In this study the relationship between young people's job seeking behaviour, self-esteem and their esteem needs was investigated. Young unemployed job seekers attended a four day personal development workshop (known as Positive Choices). The design of the study was a pretest-posttest control-group design. All participants completed a four part questionnaire, including a demographic data sheet, job seeking behaviour scale, (revised from Feather & Rowley, 1987 job search scale) esteem needs questionnaire and the Coopersmith Self-esteem Inventory. The results showed self esteem scores increased for the young job seekers who participated in the Positive Choices Intervention. A negative correlation was reported between self-esteem scores and job seeking behaviour for all participants. In addition the job seeking behaviour scores increased for the young job seekers after their participation in the Positive Choices Intervention. In terms of esteem needs, no differences were reported between esteem needs for the participant and control groups indicating that the importance of esteem needs remained unchanged. Furthermore, negative correlations were found between the length of time the young job seeker had been unemployed and their self-esteem scores, as well as between the job seeker's educational attainment and self esteem scores. The results suggests that changes in job seeking behaviour is related to changes in the young job seekers' self esteem. Suggestions for future research is discussed. Implications on counselling and a model for working with young job seekers is offered.

This field study aims to identify and examine the consequences and influences of course selections and career choices made by students, their parents and college staff. Because of a lack of information regarding the implications of their selected programmes of study, many students choose unwisely and as a result, have become confused about the relevance of their choices in relation to the achievement of their ultimate career aspirations. To achieve the aims of this study, an analysis of the course selections and career choices of the Year 12 graduates of 1983 from Copland College was completed. This field study is divided into three main sections. The first section comprises Chapters I and II which outline the historical development of secondary colleges within the Australian Capital Territory. The author briefly discusses the influence of both the Hughes and the Campbell Reports and illustrates how these Reports were used as the basis for the establishment of the educational structure we now have for our senior secondary college students in Canberra. In addition, this section details the historical background of careers education within the Australian Capital Territory and the influences this has had on the status of career education at Copland College. The second section covers Chapters III, IV and V. In this section the function of the Student Services Faculty within Copland College is discussed and also a brief explanation given of the type of information gathered by college and administrative staff for career and course advice. The author provides a description of the procedures II used to obtain and collate the information collected for this field study. A questionnaire method of data collection was the basis used to examine the post-collegiate activities of over 240 graduate students of 1983, and part of the questionnaire relates specifically to the destinations of these ex-students. Finally, the third section incorporates Chapters VI and VII. It details the results of my research covered in earlier chapters and at the same time, synthesizes that of other educationalists as it relates to this field study. The concluding portion of this section sets out recommendations proposed to meet the problems identified in such areas as student course selections and careers advice.

<p>Under utbildningen till Studie- och yrkesvägledare kom vi att upptäcka hur intressetester av olika slag blivit ett allt populärare sätt att skaffa sig förslag på lämpliga studie- och yrkesval. Intressetester används av verksamma vägledare inom både skola och arbetsförmedling. Internet är vårt främsta informationsanskaffningsmedel och används alltmer inom vår bransch. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka elevers attityd till intressetester. Framförallt undersöka om dessa tester genererar i en ökad kunskapsproduktion och om den kunskapen då är giltig. Vi ville även undersöka om intressetester kan ersätta behovet av mer personlig vägledning. En enkätundersökning innehållande 13 frågor kring respondenternas upplevelse av intressetester utfördes på en grupp gymnasieelever i Norrtälje kommun. Med stöd av denna studies undersökningsresultat, karriärutvecklingsteorier och vägledningsmetoder har följande slutsatser kunnat dras: Att intressetester är ett bra verktyg för att finna ny kunskap om sig själv och olika yrken. Att tester har god förmåga att matcha rätt person till rätt yrke men att utfallen av testerna inte bedömdes som helt hundraprocentigt seriösa. Behovet av personlig vägledning ansågs av majoriteten inte direkt kunna ersättas med intressetester. Det finns nästan ingen tidigare forskning kring problemområdet men vi uppmanar för framtida forskning att undersöka konsekvenserna av en alltmer webbaserad vägledning.</p> / <p>During this education to become career counselors we came to detect how measurements of interest of various kinds is becoming more and more popular when to get proposals on appropriate study - and career choices. Measurements of interest are used of career counselors within both schools and employment offices. The Internet is our most useful facility when it comes to find information and is used increasingly within our sector. The aim with this study is to examine students' attitude to measurements of interest. Above all examine if they generate in an increased knowledge production and if that knowledge is valid. We also wanted to examine if measurements of interest can replace the need of more personal guidance. A questionnaire survey containing 13 questions around individuals' experience in measurements of interest was carried out on a group of high school students in the city of Norrtälje. With support of this study's survey results, career development theories and guidance methods the following conclusions can to be drawn: measurements of interest are a good tool in order to find new knowledge about yourself and different trades. Measurements of interest have good ability to match the correct individual with the correct trade but the outcomes of the measurements were not assessed entirely one hundred percent serious. The need of personal guidance was by majority not considered directly to be replaced with measurements of interest. There is almost no previous research around the problem area but we urge for future research to examine the consequences of progressively more guidance on the web.</p>

<p>According to earlier research farmer's crop orientation in developing countries mainly depends on farm size, large-scale farmers prefer cash crop while small-scale farmers prefer subsistence crops. The first aim of this study is to see if this hypothesis can be applied on six households in Babati District in rural Tanzania. The second aim is to investigate if other factors than farm size affect crop portfolio choice and the final aim is to see if those crop portfolio models can be improved. A case-study research design and qualitative interviews are used. The primary data is based on a fieldwork that took place from the 18th of February until the 7th of March 2009 in the study area.</p><p>From a theoretical perspective the underlying assumptions of the Marcel Fafchamp's model <em>Crop portfolio choice under multivariate risks </em>is discussed in connection to the result of the study.</p><p>Interviews were made with six households of different farm size. The result of the study indicates that both small-scale and large-scale farmers are using cash crops. The fact that all crops can be used for selling, gives also small-scale farmers in season with higher prices, an opportunity to sell a large share of their crops. It's thereby not possible to state that large-scale farmers devote a larger share of their land for cash crop than small-scale farmers do.</p><p> </p>

<p>Detta är en undersökning av fördelningen av sökande till en musikhögskola vid tre söktillfällen med fem års mellanrum, 1997, 2002 och 2007. Mot denna bakgrund diskuteras förändringar i instrumentval som antas spegla förändringar för ca 20 år sedan då de sökande antas ha gjort sina val.Förändringar som jag har iakttagit är att instrument som går under den klassiska genren har tappat sökande men den är fortfarande den största genren. Instrument under afrogenren blir mer och mer populära och folkmusikgenren blir större och större.</p> / <p>This is a study of the apportionment of applicants to a music college during three occasions with five-year intervals, 1997, 2002 and 2007. Against this background, changes are dis-cussed with regard to choice of instrument that are assumed to reflect changes approximately 20 years ago, when the applicants made their choices.  Among the changes that I have observed are that instruments associated with classical genres have decreased significantly in number, yet are still the majority. Instruments associated with Afroamerican genres are increasing in popularity, while ethnic music genres have become larger.</p>

The purposes of the essay are to transcribe and analyze selected solos from the 1964 J. J. Johnson recording, Proof Positive as well as to increase the amount of analytical literature on J. J. Johnson presently obtainable for study by jazz trombonists. J. J. Johnson will further be affirmed as a jazz musician worthy of doctoral level study. Selected solos from the 1964 J. J. Johnson recording Proof Positive will be transcribed and analyzed in depth using a method of analysis incorporating improvisational devices identified by the author. A brief biography of J. J. Johnson is presented along with a review of jazz trombone history in order to provide perspective. A review of related literature will be provided as well. The study will be limited to those solos that meet a selection criterion. The specific solos that were selected met the standard of containing a substantial number of Johnson's characteristic improvisational devices. Melody, harmony, rhythm, and stylistic inflection within each solo are discussed in detail and musical examples from the improvisations are cited to provide emphasis. The 1964 J. J. Johnson recording, Proof Positive was chosen for transcription and analysis due to its historical significance as a seminal recording and for the fact that only "Stella by Starlight" has been published. The remaining trombone solos have not yet been readily made available for study.

Under utbildningen till Studie- och yrkesvägledare kom vi att upptäcka hur intressetester av olika slag blivit ett allt populärare sätt att skaffa sig förslag på lämpliga studie- och yrkesval. Intressetester används av verksamma vägledare inom både skola och arbetsförmedling. Internet är vårt främsta informationsanskaffningsmedel och används alltmer inom vår bransch. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka elevers attityd till intressetester. Framförallt undersöka om dessa tester genererar i en ökad kunskapsproduktion och om den kunskapen då är giltig. Vi ville även undersöka om intressetester kan ersätta behovet av mer personlig vägledning. En enkätundersökning innehållande 13 frågor kring respondenternas upplevelse av intressetester utfördes på en grupp gymnasieelever i Norrtälje kommun. Med stöd av denna studies undersökningsresultat, karriärutvecklingsteorier och vägledningsmetoder har följande slutsatser kunnat dras: Att intressetester är ett bra verktyg för att finna ny kunskap om sig själv och olika yrken. Att tester har god förmåga att matcha rätt person till rätt yrke men att utfallen av testerna inte bedömdes som helt hundraprocentigt seriösa. Behovet av personlig vägledning ansågs av majoriteten inte direkt kunna ersättas med intressetester. Det finns nästan ingen tidigare forskning kring problemområdet men vi uppmanar för framtida forskning att undersöka konsekvenserna av en alltmer webbaserad vägledning. / During this education to become career counselors we came to detect how measurements of interest of various kinds is becoming more and more popular when to get proposals on appropriate study - and career choices. Measurements of interest are used of career counselors within both schools and employment offices. The Internet is our most useful facility when it comes to find information and is used increasingly within our sector. The aim with this study is to examine students' attitude to measurements of interest. Above all examine if they generate in an increased knowledge production and if that knowledge is valid. We also wanted to examine if measurements of interest can replace the need of more personal guidance. A questionnaire survey containing 13 questions around individuals' experience in measurements of interest was carried out on a group of high school students in the city of Norrtälje. With support of this study's survey results, career development theories and guidance methods the following conclusions can to be drawn: measurements of interest are a good tool in order to find new knowledge about yourself and different trades. Measurements of interest have good ability to match the correct individual with the correct trade but the outcomes of the measurements were not assessed entirely one hundred percent serious. The need of personal guidance was by majority not considered directly to be replaced with measurements of interest. There is almost no previous research around the problem area but we urge for future research to examine the consequences of progressively more guidance on the web.

Health literacy affects caregivers' ability to engage in preventive health care behaviors for themselves and their children. Studies suggest that health literacy among low income families needs improvement, and this possibly contributes to disparities in preventive health care rates. Additionally, parents and caregivers may not be able to provide or seek preventive health care for their children because of lack of knowledge and skills to do so effectively. This study designed and piloted an intervention that delivered to parents of young children, 1) health literacy information in an experiential manner, and 2) practical skills to engage their families in healthy lifestyle choices, with the decisions for healthy lifestyle choices being based on the health knowledge provided in the intervention. Specifically, the intervention focused on diet/nutrition, physical activity, sleep hygiene, parenting skills, and mental wellness. The intervention was successful at improving diet/nutrition knowledge at least one month post-intervention and more immediate changes were found for participants' overall beliefs about diet/nutrition, children's vegetable consumption, and parents' fruits and vegetable consumption. Immediate improvements were also found for factual knowledge about physical activity, sleep, and the relationship between mental health and stress. Additionally, the intervention was successful at improving general knowledge and beliefs about sleep, knowledge about the relationship between sleep and health, and knowledge about common childhood sleep problems at least one month post-intervention. The intervention also reduced participants' bedtime interactions with children that are indicative of sleep problems at least one month post-intervention. Future research should conceptualize the intervention as a multiple health behavior intervention and reflect this in the evaluation.

This study explores the factors urban residents consider when making residential location decisions. The context of the study is informal residential areas in a rapidly urbanising African city – the city of Dar es Salaam in Tanzania. A central concern in the study is how the urban poor make their residential location decisions; the assumption is that with income limitations the urban poor rely on other non-economic resources to enable their residential location decisions in the context of rapid urban growth and urban poverty. The study attempts to question residential location choice concepts that rely on economic approaches as well as question explanations based on the developing world experiences.The study suggests that in the absence of reliable incomes, social networks and informalchannels prevail in the decision-making process. The concept of social capital where networks and social relationships are used as a resource by individuals or groups to achieve goals is explored in a residential choices framework. Demonstrated through in-depth interviews with heads of households settling close to the CBD (termed the inner city), the intermediate informal residential areas and the peri-urban residential areas; the study shows how socio-cultural factors play a role in the decision makingprocess of households. This is illustrated inter alia, in the form of informal channels for information on accommodation and residential plots, being accommodated rent-free by a relative, the actions of subsequently making short-distance moves to a location within proximity of a relative, or seeking people of the same socio-economic status. The context within which the actions have taken place has also been shown to be important in corroborating the network and relationship elements in the concept of social capital. The uncertainty that residents in rapidly urbanizing cities have to deal with on an everyday basis calls for networks and relations as an important resource for survival. The study goes further to suggest how urban planning practice can learn from the social processes. The study is based on qualitative methods such as in-depth interviewing with heads of household and key informants.

Detta är en undersökning av fördelningen av sökande till en musikhögskola vid tre söktillfällen med fem års mellanrum, 1997, 2002 och 2007. Mot denna bakgrund diskuteras förändringar i instrumentval som antas spegla förändringar för ca 20 år sedan då de sökande antas ha gjort sina val.Förändringar som jag har iakttagit är att instrument som går under den klassiska genren har tappat sökande men den är fortfarande den största genren. Instrument under afrogenren blir mer och mer populära och folkmusikgenren blir större och större. / This is a study of the apportionment of applicants to a music college during three occasions with five-year intervals, 1997, 2002 and 2007. Against this background, changes are dis-cussed with regard to choice of instrument that are assumed to reflect changes approximately 20 years ago, when the applicants made their choices.  Among the changes that I have observed are that instruments associated with classical genres have decreased significantly in number, yet are still the majority. Instruments associated with Afroamerican genres are increasing in popularity, while ethnic music genres have become larger.