroperspektief te ontwerp. Van die belangrikste gevolgtrekkings waartoe in hierdie studie gekom word, dui daarop dat die kurrikula, leerplanne en -opleidingsprogramme wat in die Republiek van Suid-Afrika vir kinders met spesiale onderwysbehoeftes (wat die onderwys van swaksiende kinders insluit) voorsien word * dikwels nie toereikend is om leerlinge vir suksesvolle indiensplasing voor te berei nie; * oorwegend akademies georienteerd is; * en nie altyd tred hou met die veranderende behoeftes, eise en tendense in die arbeidsmark nie. Swaksiende kinders is as groep hoogs heterogeen en het besondere en uiteenlopende onderwys- en opleidingsbehoeftes. Ten einde 'n relevante kurrikulum vir swaksiende kinders te on twerp wat genoemde leemtes ondervang, moes hulle uni eke behoef tes sowel as die eise van die moderne arbeidsmark in aanmerking geneem word. Die voorgestelde kurrikulum is op die onderwys van swaksiende kinders in af sonderlike skole vir gesiggestremde kinders en in skole in die hoof stroom van die onderwys van toepassing en maak * enersyds voorsiening vir die effektiewe implementering van die kurrikulum wat deur die Suid-Afrikaanse onderwysowerheid op nasionale (en moontlik ook op provinsiale) vlak vir die onderwys van normaalsiende kinders voorgeskryf word, en * andersyds vir die ontsluiting en bemeestering van die noodsaaklike kompensatoriese persoonlikheids- en karaktereienskappe en algemene vaardighede, waaroor swaksiende kinders behoort te beskik ten einde hulleself na skoolverlating in die volwasse sosiale en beroepslewe te kan handhaaf. Die kurrikulummodel wat die basis vorm vir die ontwerp van hierdie kurrikulum, is sodanig aangepas dat dit uitdrukking gee aan die essensies van 'n Christelik-wysgerige perspektief op opvoeding en onderrig. / The aim of this study is to design a curriculum for the education of partially sighted children from a macro perspective. some of the most important conclusions arrived at in this study indicate that the present curricula, syllabi and training programmes which are being offered to children with special education needs (including the education of partially sighted children) in the Republic of South Africa * are often not adequate to prepare learners for successful placement; * are predominantly academically orientated; * and do not always keep track with changing needs, demands and tendencies in the labour market. Partially sighted children as a group are highly heterogeneous and have particular and diverse education and training needs. In order to design a relevant curriculum for partially sighted children which intends to eradicate the mentioned deficiencies in the present provision of education to them, their unique needs as well as the demands of the modern labour market have to be considered. The proposed curriculum is directed at the education of partially sighted children who are accommodated in separate schools for the visually impaired as well as in schools in the mainstream of education and provides * on the one hand for the effective implementation of the curriculum which is prescribed normally sighted children by for the education of the South African education authorities on national (and perhaps also on provincial) level and * on the other hand for the unlocking and mastering of the essential compensatory personality and character qualities and general skills which partially sighted children should possess in order to maintain themselves in the adult social and vocational life after leaving school. The curriculum model which formed the basis for the design of this curriculum was adadapted in such a way that it expresses the essence of a Christian philosophic perspective on education and teaching. / Teacher Education / D.Ed.

The problem of this study concerns the effects of a parent group counseling procedure and an individual consultation procedure upon (1) the attitude of the parents, (2) the school-related behavior of the children, (3) the academic grades of the children, (4) the peer relations of the children, and (5) self-concept of the children. The results of this investigation indicated no significant differences in procedures for affecting behavior changes on the variables examined. Generally, parent group counseling appeared to generate more pervasive changes affecting multiple behaviors in their children than individual consultation with the parents.

A família constitui-se o protótipo das primeiras relações sociais. As crianças vêem nos seus pais, ou em quem exerça essa função, o modelo referencial e identificatório. Cabe às figuras parentais transmitir aos filhos valores, regras e limites necessários ao convívio social e ao desenvolvimento saudável da personalidade infantil. À medida em que crescem as crianças se separam gradativamente do convívio familiar, o que tende a favorecer o processo de socialização. No entanto, existe uma outra perspectiva que conduz não apenas à separação, como também pode desvincular, temporária ou permanentemente, a criança de sua família: a institucionalização. A instituição, invariavelmente, reproduz os padrões familiares de afeto e autoridade frente às demandas das crianças abrigadas. O espaço institucional se configura como uma referência mais ampla das figuras parentais, onde as crianças encontram-se vulneráveis ao sistema de normas previamente instituído e cristalizado. Dessa forma, fez-se necessário investigar as implicações do limite às crianças institucionalizadas. Nesse sentido, realizou-se pesquisa de natureza qualitativa. O instrumento utilizado consistiu na entrevista semidirigida aplicada a psicólogas e a assistentes sociais que trabalham com crianças abrigadas em entidades governamentais ou não-governamentais. Essas entrevistas enfocaram o limite e suas vicissitudes, através do relato dessas profissionais que destacaram, dentre diversos fatores, a falta da uniformidade das regras educacionais nos abrigos, dificultando assim, estabelecê-las junto à infância institucionalizada. Os resultados desta pesquisa indicaram que à determinação de limites no âmbito institucional encontram-se subjacentes vários fatores que englobam desde a violência doméstica à privação afetiva, ambos refletidos na institucionalização e no processo educacional infantil / The family is the first social relations model. Children see in their parents, or whoever is in charge, the referential model they will identify with. The parents are responsible for transmiting to their children the values, rules and limits that are necessary to the social relationships and the healthy development of a childs personality. As children grow up, they get gradually appart from their family and that tends to be helpful to the socialization process. However, according to another perspective the child could not only separate but detach, either briefly or permanently, from his or her family. That is the institutionalization perspective. According to that perspective, an institution will, inevitably, reproduce the family affection and authority models in face of the demands of children in shelters. The institutional space becomes a broader reference of the parental model, thus the children find themselves vulnerable to a previously arranged and consolidated rules system. Therefore it was necessary to investigate the implications of limit to the institutionalized children. Thus a qualitative research was carried out. A semi directed interview was applied to psychologists and social workers who work with sheltered children in governamental organizations and non-profit or charity institutions. Those interviews focused on the limit and its unpredictable changes reported by the professionals involved who emphasized several aspects such as lack of uniformity of educational rules at the institutions that make those rules difficult to be taught to institutionalized children. The researchs results indicated that to establish rules at institutions there are severals underlying facts ranging from domestic violence to privation of affection both reflected in the institutionalization and in the infants educational process

Tesis voorgelê volgens die vereistes van die M.Ed.: Onderwys Vir die Fakulteit van Onderwys en Sosiale Wetenskappe te Kaapse Skiereiland Universiteit van Tegnologie 2014 / Reading is the interaction between author and reader. To be able to read, the reader has to decode the message in order to read with comprehension/understanding. Reading consists of two components, namely word recognition and reading comprehension. Word recognition is the ability to recognise words as quickly as possible. Reading comprehension is the ability to store the meaning of the message in words in the brain. To be able to read the learner must be able to recognise the message and to understand what he/she reads. The ability to read is very important, because a good reading ability is the key to success in a learner’s studies at school. Reading problems occur due to the lack of phonological processing of written material. Reading problems are caused by various factors such as emotional factors, sensory factors and limited cognitive ability – to mention but a few. The purpose of this research was to determine whether a multi-sensory reading method such as the Silverman approach to reading could have a positive influence on the reading and studying abilities of a learner with dyslexia combined with an instructional design. A literature review was done on reading and reading problems, a multi-sensory approach, and well-known multi-sensory approaches such as the Davis method, Orton Gillingham method and the Silverman method. A Grade 8 learner who had been diagnosed with dyslexia was evaluated according to the ESSI reading and spelling tests to determine his reading and spelling levels. His parents and he had to complete questionnaires to determine his scholastic and social progress. After that, the learner was helped by using the Silverman spelling method to enhance his spelling and reading abilities. The duration of the course was thirteen weeks and the learner attended hourly sessions two times per week. The instructional design was used to adjust the sessions according to the learner’s needs. The quantitative research method, namely the ESSI reading and spelling tests, was used as well as the qualitative method. The researcher also used journal inscriptions to observe the sessions in order to change the programme should it be deemed necessary. After completion of the course, the learner was evaluated according to the ESSI test once more and his parents and he had to complete the questionnaire again to ensure reliability and validity. The results of the qualitative tests and the quantitative information pointed out that the learner successfully progressed in his reading and spelling abilities. Die praktiese ondersteuning van ’n leerder met disleksie deur middel van ’n instruksie-beplanningsproses vi It is thus possible to deduct that a multi-sensory reading and spelling method such as the Silverman method had a positive influence on the learner’s reading and spelling abilities. A shortcoming in the research was that the researcher was restricted to only four months to complete the research project. Should the research have begun from the beginning of the year, the results might have differed completely. The researcher has also made recommendations about the training of teachers, as well as recommendations to the Department of Education.

Thesis (MTech (Education))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2006 / The study focuses on the identification and development of teaching strategies and the factors that impact on the strategies when supporting learners with learning difficulties in mainstream Foundation Phase classes. The study was carried out by interviewing a focus group of Foundation Phase teachers from public schools in the Cape Metropolitan area. The findings from the focus group discussion was verified and amplified by responses from Heads of Department, Foundation Phase within the same area. The research methodology was that of a two-stepped investigation. Firstly, a focus group discussion was conducted using an open ended question framework with the intent of exploring how mainstream Foundation Phase teachers develop teaching strategies and what factors impact on these strategies when supporting learners with learning difficulties. The data collected was analyzed and a qualitative questionnaire compiled for Heads of Department: Foundation Phase to verify and amplify the data collected during the focus group. The study indicated that past and recent teacher training does not equip teachers with the necessary skills to support learners with learning difficulties in mainstream classes. The study also found that current workload levels inhibited further self study. The research findings contributed to the fund of knowledge with regard to the training of Foundation Phase teachers to support all learners, regardless of the degree of learning difficulty, in mainstream classes in public schools.

Dissertation (Magister Educationis(Education Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2010 / The Policy Document, Education White Paper 6 (Department of Education, 2001) states that all learners irrespective of their barriers to learning and development, have a right to be educated in ordinary schools, together with their peers. The inclusion of learners who are deaf/hearing impaired in mainstream Further Education and Training (FET) classrooms means that these learners are no longer being taught by special educators who are trained to cater for their special needs. In this study the learners are taught in regular classrooms by non-special education subject teachers who have had no formal training in how to teach learners with special needs specifically learners who are deaf/hearing impaired. A qualitative exploratory design with multiple methods for data collection (questionnaires, informal discussions, nonparticipant classroom observations and video footage) was employed in this study. A non-random purposive sampling which consisted of three non-special education subject teachers who teach two learners who are deaf/hearing impaired in the Further Education and Training phase at two mainstream educational institutions participated in the research. The aim of this study was to explore the kind of strategies these teachers use when they mediate learning in classrooms where there are deaf/hearing impaired learners. The study has indicated that while the educators might express a lack of confidence in their abilities, they do cater for the needs of deaf/hearing impaired learners who experience barriers to learning albeit in different ways.