Magister Curationis - MCur / Medication errors can result in harm and death, for which nurses are legally liable. The administration of medication by nurses can be improved through education and training to avoid medication errors in future. The study aimed to investigate fourth year Bachelor of Nursing students’ perceptions regarding the clinical learning opportunities and their competence in the administration of oral medication in a general hospital. A quantitative cross-sectional descriptive design was employed. The all-inclusive sample constituted 176 fourth year Bachelor of Nursing students. A total of 125 respondents completed the self- report questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were produced through data processing and univariate and bivariate analysis using of SPSS version 22. The study’s findings show that most of the 125 respondents were placed in a medical (92%, 115) and surgical ward (86.4%, 108). However, a total of 59.2% (74) of the 125 respondents did not practice administration of oral medication on a daily basis. The majority of the respondents perceived themselves as competent in the administration of oral medication. However, only a total of 19.2% (24) of the 125 respondents perceived themselves as competent in all 42 skills required for the correct procedure of administration of oral medication. A negative correlation was found between total self-assessment of competence scores and total clinical placement scores. An observation study, using the check list, of the competence of nursing students in the administration of medication is recommended to exclude bias associated with self-assessment. The use of simulation is recommended to enhance the opportunities and competence of the students in the administration of oral medication to many patients.

Magister Curationis - MCur / The Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is a formative and summative assessment method used in several health science disciplines. The primary focus of this research study was to explore and describe the experiences of student midwives of the OSCE as used in a specific university context and determine how effective it is in preparing student midwives for clinical practice. However the researcher acknowledges the value of the OSCA (Objective Structured Clinical Assessment), which was not used in the context where the study was conducted. Due to the scarcity of academic literature in South Africa and internationally regarding the experiences of student midwives of OSCE assessments, this research study attempted to increase evidence of students’ experiences for improving the OSCE as an assessment method at a school of nursing used in this study. Research purpose: The purpose of the study was to explore and describe student midwives’ experiences of the Objective Structured Clinical Examination, at the SoN, at a university in the Western Cape, and ascertain whether it prepared them adequately for clinical practice. Research design: A qualitative approach with an exploratory descriptive design was used for the investigation of the student midwives' experiences of this assessment method. Sample: Purposive sampling was utilised to select third year Bachelor of Nursing students, who completed the OSCE during semester one in 2014, at a University in the Western Cape. Nine participants were interviewed. Data collection: The data collection was obtained through semi-structured interviews. Data analysis: The data analysis was done manually using the Thomas (2003) data analysis process. Saturation was reached after nine interviews, when no new relevant knowledge was being acquired. Findings: OSCE preparation was supported by theory and clinical learning opportunities. The OSCE environment was found to be challenging and stressful. Alignment of OSCE stations to clinical skills, theory, clinical practice and appropriateness of time allocation. Students had differing views about their level of confidence and competence. Recommendations: Although the OSCE is a valued instrument in the summative assessment of midwifery students, attention must be given to the careful planning of the OSCE environment and the use of simulation techniques. Adequate support for students is essential, and adherence to a standard method of facilitation in clinical learning, in the skills laboratory, is crucial to fairness in learning and assessment. The direct input from valuable stakeholders in clinical training, such as educators and clinical supervisors, must be considered in order to identify ways to improve the OSCE.

The concept ‘mentoring’ in nursing is not a new concept as such and has probably been used in a variety of situations and given many interpretations. In healthcare, mentoring is aimed at facilitating professional learning and it enables a student nurse to gain clinical skills during practice placements (Gopee 2008:7). In the psychiatric clinical learning environment, unit managers play a vital role regarding student nurses’ attainment of clinical skills during their practical placements. Lack of mentoring can adversely affect the student nurses’ ability to achieve clinical learning outcomes and this will affect their competency as professional nurses at the end of their training. The aim of this study was to explore and describe the perceptions of the student nurses and unit managers in a specific public psychiatric hospital regarding the mentoring role of unit managers within a psychiatric clinical learning environment. The objectives of the study were to explore and describe the perceptions of student nurses regarding the mentoring role of unit managers within the psychiatric clinical learning environment, to explore and describe the perceptions of unit managers regarding their mentoring role within the psychiatric clinical learning environment and to make recommendations to enhance the mentoring of student nurses by unit managers in a psychiatric clinical learning environment. A qualitative, exploratory and descriptive research design was utilized to address the aim and objectives outlined. Semi-structured focus group interviews were conducted separately with a purposefully selected sample of unit managers and student nurses. The data analysis was guided by the constant comparative method of qualitative data analysis of Tesch (1990:113). The process of transforming data into research results led to the emergence of the following themes for student nurses and unit managers: mentoring as a concept, expectations of the mentoring role, enabling factors of mentoring, disabling factors of mentoring and plans to enhance mentoring. Though the two groups of participants were interviewed separately common perceptions emerged in relation to the themes identified. Mentoring as a concept was viewed as a process of teaching, guiding, supporting, leading, supervision, role-modeling and assistance by an experienced, knowledgeable unit manager. Regarding expectations of the mentoring role, participants were of the opinion that unit managers were not prepared for this role through specific training, but used their experience, to guide student nurses. Furthermore, they perceived it as one of the unit manager’s responsibilities. Disabling factors of mentoring encompassed lack of student nurses’ theoretical background knowledge in psychiatric nursing science, unit managers’ lack of knowledge of advancement in the educational arena, the attitudes of student nurses and unit managers, lack of unit managers’ preparation for mentoring, organizational problems and lack of communication between nurse educators and unit managers. Enabling plans for mentoring encompassed training of unit managers for the mentoring role, theoretical preparation of student nurses prior to placement for psychiatric clinical learning experience, student nurses and unit managers to change their attitude addressing organisational problems and enhanced collaboration between educational and clinical facilities. Recommendations were made regarding nursing practice, nursing education and nursing research for future improvements on the mentoring role of unit managers in the psychiatric clinical learning environment. / Dissertation (MCur)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Nursing Science / unrestricted

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The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the ward manager in creating a conducive clinical learning environment for nursing students. An explorative descriptive research method was employed. Findings reveal that the ward managers are generally satisfied with the way in which they handled the important role they play in facilitating teaching and learning for nursing students. They feel strongly, however, that the nursing students themselves need to be active in the learning process. While acknowledging the efforts of the ward managers in creating and maintaining the learning environment, nursing students were dissatisfied about several aspects that appeared to be lacking in the clinical environment, such as good interpersonal relations, support, exposure to practice administrative skills (for example, problem-solving and decision-making) and lack of feedback about their performance. There appears to be a need to develop more effective support structures within the learning environment so that nursing students can obtain sufficient exposure to learning opportunities. / Health Studies / M.A. (Advanced Nursing Sciences)

Thesis (MPhil (Centre for Health Science Education))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009. / Introduction: Exposure to the clinical learning environment forms an essential part of nursing education. Individual student perceptions of this multi-dimensional context can greatly influence their clinical learning experiences. Insight into these perceptions may assist nurse educators in facilitating optimal learning outcomes. Aim: The aim of this study was to promote an awareness of the possible impact of various aspects of the clinical learning environment and nursing students’ perceptions thereof, on their learning experiences; and to generate guidelines for facilitating optimal learning outcomes. Methods: A qualitative, interpretive study, investigating nine individual second-year nursing students, was undertaken in a private hospital in South Africa. Interview transcripts were thematically analyzed. Results: Four themes and eleven sub-themes emerged, highlighting the impact of student nurses’ perceptions of the various aspects of the clinical learning environment on their learning experiences. Discussion: The impact of students’ perceptions of the clinical learning environment on their learning experiences is discussed. Recommendations are provided for measures to increase the focus on student-centered learning in the selected clinical context. Conclusion: The challenge remains to best prepare students for the complexities and dynamics of the workplace learning environment, while at the same time modifying this environment to effectively meet students’ learning needs.

R. Nalivaikienė. Slaugos studentų klinikinio mokymo(si) aplinka ir profesionaliosios slaugos mokymo(si) modelis universiteto ligoninėje. Darbo vadovė doc. O. Riklikienė; Lietuvos Sveikatos mokslų Universitetas; Slaugos fakultetas, Slaugos ir rūpybos katedra. Kaunas, 2014, – 91 p. Raktažodžiai: praktikos mokytojas, praktinis mokymas(sis), slaugos studentai, klinikinio mokymosi aplinka. Slaugos studento praktinio mokymo(si) tikslų pasiekimas didele dalimi priklausys nuo praktikos mokytojo požiūrio į mokymą, nuo įstaigos, kaip mokymo bazės, pasirengimo mokyti bei vertinti studento laimėjimus ir nuo įstaigoje sudarytų mokymo(si) sąlygų. Darbo tikslas – ištirti slaugos studentų klinikinio mokymo(si) aplinką ir profesionaliosios slaugos mokymo(si) modelį universiteto ligoninėje. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1. Ištirti slaugos studentų klinikinio mokymo(si) aplinką universiteto ligoninėje. 2. Įvertinti slaugos studentų ir jų praktikos mokytojų santykius klinikinio mokymo(si) metu bei studentų pasitenkinimą atlikta praktika. 3. Įvertinti profesionaliosios slaugos mokymo(si) modelį, atsižvelgiant į studentų nuomonę. Tyrimo metodika. Tyrime dalyvavo Vilniaus universiteto, Vilniaus kolegijos ir Utenos kolegijos sveikatos priežiūros fakulteto I-IV kurso slaugos studentai, atliekantys klinikinę slaugos praktiką Vilniaus universiteto ligoninės Santariškių klinikų Šeimos medicinos centre, terapinio ir chirurginio profilio skyriuose. Tyrimo metodas – anketinė apklausa, kuri vyko 2012 m. sausio – 201... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / R.Nalivaikiene. Evaluation of clinical learning environment for nursing students and teaching/learning model of professional nursing at university hospital. Supervisor Assoc. Prof. O. Riklikiene, Departament of Nursing and Care, Faculty of Nursing, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences. – Kaunas, 2014, – P.91. Keywords: mentor, clinical teaching and learning, nursing studens, clinical learning enviroment. The achievement of nursing studedent's learning outcomes will depends largerly on the mentor's approach to student's teaching, also on institution of practical placement and its preparation to teach and assess the student, and on clinical learning environment. The purpose of this study was to investigate clinical learning environment for nursing student's and teaching/ learning model of professional nursing at university hospital. The aims were: 1. To explore the clinical learning environment for students at university hospital. 2. To evaluate the relationship between nursing students and their mentors during clinical learning and assess student's satisfaction with practical placement. 3. To examine the teaching and learning model of professional nursing at university hospital from the students perspective. Material and methods. Nursing students (from first to fourth year) from Vilnius University, Vilnius College and Utena College that have had their practical placement at Family medical center, surgery and internal diseases units. The anonymous survey was organised... [to full text]

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the ward manager in creating a conducive clinical learning environment for nursing students. An explorative descriptive research method was employed. Findings reveal that the ward managers are generally satisfied with the way in which they handled the important role they play in facilitating teaching and learning for nursing students. They feel strongly, however, that the nursing students themselves need to be active in the learning process. While acknowledging the efforts of the ward managers in creating and maintaining the learning environment, nursing students were dissatisfied about several aspects that appeared to be lacking in the clinical environment, such as good interpersonal relations, support, exposure to practice administrative skills (for example, problem-solving and decision-making) and lack of feedback about their performance. There appears to be a need to develop more effective support structures within the learning environment so that nursing students can obtain sufficient exposure to learning opportunities. / Health Studies / M.A. (Advanced Nursing Sciences)

Magister Curationis - MCur / The purpose of this qualitative explorative study is to explain individualized lived experiences of registered nurses working and participating in clinical supervision for nursing students within the clinical environment at selected hospitals. The study explores the challenges faced by registered nurses on a daily basis on how to structure clinical activities for the nursing students and provide high quality care to patients. / South Africa

Introduction: A trusting relationship between medical learners and clinical teachers is vital for educational and clinical productivity. Perceptions of a trusting relationship are influenced by the learner’s perception of the interpersonal risk (i.e. being humiliated) for engaging in learning behaviours (e.g. asking questions, seeking feedback, learning from mistakes). Perceptions of low interpersonal risk are linked to learners feeling comfortable engaging in learning behaviours. What is less clear is how the clinical environment may influence a medical learner’s perception of trust. Methods: Using constructivist grounded theory, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 19 medical clerks and 10 clinical educators affiliated with a single institution. Interviews explored participants’ personal experiences of positive, negative or challenging learner-teacher relationships in the clinical environment. Results: Through qualitative analysis, we developed a theory of Co-Navigation which describes how teachers and learners have common points of interaction to solidify or diminish trust as they navigate the dynamics of the clinical environment. These points in the relationship that each must co-navigate include: preparing to work together; asking questions; engaging in clinical work; and addressing learner mistakes. Perceptions of whether the opportunity solidified or dissolved trust, arose from learners’ perception of the amount of effort their teacher made to mitigate stress learners experienced in the learning environment. Limitations: Our interview participants were recruited as individuals; we did not examine their perceptions of their relationships with each other. Co-recruitment of teacher-learner dyads may be a strategy to further refine this theory in future research. Conclusion: The Co-Navigation theory helps teachers and learners identify key opportunities in the relationship and suggests approaches to solidifying trust at these critical junctures. It highlights the role the clinical environment plays in facilitating and constraining opportunities to establish trust. / Thesis / Master of Health Sciences (MSc) / This thesis project aimed to understand how the clinical environment shapes the way medical learners interact and build relationships with their clinical teachers. We interviewed medical students and clinical teachers who worked together during the medical learner’s clerkship year of clinical training in various healthcare specialties. In the interviews, we discussed learner experiences of positive and negative relationships with clinical teachers. We developed a theory which describes four opportunities that medical learners and clinical teachers will encounter that can support the development of a trusting relationship. This thesis project will contribute insight into types of interactions that can be highlighted as strategic points for educational interventions and administrative reform, to support the development of trusting learner-teacher relationships during clerkship.