国立情報学研究所で電子化したコンテンツを使用している。

国立情報学研究所で電子化したコンテンツを使用している。

My interest in ethno-archaeology and a Minor Field Study grant brought me to Samoa. There I had a chance to participate in a multinational project “The Pulemelei project, the origins and Development of Monumental architecture”. On the former copra plantation Letolo situated on the SE part of the Island of Savai’i, is an extensive pre-historic settlement with over 3000 remains situated. The remains are now heavily overgrown but when the vegetation was cleared an extensive survey was carried out (1977-78). By using these records my aim is to understand more about how chiefdom society works in pre-historic times as well as in the present. The archaeological study is carried out with the aid of a correspondence analysis using the survey data as well as through a practical fieldwork (excavations) study of the settlement pattern at the Letolo plantation. The settlement shows large variations between the inland and the coastal region and those actions opened for whole new questions and ideas about the Samoan prehistory. During my journey I also got a better understanding for ethno-archaeology, and the problems that can meet us using these analogies and carrying out archaeological studies in a global setting and traditional society. To date, quite limited archaeology has been carried out on Samoa but the archaeological “revival” boosted by the project which started in this area in 2002 has created an opportunity to train the first generation of Samoan archaeologists and give them a good platform to stand on!

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-02-14Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:11:02Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ravelli_mn_me_arafcf.pdf: 503371 bytes, checksum: 415dea715919e6ae27164677c8f01d20 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / A avaliação do padrão alimentar vem emergindo como uma alternativa nos estudos de epidemiologia nutricional, substituindo as pesquisas baseadas em análise de nutrientes isolados. No entanto, a subnotificação da ingestão, que é fortemente evidenciada entre indivíduos com excesso de peso, influencia a avaliação do consumo energético e pode, consequentemente, induzir a um padrão de consumo alimentar diferente quando comparado ao padrão de consumo de pessoas notificadoras plausíveis. Uma vez que estudos sobre o padrão alimentar ainda não foram avaliados sob a ótica da subnotificação, este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a influência da subnotificação do consumo no padrão alimentar, discriminado por grupos alimentares e por nutrientes específicos, entre mulheres obesas da fila de espera da cirurgia bariátrica. Os resultados obtidos foram discutidos em dois artigos científicos, sendo que o primeiro evidenciou a diferença nos padrões alimentares discriminados por contribuição energética diária dos subgrupos alimentares entre as mulheres notificadoras e subnotificadoras do consumo alimentar, e o segundo evidenciou as diferenças entre os grupos de mulheres para os padrões de consumo e itens dos subgrupos alimentares, ambos discriminados pelos nutrientes. Participaram do estudo 412 candidatas à cirurgia bariátrica da Clínica Bariátrica de Piracicaba-SP, Brasil. Dados referentes às informações gerais, e medidas antropométricas foram coletados e utilizados para os cálculos preditivos de Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), Gasto Energético de Repouso (GER) e Necessidade Energética Total (NET). As informações de consumo alimentar e Nível de Atividade Física (NAF) preditivos foram utilizadas na classificação das mulheres quanto a plausibilidade da notificação do consumo alimentar, confrontando... / Assessment of food patterns has emerged as an alternative in nutritional epidemiology studies, replacing studies based on analysis of individual nutrients. However, food intake underreporting, very common among individuals with excess weight, affects the assessment of energy intake and may, consequently, induce a food intake pattern different from that of plausible energy reporters. Since food pattern studies have not yet been done from the underreporting viewpoint, the objective of this study was to assess the influence of underreporting on the specific food groups and nutrients consumed by obese women waiting for bariatric surgery. The results were discussed in two scientific articles. The first article evidenced the difference between the food patterns of reporters and underreporters according to the daily energy contribution of different food subgroups. The second article evidenced the differences in intake patterns and items in food subgroups, both according to nutrients, between the two groups of women. A total of 412 bariatric surgery candidates of the Bariatric Clinic of Piracicaba, SP, Brazil, participated in the study. General information and anthropometric measurements were collected and used for calculating body mass index (BMI) and predicting resting energy expenditure (REE) and total energy requirement (TER). Food intake and physical activity level (PAL) were used for classifying women regarding the plausibility of the reported food intake, confronting the ratio of reported energy intake EIrep to REE with PAL (EIrep:REE=PAL), considering the variances of this equation’s components. Food subgroups were determined by the Brazilian Food Guide. The food patterns of both groups of women were discriminated according to the food subgroups predefined by exploratory... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

abstract: This study frames research on board games within a body of anthropological theory and method to examine the long-term social changes that effect play and mechanisms through which play may influence societal change. Drawing from ethnographic literature focusing on the performative nature of games and their effectiveness at providing a method for strengthening social bonds through grounding, I examine changes in the places in which people engaged in play over the course of the Bronze Age on Cyprus (circa 2500¬–1050 BCE), a period of increasing social complexity. The purpose of this research is to examine how the changes in social boundaries concomitant with emergent complexity were counteracted or strengthened through the use of games as tools of interaction. Bronze Age sites on Cyprus have produced the largest dataset of game boards belonging to any ancient culture. Weight and morphological data were gathered from these artifacts to determine the likelihood of their portability and to identify what type of game was present. The presence of fixed and likely immobile games, as well as the presence of clusters of portable games, was used to identify spaces in which games were played. Counts of other types of artifacts found in the same spaces as games were tabulated, and Correspondence Analysis (CA) was performed in order to determine differences in the types of activities present in the same spaces as play. The results of the CA showed that during the Prehistoric Bronze Age, which has fewer indicators of social complexity, gaming spaces were associated with artifacts related to consumption or specialty, heirloom and imported ceramics, and rarely played in public spaces. During the Protohistoric Bronze Age, when Cyprus was more socially complex, games were more commonly played in public spaces and associated with artifacts related to consumption. These changes suggest a changing emphasis through time, where the initiation and strengthening of social bonds through the grounding process afforded by play is more highly valued in small-scale society, whereas the social mobility that is enabled by performance during play is exploited more commonly during periods of complexity. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Anthropology 2016

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-09-06T12:10:15Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Wilaman Fernandes de Souza.pdf: 1099728 bytes, checksum: 88b2eebe84ca04c247575d378727a291 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-06T12:10:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Wilaman Fernandes de Souza.pdf: 1099728 bytes, checksum: 88b2eebe84ca04c247575d378727a291 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-22 / CAPEs / Este trabalho apresenta a estimação de persistência intergeracional de renda para a Região Metropolitana de Recife (RMR) em 1996 e 2010. Através de dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Amostra de Domicílio (PNAD) e da Fundação Joaquim Nabuco - Fundaj e com aplicação da técnica de variáveis instrumentais em duas amostras, estimou-se a renda dos pais através de três conjuntos de instrumentos e para três conceitos de renda: renda da ocupação principal, renda de todas as ocupações e renda familiar. Verificou-se que a persistência intergeracional de renda na RMR estimada através da renda familiar é mais elevada do que a registrada pelos outros dois conceitos de renda, assim como, as estimações realizadas através da ocupação como instrumento, apresentam maior mobilidade. A persistência de renda estimada para 1996 é bastante elevada, em torno de 0,66 tendo praticamente o mesmo nível registrado para o Brasil. Já a persistência estimada em 2010 é de 0,39, apontaram para uma elevação considerável na mobilidade de renda nas últimas duas décadas na RMR, apesar de ainda ser considerada elevada em relação ao registrado em países desenvolvidos. Para verificar a correlação entre as várias características familiares que podem influenciar a mobilidade entre gerações utilizou-se a técnica de Análise de Correspondência (AC), tal técnica avalia a associação entre categorias de linhas e colunas. Sendo ideal para uma análise qualitativa de mobilidade intergeracional. Por fim, os resultados encontrados através da análise de correspondência mostram que a educação é o principal instrumento influenciador da mobilidade no Brasil. / This paper presents the estimation of intergenerational persistence of income for the Metropolitan Region of Recife (RMR) in 1996 and 2010. Through data from the National Survey of Household Sampling (PNAD) and Joaquin Nabuco Foundation - Fundaj and technique of application instrumental variables in two samples, it estimated the income of parents through three sets of instruments and three concepts of income: income from main occupation, income of all occupations and family income. It was found that the intergenerational persistence of income in the estimated RMR by family income is higher than that recorded by the other two concepts of income, as well as the estimates made by the occupation as an instrument, have greater mobility. The persistence of estimated income for 1996 is quite high, around 0.66 having almost the same level as for Brazil. Already persistence estimated in 2010 is 0.39, pointed to a considerable increase in income mobility in the past two decades in RMR, although still considered high compared to that recorded in developed countries. To verify the correlation between the various family characteristics that may influence the mobility between generations used the Correspondence Analysis technique (AC), this technique evaluates the association between line categories and columns. Ideal for a qualitative analysis of intergenerational mobility. Finally, the results found by correspondence analysis shows that education is the main influencer instrument of mobility in Brazil.

Using annual reports of Austrian listed corporations between 1990 and 2005, we analyze how corporations theorize their social and societal responsibilities. We empirically illustrate that these organizations not only evoke several distinct domains of corporate responsibility, but also assign themselves and others specific positions in the social matrix of relevancy and power - which in turn gives rise to a distinct pattern on the field level. We discuss various features and implications of what we describe as a politicization of individual corporations at the price of a relocation of politics away from recognized and firmly institutionalized arenas of collective interest representation (i.e., the polity) as well as a broad-scale de-politicization of society.

This thesis occupies with a relationship of two significant methods of analyzing multivariate contingency tables, namely correspondence analysis and loglinear models. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first one is dedicated to basic terms of categorical data analysis, mainly to contingency tables and their distributions. Primarily, the emphasis is placed on their multidimensional form. The second part presents tools and techniques of both methods in a scope needed for their practical use and interpretation of their results. A practical application of both methods is included in the third part which is presented on the data from a market research. This part describes settings for both analyses in a statistical software SPSS and the subsequent interpretation of their outputs. A comparison of analyzed methods in terms of their use can be found in the conclusion.

Masters of Science / Fifty percent of the world’s tuberculosis population is found in eight countries, one of which is South Africa. Of the eight countries, South Africa is said to be experiencing the highest burden of Tuberculosis, with an estimated incidence of three hundred and twenty-two thousand cases of active Tuberculosis. The Tuberculosis epidemic is driven by the following reasons, firstly poor living conditions which are a result of the wide gap between the rich and the poverty-stricken among some populations, and secondly late presentation to health facilities. Over the years, healthcare programs have made a meaningful impact in identifying patients presenting for Tuberculosis care, a global Tuberculosis report shows an estimated fifty-eight million lives were saved through Tuberculosis treatment and diagnosis, between the years 2000 and 2018. However, strategies to modify risk behaviour need to remain a main priority. In the South African context, it would be important to note the diversity of the individuals experience which is rooted in South African socio-political history and has resulted in high levels of social inequality and disparate socio-economic status groups, as a significant factor when considering the well-being of Tuberculosis infected South Africans. For policy makers to make data-driven decisions, with the aim of lessening the disease burden experienced by the populations they serve. They would require insights from an individual level, this way of measuring well-being requires the participants to rely on their own cognitive judgements and emotional reactions to characterize their well-being. Alatartseva and Barysheva in 2015 claim that subjective well-being is an internal evaluation of well-being, relating to one’s spiritual, personal characteristics and features. This approach is fitting since behavioural data is dynamic and relative as it tends to differ across populations and is often altered radically in short periods. Despite global advances in access to Tuberculosis treatment, Tuberculosis is the leading cause of death in adults with Human Immunodeficiency Virus and the main contributor to antimicrobial resistance. This gap can be bridged by an understanding of the behavioural aspects tied to Tuberculosis infection. There is a lack of adequate South African literature on Tuberculosis infection and health related well-being. The current study notes and compares, the diversity of life satisfaction experience between participants from different socio-demographic status groups across South Africa, bringing forth the most influential variables on well-being. This paper explored the possible factors of subjective well-being in the Tuberculosis infected South African population. Data from the National Income Dynamics Study 2017 was used, with a focus on the Tuberculosis diagnosed sub-population across all nine provinces in South Africa. The study sample consisted of forty-four individuals who were measured against the following variables: age; gender; population group; place of residence in 1994; labour market participation, education; health; emotional health and well-being and social cohesion. The study employed, Multiple Correspondence Analysis to identify significant variables associated with the well-being of Tuberculosis infected individuals. The results show that the participants of African lineage presented with the lowest level of subjective well-being, followed by the Coloured population which was more likely to have a smoking habit to further decrease their level of well-being. Gender was a significant contributor to well-being with female participants reporting an overall lower level of subjective well-being compared to their male counterpart. Furthermore, those co-infected with Tuberculosis and Human immunodeficiency Virus while poverty-stricken presented with the lowest possible level as they are likely to be depressed, have a weakened immune system and experiencing medication non-adherence.

Electric Vehicles is regarded as an important solution for emission reduction. But, the adoption to it is still a problem in many countries. With survey data containing demographic and attitude factors of respondents, this paper proposes two classification models: logistic regression and random forest using the Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) as an intermediate step to identify the factors affecting the willingness of electric vehicles purchase. The analysis shows that the addition of MCA does enhance the explanatory power while it takes a low cost on prediction performance, and the results reveal that characteristics such as frequency of using modern transport services, car-sharing subscription, living place, mode of frequent trip do have a significant impact on EV purchases.