The purpose of this study was to test a causal analytic model for predictors of course outcomes and a second causal model for predictors of continued participation in post-secondary education. The demographic characteristics were compared for students who continued to participate in post-secondary education and those who did not continue to participate in post-secondary education after completing ALNU 1100 Basics of Patient Care at East Tennessee State University. The two models selected for testing were Henry and Basile’s (1994) “Decision Framework” for students’ decisions to continue participation, and Donaldson and Graham’s (1999) “Model of College Outcomes for Adults”, which focused on student outcomes. A review of recent literature was also conducted to ascertain and further identify additional factors. A descriptive correlational research design was used without any sampling (total population of interest was studied). The student population for this study consisted of all students who had enrolled and completed ALNU 1100 Basics of Patient Care course at East Tennessee State University. Causal models were developed using path analysis based on hierarchical multivariate linear and logistic regression. The factors that influenced student outcomes and continued participation in higher education were examined from the students’ perspectives, and causal models were constructed and presented in diagrammatic, tabular, and narrative form. The main findings were that the causal models in the present study were not the same as either the Donaldson and Graham model or the Henry and Basile model. There were as many similarities as differences, however the similarities were striking in both cases. Results from this study revealed that students, who continued in education, were males with a higher education level than average. There was also a tendency for those with a few children and high household incomes to be associated with continued participation. The most important categorical predictor of continued participation in higher education was the students’ perceptions of deterrents, course attributes, and institutional reputation. The most important categorical predictor of student outcomes was psychological values of the student.

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Syftet med studien var att utforska unga vuxnas uppfattningar om varför de började föreningsidrotta och varför de valde att hoppa av från föreningsidrotten. Vidare strävades utforska om det fanns några likheter eller kontraster mellan hur individer från en storstad kontra en tätort i Sverige upplever motiven bakom ingång till och avhopp från föreningsidrotten. Sex unga män mellan åldrarna 18-30 rekryterades utifrån en målstyrd, icke-sannolikhetsbaserad urvalsmetod. Kvalitativa, semi-strukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med deltagarna för att motta beskrivningar om deras upplevelser kring motiven bakom ingång till/avhopp från föreningsidrotten. En kvalitativ innehållsanalys användes för att analysera och tematisera insamlad data för att kunna besvara på de formulerade forskningsfrågorna. Resultaten är i linje med tidigare forskning som visat att avhopp från föreningsidrotten är ett kombinerat resultat av yttre såväl som inre faktorer. Centrala teman kring motiv bakom ingång till föreningsidrott var gruppinflytande, intresse för idrott/idrotter, och bristande utbud av föreningsidrotter i närområdet. Kring motiv bakom avhopp från föreningsidrott framkom missnöje med tränare, andra prioriteringar, bristande samhörighet, andra intressen, för långa distanser till idrottsföreningar, idrottsskada och upplevd kompetensbrist som centrala teman. / The purpose of the study was to investigate young adults’ perceptions of why they started participating in organized sports, and why they chose to drop-out from organized sports. Additionally, the study sought to explore whether there were any similarities or contrasts between how individuals from a large city versus an urban area in Sweden experienced the motives behind entering and leaving organized sports. Six young men between the ages 18-30 were recruited based on a goal-oriented, non-probability sample method. Qualitative, semi-structured interviews were performed with the participants to receive descriptions of their experiences of their motives behind entering and leaving organized sports. A qualitative content analysis was used to analyze and thematize collected data in order to answer the formulated research questions. The results are in line with prior research which suggest that drop-out from organized sports is a combined result of external as well as internal factors. Central themes connected to the motives behind entrance into organized sports was group influence, interest in sports/sports, and lack of sportclubs in the local area. Connected to the motives behind drop-out from organized sports, dissatisfaction with the coach/coaches, other priorities, lack of fellowship, other interests, too long distances to sportclubs, sport injuries, and lack of perceived competence arose as central themes.

The purpose of this study was to determine why South African long-distance runners start and continue to run long distances, what perceived psychological benefits and negative effects they experience as a result of their involvement in the sport, and what thoughts and emotions are associated with the runner's high. Questionnaires were sent to 2 000 1992 Two Oceans Marathon participants and 777 responded. Results show that South African long-distance runners start running chiefly for physical fitness and health reasons, and continue for these reasons as well as psychological benefit reasons. As a result of their involvement in the sport, they experience psychological benefits such as a positive mood, positive self-image and positive mental outlook. When unable to run, these benefits are reversed. They also experience negative effects such as relationship problems because of long-distance running. Many thoughts and emotions are associated with the runner's high, but most define it as an euphoric feeling / Art History, Visual Arts & Musicology / M.A. (Psychology)

The purpose of this study was to determine why South African long-distance runners start and continue to run long distances, what perceived psychological benefits and negative effects they experience as a result of their involvement in the sport, and what thoughts and emotions are associated with the runner's high. Questionnaires were sent to 2 000 1992 Two Oceans Marathon participants and 777 responded. Results show that South African long-distance runners start running chiefly for physical fitness and health reasons, and continue for these reasons as well as psychological benefit reasons. As a result of their involvement in the sport, they experience psychological benefits such as a positive mood, positive self-image and positive mental outlook. When unable to run, these benefits are reversed. They also experience negative effects such as relationship problems because of long-distance running. Many thoughts and emotions are associated with the runner's high, but most define it as an euphoric feeling / Art History, Visual Arts and Musicology / M.A. (Psychology)