Baigiamajame magistro darbe analizuojama statybos įmonių darbuotojų motyvavimo problema. Darbo tikslas yra sudaryti ir pagrįsti statybos įmonės darbuotojų motyvavimo sistemą, pateikiant ją kaip universalų modelį. Darbe nagrinėjami darbuotojų motyvaciją lemiantys veiksniai; atsižvelgus į statybos įmonių ypatumus, analizuojami motyvavimo būdai. Atliktus anketinį tyrimą, nustatyti poreikiai, motyvavimo veiksniai ir metodai, kurie sukelia statybos darbuotojų pasitenkinimą arba nepasitenkinimą darbu. Darbe yra įvadas, trys skyriai, išvados ir pasiūlymai. Pirmajame skyriuje atlikta užsienio ir Lietuvos autorių darbų darbuotojų motyvavimo klausimais apžvalga. Apžvelgiami egzistuojantys požiūriai į motyvaciją, darbuotojų motyvacijos svarba, motyvacijos teorijos, žmogaus poreikių prioritetai. Išnagrinėti statybos įmonių ypatumai. Antrajame skyriuje formuojama darbuotojų motyvavimo sistema statyboje. Daug dėmesio skiriama veiksniams, kurie daro įtaką statybos darbuotojų motyvacijai: individualūs žmonių skirtumai, darbo charakteristikos, organizacijos makroaplinka, organizacijos mikroaplinka, ekonominiai, psichologiniai, filosofiniai bei teisiniai motyvavimo metodai. Trečiajame skyriuje atliktas statybos darbuotojų motyvavimo tyrimas. Sudarant anketą atsižvelgta į teorinėje dalyje atskleistas problemas ir sudarytą statybos įmonių darbuotojų motyvavimo sistemą. Pagrindinis dėmesys skiriamas asmeninėms žmonių vertybėms, darbuotojų nuomonei apie jų darbą bei motyvaciją. Siekiama... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The final master thesis analyses the problem of motivation of employees of construction companies. The aim of the thesis is to establish and justify the motivation system of employees of construction companies, and present it as a universal model. The thesis analyses the factors, influencing the motivation of employees; with regard to peculiarities of construction companies the motivation techniques are analysed. After a survey research, the needs, motivation factors and methods were determined, which influence the satisfaction or dissatisfaction of construction employees with their work. The thesis consists of an introduction, three chapters, conclusions and proposals. The first chapter includes the performed survey of literature on the motivation of employees by foreign and Lithuanian authors. The existing approaches to motivation, the importance of employees‘motivation, motivation theories, and priorities of human needs are discussed. The second chapter includes the establishment of employees‘motivation system in construction companies. A lot of attention is paid to the factors, which influence the motivation of employees in construction companies; individual human differences, work characteristics, macro-environment of an organisation, micro-environment of an organisation, economic, psychological, philosophic and legal motivation methods. The third chapter includes the performed analysis of the motivation of employees of construction companies. During the preparation of... [to full text]

IT outsourcing is a phenomenon, which popularity among companies is growing all around the world in recent years. The study reviews a variety of IT outsourcing definitions and researches performed in the past in Lithuania. It also explores current tendencies in the field of IT outsourcing. This study seeks to gain information about IT outsourcing trends, risks and reasons in Lithuania. The research explores IT services, which are outsourced in Lithuanian and foreign capital companies and identify the most popular outsourced services as well as most promising services for growth. It also explores what are the most important reasons for outsourcing IT functions between Lithuanian and foreign companies in Lithuania. Furthermore the evaluation of IT outsourcing risks and their importance is performed. / IT užsakomųjų paslaugų pirkimo iš išorės tiekėjų populiarumo didėjimas pastebimas visame pasaulyje. Šiame darbe siekiama išanalizuoti IT užsakomųjų paslaugų sąvokos apibrėžimus bei praeityje atliktų tyrimų rezultatus. Taip pat aprašyti dabartines tendencijas šioje srityje. Darbe tiriami IT užsakomųjų paslaugų pirkimo panašumai ir skirtumai tarp Lietuvos ir užsienio kompanijų veikiančių Lietuvoje. Darbe siekiama nustatyti, kurios IT funkcijos yra labiausiai perkamos iš išorės tiekėjų. Tyrime taip pat vertinamos IT užsakomųjų paslaugų pirkimo priežastys, kurios labiausiai įtakoja strategijos pirkti iš išorės pasirinkimą. Taip pat darbe yra tiriamos rizikos, su kuriomis susiduria kompanijos, pirkdamos šias paslaugas. Siekiama išsiaiškinti, kurios rizikos yra vertinamos kaip pačios svarbiausios priimant sprendimą pirkti paslaugas iš išorės.

Background In recent times the insurance industry has seen rapid migration of clients among the different companies in search of better rates from the latest intermediary. Cancellation and surrenders of policies have marked this migration of clients. Clients are dependent on brokers for advice, thus making client loyalty dependent on the relationship between the intermediary and the client. In this model there is a gap in the relationship between client and company. Objectives The primary objective of this study is to elucidate the preconception that client loyalty is dependent on the relationship that an intermediary has with a client. The secondary objective of this study is to determine how clients' perceptions and attitudes lends itself to either clients remaining with, or leaving a particular insurer in favour of another. Methods Data was collected by means of a research questionnaire received from 50 respondents, made of clients from the Sanlam Broker Services database. Open ended questions and disconfirmation scales were used. One sample chi-square was used to test the hypotheses. Results Despite clients having received expected levels and better than expected levels of service from a company, clients still prefer to deal with an advisor. The factors that affect clients' decision to remain or migrate to another company are service, reputation, performance and rates. The most common factors for discontentment are poor service, misrepresentation, lack of confidentiality, and poor performance. It was also found that that there is a higher degree of awareness and membership among higher income earners than lower income earners. Conclusion It is recommended that more than demographic knowledge be accessed to keep clients loyal. Lifestyle studies need to be conducted and perhaps this information used to develop innovative marketing strategies. Partnerships with successful existing loyalty programmes also need to be explored as a client retention mechanism. Client loyalty cannot be explored in isolation. It must encompass the entire organization. There is ample evidence in the literature review to support this view. / Thesis (MBA)-University of Natal, Durban, 2002.

The rise of the Private Military Industry has been cemented in modern global political reality, but where next will this multi-billion dollar industry go and what form will it take after the market boom of Iraq? Post-Colonial Africa is considered the birthplace of the modern mercenary and historically features prominently as a testament to the potential for immoral privately sponsored military activities within unstable states. Moreover, it is a rich market that the Private Military Industry is increasingly turning its attention to, albeit focussing on support functions for now, but a massive industry with a competitive and poorly regulated market environment will invariably begin to explore different avenues as competition grows. With market diversification grows the ethical risk of abuse. At the same time, peacekeeping efforts across the continent are hampered by numerous factors, not least of all a chronic lack of trained personnel. Could the legal and political legitimacy, not to mention the sustainable market environment sought by the PMI potentially exist in multilaterally sanctioned, privatised peacekeeping and peace support operations in Africa? Can the ethical challenges of mercenarism be suspended or even bypassed for the sake of expedient intervention in potential genocides, or be perhaps pragmatically accepted as an inevitable development that should be embraced rather than condemned, for strategic security reasons? Can the ethical condemnation of the proposed means of peace support be overridden by the potential ends generated by such a move? Is the world ready for privatised peacekeepers? This dissertation explores the ethical background to the privatisation of military operations and how these foreign policy trends and social perceptions of control of force impact on the notion of privatised peacekeeping, particularly in the context of operations in Africa. It investigates the philosophical implications of privatised peacekeeping by way of a constrained pragmatic form of consequentialist evaluation that warns against reckless expediency. Ultimately, this dissertation offers a more philosophically suitable argument to justify and control this seemingly inevitable next step in the trend of privatisation of force. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2008.

Internationalization of industries, international competition, and the deregulation and harmonization within the EC are some of the important factors changing the prerequisites and requirements for effective international transport systems. Thus there is a need for more articulated knowledge regarding the internationalization processes of freight transport companies. In this longitudinal study the internationalization processes of three of the largest freight transport groups in Sweden have been analyzed in terms of changes in foreign representation: agents, join ventures, sales offices, subsidiaries. In addition, the relational effects of these changes on suppliers, owners, and competitors have been analysed. The results show that internationalization patterns change over time. First there was a gradual change of single relationships and systems. As an increasing number of transport companies became internationalized, there was a shift into more leapwise changes of nets of related companies. Furthermore the patterns and effects of internationalization differed between the three cases depending on when their internationalization process started. Typical sequences of changes have been identified to occur over time. As international interconnections between transport companies has increased these sequences have induced the development of domino effects in the network of transport companies. Based on the findings in this dissertation a dynamic model of internationalization is formulated. The model synthesizes the basic driving forces derived from network, distribution and internationalization research / Diss. Handelshögsk. : Stockholm

It has been argued that technology and productivity spillovers from foreign direct investment are the most important channels for the diffusion of modern technology to locally-owned firms in the MNCs’ host countries. Yet, existing empirical studies differ in their appraisals of the size and significance of spillovers. In this dissertation, we examine the technology imports of U.S. multinationals in 33 host countries, and more detailed information on foreign direct investment in Mexican manufacturing in 1970 and 1975, and propose – unlike earlier studies – that spillovers are not only exogenous effects of foreign presence, but also functions of various host country characteristics. We argue that the potential for spillovers from imitation of MNC technology depends on the technology imports of MNC affiliates – these, in turn, seem to be determined by factors such as the host country’s technological capability, the presence of technology transfer requirements, and the level of competition facing the affiliate. Some of the variables also appear to influence the local firms’ abilities and ambitions to imitate MNC technology. In addition, the effects of MNC presence on the level of competition (and the spillovers that occur when local firms are forced to become more efficient in order to maintain profits and market shares) are probably endogenously determined by the behavior of foreign affiliates and local firms: the two types of firms co-exist peacefully in some countries and industries, but compete fiercely in other locations. Consequently, spillovers may be important or insignificant depending on the characteristics of the host country. It is also possible that host country policies have some impact on spillovers. / Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögsk.

Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 65-66).

Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 65-66) Also available in print.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universiẗat Düsseldorf, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 251-266).

Thesis (MScEng (Industrial Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Any growing system is by definition in a transient phase, and consequently exhibits transient-, non-steady state-, unstable behaviour. Accordingly, this form of instability (systemic growth) is by and large conducive to the prosperity of said system. From a Control Systems perspective, transient behaviour that is not subjected to an adequate damping mechanism, does however lead to unavoidable adverse instability. Within the context of business systems, four distinct, yet interconnected entities (raw material, market demand, internal capability to deliver, and cash funds) serve as the damping mechanism to protect companies as a whole, against variation in any of the aforementioned entities. The level of damping afforded by the aforementioned entities is governed by its ability to decouple variation in one entity from undue variation in other entities. The higher the level of instability, the higher the associated level of damping required. The Thesis focuses on core instigators of negative instability within the context of Fast Growing Manufacturing Companies (FGMCs), and ultimately proposes a solution to prevent the regression from positive instability towards negative instability. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Enige groeiende stelsel is per definisie in ’n oorgangsfase en vertoon gevolglik verbygaande-, niestabiele oorgangsgedrag. Dienooreenkomstig is hiérdie vorm van onstabiliteit (sistemiese groei) in die algemeen bevorderlik vir die welvaart van genoemde stelsel. Vanuit ’n Beheerstelsels oogpunt, lei oorgangsgedrag wat nie onderworpe is aan ’n voldoende dempingsmeganisme nie, egter tot onafwendbare negatiewe onstabiliteit. Binne ’n besigheidstelsel konteks dien vier afsonderlike, tog onderlingverbonde entiteite (roumateriaal, markaanvraag, interne bekwaamheid om te lewer, en kontantfondse) as die dempingsmeganisme om besighede holisties te beskerm teen variasie in enige van die voorgenoemde entiteite. Die dempingsvlak wat deur die voorgenoemde entiteite gegun word, word bepaal deur dié se vermoë om variasie in een entiteit te ontkoppel van variasie in ander entiteite. Hoe hoër die vlak van onstabiliteit, hoe hoër die vereiste vlak van demping. Die Tesis fokus op kern aanstigters van negatiewe onstabiliteit binne die konteks van VinnigGroeiende Vervaardigingsbesighede en stel uiteindelik ’n oplossing voor om die regressie vanaf positiewe onstabiliteit na negatiewe onstabiliteit te verhoed.