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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
261

Third-party litigation funding agreements : a comparative study

Khoza, Mpho Justice 27 August 2019 (has links)
In third-party litigation funding agreements, funders agree to finance a litigant’s litigation on condition that the funder will deduct a specified percentage from the capital awarded to the litigant in the event of success. In contingency fee agreements, such funding is provided by lawyers. Initially both these agreements were illegal in South Africa and England, but as civil courts became able to counter corruption and abuse – and with the recognition of the need to give more litigants access to justice – both were recognised as legal. Third-party litigation funding agreements by non-lawyers are unregulated in most jurisdictions. As the voluntary self-regulation in England is unsatisfactory, mandatory statutory regulation should be introduced in South Africa. The Contingency Fees Act 66 of 1997 caps the fee to 25% on the capital amount in South Africa. Since no such cap exists in Ontario (Canada), the cap of 25% in South Africa should be revised. / Eka Mintwanano yo nyika nseketelo wa mali eka nandzu wa thedi phati, vanyiki va mali va pfumela ku hakela mali ya nandzu wa mumangali hi xipimelo xa leswaku munyiki wa mali u ta susa phesenteji leyi kombisiweke ku suka eka mali leyi nyikiweke mumangali loko a humelela. Eka mintwanano ya tihakelo ta vukorhokeri, nseketelo walowo wa mali wu nyikiwa hi maloyara. Ekusunguleni mintwanano leyi hinkwayo a yi nga ri enawini eAfrika Dzonga na le England, kambe tanihi leswi tikhoto ta mfumo ti koteke ku kokela etlhelo eka timhaka ta vukungundzwana na nxaniso- na ku anakanyiwa ka xilaveko xo nyika vamangali votala mfikelelo wa vululami- hinkwayo yi anakanyiwile tanihi leyi nga enawini. Mintwanano yo nyika nseketelo wa mali eka nandzu wa thedi phati hi vanhu lava nga riki maloyara a yi lawuriwi eka vuavanyisi byotala. Tanihileswi vutilawuri byo tinyiketa eEngland byi nga riki kahle, mafambiselo ya nawu lama lavekaka ya fanele ya tivisiwa eAfrika Dzonga. Nawu wa Tihakelo ta Vukorhokeri wa 66 wa 1997 wu veka mpimo wa hakelo eka 25% eka xiphemu xa tsengo wa mali eAfrika Dzonga. Ku sukela loko ku ri hava mpimo lowu nga kona eOntario (Canada), mpimo wa 25% eAfrika Dzonga wu fanele wu langutisiwa hi vuntshwa. / Kha thendelano dza ndambedzo dza mbilo ine ya itelwa muthu, vhabadeli vho tenda u badela mbilo ya muthu o no khou itelwa mbilo tenda mubadeli a tshi ḓo ṱusa phesenthe yo tiwaho kha tshelede yo avhelwaho muthu ane a khou itelwa mbilo arali a kunda. Kha thendelano dza mbadelo dzine dza badelwa musi ramilayo o no kunda kha mulandu, mbadelo idzo dzi ṋetshedzwa nga vhoramilayo. Mathomoni thendelano idzi vhuvhili hadzo dzo vha dzi siho mulayoni Afurika Tshipembe na England, fhedzi musi khothe dza mbilo dzi tshi vho thoma u hanedzana na tshanḓanguvhoni na u tambudzwa - na u dzhiela nṱha ṱhoḓea ya u ṋea vhathu vhane vha khou itelwa mbilo u swikelela vhulamukanyi –vhuvhili hadzo dzo dzhiwa sa dzi re mulayoni. Thendelano dza ndambedzo dza mbilo ine muthu a itelwa nga vhathu vhane vha sa vhe vhoramilayo a i langulwi kha vhulamukanyi vhunzhi. Samusi u langulwa ha ndaulo nga iwe muṋe hu ha u tou funa ngei England a zwi ṱanganedzwi, ndaulo ya khombekhombe ya mulayo i fanela u ḓivhadzwa Afurika Tshipembe. Mulayo wa Mbadelo dzine dza badelwa Ramilayo musi o kunda wa nomboro 66 wa 1997 mutengo wawo u guma kha 25% mutengo wa tshelede Afurika Tshipembe. Samusi tshikalo itsho tshi sa wanali ngei Ontario (Canada), tshikalo itsho tsha 25% Afurika Tshipembe tshi fanela u sedzuluswa hafhu. / Private Law / LL. M.
262

都市生態旅遊資源非市場價值之研究 – 以貓空地區為例 / The non-market value of urban ecotourism resources - a case study of MaoKong area

劉匡英, Liu, Kuang Ying Unknown Date (has links)
20世紀60年代以降,在強調自然環境護與觀光地區永續利用理念的潮流之下,世界上許多關注於生態保育的學者與民間團體,紛紛提出並推廣了兼顧自然保育與遊憩發展目的—生態旅遊(ecotourism)。 台灣地狹人稠且都市擴張迅速,使得許多自然環境資源已逐漸成為都市的一部分,加上近年來國人休閒意識的覺醒與親近自然環境的需求增加,更讓自然環境地區成為都市人們不可或缺的紓壓與渡假場所。位於台北市文山區南端的貓空地區,便是在過去20~30年間休閒遊憩發展蓬勃的景點,以鄰近都會區、特色茶產與宗教聖地—指南宮為名。貓空地區大多屬於農業保護區。海拔在七百公尺以下,雖不甚陡峭但地貌複雜多變、雨量豐沛,植物林相及生物資源豐富。加上貓空地區規劃完善之登山步道系統、遠近馳名的宗教聖地指南宮以及著名的茶產文化,提供了發展生態旅遊的生態動植物資源、休閒遊憩資源、宗教文化資源以及產業文化資源,且因為位於台北市都會區,與近年國際興起的「都市型生態旅遊」之型態不謀而合。 都市型生態旅遊地區除了提供與一般遊憩區皆有的遊憩、休閒、教育等使用價值外,尚有生態環境保育效益的非使用價值存在,為評估都市生態旅遊地區所具有的完整環境價值,本研究運用條件評估法(Contingent Valuation Method, CVM),以支付卡法(payment card method)之詢價方式獲得遊客的願付價格(willing to pay, WTP),並採用負二元名義(negative binomial)模式建立迴歸模型,獲得主要結果為:存在價值每年約3,693,065,610元,遺贈價值約每年5,368,737,520元,非市場價值高達約每年9,061,803,130元。 / From 1960s, due to the rise of environment protecting concepts and sustainable use of tourist spots, there are more and more non-government organizations and scholars, who care about ecological conversation, propose the importance of ecotourism, which aim at both the conversation of natural and recreation development. Taiwan is densely populated and has rapidly urban expansion, which has caused natural environmental resources gradually becoming a important part of city. Moreover, the awareness of leisure consciousness and increasing need for accessing to the natural have made it an indispensable relaxing and vacation location for Taipei people. Maokong, located at the south of Wen-Shan district in Taipei, is a famous spot with burgeoning creation activities over the past twenty-five years. It is well-known for its convenience, characteristic tea industry and the sacred place-Zhinan Temple. Mostly parts of Maokong belong to agricultural reservation. The altitude is 700 meters below, although not as steep as others, it has a diversity of terrain features, abundant in rainfall, botanical life-form and organism resources. Those plentiful ecological resources above, the great location near the urban, old-line religious history and culture, plus perfect planning of mountain climbing trail. With all the inborn conditions make Maokong perfect for developing the international-popular leisure style - urban ecotourism. Urban ecotourism place provides not only the use value of recreation, leisure and education, but also the non-use value of preservation benefits. In order to evaluate the total value, I used Contingent Valuation Method with Payment Card Method to get the Willing to Pay of tourists, and further I used the Negative Binomial to establish the model. The main result: the Existence Value is about $3,693,065,610(TWD) per year, the Bequest Value is about $5,368,737,520(TWD) per year, finally the Non-market value is about $9,061,803,130 (TWD).
263

The influence of power on the success of systems development methodologies / Tatenda Chasauka

Chasauka, Tatenda January 2014 (has links)
Problem statement: There seem to be perceptual incongruence between systems development managers and developers. Research shows that while managers are more positive towards systems development methodologies, developers on the other hand seem to resist and not to use systems development methodologies in their entirety but instead adapt, tailor, modify and change them depending on the project at hand (contingent use). Systems development managers can exert power through a variety of influence bases. However, these power influences may be perceived differently by developers. While some might feel constrained, others might actually feel liberated by the existence of the same influence base. Main findings: IS managers are using systems development methodologies to gain control over team members. However, there was no clear perception on whether systems development methodologies were enslaving systems developers. This was indicated by the majority of the respondents neither agreeing nor disagreeing to that effect. The research showed that most organisations are adapting the use of systems development methodologies on a project to project basis, which is referred to as the contingent use of systems development methodologies. Research method followed: The positivistic research paradigm was used as it allowed the researcher to find out patterns and regularities between power, systems development methodologies’ use and success. A survey was conducted and a questionnaire was used for data collection purposes. Questionnaire data was analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics Version 21, Release 20.0.0 software package tools. Principal conclusion: Power is interpreted in terms of the type of power that can be exercised by IT professionals specifically IS developers and their respective managers at the workplace. The roles assumed and the different power types that may be exercised in organisations provide a link as to who has the final say when it comes to the use and success rate of systems development methodologies. The contingent use of systems development methodologies provides a form of “freedom” to systems developers. Based on the research findings, the research proposes an answer to the question – are systems development methodologies enslaving systems developers and empowering IS managers? / MSc (Computer Science), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
264

Determinante iluzija samopoboljšanja u situaciji doživljenog neuspeha / Determinants of self-enhancement in the situation of failure

Bodroža Bojana 30 June 2016 (has links)
<p>Dinamika reagovanja na evaluaciju ličnosti rezultat je uticaja potrebe da se održi pozitivna slika o sebi &ndash; tj. motiva samopoboljšanja, i potrebe da se održi postojeća slika o sebi &ndash; tj. motiva samopotvrđivanja. Savremena istraživanja pokazuju da, pored nivoa eksplicitnog samopoštovanja, i kvalitativne razlike u samopoštovanju &ndash; razlike u nivou implicitnog i uslovnog samopoštovanja, utiču intenzitet i način ispoljavanja ovih motiva. Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio da se utvrdi da li implicitno i uslovno samopoštovanje dovode do razlika u samopoboljšavajućem i samopotvrđujućem reagovanju kod osoba sa niskim i sa visokim samopoštovanjem, kao i da li neki drugi faktori utiču na ispoljavanje ovih motiva.<br />Na uzorku od 341 studenta psihologije sproveden je eksperiment u kom je testiran uticaj povratne informacije o postignuću na testovima sposobnosti na način afektivnog i kognitivnog reagovanja na to postignuće. Polovina ispitanika je bila uverena da se informacija o postignuću odnosi na sposobnosti koje su važne u svakodnevnom životu, a druga polovina je bila uverena da su testirane sposobnosti irelevantne.<br />Među osobama kongruentnog i inkongruentnog niskog samopoštovanja dobijene su značajne razlike u samopoboljšavajućoj i samopotvrđujućoj motivaciji. Pokazalo se da osobe sa inkongruentnim niskim samopoštovanjem na adaptivniji način uspevaju da zavodolje potrebe za samopoboljšanjem i samopotvrđivanjem, nego osobe sa kongruentnim niskim samopoštovanjem. Osobe sa kongruentnim i inkongruentnim visokim samopoštovanjem uglavnom se ne razlikuju u načinu reagovanja na (ne)uspeh, mada neki rezultati sugerišu da osobe sa inkongruentnim visokim samopoštovanjem imaju intenzivniju potrebu za samopoboljšanjem. Uslovno samopoštovanje uglavnom u interakciji sa eksplicitnim samopoštovanjem nije imalo velikog uticaja na reakcije na evaluaciju, ali jeste samostalno. Poređenje rezultata dobijenih pomoću implicitnog samopoštovanja i uslovnog samopoštovanja sugeriše da se radi o potpuno različitim aspektima kvaliteta samopoštovanja, koji na različit način utiču na dinamiku samopoboljšanja i samopotvrđivanja.</p> / <p>Individuals&rsquo; reactions to evaluation of their personality are the result of the need to maintain positive self-image &ndash; i.e. self-enhancement motive, and the need to confirm the existing self-image &ndash; i.e. self-verification motive. Contemporary research showed that, aside from explicit self-esteem, the expression of these motives is influenced by qualitative differences in self-esteem &ndash; i.e. the levels of implicit and contingent self-esteem. The aim of this research was to determine whether implicit and contingent self-esteem lead to different self-enhancing and self-verifying reactions among individuals with high and low explicit self-esteem, as well as to examine some other factors that might influence these motives.<br />Three hundred and forty one students took part in the experimental study in which they received bogus feedback on two ability tests. The feedback was either positive, negative or no feedback was provided. Half of the participants from all three groups were made to believe that the tests are measuring very important abilities, whereas others were made to believe that the tests are measuring mostly irrelevant abilities. Participants&rsquo; affective (depressiveness, anxiety, and anger) and cognitive reactions (internal and external attributions, perceived change between ideal and actual self-concept) were measured following feedback on the tests.<br />Significant differences in reactions to evaluative feedback were found between individuals with congruent and incongruent low self-esteem. Individuals with incongruent low self-esteem use more adaptive ways to satisfy needs for self-enhancement and self-verification than individuals with congruent low self-esteem. No differences in reactions to success and failure were found between individuals with congruent and incongruent high self-esteem, although some results suggest that persons with incongruent high self-esteem have more intensive need for self-enhancement. Interaction of contingent and explicit self-esteem did not influence reactions to evaluation to a large extent, but contingent self-esteem alone did. The comparison of results obtained with implicit and contingent self-esteem suggests that these are completely different and independent aspects of quality of self-esteem and that they influence the dynamics of self-enhancement and self-verification in a different manner.</p>
265

CALLED TO TEACH: A MIXED METHODS EXPLORATION OF COMMUNITY COLLEGE ADJUNCT FACULTY’S TEACHING SELF-EFFICACY

Tyndall, Christy L. 01 January 2017 (has links)
Adjunct faculty teach over 50% of courses in U.S. higher education but little is known about them as educators. Strong evidence has been found in the K-12 literature demonstrating the link between teachers’ beliefs, instructional practices, and subsequent student outcomes. Teaching self-efficacy, beliefs in one’s capabilities to perform specific tasks in a particular context, is an important contributor to motivation and performance (Tschannen-Moran et al., 1998). This research advances teaching and learning literature in higher education and provides insight into an understudied population of educators by exploring adjunct faculty’s teaching self-efficacy and factors that influence those beliefs. In this mixed methods study, an explanatory sequential design was used to explore teaching-self efficacy among adjunct faculty at a Mid-Atlantic community college. Adjunct faculty were surveyed using the College Teaching Self-Efficacy Scale (Prieto Navarro, 2006). Data were selected from the surveys for further explanation in subsequent interviews. Quantitative and qualitative data were merged to form an overall interpretation of teaching self-efficacy and factors that influenced those beliefs. Teaching self-efficacy was highest in creating a positive learning environment, followed by overall teaching self-efficacy, and then instructional skills. Assessing student learning was rated lowest. Adjunct faculty with fewer than five years teaching experience had lower self-efficacy scores than those teaching for six or more years. Mastery experiences and feedback from students and full-time faculty mentors emerged as the most influential sources of teaching self-efficacy. Student evaluations and attending Convocation were positively correlated with scores in overall teaching self-efficacy, instructional skills, and creating a positive learning environment. Adjunct faculty identified working to accommodate the needs of a diverse range of learners as the most significant challenge to teaching self-efficacy followed by challenges related to working conditions including inadequate pay and job insecurity. Key recommendations for promoting adjunct faculty’s teaching self-efficacy beliefs include increasing opportunities for interaction with departmental colleagues to share best practices and teaching resources, and offering trainings at flexible times and in creative formats on instructional skills, assessment practices, and learning theories. Improving onboarding processes, recognizing different needs of adjunct faculty based on experience, and reassessing pay and employment structures are also needed.
266

文化公共財之價值評估-以臺北市糖廍文化園區為例 / Valuating a Cultural Public Good : The Case of Tangbu Cultural Park in Taipei City

陳育琳, Chen, Yu Lin Unknown Date (has links)
文化公共財無法透過一般市場機制評估其價格,但應如何衡量其經濟價值?本研究以臺北市萬華區糖廍文化園區為案例,以條件評估法為理論模型,並以電話訪問、網路調查及面訪訪問等3種方式獲得1,612份問卷進行分析,結果顯示願付價格會隨著人口統計變量和民眾對文化資產保存的態度而有所不同,得到平均每人每次至少消費文化公共財之願付價格約247元,如以每人平均消費一次計算價值,在95%信賴區間下,臺北市萬華區糖廍公園週邊7里約1,094萬元、臺北市萬華區約4,788萬元、臺北市約6.7億元。在目前政府財政困窘情況下,如何將上開數據轉化成地方財源收入,有效將各古蹟或歷史建築充分活化再利用將是一個值得關注的議題。 / By using the contingent valuation method, this study estimates the value of the Tangbu Cultural Park in Taipei City as the value of cultural public goods cannot be directly observed through the markets. Based on 1,612 samples collected by the phone interview, on-site interview, and internet survey, we explore the factors that influence the willingness to pay (WTP) and estimate the resulting WTP on the cultural public goods. The empirical results show that the WTP are varied with the demographics and attitudes toward the cultural assets and the estimated average individual WTP per year is about 247 NTD. It turns out that the corresponding total WTP per year is 10.94 million NTD in the surrounding area of the Cultural Park, 47.88 million NTD in the Wanhua District of Taipei City, or 670 million NTD in Taipei City. The study can shed some light on the revival plans and budget arrangements of the cultural public goods.
267

The Application of Group Contingent Reinforcement to Retarded Adults

Newman, Jan 05 1900 (has links)
Two groups of eleven retarded adults each were used as subjects. An individually consequated token economy was in effect during baseline-1 for both groups. The treatment phase of the experiment consisted of group consequation, the first group receiving a high rate of reinforcement and the second group receiving a low rate. The individual token system was reinstated for both groups during baseline-2 measures. Attending behavior and work output were measured during each phase of the experiment. Significant differences were found between group versus individually contingent reinforcement treatments on attending behaviors, and between high and low contingency groups on performance behaviors. Differences between the high contingency and low contingency groups were found to be non-significant in regard to attending behaviors.
268

Eliciting healthcare users' preferences for home care versus hospital care in cancer : development of a decision aid integrating a contingent valuation survey / Mesure des préférences des consommateurs de soins pour les soins à l'hôpital, à domicile ou en structures de proximité : développement d'un outil d'information et d'aide à la décision intégrant une évaluation contingente

Margier, Jennifer 15 December 2017 (has links)
En France le traitement du cancer est principalement dominé par les plateaux techniques hospitaliers, mais ceux-ci sont saturés et jugés trop coûteux. Pour ces raisons, les décideurs publics souhaitent développer des structures alternatives : l’hospitalisation à domicile ou les structures de proximités (SP) comme les maisons de santé pluridisciplinaires. Objectif :-Etudier l’adéquation entre les politiques publiques de santé et les préférences des patients et de la population générale.-Tester l’acceptabilité et la validité de la méthode de l’évaluation contingente (EV) (enquête de Disposition A Payer : DAP) comme moyen d’obtenir les préférences en population générale afin de guider la décision publique.Méthode : Nous avons développé un outil d’information et d’aide à la décision informatisé qui contenait 1. L’information sur les trois options de prise en charge : hôpital, domicile, SP 2. Une enquête de mesure des préférences 3. Des questionnaires socio-démographiques et de recueil de l’expérience de soins 4. Pour la population générale uniquement : une EV.Résultats :L’enquête auprès des patients a été réalisée dans 3 établissements (n=386), celle en population générale a été conduite sur un échantillon représentatif de la Région Rhône-Alpes (n=1001). L’hôpital était l’option préférée pour les deux populations 71% des patients contre 42,6% pour la population générale, suivi du domicile avec 24% pour les patients et 38,8% pour la population générale. L’acceptabilité et la validité de l’EC en population générale semble être confirmée par le faible nombre de protestataires et d’outliers ainsi que par la corrélation entre les DAP, le revenu et les préférences / In France, cancer treatments are mainly provided in hospitals but they are expensive, crowded and mainly located around big cities. For these reasons, French public health decision makers wish to develop alternative strategies such as home care and proximity structures (typically GPs, nurses and physiotherapists working together in the same medical office). ObjectivesTo study the adequacy between French health policy and patients’ & general population’s preferences. To test the acceptability and validity of the contingent valuation (CV) method as a mean of obtaining values in the general population to guide public decision makers. Methods: We developed a computerized decision aid composed of: 1. Information on the disease management options: hospital, home care and proximity structures; 2. A survey to measure preferences. 3. A socio demographic and an experience of care questionnaire. 4. For the general population only, a CV survey (willingness to pay: WTP) using a payment card was developed Results: The patients survey has been realized in three hospitals(n=386), whereas the general population survey has been conducted in a representative sample of the Rhône-Alps region (n=1001). Both populations preferred hospital, but the proportions are very different. Indeed, hospital is the preferred option for 71% of patients and only for 42,6% of the general population. Moreover, as compared to patients, the general population more often prefer PS, respectively 18,6% and 5 %. The acceptability and validity of the CV method in the general population seemed to be confirmed by the few rates of protesters and outliers, the correlation between preferences, income and WTP
269

Braced for action control

Strack, Gamze 11 April 2013 (has links)
Die vorliegende Dissertation beinhaltet drei Studien, welche die kognitiven und neuronalen Grundlagen der Kontrollregulation – ausgelöst durch vorherige Konflikte, konfliktankündigende Hinweise sowie Arousal – untersuchen. Jede Studie basierte auf Interferenzaufgaben mit Durchgängen, die Reaktionskonflikt auslösten (inkompatibel) oder nicht (kompatibel). Studie 1 untersuchte, ob Abfolge abhängigen Verhaltensanpassungen äquivalent sind mit erwartungsbasierten Kontrollprozessen, die durch Hinweise auf die Kompatibilität der nächsten Aufgabe ausgelöst werden. Behaviorale und elektroenzephalographische (EEG) Maße belegten, dass diese Prozesse dissoziieren. Die kontingente negative Variation (CNV), eine EEG Komponente, die Aufgabenantizipation indiziert, zeigte, dass von der Abfolge anhängige Kontrollanpassungen bereits zwischen den Durchgängen agieren. Studie 2 fokussierte auf Prozesse und neuronale Substrate der Kontrollantizipation durch Hinweise. Kompatibilitätshinweise begünstigten effektiv die Leistung, vergrößerten die CNV vor dem nächsten Durchgang und reduzierten konfliktbezogene Konfliktverarbeitung, wie sie durch die N2 Komponente indiziert wird. Im Gegensatz zur Kontrollbedingung gab es keine Anzeichen von Reaktionskonflikt, was auf präemptive Strategien hinweist (d.h. a priori Konfliktverhinderung durch Umschreibung von Bedingungs-Handlungs-Regeln). Funktionelle Bildgebung bestätigte dies, da sie Beteiligung neuronaler Netzwerke zeigte, die eher mit Regelelaboration und –aufrechterhaltung einhergehen als mit Konfliktüberwachung und –lösung. Studie 3 untersuchte das Verhältnis von Handlungskontrolle und Arousalniveau. Toninduziertes Arousal verbesserte Leistung in inkompatiblen und kompatiblen Durchgängen, wobei letztere stärker begünstigt wurden. N1 und N2 im EEG wiesen darauf hin, dass die Effekte auf bessere frühe perzeptuelle Diskriminierung und Aufmerksamkeitszuteilung zurückgehen. / The present dissertation contains three studies that investigated the cognitive and neuronal basis underlying action control regulation prompted by prior conflicts, cues predicting conflict, as well as the state of arousal. These studies were based on inference paradigms involving trials that either induced response conflict (incompatible trials) or did not (compatible trials). Study 1 examined whether behavioral adjustments due to the trial sequence are equivalent to expectancy-based adjustments triggered by cues predicting compatibility. Behavioral and electroencephalographic (EEG) measures showed dissociation of these processes. The contingent negative variation (CNV), a pre-target EEG component indexing task anticipation, further indicated that sequence-related control adjustments already act in the intertrial interval. Study 2 focused on processes and neural substrates underlying cue-based anticipatory control. Cues predicting compatibility effectively benefitted behavioral performance, enhanced the pre-target CNV, and reduced post-target conflict-related processing, as indicated by the N2 component. In contrast to the control condition, indicators of response conflict were absent, a result pointing to conflict preemption strategies (a priori avoidance of conflict via transformation of condition-action rules). Functional neuroimaging fostered this conclusion by showing the involvement of neuronal networks associated with rule elaboration and maintenance rather than with conflict monitoring or resolution. Study 3 investigated the interrelation of action control and the state of arousal. Tone-induced arousal improved performance in both incompatible and compatible trials, whereas the latter ones were relatively more accelerated. N1 and N2 in EEG indicated that these effects are due to enhanced early perceptual discrimination and attentional allocation.
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Avaliação contingente da participação de moradores de Palmas – TO em um programa de coleta seletiva de resíduos sólidos domiciliares

Dourado, Denise Gomes 13 June 2017 (has links)
Em Palmas, o Decreto Municipal nº 227/2011, determinou a implantação da coleta seletiva nas quadras 404 e 904 Sul, mas, desde 2014, a coleta seletiva foi suspensa devido à baixa adesão e à grande quantidade de rejeito presente no material coletado. Neste trabalho, o Método de Valoração Contingente (MVC) foi aplicado com o intuito de captar a Disposição a Receber (DAR) da população das quadras 404 e 904 Sul de Palmas pela participação em um programa de coleta seletiva de resíduos sólidos domiciliares. A forma de captação do valor foi a de lances livres e o instrumento de pagamento foi a oferta de desconto mensal na fatura de energia elétrica. A DAR obtida foi de R$29,04/residência/mês e as variáveis independentes presentes no modelo econométrico adotado foram: o grau de escolaridade, a natureza do imóvel de residência, o tempo em que o indivíduo reside em Palmas e o engajamento ambiental. O estudo mostrou que a adoção de incentivos econômicos para fomentar a participação da população em iniciativas de coleta seletiva é uma boa ferramenta para motivar a adesão. No entanto, a educação ambiental e o envolvimento afetivo da comunidade com a cidade também são fatores capazes de aumentar a participação em programas de coleta seletiva. / In Palmas, the Municipal Decree number 227/2011 determined the implementation of the selective waste collection in blocks 404 and 904 south, but since 2014, the selective waste collection was suspended due to the low adhesion and the large amount of waste present in the material collected. In this work, the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) was applied with the purpose of capturing the willingness to receive (WTR) of the population of blocks 404 and 904 south of Palmas by participating in a selective collection program of household solid waste. The method of capturing the value was free throws and the payment instrument was the monthly discount offer on the electricity bill. The WTR obtained was R$ 29.04/residence/month and the independent variables present in the econometric model adopted were the degree of schooling, the nature of the residence property, the time in which the individual resides in Palmas and the environmental engagement. The study showed that the adoption of economic incentives to encourage the participation of the population in selective waste collection initiatives is a good tool to motivate the adhesion. However, environmental education and the affective involvement of the community with the city are also factors capable of increasing participation in selective waste collection programs.

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