Denna studie har undersökt hur en svensk konsultbyrå som arbetar både internt och externt har implementerat digitala konferensverktyg som har blivit påtvingade av Covid-19 pandemin. Studien bygger på en kvalitativ fallstudie där totalt sex digitala intervjuer gjordes med tre konsulter, en konsultchef, en kommunikationschef och en försäljningschef. Resultatet har analyserats med hjälp av Kim och Chungs (2017) teoretiska ramverk. Studiens teoretiska implikationer är att tvång av anpassning förändrar dynamiken av en implementeringsprocess, att implementeringsprocessen ej är linjär. Studiens praktiska implikationer är att tvång, även om det anses oetiskt, kan användas som ett styrredskap, men även att en ledning som kompetensutvecklar och skapar trygghet underlättar innovationsimplementering. / This study has examined how a Swedish consulting firm which works both internally and externally has implemented digital conference tools that have been imposed by the global pandemic Covid-19. The study is based on a qualitative case study where a total of six digital interviews were conducted with three consultants, one consulting manager, one communications manager and one sales manager. The results have been analyzed using Kim and Chung's (2017) theoretical framework. The theoretical implications of the study is that the forced aspect changes the dynamics of an implementation process and that the process is not linear. The practical implications of the study is that force, even if it is regarded unethical, can be used as a management tool, but also that a top-management that develops the skills of the workforce and that creates a sense of safety facilitates innovation implementation.

In contemporary crime drama there has been a shift of main character from the forensic scientist to the consultant. This put the representation of knowledge in a different light. In this study the focus is on how, and what kind of cognitive processes and knowledge are represented in two crime dramas with consultants as main characters; CSI: Crime Scene Investigation and Sherlock. Basing the analysis on concepts of cognitive processes and knowledge, it becomes evident that due to the shift in main character the representation of knowledge also has changed; from an institutionalized and science based view on knowledge to the legitimization of a personal, uncritical and fast way of gathering knowledge.

Revisorer har sedan länge kopplats till professionella bedömningar men idag visar trenden allt mer på ett arbetssätt med mer användning av formalia. Även ett behov av revisorns tjänster och konsulttjänster förekommer allt mer hos klienten. Syftet med studien är att förstå hur klienten upplever revisorns användning av formalia i arbetsprocessen gentemot klienten i form av olika formella dokument för både stora som små företag. Studien bygger på en kvalitativ undersökning och abduktiv ansats då vi växlar mellan empirisk och teoretisk reflektion. Vår intervjuguide var till en början utforskande och utvecklades till att bli mer semistrukturerad. För att uppnå syftet med studien har vi genomfört elva intervjuer där vi har begränsat vårt urval till klienter som arbetar som redovisningsansvarig/chef och ekonomiansvarig/che f i södra Sverige. Eftersom revisorns tjänster erbjuds till klienten är denna studie analyserad utifrån ett klientperspektiv. Klientperspektivet hjälper oss att besvara frågor kring hur revisorer arbetar med formalia och hur dessa upplevs. Denna studie bidrar till diskussionen kring klienten som erhåller en formalia att följa, likt en förberedelselista, inför varje bokslutsmöte med revisorn. Utifrån förberedelselistan förbereder klienten dokument som efterfrågas av revisorn. Resultatet indikerar att klienter ställer sig positivt till arbetet med formalia där onödiga moment reduceras i samarbetet med revisorn och att arbetet med formalia gynnar klientens verksamhet på så sätt att verksamheten kan visa sin legitimitet gentemot sina intressenter. Vi identifierar klientens upplevelser kring revisorns användning av formalia och visar en förståelse för klientens synpunkter och värderingar vid revision. / Accountants have long been linked to professional judgements but the current situation shows an increasing trend on an approach with more use of formality. The client is in existing need of use of auditand consulting services. The study’s purpose is to contribute better understanding and analysis of how clients perceive auditors’ structural use of formalities towards them. The study is based on a qualitative survey with abductive approach as we alternate between empirical and theoretical reflection. The interviewguide has evolved to become more semi-structured. In order to achieve the purpose of the study we have completed eleven interviews which we have limited our selection to clients in southern Sweden. As the auditor’s services are offered to the client, this study is analyzed based on clients’ perspective. The clientperspective helps us to answer questions concerning how accountants are working with formalities and how these are perceived. This study contributes to discussion of clients who receives formality, similar to a preparation list, before each year-end meeting with the auditor. Based on the preparatory list, the client prepares documents requested by the auditor. It indicates that the client is in favor of working with formalities with reduced unnecessary moments under the cooperation. To work with the formalities favors the client's business so that they can prove its legitimacy to stakeholders. We are identifying client experiences of auditor’s use of formalities and presenting an understanding of client’s views and values at audit.

Submitted by PPG Servi?o Social (servico-social-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-01-24T16:08:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o - Afr?nnia Hemanuelly Castanho Duarte.pdf: 1983314 bytes, checksum: b3e2f4c241bed3231580d19d7d8511da (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-01-31T11:10:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o - Afr?nnia Hemanuelly Castanho Duarte.pdf: 1983314 bytes, checksum: b3e2f4c241bed3231580d19d7d8511da (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-31T11:22:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o - Afr?nnia Hemanuelly Castanho Duarte.pdf: 1983314 bytes, checksum: b3e2f4c241bed3231580d19d7d8511da (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-16 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The present dissertation systematizes the path and the results of the research developed during the Master's in Social Work in the Graduate Program of the School of Humanities of PUCRS. The main purpose was to analyze the work process and the conceptions of reception in health in the street space to identify the perception of the professionals of the Street Clinic and the users of the National Movement of Street Population (MNPR) in Porto Alegre to offer subsidies for the effective reception of this population and their rights guarantee. We start from the understanding of the critical dialectical method and we used the mixed approach to analyze quantitative and qualitative data. We used the technique of bibliographical and empirical research from the semi structured interviews conducted with the subjects. Our research was made of twelve (12) workers at the Street Clinic, which corresponds to a public service, managed by the Porto Alegre City Hall and the fifteen (15) representatives of the MNPR of the same municipality. The subjects of the study were defined by sample of the intentional type and the data collected through interviews with six (6) workers and four (4) members (representative) of the MNPR. It is possible to affirm that the conception of health reception in the street space for workers is intertwined with work process? strategies, based on SUS that guarantee the access of this population to health and intersectoral services. These strategies are entangled with active pursuit, approach, listening, welcoming, bonding, trust, sensitivity, persistence, and others. About the users, conception doesn?t pervade both the applicability and construction of this work process as for the workers, but it happens through the perception and sense of who receives this reception, and how this team reaches them all. The users show us perceptions and meanings of being treated as human rights by this team, who respect their ways of life and build relationships of affection and equality. / A presente disserta??o sistematiza o caminho e os resultados da pesquisa desenvolvida durante a realiza??o do Mestrado em Servi?o Social no Programa de P?s-Gradua??o da Escola de Humanidades da PUCRS, que teve por intuito principal analisar o processo de trabalho e as concep??es de acolhimento em sa?de no espa?o da rua, a fim de identificar a percep??o dos (das) trabalhadores (as) do Consult?rio na Rua e dos (as) usu?rios (as)- representantes do Movimento Nacional da Popula??o de Rua (MNPR) de Porto Alegre para oferecer subs?dios para o efetivo acolhimento dessa popula??o e sua garantia de direitos. Para realiza??o do estudo, partimos do entendimento do m?todo dial?tico cr?tico e utilizamos o enfoque misto para an?lise de dados quantitativos e qualitativos. Utilizamos a t?cnica de pesquisa bibliogr?fica e emp?rica a partir das entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com os sujeitos. O universo da nossa pesquisa foi retirado da totalidade de doze (12) trabalhadores do Consult?rio na Rua, que corresponde a um servi?o p?blico, gerenciado pela Prefeitura Municipal de Porto Alegre e dos quinze (15) usu?rios (as) representantes do MNPR do mesmo munic?pio. Os sujeitos do estudo foram definidos por amostra do tipo intencional e os dados coletados atrav?s de entrevista com seis (6) trabalhadores (as) e quatro (4) integrantes (usu?rio (a) representante) do MNPR. Ao concluir este estudo, ? poss?vel afirmar que a concep??o de acolhimento em sa?de no espa?o da rua para os trabalhadores ? entrela?ada por estrat?gias do processo de trabalho, fundamentadas no SUS que garantam o acesso dessa popula??o aos servi?os de sa?de e intersetoriais. Essas estrat?gias s?o emaranhadas com a busca ativa, abordagem, escuta, acolhida, v?nculo, confian?a, sensibilidade, persist?ncia, entre outros. Para os usu?rios a concep??o n?o perpassa tanto pela aplicabilidade e constru??o desse processo de trabalho como para os trabalhadores, mas transcorre pela percep??o e sentido de quem recebe esse acolhimento, e de como essa equipe chega at? eles. Os usu?rios apresentam percep??es e sentidos de serem tratados como seres humanos de direitos por essa equipe, que respeitam seus modos de vida e constroem rela??es de afeto e igualdade.

First Nations in Canada have long struggled to participate effectively in resource development decisions. In 2004, the Supreme Court established that the federal and provincial governments of Canada have a duty to consult First Nations in cases where their treaty rights, land claims, or traditions may be adversely affected by government decision-making or third-party development. To determine whether the duty to consult has made an impact on the empowerment of First Nations in these decisions, I assess three case studies using four criteria. This research finds that, while the duty to consult has made a positive impact on the empowerment of First Nations, it still does not go far enough in truly empowering communities to achieve sustainable development on their own terms. This study concludes that the duty to consult may be supplemented with Aboriginal self-government – signaling the potential for positive change in the empowerment of communities seeking environmental justice.

Farmaceuter är den yrkesgrupp med bäst insyn i alla läkemedel en patient tar i öppenvården. En bra kommunikation är oftast avgörande för en bra behandling och kan bidra till att förebygga biverkningar av medicinering och påverka individuella och samhällsenliga beslut som förbättrar hälsan. Specialister bör hjälpa patienter att komplettera sina kunskaper om sjukdomar och läkemedel. Detta förhindrar användning av förvirrande, otydlig och osannolik information som utgör ett hot mot patientens hälsa och till och med livet. I denna litteraturstudie granskades fyra artiklar från databasen OneSearch. Syftet var att undersöka vikten av aktivt lyssnande och dess betydelse vid kommunikation. Resultatet visar att aktivt lyssnande är en viktig komponent i initiala interaktioner och ökar mottagarens uppfattning om att känna sig förstådd, ge större konversationstillfredsställelse och gör samtalspartnern mer socialt attraktiv. Dessutom kan det påverka och vara en bidragande faktor till ökad kompetens inom andra områden inom kommunikation, såsom själveffektivitet och känsla av delaktighet. Det har också påvisats att parafrasering, en teknik inom aktivt lyssnande ger en ökning av den sociala attraktionen för intervjuaren, då en lyssnare som parafraserar erhållet budskap visar större intresse och skapar känsla av sammanhang med en samtalspartner. Aktivt lyssnande kan vara en bidragande faktor till att kunna kommunicera på ett effektivt sätt vilket är nödvändigt för att kunna erbjuda en högkvalitativ rådgivning och sjukvård på apoteket. Slutsatsen är att kommunikation har en meriterande och avgörande roll i farmaceutens arbete. En god kommunikationsförmåga samt lyssnarförmåga, vilka bygger på fullständig uppmärksamhet på vad en person säger. Att lyssna noga samtidigt som intresse visas och inte avbryta är avgörande för att förstå patienten, förmedla information kring läkemedel på ett tydligt och begripligt sätt. Dessutom förbättras patientens följsamhet till läkemedelsbehandling. Studier som använts i litteratursarbetet kan dock inte jämföras fullt ut med varandra, då samma mätmetoder inte har använts. / Pharmacists are the professionals, which have the best insight into all of the drugs a patient takes in outpatient care. They also see more patients in one day than other health care professions. Good communication is often crucial for good treatment and can help prevent the side effects of medication and have an influence on individual and societal decisions thus promoting health. Specialists should help patients supplement their knowledge of diseases and medicines, which prevents the use of confusing, unclear, and improbable information that poses a threat to the patient's health and even life. In this literature study, four articles from the OneSearch database were reviewed. The purpose was to investigate the importance of active listening and its influence on communication. The results showed that active listening is an important component in initial interactions and increases the recipient's perception of feeling understood. Furthermore, active listening leads to greater conversational satisfaction and makes the conversation partner more socially attractive. It can influence and be a contributing factor to increasing other areas of communication such as self-efficacy, and a sense of participation. It was also shown that paraphrasing, a technique in active listening, increases the social attraction for the interviewer, as a listener who paraphrases the received message shows greater interest and creates a sense of connection with the conversation partner. Active listening can be a contributing factor to being able to communicate effectively, which is necessary to be able to offer high-quality advice and medical care at the pharmacy. The conclusion is that communication has a meritorious role in the pharmacist's work. Good communication ability and listening skills that are based on full attention to what a person says and listening carefully while showing interest without interruption are crucial to understand the patient. It helps with conveying information about drugs in a clear and comprehensible way and improve the patient's adherence to drug treatment. Studies used in this literature work can, however, not be fully compared with each other, as different measurement methods have been used.

The purpose of the study is to describe and analyze the driving force behind the choice to work as a social work consultant in social services, by mapping motivating factors and what they wish to change in the role. It is a qualitative empirical interview study whose empirical evidence is based on five social work consultants who have assignments within the municipal social services. The result is based on a thematic analysis of the transcribed interviews. We will use an abductive approach to be able to go between theory and empiricism in the analysis process. We want to preserve an actor approach to have a positivist and objective approach to the empirical evidence. The five themes that could be distinguished in the study are to achieve basic needs, to experience autonomy, to feel belonging, to achieve competence and the pursuit of self- actualization. In the result of the empirical analysis, the theory of Maslow's hierarchy of needs and the theory of self-determination are used as a complementary theory to build on the reasoning and conclusions that the result of the empirical evidence highlights. The result shows that the main driving forces for working as a social work consultant were salary and well-being, autonomy through self-determination and use of one's competence. In addition, our results showed that the social worker have an aspiration for self-realization throughaltruism and to reach their life's dream. In our last question, the results showed that the social work consultants lack cohesion and participation in the business in their current role. Being a social work consultant is both challenging and enabling, and in this study, we describe the driving forces that motivate social work consultants to work as consultants within the municipal social service. / Syftet med studien är att beskriva och analysera drivkraften bakom valet att arbeta som socionomkonsult i socialtjänsten, genom att kartlägga motiverande faktorer samt vad de önskar förändra i rollen. Det är en kvalitativ empirisk intervjustudie vars empiri baseras på fem socionomkonsulter som har uppdrag inom den kommunala socialtjänsten. Resultatet grundar sig en tematisk analys på de transkriberade intervjuerna. Vi kommer att använda oss av en abduktiv ansats för att kunna gå mellan teori och empiri i analysprocessen. Vi vill bevara ett aktörssynsätt för att ha ett positivistiskt och objektivt förhållningsätt till empirin. De fem teman som kunnat urskiljas i studien är att uppnå grundläggande behov, att uppleva autonomi, att känna samhörighet, att åstadkomma kompetens och strävan efter självförverkligande. Vid resultatet av den empiriska analysen används teorin om Maslows behovshierarki och teorin om självbestämmande som en kompletterande teori för att bygga på de resonemang och slutsatser som resultatet av empirin framhäver. Resultatet visar att de främsta drivkrafterna för att arbeta som socionomkonsult var; lön och välbefinnande, autonomi genom självbestämmande och nyttjande av sin kompentens. Dessutom visade vårt resultat på att socionomkonsulterna har en strävan efter självförverkligande genom altruism och att nå sin livsdröm. I vår sista fråga visade resultatet på att socionomkonsulterna saknar samhörighet och delaktighet i verksamheten i sin nuvarande roll. Att vara socionomkonsult är både utmanande och möjliggörande och i denna studie beskriver vi de drivkrafter som motiverar socionomkonsulter att arbetet som konsult inom den kommunala socialtjänsten.

In Canada, the duty to consult doctrine has been articulated as a legal remedy to address the potential infringement of Aboriginal and treaty rights by the Crown. The political dimension and implications of this legal duty on the evolving federal relationship between First Nations and the provincial Crown concerning lands and resources have yet to be fully explored. This research presents the argument that the duty to consult jurisprudence and the new relationship policy in British Columbia are moving towards the articulation of a treaty federalism relationship between the Crown and First Nations. The implications of these findings are then analyzed within the Saskatchewan policy environment, and a potential consultation framework is offered for this province. Crucial linkages between duty to consult jurisprudence and Aboriginal governance, and their implications for policy are highlighted, which contribute to further understanding the complex relationship between First Nations and the Crown in Canada on land and resources.

In Canada, the duty to consult doctrine has been articulated as a legal remedy to address the potential infringement of Aboriginal and treaty rights by the Crown. The political dimension and implications of this legal duty on the evolving federal relationship between First Nations and the provincial Crown concerning lands and resources have yet to be fully explored. This research presents the argument that the duty to consult jurisprudence and the new relationship policy in British Columbia are moving towards the articulation of a treaty federalism relationship between the Crown and First Nations. The implications of these findings are then analyzed within the Saskatchewan policy environment, and a potential consultation framework is offered for this province. Crucial linkages between duty to consult jurisprudence and Aboriginal governance, and their implications for policy are highlighted, which contribute to further understanding the complex relationship between First Nations and the Crown in Canada on land and resources.

According to works’ data of research and periodic literature of Lithuanian and foreign scientist authors about conception and structure of competency and analyzing specifics of soldier’s work. The model of consultant competency evaluation is applied, also, to evaluate the soldier’s competency components missing in their competence are reveled and the most effective foreseen ways of soldier’s basic competence are offered. The results of research were published in scientific conference of students “Junior scientist 2006” and some of the results were applied successfully in Lithuanian grand duke Algirdas’ mechanize infantry battalion for calculation of soldiers training results.