Denna rapport jämför prestanda med Unitys nya inkrementella garbage collection system med deras tidigare stop the world system, samt analyserar effekten av objektpooling på tidsprestanda. De olika systemen testas med hjälp av en förenklad version av ett bullet hell spel, där flertalet kulor skapas och förstörs per sekund. Rapporten finner att användning av objektpooling drastiskt förbättrar prestanda i den givna testmiljön. Rapporten finner även att stop the world presterar något bättre i genomsnitt, men dess extremvärden är markant högre på grund av garbage collection spikar. Rapporten rekommenderar användning av pooling samt användning av det inkrementella garbage collection systemet för att minimera överskridande av spelets tidsbudget per bilduppdatering.

Many of the song cycles written by Schumann have been studied over the years and it is well known that his most prolific time of song production was the year 1840. Myrthen, Op. 25, has been studied less than some of his other cycles because it calls into question the modern view of the song cycle and for this reason is difficult to classify. What is most difficult about the classification of Op. 25 is that there is no immediately apparent narrative. In addition, the musical relationships which exist are usually considered to be of little consequence. What scholars are left with is a group of songs that in Schumann's mind constituted a song cycle but to the modern eye seems to be anything but. The most prevalent view concerning the organization of Op. 25 is that it is a collection of songs. Given his view of Lieder and his compositional process, in addition to the fact that it was presented to Clara as a wedding gift, I believe that Schumann had a specific organization in mind for this work. In this thesis I argue that due to the way in which Schumann conceived of and composed song cycles, the musical relationships are not what bind Op. 25 together although these relationships do exist. Instead, the organization hinges mainly on the text which represents a narrative of the relationship between Robert and Clara, which differs from the modern view of what classifies a group of songs as a cycle.

This paper explores the history of Smith County in Texas. Smith County is located in the pine and post oak belts of Northeastern Texas and is the fourth county southward from the Oklahoma boundary and the third county westward from the Louisiana state line. It covers its topographical features, early Native American life, its Cherokees occupation along with their expulsion, Smith's County's establishment, it's status as a frontier, its ante-bellum period, it's place in the civil war and during reconstruction, industrial revolution, and its conditions during WWI and WWII.

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Sweden is currently going through changes in curricula, syllabuses and subject plans for elementary school and upper secondary school in order to adapt to the growing need of digital competence in the society. Inicio is an organisation that strives to help schools adjust to these changes in strategy. Inicio arranges events where students can work with educational user devices, designed to educate the user in specific areas. Inicio wants to understand how their users learn, while using the educational user devices. This report answers that question through the use of a learning framework that describes how usage data can be collected and analyzed. In addition, the framework allows analysis of both the devices and the events themselves. This gives Inicio the ability to measure the quality of what they provide and make improvements where necessary. The framework is built to be general enough to be applicable for future areas that Inicio may want to expand into. The finished framework is the result of an iterative process where applicability, scalability and ease of use have been the main focus. This report provides results in the form of the framework, two dream scenarios, an implementation example for a current device, documentation and a visual aid to simplify the use of the framework. The dream scenarios are made up use cases designed to test the framework for future products in both hardware and software environments. / Sverige går för närvarande genom förändringar i läroplaner, kursplaner och ämnesplaner för grundskolan och gymnasieskolan för att anpassa sig till det växande behovet av digital kompetens i samhället. Inicio är en organisation som strävar efter att hjälpa skolorna att anpassa sig till dessa förändringar i strategin. Inicio arrangerar events där eleverna kan arbeta med pedagogiska användaranordningar, utformade för att utbilda användaren på specifika områden. Inicio vill förstå hur användarna lär sig, medan de använder de pedagogiska användaranordningarna. Denna rapport svarar på den frågan genom att använda ett inlärningsramverk som beskriver hur användningsdata kan samlas in och analyseras. Dessutom möjliggör ramverket analys av både enheterna och eventen i sig. Detta ger Inicio möjligheten att mäta kvaliteten på vad de tillhandahåller och utföra förbättringar vid behov. Ramverket är byggt för att vara generellt nog för att kunna tillämpas på framtida områden som Inicio kan vilja expandera till. Det färdiga ramverket är resultatet av en iterativ process där användbarhet, skalbarhet och användarvänlighet har varit huvudfokus. Rapporten erbjuder resultat i form av ramverket, två drömscenarier, ett praktiskt exempel för en aktuell anordning, dokumentation och ett visuellt hjälpmedel för att förenkla användningen av ramverket. Drömscenarierna består av användarfall som är utformade för att testa ramverket för framtida produkter i både hårdvaruoch mjukvarumiljöer.

Energy utilization in Sweden has been on a rise since the 1980’s and the industrial sector has been its highest consumer. The construction industry plays a central role in building and developing cities for a population which is increasing rapidly year by year. Environmental awareness has given incentives to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and to make operations more sustainable. The construction industry faces three main challenges in regards to sustainability which are, material usage, vehicle fleets, and machine parks. Vehicles and machines are integral parts within the construction industry, however, how to reduce their environmental impact is a relatively new research area with many challenges. The conclusion that carbon dioxide emissions must be reduced is one that has been reached by the construction industry in Sweden. One way to study this aspect is by collecting and managing data on their fuel consumption since the vehicles and machines operate almost exclusively on fossil fuels. Data collection on fuel consumption by vehicles and machinery will give insight to what factors increase or decrease it. Analyzing these factors will allow for reductions to be made in terms ofcarbon dioxide emissions and costs. The aim of this report is therefore to investigate the aspect of data collection and management on fuel consumption in vehicles and machinery. The report is the result of work conducted in cooperation with the Nordic construction and development company NCC. NCC has set a goal for reducing climate impacts from direct operations by 50% between the years 2015 and 2020. In order for this to be achieved, carbon dioxide emissions resulting from fuel consumption have to be accounted for. As this is a new research area, this report is to serve as a baseline for NCC to get an overview of what challenges and possibilities there are with efficient data collection and management on fuel consumption. The study is initiated by analyzing the three main aspects which are taken into consideration within this study. The first aspect is authoritative requirements which are demands from authorities such as municipalities or the Swedish Transport Administration. The second is the contractors such as NCC which have to meet these requirements. The final aspect is the suppliers who contractors hire for projects. Furthermore, interviews are carried out to gain insight on experiences of persons within the field and the challenges they have faced. A study on Norrtälje Harbor, an old industrial harbor turning into a new city district, is also conducted as there is available data from the vehicles and machines in this project. Finally, a gap-analysis is constructed in order to gain an overview of NCC’s present standings, future goals, andlimitations in terms of data collection and management from vehicles and machinery. The findings of this report conclude that a lack of standard is the biggest challenge which theindustry is facing. Authorities face challenges on how to set standards while the lack of standardsleads to different methods of data collection from contractors and suppliers. It is possible tocollect data from vehicles and machines but calculations are currently based on patterns and donot give a true view of the fuel consumption. Factors, such as driving habits and environment can affect the fuel consumption, therefore the data collected should take all these factors into consideration. Benefits that a company may gain by having this data include increase incompetitiveness due to environmental awareness and transparency as well as also lower costsas less fuel will be purchased. Reducing fuel consumption will ultimately reduce carbon dioxideemissions, which is the industry’s and NCC overall goal. / Energianvändningen i Sverige har stigit sedan 1980-talet och industrisektorn har bidragit mest till detta. Byggbranschen står för utformningen av städer för en snabbt växande befolkning. Miljömedvetenhet har gett organisationer incitament att minska koldioxidutsläppen ochutveckla mer hållbara verksamheter. Materialanvändning, fordonsflottor och maskinparker utgör de tre största utmaningarna inom byggbranschens klimatarbete. Fordon och maskiner är grundläggande delar inom byggbranschens verksamhet, men minskningen av denna miljöpåverkan är ett relativt nytt forskningsområde med många utmaningar. Aktörerna inom byggbranschen har utvecklat klimatstrategier för att minska koldioxidutsläppen där man bland annat vill samla in data om bränsleförbrukningen hos fordon och maskiner. Fordon och maskiner drivs huvudsakligen med fossila bränslen och genom att kartlägga denna förbrukning kan koldioxidutsläppen minskas. Datainsamling om fordon och maskiners bränsleförbrukning ger förståelse gällande vilka faktorersom ökar eller minskar förbrukningen. Genom att analysera dessa faktorer är det möjligt att minska koldioxidutsläpp och kostnader. Syftet med denna rapport är därför att undersöka datainsamling och hantering angående bränsleförbrukning för fordon och maskiner. Rapporten är resultatet av ett arbete som bedrivits i samarbete med det Nordiska bygg- och utvecklingsbolaget NCC. NCC har satt upp ett mål för att minska klimatpåverkan fråndirektverksamheten med 50% mellan åren 2015 och 2020. För att detta ska kunna uppnås måstekoldioxidutsläpp från bränsleförbrukningen redovisas. Eftersom detta är ett nyttforskningsområde, är rapport en utgångspunkt för att NCC ska få en överblick över vilka utmaningar och möjligheter det finns med effektiv datainsamling och hantering avbränsleförbrukning. Studien initieras genom att analysera de tre huvudaspekter som måste beaktas inom detta ämnesområde. Första aspekten är kraven som ställs av myndigheter som kommuner och Trafikverket. Den andra aspekten är NCC entreprenörer som måste uppfylla dessa krav. Sista aspekten är leverantörerna som anställs av entreprenörerna inom projekt. Det övergripandesynsättet i studien är därför att analysera varje aspekt separat för en djupare förståelse för derasrespektive samband inom detta ämne. Vidare genomförs intervjuer för att få insikt omerfarenheter från personer inom studieområdet och de utmaningar de har mött. En studie av Norrtälje hamn, en gammal industrihamn som omvandlas till ett nytt stadsdelsområde,genomförs, eftersom det finns tillgängliga data från fordon och maskiner i detta projekt. Slutligen konstrueras en gapanalys för att få en överblick över NCC:s nuvarande läge, framtidamål och begränsningar när det gäller datainsamling och hantering från fordon och maskiner. Slutsatsen som dras är att brist på standard är den största utmaningen som industrin står inför. Myndigheterna står inför utmaningar om hur man kan ställa krav, medan bristen på dem leder till olika metoder för datainsamling från entreprenörer och leverantörer. Det går att samla in data från fordon och maskiner, men beräkningarna är för närvarande baserade på schabloner och ger inte en sann bild av bränsleförbrukningen. Faktorer som körvanor och miljö kan påverka bränsleförbrukningen, därför bör de insamlade uppgifterna ta hänsyn till alla dessa faktorer. Fördelarna med att ha dessa data tillgängliga är att det öka konkurrensen på grund avmiljömedvetenhet och öppenhet, samt minska kostnader för inköp av bränsle. Att minska bränsleförbrukningen kommer i slutändan att minska koldioxidutsläppen, vilket är branschens och NCC:s övergripande mål.

Construction sites are frequently cited as major sources of pollution that degrade the quality of surface water. The highly erodible topsoil is transported off site by stormwater runoff causing negative effects downstream. Research has shown that the small particles, which are the most susceptible to erosive forces, have more pollutants associated with them than larger soil particles. Currently, in the state of Florida, it is not permissible to discharge water to a receiving water body if the turbidity is more than 29 Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTUs) above background or higher than background for an outstanding Florida water body. The removal of fine suspended sediment from water can be achieved by filtration, settling, and the use of chemical coagulants. Polyacrylamide (PAM), a coagulant, has been shown to be effective in removing fine suspended particles from water via coagulation and flocculation. The Stormwater Management Academy at the University of Central Florida has researched the use of PAM and collection mats in a treatment channel to meet state discharge requirements. In this study, turbid water using sediment from typical Florida soils was simulated and passed through a channel. The channel contained polymer blocks in a configuration previously determined to be the most effective. An important component of the treatment system is the floc collection. This research examined three types of collection mats, namely jute, coconut fiber and polypropylene mix to collect the flocs. This thesis presents the results of this investigation. The results for the sandy soil tests showed an average removal efficiency prior to the collection mat starting at 71% and decreasing to 44% at the end of the tests. The 20-foot coconut mat maintained an average removal efficiency of 90%. The turbidity due to silty-sandy soil was decreased with an average removal efficiency prior to the collection mat ranging from 50% to 65%. The average removal efficiency for the 20-foot coconut mat started at 85%and decreased to 60% during the tests. The turbidity due to crushed limestone showed an average removal efficiency prior to the collection mat ranging from 81% down to 69% over time. The average results from the 20-foot coconut mat ranged from 65% to 80%. Turbidity was tested on the samples under two conditions, a 30 second settling time and completely mixed. Statistical results show a significant decrease (?=0.05) in turbidity between the mixed and settled samples. Statistical analyses were performed on the collected data, which concluded that the capability of the mat to reduce turbidity can be repeated with a 95% confidence interval. The 20-foot length coconut mat had the highest turbidity removal efficiency for every soil type examined. Further statistical analysis showed that the achieved turbidity reduction was significantly different (?=0.05) for the various materials. It was observed that generally, each type of mat clogged during testing indicating that longer collection mats be used, possibly lining the entire channel. Recommendations from this study are to provide a settling area after the collection mats and line the entire length of the channel with the collection mat selected.

What You Leave Behind is a collection of essays framed by the theme of travel. The essays seek to understand the changeability and the consistency of the self when exposed to new cultures and new environments. They also explore what travel tells us about varying world perspectives, and how much of those varying world perspectives people can hope to understand. Lastly, these true-life stories and ruminations explore how travel shapes relationships: familial, romantic, and platonic. At its core, this thesis strives to reveal how traveling can inform the way people understand themselves, the world around them, and the relationships they have with others, both at home and abroad.

In past years many industries have utilized simulation as a means for decision making. That wave has introduced simulation as a powerful optimization and development tool in the manufacturing industry. Input data collection is a significant and complex event in the process of simulation. The simulation professionals have grown to accept it is as a strenuous but necessary task. Due to the nature of this task, data collection problems are numerous and vary depending on the situation. These problems may involve time consumption, lack of data, lack of structure, etc. This study concentrates on the challenges of input data collection for Discrete Event Simulation in the manufacturing industry and focuses particularly on speed, efficiency, data completeness and data accuracy. It has been observed that many companies have recently utilized commercial databases to store production data. This study proposes that the key to faster and more efficient input data collection is to extract data directly from these sources in a flexible and efficient way. An approach is introduced here to creating a custom software tool for a manufacturing setting that allows input data to be collected and formatted quickly and accurately. The methodology for the development of such a custom tool and its implementation, Part Data Collection, are laid out in this research. The Part Data Collection application was developed to assist in the simulation endeavors of Lockheed Martin Missiles and Fire Control in Orlando, Florida. It was implemented and tested as an aid in a large simulation project, which included modeling a new factory. This implementation resulted in 93% reduction in labor time associated with data collection and significantly improved data accuracy.

The Edge of Things is what I like to call a love song to the dispossessed. Each of the eight stories in the collection is an examination of the lives of women who are exiled from modern American consumer culture, whether by circumstance or by choice. This separation brings them heartache, risk, and sometimes even hope. The collection is fueled by the landscape of Florida, observed at its most beautiful and most corrupted, from highways, landfills, and trailer parks to housing developments, gardens, and secret forests. Setting is a constant source of revelation, the external landscape offering insight into the internal struggles of the characters. Regardless of age, race, or sexual orientation, the women of The Edge of Things find themselves moving toward, or just past, incredible changes in their lives. In "Seed of the Golden Mango", "Raising the Dead", and "The Girl Who Loved Bugs", young women deal with the loss of loved ones. The women of "Zyczenie", "It Cannot Hold", and "Wasp Honey" must deal with old losses in order to survive the realities of the outside world that they have long ignored. "The Edge of Things" and "The Secret Letters" both deal with love, and the consequences of an inability to communicate. In each of these tales I hope to present unforgettable characters, women whose journeys will haunt, reminding readers that on some level, the love song of the dispossessed calls to us all.