Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T17:17:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 22 / Nenhuma / As transformações ocorridas no Direito, provocadas pelo constitucionalismo contemporâneo estabelecem novas funções ao jurista, em razão destas novas funções, o jurista prescinde de novas habilidades, que o tornem apto ao exercício destas novas funções. O desenvolvimento destas habilidades, por meio do ensino jurídico, o qual necessita adotar um caráter transdisciplinar, disposto a consolidar uma formação que desenvolva no bacharelando um horizonte teórico que possibilite a ele a construção de uma nova prática, constitucionalmente adequada. Neste intuito, a produção de conhecimentos jurídicos pode ser um instrumento importante, a medida que colabora na construção de uma nova cultura jurídica, embasada pela dinâmica constitucional, sua proposta ético-política e seu projeto de sociedade. Esta nova cultura jurídica de orientação constitucional, evoca uma nova prática jurídica, a qual irá refleti-la no cotidiano da vida jurídica. Em razão deste esforço em trazer a Constituição para a atuação prática, é que a produ / The occurred transformations in the Law, provoked for the contemporary constitutionalism establishes new functions to the jurist, in reason of these new functions, the jurist dispense with new abilities that become it apt to its exercise of these new functions. The development of these abilities, by means of legal education, which needs to adopt a transdicipline character, prepared to consolidate a formation that develops in bachelor a theoretical horizon that makes possible it a construction of a new practical, constitutionally adjusted. In this intention the production of legal knowledge can be an important instrument, the measure that of its contribution in the construction of a new legal culture, based for the constitutional dynamics, its proposal ethical-politics and its project of society. This new legal culture of constitutional orientation evokes a new legal practical, which will go reflect it in the daily of the legal life. In reason of this effort in bringing the Constitution for its effectiveness,

Le principal dessein de cette recherche consiste à suggérer une nouvelle hypothèse pour rendre intelligible la fabrique des constitutions en Afrique et partant rouvrir l’instance pendante du « procès en mimétisme » dont elle a longtemps été l’objet. Tout au long de leur histoire, les pays d’Afrique subsaharienne ont été imprégnés de représentations contradictoires du politique, justifiant ainsi le caractère ambivalent des structures politiques actuelles qui d’une certaine façon porte l’empreinte de ce processus de gestation troublée. Le processus de structuration politique de ces États amorcé depuis la période coloniale s’apparente à un « roman à la chaine » dont les chapitres n’ont pas cessé de se faire et de se défaire, à plusieurs « mains », locale et occidentale, à l’épreuve de cultures différentes. L’ordre constitutionnel qui en résulte renferme des références identitaires distinctes voire antinomiques, ayant une configuration protéiforme. Ce faisant, le constitutionnalisme des pays d’Afrique subsaharienne semble s’être installé dans l’hybride à la jonction des orientations inspirées par les États « du Nord » et réinterprétées par ceux qu’on dit « du Sud ». La circulation des modèles constitutionnels ou des « cultures constitutionnelles » en Afrique subsaharienne s’accompagne ainsi d’une réappropriation contextuelle. Tout se passe alors comme si le constitutionnalisme de ces pays était pris dans un tourbillon tissé d’imaginaires imbriqués. Il en résulte une tension entre les « standards constitutionnels » occidentaux et « les localismes constitutionnels ». On est donc loin de l’espace de mimesis, ou de celui de « l’isomorphisme constitutionnel » suggéré par certains auteurs comme paradigme explicatif du constitutionnalisme en Afrique. Nous suggérons plutôt l’idée d’un « polymorphisme constitutionnel » qui résulte d’une ré-imagination constitutionnelle néanmoins inachevée. Cette étude en fera la démonstration. / The main purpose of this research is to suggest a new hypothesis to make intelligible the making of constitutions in Africa and thus reopen the pending instance of the "mimicry trial" of which it has long been the object. Throughout their history, the countries of sub-Saharan Africa have been imbued with contradictory representations of politics, thus justifying the ambivalent nature of current political structures which in a way bears the indelible imprint of this process of troubled gestation. The process of political structuring of the States of sub-Saharan Africa initiated since the colonial period is similar to a "chain novel" whose chapters have not ceased to be made and undone, with several "hands", local and Western, to the test of distinct cultures. The resulting constitutional order contains distinct and even contradictory identity references, with a protean configuration. In doing so, the constitutionalism of the countries of sub-Saharan Africa seems to have settled in the hybrid at the junction of the orientations inspired by the States "of the North" and reinterpreted by those who are said to be "of the South". The circulation of constitutional models or “constitutional cultures” in sub-Saharan Africa is therefore accompanied by a contextual reappropriation. Everything then happens as if the constitutionalism of African countries were caught in a whirlwind woven of intertwined imaginaries. The result is a tension between Western “constitutional standards” and “constitutional localisms”. We are far from the space of mimesis, or that of “constitutional isomorphism” suggested by certain authors as an explanatory paradigm of constitutionalism in Africa. Rather, we suggest the idea of a “constitutional polymorphism” that results from an unfinished constitutional re-imagining. This study will demonstrate this.