Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-07-16T19:36:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JOSELMA SOARES DOS SANTOS - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGMAT 2007..pdf: 482798 bytes, checksum: c569721d7def4ccf67efe94c085198f8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-16T19:36:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JOSELMA SOARES DOS SANTOS - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGMAT 2007..pdf: 482798 bytes, checksum: c569721d7def4ccf67efe94c085198f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-04 / Neste trabalho usaremos a Teoria do Ponto fixo em Cones para provar a existência e multiplicidade de solução positiva radial para sistemas de equações diferenciais parciais elípticas de segunda ordem onde 0 < r1 < r2 e a,b são parâmetros não-negativos. * (O resumo original da dissertação aprenta um sistema de equação que não foi possível adiciona-lo aqui. Recomendamos o download do arquivo para acessoao resumo completo) / In this work we will use the Theory of the Fixed Point in Cones to prove the existence and multiplicity of positive solutions for systems of second-ordem elliptic differential equations where 0 < r1 < r2 and a,b are non-negative parameters. * (The original abstract of the dissertation presents an equation system that could not be added here. We recommend downloading the file for access to the full summary)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Neste trabalho, provaremos alguns resultados sobre espectro essencial de uma classe de variedades Riemannianas, nÃo necessariamente completas, com condiÃÃes de curvatura na vizinhanÃa de um raio. Sobre essas condiÃÃes obtemos que o espectro essencial do operador de Laplace contÃm um intervalo. Como aplicaÃÃo, obteremos o espectro do operador de Laplace de regiÃes ilimitadas dos espaÃos formas, tais como a horobola do espaÃo hiperbÃlico e cones do espaÃo Euclidiano. Construiremos tambÃm um exemplo que indica a necessidade das condiÃÃes globais sobre o supremo das curvaturas seccionais fora de uma bola para que a variedade nÃo tenha espectro essencial. / In this thesis we consider a family of Riemannian manifolds, not necessarily complete, with curvature conditions in a neighborhood of a ray. Under these conditions we obtain that the essential spectrum of the Laplace operator contains an interval. The results presented in this thesis allow to determine the spectrum of the Laplace operator on unlimited regions of space forms, such as horoball in hyperbolic space and cones in Euclidean space. Also construct an example that shows the need of global conditions on the supreme sectional curvature outside a ball, so that the variety has no essential spectrum.

Visual sub-modalities, such as colour, form and motion perception, are analysed in parallel by three visual “pathways” – the parvocellular (PC), magnocellular (MC) and koniocellular (KC) pathways. This thesis aims to further elucidate some properties of the subcortical pathways for colour vision. The experimental animal used throughout is a New World monkey, the common marmoset Callithrix jacchus. (For complete abstract open document)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade de padronização dos cones acessórios Fine Medium (FM), Medium (M) e Medium Large (ML) de cinco diferentes marcas comerciais de cones de guta-percha e de uma marca de cone Resilon, através do desenvolvimento de um método automático de processamento e análise digital de imagens. Para tal, 21 cones de cada conicidade e marca comercial foram digitalizados em um scanner com 1200 DPI, o que implica em uma precisão de 0.021 mm, e uma rotina de processamento digital das imagens foi desenvolvida para obter medições automáticas dos seguintes parâmetros: diâmetro da ponta (D0), diâmetro a 3 mm da ponta (D3), diâmetro a 16 mm da ponta (D16), comprimento (L) e conicidade (C). As medidas encontradas foram submetidas a análises estatísticas e comparações entre os grupos das médias de cada parâmetro avaliado. As especificações ANSI/ADA números 57 e 78 foram empregadas como referências para a análise da estandardização dos cones testados. De posse dos resultados, foi possível concluir que existe uma ineficaz padronização dos cones obturadores, os quais apresentaram grandes variações entre as diversas marcas testadas e dentro de uma mesma marca. O método desenvolvido para medição dos parâmetros de controle dos cones se mostrou bastante eficaz, gerando resultados confiáveis. / The present study aimed to evaluate the standardization quality of the accessory gutta-percha cones Fine Medium (FM), Medium (M) and Medium Large (ML) of five different commercial brands of gutta-percha cones and a brand of Resilon cone, through the development of an automated method of digital image processing and analysis sequence. Hence, 21 cones of each conicity and commercial brand were digitalized with a scanner with 1200 DPI, which implicates on a precision of 0,021mm and a sequence of digital image processing were developed to obtain automatic measures of the following parameters: D0, D3, D16, length (L) and conicity (C). The measures found were submitted to statistical analysis and comparisons among the groups of the means of each parameter evaluated. Numbers 57 and 78 ANSI/ADA specifications were used as references to the standardization analysis of the tested cones. Based on the results obtained it was possible to conclude that there is an inefficient standardization of obturating cones, which presented large variations among the different tested brands and in a single brand also. The method developed to measure the parameters of the obturating cones control group was very efficient, producing reliable results.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:36:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoGO_TESE.pdf: 4266324 bytes, checksum: bb1cd99c8e88ba6b14be788a402c2ba0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-24 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The visual system is an important link between the animal and the environment, com profound influences on the habits and lifestyle in various habitats. Adaptive mechanismsto the temporal niche are present in the visual system of many vertebrates, involving changins in ocular dimensios and design, retinal cell distribution and organization of neurochemical circuits related to the retinal resolution or sensitivity. The sensory system of the eye is represented by the retina, whose organization is responsible by receipty, initial analysis, and transmission of the information to the brain. The knowledge of the position of the eyes in the head and the distribution of retinal cells allow to identify adaptive aspects of each species to its visual field, which is characteristic to the ecological niche it occupies. In this research, we study eye anatomical characteristics and retina neurochemical features of the rock cavy (Kerodon rupestris), a tipical Brazilian rodent from the suborder Hystricomorpha, family Caviidae. The rock cavy has lateral eyes well constitute bony orbit and well differentiated extrinsic muscle. The study of the descriptive and morphometric anatomy of the showed mean values of axial diameter 10.7?0,5mm and equatorial diameter 11.6?0.7mm. The pupil is slit shaped and the lens has mean axial diameter 5.4?0.03 mm, corresponding to ~45% of the axial diameter of the eye. The posterior nodal distance and the retinal magnification factor were estimated at 6.74 mm e 118 &#956;m/grau, respectively. Flat mounts were processed for Nissl stain, and the topographic distribution of ganglion cells showed a moderate visual band, just below the optic disc, with higher density in the ventral retina. Retinal vertical sections and flat mounts were processed for immunohistochemistry to visualize tyrosine hydroxilase (TH) and thus two types of TH+ cells were detected. Type 1 cells had strong TH-immunoreactivity, the body cell varied from 120.047 to 269.373 &#956;m2 stratifying in the sublamina 1 of the IPL. Type 2 cells were weakly TH-imunoreactive, had cell body located mostly in the IPL, varying from 54.848 to 177.142 &#956;m2, constituting ~10% of the TH+ cells. Both cell types exhibited similar topographic distribution with higher density found in a horizontal band along of the naso-temporal axis in the dorsal retina. The total population of dopaminergic cells was 2,156?469,4 cells, occupying an average area of 198,164 &#956;m2. The presence of cones and rods was detected by immunohistochemistry in vertical sections and flat mounts. S cones density is around 10 times smaller than L cones, with different degree of spatial organization. Other retinal neuronal populations of the rock cavy were also detected in vertical sections with specific markers. Comparative analysis of the anatomical characteristics of the rock cavy eye 12 suggest that it was designed to acquire higher sensitivity to light, at expense of image sharpness, compatible with a vision at mesopic conditions. Additionally, the distribution of the 2 subtypes of dopaminergic cells in a naso-temporal band in the dorsal retina seems suitable to a gain in sensitivity, coherent with an animal with predominantly crepuscular activity pattern / O sistema visual representa um importante elo entre o animal e o ambiente, com profundas influ?ncias sobre os h?bitos e estilo de vida nos mais diversos habitats. Mecanismos adaptativos ao nicho temporal est?o presentes no sistema visual de muitos vertebrados, envolvendo modifica??es nas dimens?es e desenho ocular, distribui??o de c?lulas retinianas, e organiza??o dos circuitos neuroqu?micos relacionados com a resolu??o ou sensibilidade retiniana. O sistema sensorial do olho ? representado pela retina, cuja organiza??o ? respons?vel pela recep??o, an?lise inicial, e transmiss?o da informa??o para o c?rebro. O conhecimento da posi??o dos olhos na cabe?a e a distribui??o das c?lulas retinianas permitem identificar aspectos adaptativos de cada esp?cie ao seu campo visual, o qual ? caracter?stico ao nicho ecol?gico que ocupa. Nesta pesquisa, estudamos caracter?sticas anat?micas do olho e neuroqu?micos da retina do moc? (Kerodon rupestris), roedor tipicamente brasileiro da subordem Hystricomorpha, fam?lia Caviidae. O moc? tem olhos laterais, ?rbita ?ssea bem constitu?da e musculatura extr?nseca bem diferenciada. O estudo da anatomia descritiva e morfom?trica do olho mostrou valores m?dios de di?metro axial 10.7?0,5mm e di?metro equatorial de 11.6?0.7mm. Possui pupila em fenda e cristalino com di?metro axial m?dio de 5.4?0.03 mm, correspondendo a ~45% do di?metro axial do olho. A dist?ncia nodal posterior e o fator de magnifica??o retiniana foram estimados como sendo 6.74 mm e 118 &#956;m/grau, respectivamente. Montagens planas foram processadas para marca??o de Nissl, e a distribui??o topogr?fica de c?lulas ganglionares mostrou uma moderada faixa visual pouco abaixo do disco ?ptico, com maior densidade na retina ventral. Sec??es verticais e montagens planas da retina foram processadas por imunohistoqu?mica para visualiza??o de tirosina hidroxilase (TH) e dois tipos de c?lulas TH+ foram detectados. As c?lulas do tipo I, apresentaram forte imunorreatividade a TH, corpo celular variando de 120,047 a 269,373 &#956;m2 com estratifica??o na subl?mina 1 da IPL. As c?lulas do tipo II apresentaram fraca imunorreatividade a TH, corpos celulares localizados principalmente na IPL variando de 54,848 a 177,142 &#956;m2, constituindo ~10% das c?lulas TH+. Os dois tipos celulares apresentaram uma similar distribui??o topogr?fica com maior densidade localizada em uma faixa horizontal ao longo do eixo naso-temporal na por??o superior da retina. A popula??o total de c?lulas dopamin?rgicas estimada foi em m?dia 2.156?469.4 c?lulas, com uma ?rea m?dia de 198.164 &#956;m2. A presen?a de cones e bastonetes foi detectada por imunohistoqu?mica tanto em sec??es verticais quanto em montagens planas. Os cones S t?m 10 uma densidade aproximadamente 10 vezes menor dos que os cones L, com diferentes graus de organiza??o espacial. Outras popula??es neuronais da retina do moc? tamb?m foram detectadas em sec??es verticais com marcadores espec?ficos. An?lise comparativa das caracter?sticas anat?micas do olho do moc? sugere que o mesmo foi projetado para adquirir maior sensibilidade ? luz, em detrimento da nitidez da imagem, compat?vel com uma vis?o em condi??es mes?picas. Adicionalmente, a distribui??o dos 2 subtipos de c?lulas dopamin?rgicas em uma faixa naso-temporal na retina superior parece adequada para um ganho em sensibilidade, coerente com as caracter?sticas de um animal com padr?o de atividade predominantemente crepuscular

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade de padronização dos cones acessórios Fine Medium (FM), Medium (M) e Medium Large (ML) de cinco diferentes marcas comerciais de cones de guta-percha e de uma marca de cone Resilon, através do desenvolvimento de um método automático de processamento e análise digital de imagens. Para tal, 21 cones de cada conicidade e marca comercial foram digitalizados em um scanner com 1200 DPI, o que implica em uma precisão de 0.021 mm, e uma rotina de processamento digital das imagens foi desenvolvida para obter medições automáticas dos seguintes parâmetros: diâmetro da ponta (D0), diâmetro a 3 mm da ponta (D3), diâmetro a 16 mm da ponta (D16), comprimento (L) e conicidade (C). As medidas encontradas foram submetidas a análises estatísticas e comparações entre os grupos das médias de cada parâmetro avaliado. As especificações ANSI/ADA números 57 e 78 foram empregadas como referências para a análise da estandardização dos cones testados. De posse dos resultados, foi possível concluir que existe uma ineficaz padronização dos cones obturadores, os quais apresentaram grandes variações entre as diversas marcas testadas e dentro de uma mesma marca. O método desenvolvido para medição dos parâmetros de controle dos cones se mostrou bastante eficaz, gerando resultados confiáveis. / The present study aimed to evaluate the standardization quality of the accessory gutta-percha cones Fine Medium (FM), Medium (M) and Medium Large (ML) of five different commercial brands of gutta-percha cones and a brand of Resilon cone, through the development of an automated method of digital image processing and analysis sequence. Hence, 21 cones of each conicity and commercial brand were digitalized with a scanner with 1200 DPI, which implicates on a precision of 0,021mm and a sequence of digital image processing were developed to obtain automatic measures of the following parameters: D0, D3, D16, length (L) and conicity (C). The measures found were submitted to statistical analysis and comparisons among the groups of the means of each parameter evaluated. Numbers 57 and 78 ANSI/ADA specifications were used as references to the standardization analysis of the tested cones. Based on the results obtained it was possible to conclude that there is an inefficient standardization of obturating cones, which presented large variations among the different tested brands and in a single brand also. The method developed to measure the parameters of the obturating cones control group was very efficient, producing reliable results.

Radio emission from pulsars is believed to originate from charged particles streaming along the open magnetic field lines, radiating within a narrow cone at each of the two magnetic poles. In each rotation of the star, the emission beam sweeping across the observer’s line of sight, is seen as a pulse of radio emission. Average pulse profiles integrated over several hundreds of individual pulses, along with polarization information, reveal the viewing geometry and various emission properties(e.g., emission in multiple cones, frequency dependence of the emission altitude, notches in the average profiles, etc.), and provide some clues about the possible emission mechanisms. The sequence of individual pulses generally exhibit richer details, e.g., pulse-nulling, variety of subpulse drifting, polarization mode-changing, micro-structure and giant pulse emission, etc., and seem to be more crucial and promising in probing the underlying physical processes. The physical understanding of many of the above properties and phenomena is still far from complete. In first two parts of this thesis, we address a few of these aspects, and probe related details by mapping the pulsar polar emission patterns, while in the last part, we present our searches for dispersed signals(periodic as well as transient) at very low frequencies. More specifically, Part-I makes use of the present understanding of drifting subpulses phenomenon to reconstruct the emission patterns in nearly complete polar cap region of the pulsar B1237+25, and addresses the origin of emission in multiple cones using these reconstructed emission maps. In Part-II, we discuss a need for new instrumentation primarily motivated by the need for tomographic studies of pulsar polar emission regions. We report the consequent design and development of a novel, self-contained multi-band receiver (MBR)system, intended for use with a single large aperture to facilitate sensitive and high time-resolution observations simultaneously in 10 discrete frequency bands sampling a wide spectral span(100–1500MHz) in a nearly log-periodic fashion. Part-III presents our deep searches designed to detect radio transient as well as periodic signals from the (so far) “radio-quiet” gamma-ray pulsars — a population of radio silent pulsars recently discovered using the Large Area Telescope on the Fermi-satellite. Brief descriptions of the issues addressed in the three parts of the thesis, along with a summary of respective results, is as follows. 1. Origin of Radio Emission in Multiple Cones Many pulsars exhibit systematic variations in position and intensity of their subpulses, a phenomenon now well known as “subpulse drifting”. Ruderman & Sutherland(1975) suggested this regular modulation to be a manifestation of a carousel of “spark” discharges in the acceleration zone of the star, circulating around the magnetic axis because of the E×B drift. In the qualitative framework of the above carousel model, the coherent modulation in a subpulse sequence can be mapped back to the underlying pattern of sub-beams/emission-columns (see, for example, Deshpande & Rankin, 1999). However, the completeness with which the underlying configuration of sub-beams can be sampled depends on how close our line of sight approaches the magnetic axis. The bright pulsar B1237+25 has a special viewing geometry where the sightline traverses almost through the magnetic axis, thus providing an excellent opportunity to map and study the underlying patterns across the full transverse slice of its polar emission region. However, the rich variety in pulse-to-pulse fluctuations in this pulsar makes this task challenging. In Chapter 2, we present our analysis of a number of pulse-sequences from this star observed with the Arecibo telescope, wherein we search for, and use, coherent modulation in sub-sequences, to map the underlying emission patterns. The reconstructed maps provide a convenient way to study the details in multiple emission cones, and any inter-relationship between them. More specifically, we have utilized these maps to explore whether the multiple cones of this pulsar originate from a common seed pattern or not. A summary of results The results obtained from our study of B1237+25 are summarized below: 1 The underlying carousel of sparks for this pulsar appears to lack stability over long durations. The circulation period, deduced using smaller length sub-sequences, appears to vary over a large range(about18 to34 times the rotation period). 2. The emission patterns corresponding to the outer and the inner cones are found to be significantly correlated with each other, implying that the emission in the two cones share a common seed pattern of sparks. This main result is consistent with the same radio frequency emission in the two cones, originating from a common seed pattern of sparks at two different altitudes. 3 The emission patterns corresponding to the outer and the inner cones are found to be offset from each other, consistently across various sub-sequences, by about 10◦ in magnetic azimuth. This large offset indicates certainly a twist in the emission columns, and most likely in the magnetic field geometry, between the two different emission altitudes. 4. The core component also seems to share its origin with the conal counterparts. Presence of a compact, diffuse and further-in carousel of sub-beams is consistent with the observed modulation in the core component of this pulsar. The featureless spectrum observed for many core-single pulsars can be explained readily when the diffuse pattern approaches uniformity. 2.Tomography of the Pulsar Magnetosphere: Development of a Multi-band Receiver Although drifting subpulses are now routinely interpreted in the qualitative framework of the carousel model, estimation of circulation time associated with the system of emission columns has been possible so far in only a handful of pulsars, and the important details determining such configurations, their evolution across the magnetosphere, and the pattern circulation are yet to be understood. Radius-to-frequency mapping in pulsars suggests that the lower frequency emission originates farther away from the surface of the star than the higher frequency emission. Hence, the sub-beam configuration mapped at a particular frequency provides a view of a single slice of the polar emission region at the corresponding emission altitude. Mapping of the underlying emission patterns simultaneously at a number of frequencies would amount to viewing a “tomograph” of the pulsar magnetosphere. Such tomographic studies would reveal not only the evolution of sub-beams across the magnetosphere but can also provide much needed clues about the generation of the sub-beam patterns, and their possible connection with the profile/polarization mode changes observed in various pulsars. Simultaneous multi-frequency observations, which are required for many other interesting astronomical studies as well, are usually carried out by using several telescope, each observing at different frequency. Such an approach has inherent complexity in coordinating various telescopes, in addition to numerous other difficulties which limit the desired advantages of such observations. Some of these difficulties, which we faced in our attempt of carrying out simultaneous multi-frequency observations using five different telescopes, are discussed in Chapter 3. We suggest an optimum approach to carry out simultaneous multi-frequency observations, using a single large aperture. In Chapter 4, we present the design of a novel, “self-contained” multi-band receiver(MBR) system developed for this purpose. The MBR system includes a suitable feed, broadband front-end, parallel analog and digital receiver pipelines, along with appropriate monitoring, synchronization and data recording systems. When used with a large aperture, the MBR facilitates high time-resolution observations simultaneouslyin10discretefrequencybandssampling a wide spectral span(100–1500MHz) in a nearly log-periodic fashion. The raw voltage time sequences corresponding to each of the two linear polarization channels for each of the 10 spectral bands are simultaneously recorded, each sampling a bandwidth of 16 MHz at the Nyquist rate. The dual-polarization multi-band feed, a key component of the MBR, is designed to have good responses only overthe10discretebandspre-selected as relatively RFI-free, and hence provides preliminary immunity against RFI. The MBR also offers significant tunability of the center frequencies of each of the 16-MHz sub-bands separately, within the spectral spans of respective bands. Similarity of the 10 sub-band receiver chains provides desired compatibility, in addition to an easy inter-changeability of these units, if required, and an overall modularity to the system. The MBR was used with the 110 meter Green Bank Telescope to conduct test observations on a few bright continuum sources, and about 20 hours of observations on a number of bright pulsars. Using these observations, we have constructed a preliminary tomograph of the polar emission region of B0809+74, and studied the spectral evolution of emission altitudes and flux density ofB0329+54(Chapter5). Although the MBR system design is optimized for tomographic studies of pulsar polar emission regions, the simultaneous multi-frequency observations with such a system offer particular advantages in fast transient searches. The MBR is also suitable for several other astronomical investigations, e.g., studying the spectral evolution of average properties of pulsars and propagation effects, single-dish continuum studies and surveys/studies of recombination lines. 3. Searches for Decameter-wavelength Counterparts of Radio-quiet Gamma-ray Pulsars Before the launch of the Fermi gamma-ray space telescope, the “radio-quiet” gamma-ray pulsar population consisted of only one pulsar ,i.e., Geminga (for example, see Bignami& Caraveo,1996; Abdo etal.,2009). High sensitivity of the Large Area Telescope(LAT) on the Fermi-satellite made it possible, for the first time, to perform blind searches for pulsars in γ-rays. Since the Fermi-operation started, the number of pulsars known to emit in γ-rays has seen an extraordinary increase — from less than 10 to 117 pulsars. About one-third of these pulsars have been discovered in blind searches of the LAT data. Despite deep radio searches, only 4 of these LAT-discovered pulsars could be detected, suggesting the rest of these to be “radio-quiet” gamma-ray pulsars. One of the possible explanations for the apparent absence of radio emission from these pulsars is that their narrow radio beams miss the line of sight towards earth (Brazier & Johnston, 1999), and hence appear as “radio-quiet”. The radius-to-frequency mapping in radio pulsars suggests that the emission beam becomes wider at low frequencies, increasing the probability of our line of sight passing through the beam. However, all of the deep searches mentioned above were carried out at higher radio frequencies(∼1GHz and above, and some at300MHz,Ray etal.,2011;Pletsch etal.,2012),and the lower frequency domain(<≈100 MHz) has remained relatively unexplored. Given the expected widening of emission beam, follow-up searches of the radio-quiet pulsars at low radiofrequencies could also be revealing. With this view, we searched the archival data of the pulsar/transient survey at 34.5 MHz, carried out using the Gauribidanur telescope during 2002-2006,for any periodic or transient dispersed signal along the direction of many of the LAT-discovered pulsars. Motivated by an intriguing possible detection of the pulsar J1732−3131 from the above search, we carried out further extensive follow-up observations and deep searches for pulsed(periodic as well as transient) radio emission from a selected sample of radio-quiet pulsars. Chapters 6 and 7 present details of our observations, detection strategies and methodologies, and interesting results obtained in a few of the target directions. The results obtained from these searches include: 1 A possible detection of periodic radio pulses from J1732−3131 was made, using the archival data, at a dispersion measure(DM) of15.44 ±0.32 pc/cc. We also detected 10 individual bright pulses in the same observing session, although marginally above the detection threshold, at a DM consistent with that associated with the periodic signal. The apparent brightness of these single pulses, and similarity of their apparent distribution in pulse-longitude with that of giant pulses in J0218+4232, suggest that these might be giant pulses. Our DM-based distance estimate, using Cordes & Lazio electron density model(2002),matches well with earlier estimates based on gamma-ray emission efficiency. 2 In our follow-up deep searches, we could not detect any readily apparent pulsed radio signal(neither periodic nor single pulses) from J1732−3131, i.e., above a detection threshold of 8σ. However, when we time-aligned and co-added data from observing sessions at 21different epochs, and dedispersed using the DM estimated from the candidate detection, the average profile shape is found to be completely consistent with that from the candidate detection. Finding the same profile shape after 10 years of the original detection suggests that the signal is unlikely to be due to RFI or a mere manifestation of random noise. 3.In a couple of the observing sessions towards the telescope pointing direction of RA=06:34:30, DEC=10◦ , we detected a few ultra-bright pulses at two different DMs of about2pc/cc and3.3 pc/cc, respectively. However, when dedispersed at the DMs suggested by the bright single pulses, no significant signal was found at the expected periodicities of our targetpulsarsJ0633+0632 andJ0633+1746,which would be in the telescope beam centered at above coordinates. Energies of these strong pulses in the two observing sessions are comparable to typical energies of giant pulses from the Crab pulsar at decameter wavelengths. 4. No significant pulsed signal(periodic or transient), above a detection threshold of 8σ,was found towards the directions of other selected radio-quiet gamma-ray pulsars. Time-aligning and combining of observations at different epochs allowed us to carry out deep searches for signals at the expected periodicities of these pulsars. Despite the large background sky-temperature at decameter wavelengths, the minimum detectable flux density in our deep searches are comparable with those from previous searches at higher frequencies, when scaled using a spectral index of −2.0 and assuming no turn-over in the spectrum.

Orientadores: Sandra Augusta Santos, Roberto Andreani / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matematica, Estatistica e Computação Cientifica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T11:40:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Shirabayashi_WesleyVagnerInes_D.pdf: 877226 bytes, checksum: a814cd9947431a0aee17517c4cc953f4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Neste trabalho reformulamos o problema de complementaridade não linear generalizado (GNCP) em cones poliedrais como um sistema não linear com restrição de não negatividade em algumas variáveis, e trabalhamos na resolução de tal reformulação por meio de estratégias de pontos interiores. Em particular, definimos dois algoritmos e provamos a convergência local de tais algoritmos sob hipóteses usuais. O primeiro algoritmo é baseado no método de Newton, e o segundo, no método tensorial de Chebyshev. O algoritmo baseado no método de Chebyshev pode ser visto como um método do tipo preditor-corretor. Tal algoritmo, quando aplicado a problemas em que as funções envolvidas são afins, e com escolhas adequadas dos parâmetros, torna-se o bem conhecido algoritmo preditor-corretor de Mehrotra. Também apresentamos resultados numéricos que ilustram a competitividade de ambas as propostas. / Abstract: In this work we reformulate the generalized nonlinear complementarity problem (GNCP) in polyhedral cones as a nonlinear system with nonnegativity in some variables and propose the resolution of such reformulation through interior-point methods. In particular we define two algorithms and prove the local convergence of these algorithms under standard assumptions. The first algorithm is based on Newton's method and the second, on the Chebyshev's tensorial method. The algorithm based on Chebyshev's method may be considered a predictor-corrector one. Such algorithm, when applied to problems for which the functions are affine, and the parameters are properly chosen, turns into the well-known Mehrotra's predictor corrector algorithm. We also present numerical results that illustrate the competitiveness of both proposals. / Doutorado / Otimização / Doutor em Matemática Aplicada

A partial matrix, is a matrix for which some entries are specified and some unspecified. In general completion problems ask whether a given partial matrix, may be completed to a matrix where all the entries are specified, such that this completion admits a specific structure. The positive definite completion problem asks whether a partial Hermitian matrix admits a completion such that the completed matrix is positive semidefinite. The minimum solution criterion, is that every fully specified principal submatrix is nonnegative. Then the set of partial Hermitian matrices, which admit a positive semidefinite completion, forms a convex cone, and its dual cone can be identified as the set of positive semidefinite Hermitian matrices with zeros in the entries that correspond to non-edges in the graph G: Furthermore, the set of partial Hermitian matrices, with non-negative fully specified principal minors, also forms a convex cone, and its dual cone can be identified as the set of positive semidefinite Hermitian matrices which can be written as the sum of rank one matrices, with underlying graph G. Consequently, the problem reduces to determining when these cones are equal. Indeed, we find that this happens if and only if the underlying graph is chordal. It then follows that the extreme rays of the cone of positive semidefinite Hermitian matrices with zeros in the entries that correspond to non-edges in the graph G is generated by rank one matrices. The question that arises, is what happens if the underlying graph is not chordal. In particular, what can be said about the extreme rays of the cone of positive semidefinite matrices with some non-chordal pattern. This gives rise to the notion of the sparsity order of a graph G; that is, the maximum rank of matrices lying on extreme rays of the cone of positive semidefinite Hermitian matrices with zeros in the entries that correspond to non-edges in the graph G: We will see that those graphs having sparsity order less than or equal to 2 can be fully characterized. Moreover, one can determine in polynomial time whether a graph has sparsity order less than or equal to 2, using a clique-sum decomposition. We also show that one can determine whether a graph has sparsity order less than or equal to 2, by considering the characteristic polynomial of the adjacency matrix of certain forbidden induced subgraphs and comparing it with the characteristic polynomial of principal submatrices of appropriate size. / MSc (Mathematics), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

A partial matrix, is a matrix for which some entries are specified and some unspecified. In general completion problems ask whether a given partial matrix, may be completed to a matrix where all the entries are specified, such that this completion admits a specific structure. The positive definite completion problem asks whether a partial Hermitian matrix admits a completion such that the completed matrix is positive semidefinite. The minimum solution criterion, is that every fully specified principal submatrix is nonnegative. Then the set of partial Hermitian matrices, which admit a positive semidefinite completion, forms a convex cone, and its dual cone can be identified as the set of positive semidefinite Hermitian matrices with zeros in the entries that correspond to non-edges in the graph G: Furthermore, the set of partial Hermitian matrices, with non-negative fully specified principal minors, also forms a convex cone, and its dual cone can be identified as the set of positive semidefinite Hermitian matrices which can be written as the sum of rank one matrices, with underlying graph G. Consequently, the problem reduces to determining when these cones are equal. Indeed, we find that this happens if and only if the underlying graph is chordal. It then follows that the extreme rays of the cone of positive semidefinite Hermitian matrices with zeros in the entries that correspond to non-edges in the graph G is generated by rank one matrices. The question that arises, is what happens if the underlying graph is not chordal. In particular, what can be said about the extreme rays of the cone of positive semidefinite matrices with some non-chordal pattern. This gives rise to the notion of the sparsity order of a graph G; that is, the maximum rank of matrices lying on extreme rays of the cone of positive semidefinite Hermitian matrices with zeros in the entries that correspond to non-edges in the graph G: We will see that those graphs having sparsity order less than or equal to 2 can be fully characterized. Moreover, one can determine in polynomial time whether a graph has sparsity order less than or equal to 2, using a clique-sum decomposition. We also show that one can determine whether a graph has sparsity order less than or equal to 2, by considering the characteristic polynomial of the adjacency matrix of certain forbidden induced subgraphs and comparing it with the characteristic polynomial of principal submatrices of appropriate size. / MSc (Mathematics), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015