The collection of personal data has increased and developed side-to-side with the digitalization of society. It has been embedded in digital technologies where the collection and handling of personal data have become a great interest for private and public actors. Previous quantitative studies show a widespread concern with data collection among individuals. Based on 16 semi-structured interviews, this study investigates individuals’ experiences with governmental data collection. The sample of this study consists of individuals who belong to the generation of late millennials. This study investigates how late millennials are experiencing data collection from domestic authorities using David Lyon’s theoretical framework of surveillance imaginaries and surveillance practices. Online privacy literacy is added as a third component to the framework which together with imaginaries and practices form how individuals experience data collection. The results show that the respondents’ imaginaries are built on compliance and trust with data collection from Swedish authorities. The respondents imagine this data collection as an exchange, as public good, as securitization and as harmless. The identified practices displayed how the abstract nature of data collection together with the trust for Swedish authorities created a kind of non-response towards data collection from Swedish authorities. The results also show how the imaginary of trust reduced the need for knowledge. The respondents lack an understanding of how data collection is performed, but it did not influence their imaginaries and practices. This study also concludes how trust for the surveillor leads to compliance with data collection for the surveilled. How perceived trust for the surveillor can reduce an individual’s privacy concerns which influence surveillance imaginaries and practices. This study thus demonstrates the interplay between imaginaries, practices and knowledge in the shaping of individual experience of data collection from domestic authorities.

Projektet handlar om utveckling av ett mätpixelbibliotek och en besöksräknare för företaget Askås. Detta är ett viktigt område på grund av att spårning av användardata på webben blir allt vanligare och låter oss förstå användarbeteende noggrannare. Det största problemet gällande projektet är att användarnas integritet måste skyddas samtidigt som insamlingen sker, därför behöver användarna ge sitt samtycke för insamling av data. Data som kategoriseras som personuppgifter krypteras och tas bort när de inte längre behövs. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att utveckla ett system som både är enkelt att använda och effektivt. För att lösa dessa problem implementeras JavaScript-kod på webbsidor som samlar in data. En server används för att ta emot data, bearbeta den och skicka till en databas. Systemets alla delar tillsammans kallar vi ett mätpixelbibliotek. Resultaten visar att systemet kan samla in och lagra användardata för vidare analys som till exempel för att räkna ut antalet besökare. Systemet testades på en webbsida och visade sig vara funktionellt. Analyser av den insamlade informationen kan ge insikter kring användarbeteende, vilket gör det möjligt att optimera webbplatsen. Sammantaget har projektet uppnått sina mål bestående av mätpixelbibliotek och besöksräknare. Trots det finns det plats för förbättringar och utveckling. / The project involves the development of a data collection system and a visitor-counter for the company Askås. This is an important area due to the tracking of user data on the web is becoming more common and it also allows us to understand user behavior more accurately. The biggest problem regarding the project is that when collecting users data we also have to protect their privacy, therefore the users need to give their consent for the collection of data. Data categorized as personal data is encrypted and deleted when no longer needed. The purpose of this thesis is to develop a system that is both useful and efficient. To solve these problems, JavaScript code that collects the data is implemented on web pages. A server is used to receive the data, process it and send it to a database. The parts of the system together is the data collecting system. The results show that the system can collect and store user data for further analysis like counting a websites number of visitors. The system was tested on a web page and was found to be functional. The analyzes of the collected information can provide insights into user behavior, which makes it possible to optimize the website. Overall, the project has achieved its goals, although there is room for improvement and development.

Non-wetting surfaces offer enhanced capabilities over bare metal substrates for condensation with or without phase change. This trait can be utilized to broaden strategies in combating water scarcity in water stressed areas. Slippery lubricant infused surfaces have the ability to shed water droplets with lower nucleation times, taking advantage of more of the limited amount of time available to collect dew and fog than traditional surfaces. However, existing studies focus on short durations with scant information available on the longer-term performance or durability of the materials in application environments. To address this knowledge gap, dew harvesting studies were conducted over a 96 hour period on a lubricant infused surface vis-à-vis regular surface of the same material. Three phases of performance are identified and discussed with regard to the water harvesting potential. The second part of the thesis addresses water condensation under conditions where freezing is a potential issue. Non-wetting surfaces have been shown to be a promising method of limiting the formation of ice from sessile droplets. This study explores the effect of surface roughness on the freeze time of sessile water droplets. Superhydrophobic and hydrophobic, lubricant infused, copper surfaces were created via electrodeposition and chemical etching in conjunction with chemical treatments to achieve non-wetting surfaces of varying surface textures. Freezing characteristics on the surfaces are studied experimentally and, for the first time, computationally, wherein the surface is described using a fractal surface topography. The effect of surface engineering on the freezing dynamics and comparison between the experimental and the computational studies are elucidated. / Master of Science / The use of durable, water repelling surfaces that are also thermally conductive provide an opportunity to help alleviate strain from a growing world crisis, water scarcity. Lubricant infused surfaces shed water from their surface by providing a slippery layer for the droplets to slide on, as opposed to bare metal which water tends to cling to. This behavior makes lubricant infused surfaces attractive as a water harvesting method. However, these surfaces degrade over time and must be maintained to perform at their maximum capability, collecting water for 40 minutes more than a bare surface. This thesis focuses on the performance of these surfaces over a 96-hour operating period to characterize the effect lubricant drainage has on the water collection behavior. Freezing water droplets, commonly referred to as icing, poses concerns for safety and operational ability in industries like renewable energy generation, where icing limits efficiency. Non-wetting surfaces have a unique ability to inherently slow down the phase change of a water droplet to ice due to the lower contact area of droplets resting on the surface. This thesis examines superhydrophobic and lubricant infused surfaces of varying degrees of roughness to explore the effect that the contact angle and different surface structures have on the freezing rate of water on the surface. The experimental results are compared to numerical simulations, which is useful in designing systems that would implement this passive icing mitigation technique.

When users in the EU visits a website, they will face a cookie consent banner because of the current regulations. A framework called “notice-and-consent” is in place to inform users about cookies and their intentions and to receive consent from the user. Websites have been shown to apply deceptive designs in their cookie notice in order to trick the user into consenting to more cookies than they are aware of, and these deceptive designs are referred to as dark patterns. The framework used today for regulating data collection has met some criticism. It enables businesses to do what they choose with the information they gather as long as they inform the user of their intention. In addition, previous research has shown that businesses can apply dark patterns on the cookie consent notice to gain an economic advantage by making users consent to more cookies than they understand when faced with the decision. This study investigates how websites targeting visitors in Sweden are using dark patterns in their cookie consent notices and how this affects the online experience. Further, this study sought to investigate the end-user’s perception and experience of the data collection climate online by answering the following question: Which dark patterns can be found in the most visited websites in Sweden and how do these affect the users' online experience and perceptions? The research strategy used in this study was a survey strategy. The data collection method was a manual data collection on websites targeting a visitor from Sweden followed by a qualitative online questionnaire, and the data analysis method was a thematic analysis. The study resulted in finding out that 82% of the websites used at least one dark pattern in their cookie and consent interface. The most utilised patterns were Interface interference and Obstruction, found on 62% and 58% of the websites. Most respondents showed signs of irritation or fatigue towards the cookie consent notices or an overall negative perception of the current data collection climate. The respondents also described experiences with the most utilised dark patterns. Further, this study concludes that dark patterns are used as extensively in Sweden as it is in other domains. The regulation that is supposed to protect users might not be the immediate problem but can sometimes be seen as non-existent. A lack of enforcement leads to a market that is free to function on its own. Therefore the responsibility should be removed from the user and instead regulate what is allowed to do with personal data.

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The aim of the diploma thesis is to create a catalog of negatives from the photo archive of ethnographer Antonín Václavík, which is located in the archives of the Museum of Southeast Moravia in Zlín. The introduction to the catalog mentions the biography of Antonín Václavík and his contribution to czech ethnography. Photographic material, its history and characteristics with regard to the processed material are also discussed here. The thesis also includes a dictionary of technical terms and indexes.

In this era of environmental upheaval, this study sought clarity on the matter of green purchasing behavior. How the fashion industry’s specific impact on the environment has affected consumers' attitude towards companies and their collections. It was identified that customers have been requesting sustainable products from their retailers more and more and yet, a conscious willingness to help on the part of the consumer did not necessarily equate to purchasing more sustainable products.  The empirical part of the study was based on a quantitative research approach. The findings and data collection were obtained through an online questionnaire, generating responses from 40 individuals. Deductive reasoning was selected in this thesis as a scientific approach. The research has been done from the consumer's perspective. Furthermore, the collected data that created the hypothesis was analyzed and gathered from existing theories.  The conclusion of this research demonstrated that consumers did possess a willingness to be more conscious of their own climate change footprint by adapting green purchasing intentions such as buying less new clothes at present than 5 years ago. The findings indicated that consumer awareness did not necessarily result in a change in their green buying behavior. Finally, it was found that an unchanged position in consumers' green buying behavior would have been due to a lack of sustainable fashion alternatives readily available. The authors believe that further research is needed to shed light on the divide between consumers' attitude and actual purchasing behavior.

Useless is a short story collection about people who feel lost in the world and go searching for fulfillment. Six disconnected stories about six disconnected people. The collection deals with themes of loss, identity, loneliness and the exploration of niche subcultures.

Primrose and Other Stories is a short story collection that explores themes of family, loss, and legacy.

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