Submitted by Daniella Sodre (daniella.sodre@ufpe.br) on 2015-03-10T13:03:19Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação Bruno Souza.pdf: 3055649 bytes, checksum: 5cedaf83e4e87135a1f22f1bb7c1dd09 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-10T13:03:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação Bruno Souza.pdf: 3055649 bytes, checksum: 5cedaf83e4e87135a1f22f1bb7c1dd09 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-09 / FACEPE / Ambientes dinâmicos e distribuídos são sistemas descentralizados que fornecem aos usuários recursos de consultas sobre um conjunto de fontes de dados heterogêneas, distribuídas e autônomas (peers). Sistemas de Integração de Dados, Peer Data Management System (PDMS) e Dataspaces são exemplos de tais sistemas. Eles são constituídos por peers que pertencem a um domínio específico e estão ligados entre si por meio de correspondências semânticas. No entanto, um desafio inerente em ambientes dinâmicos e distribuídos é o processo de reformulação de consulta entre um par de peers. Quando um usuário coloca uma consulta em um peer, a fim de adquirir mais informações, a consulta deve ser reformulada de acordo com o esquema dos peers vizinhos. Neste processo podem surgir alguns problemas como a perda semântica e a degradação da consulta. A perda semântica e degradação da consulta são problemas relacionados à perda de conceitos semânticos durante a reformulação. Por outro lado, em um ambiente semanticamente rico, ao invés de uma perda semântica, a consulta pode ter um enriquecimento semântico por meio da agregação de conceitos semanticamente relacionados durante a reformulação. Neste sentido, a consulta do usuário pode ser enriquecida e resultados semânticos mais ricos podem ser recuperados. Critérios de qualidade da informação têm sido usados em alguns trabalhos para avaliar o nível de qualidade dos elementos de um ambiente dinâmico e distribuído como, por exemplo, peers, dados e a resposta da consulta. Estes critérios são medidas dinâmicas proporcionadas pelo sistema e servem como uma pontuação que pode ser constantemente avaliada para obter o nível real de qualidade. Neste trabalho, apresentamos quatro critérios de qualidade da informação que medem a perda e o ganho de conceitos semânticos durante a reformulação da consulta entre os pares de peers. Nós apresentamos um exemplo da nossa abordagem e os algoritmos de avaliação de critérios. Também damos as nossas definições para os problemas de perda semântica e degradação da consulta. Por fim, apresentamos a experimentação que fizemos com o PDMS SPEED e os resultados obtidos. / Dynamic distributed environments are decentralized systems that provide users with querying capabilities over a set of heterogeneous, distributed and autonomous data sources (peers). Data Integration Systems, Peer Data Management Systems (PDMS) and Dataspaces are examples of such systems. They are composed by peers that belong to a specific domain and are linked to each other by correspondences (semantic connections). Nonetheless, a challenge inherent to dynamic distributed environments is the query reformulation process between a pair of peers. When a user poses a query at a peer, in order to acquire more information, the query should be reformulated in accordance with the neighbor peers schema. In this process some problems as semantic loss and query degradation can arise. The semantic loss and query degradation are problems related to the loss of semantic concepts during query reformulation. In the other hand, in such a semantic environment instead of a semantic loss the query can have a semantic enrichment by aggregating semantic related concepts during reformulation. In this sense, the user’s query can be enriched and semantically richer results can be delivered. Information Quality criteria has been used in some works to evaluate the level of quality of the distributed dynamic environment’s elements such as, peers, data and query answer. These criteria are dynamic measures provided by the system and serve as scores that can be constantly evaluated to get the actual level of quality. In this work we present four Information Quality criteria that measure the loss and enrichment of semantic concepts during query reformulation among peers. We present an example of our analysis and the algorithms that implement the evaluation of the presented criteria. We also give our definitions to the semantic loss and query degradation problems. Finally, we present the experimentation we have done with the SPEED PDMS and the obtained results.

Submitted by (lucia.rodrigues@ufrpe.br) on 2016-06-15T13:07:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Jordana Goncalves Leao.pdf: 4953511 bytes, checksum: 87707d06a20f1bbaa5356c3a4c02348c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-15T13:07:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jordana Goncalves Leao.pdf: 4953511 bytes, checksum: 87707d06a20f1bbaa5356c3a4c02348c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-26 / Starting with a set of personal letters written daily by the priest, born in Ceará, Helder Pessoa Camara which were sent to the female writer Virgínia Côrtes de Lacerda, from Minas Gerais, between the years 1944 to 1952 and under the perspective of the self writing – one of the many possibilities of Cultural History – we elaborate this paperwork. It´s focus consists to think how Helder Camara – a historical subject in terms of religious and political influence since the 1930s – uses the letters as a space of his production about himself and about others, as a place of subject production. Therefore, we will work with personal correspondences – reasoned from the text, from the material support and from the annexes like the Meditations of priest José, the photos and the maps; notes from the margins of the books; personal manuscripts and a series of interviews, made with friends and colleagues of the priest Helder Camara in the 1940s and 1950s. Thus becomes possible to think how the epistles, written in series, enable us to view the construction of his personal relations and the course whereby his ideas ripen and open new paths of reflection, a period in which the facets of personality that would be known Helder were being properly polished and mature. / Partindo de um conjunto de cartas pessoais escritas diariamente pelo padre cearense Helder Pessoa Camara para a literária mineira Virgínia Côrtes de Lacerda entre os anos de 1944 a 1952 e sob as perspectivas da Escrita de si – uma das inúmeras possibilidades da História Cultural – elaboramos este trabalho. Seu cerne consiste em pensar de que forma Helder Camara – um sujeito histórico do ponto de vista religioso e político desde os anos 1930 – faz uso das missivas como um espaço de produção de si e do outro, como um lugar de produção do sujeito. Assim, trabalharemos com correspondências pessoais – pensadas a partir do texto, do suporte material e dos anexos como as Meditações do padre José, as fotografias e mapas; anotações as margens dos livros; manuscritos pessoais e uma série de entrevistas, realizadas com amigos e colaboradores do padre Helder Camara nas décadas de 1940 e 1950. Assim torna-se possível pensar de que forma as epístolas,escritas em série, nos possibilitam visualizar a construção de suas relações pessoais e o percurso através dos quais suas ideias amadurecem e abrem novos caminhos de reflexão, em um período em que as facetas da personalidade com que Helder ficaria conhecido estavam sendo devidamente buriladas e amadurecidas.

Detecção de objetos é um problema clássico em visão computacional, presente em aplicações como vigilância automatizada, análise de imagens médicas e recuperação de informação. Dentre as abordagens existentes na literatura para resolver esse problema, destacam-se métodos baseados em reconhecimento de pontos-chave que podem ser interpretados como diferentes implementações de um mesmo arcabouço. O objetivo desta pesquisa de doutorado é desenvolver e avaliar uma versão generalizada desse arcabouço, na qual reconhecimento de pontos-chave é substituído por reconhecimento de grafos-chave. O potencial da pesquisa reside na riqueza de informação que um grafo pode apresentar antes e depois de ser reconhecido. A dificuldade da pesquisa reside nos problemas que podem ser causados por essa riqueza, como maldição da dimensionalidade e complexidade computacional. Três contribuições serão incluídas na tese: a descrição detalhada de um arcabouço para detecção de objetos baseado em grafos-chave, implementações fiéis que demonstram sua viabilidade e resultados experimentais que demonstram seu desempenho. / Object detection is a classic problem in computer vision, present in applications such as automated surveillance, medical image analysis and information retrieval. Among the existing approaches in the literature to solve this problem, we can highlight methods based on keypoint recognition that can be interpreted as different implementations of a same framework. The objective of this PhD thesis is to develop and evaluate a generalized version of this framework, on which keypoint recognition is replaced by keygraph recognition. The potential of the research resides in the information richness that a graph can present before and after being recognized. The difficulty of the research resides in the problems that can be caused by this richness, such as curse of dimensionality and computational complexity. Three contributions are included in the thesis: the detailed description of a keygraph-based framework for object detection, faithful implementations that demonstrate its feasibility and experimental results that demonstrate its performance.

Un mot et une signification peuvent entretenir une relation naturelle, motivée, plutôt qu’arbitraire, via la composition segmentale dudit mot. Ce phénomène est souvent appelé symbolisme sonore, même si nous préfèrerons employer le terme de motivation par la suite. Dans la littérature, des éléments en faveur d’une relation motivée apparaissent à la fois dans des analyses translinguistiques et des expérimentations psycholinguistiques. Par exemple, une voyelle fermée telle que [i] est davantage associée à la petitesse qu’une voyelle ouverte telle que [a], davantage associée à une taille importante. Ce schéma apparait à la fois dans les lexiques de différentes langues (Ohala, 1997) et dans les résultats de tâches d’associations (Sapir, 1929), avec des participants parlant différentes langues et à différents âges. Du fait de ces éléments communs (Iwasaki et al., 2007) et de leur précocité (Ozturk et al., 2013), il est possible de formuler l’hypothèse que la motivation a pu être un élément clé dans l’émergence du langage (Imai et al., 2015), en facilitant les interactions et l’accord entre les individus.Cette thèse offre plusieurs contributions méthodologiques à l’étude des associations motivées entre formes phonétiques et significations. La première étude a pour objectif de déterminer si des caractéristiques associées à des animaux (e.g. la dangerosité) ou à leurs catégories biologiques (oiseaux vs. poissons, sur la base de l’étude conduite par Berlin en 1994)peuvent représenter des concepts pertinents dans la mise en évidence d’associations motivées, en se basant sur l’hypothèse que les animaux étaient des sujets récurrents et importants des premières interactions langagières (en tant que potentielles sources de nourriture ou de menace). Cette étude a soulevé des questions méthodologiques, qui ont conduit à une seconde étude, dont le but était de comparer différents protocoles de tâches d’association que l’on peut trouver dans les études sur la motivation. En effet, les protocoles et les populations étudiées varient d’une étude à l’autre, et il est ainsi difficile de déterminer quel est le contraste le plus déterminant pour la mise en valeur expérimentale d’associations motivées : le contraste phonétique, ou le contraste conceptuel. Cette deuxième étude a ainsi permis d’apprécier l’influence de différents protocoles en contrôlant d’autres sources de variations à travers les différentes tâches. Elle a aussi permis de mettre en évidence la nécessité d’étudier davantage les processus cognitifs impliqués dans les associations. Ainsi, nous avons poursuivi notre investigation en noustournant vers l’influence de la forme des lettres, un facteur potentiellement déterminant dans les tâches ‘bouba-kiki’, comme l’ont proposé Cuskley et al. (2015). Bouba-kiki est un paradigme très répandu dans l’étude des associations motivées et consiste à associer des pseudomots avec des formes pointues ou arrondies. Cuskley et al. ont proposé qu’une forme pointuefaciliterait le traitement d’un pseudo-mot contenant une lettre anguleuse, telle que ‘k’. Dans notre troisième étude, nous avons adopté une version implicite de la tâche bouba-kiki, plus précisément une tâche de décision lexicale, en nous basant sur une étude antérieure de Westbury (2005). Dans cette expérience précédente, des cadres pointus et arrondis, dans lesquels apparaissaient les stimuli linguistiques, facilitaient le traitement de pseudo-mots en fonction de leurs compositions segmentales (e.g. les formes pointues accéléraient le traitement d’occlusives non-voisées telle que [k]). Nous avons manipulé les formes des lettres via deux polices de caractères différentes, une anguleuse et une curviligne, et avons ainsi essayé de démêler lesimpacts respectifs des formes des cadres et des polices sur les temps de réponse des participants. Les résultats ont mis en lumière l’importance de prendre en considération des processus visuels de bas-niveau dans l’étude des associations motivées. / Sound symbolism, or motivation as we will later refer to it, corresponds to the assumption that some words have a natural relation with their significations, instead of an arbitrary one, through their segmental composition. Some evidence stands out from the literature, from cross-linguistic investigations to psycholinguistic experimentations. For example, a closed vowel [i] is more associated to smallness, while an open vowel like [a] is more associated to largeness. This pattern appears in the lexicon of different languages (e.g. Ohala, 1997), as well as in results of associative tasks (Sapir, 1929) with participants speakingdifferent languages and at different life stages. These commonalities (e.g. Iwasaki, Vinson, & Vigliocco, 2007) and their earliness (e.g. Ozturk, Krehm, & Vouloumanos, 2013) enable to formulate the hypothesis that motivation may have represented a key-driver in the emergence of language (Imai et al., 2015), by facilitating interactions and agreement between individuals.This thesis offers several methodological contributions to the study of motivated associations. The first study of this thesis aimed at assessing whether animal features (e.g. dangerousness) or biological classes (birds vs. fish, based on Berlin, 1994) would be relevant concepts for highlighting motivated associations, based on the assumption that animals would have represented suitable candidates for the content of early interactions (as potential sources of food and threats). It raised issues regarding methodological settings which led to the second study consisting in comparing different protocols of association tasks that are found across experimentations. Indeed, in the literature, the settings and population vary from one study to another, and it is therefore not possible to determine which one of the two types of contrasts implied in association tasks is determinant for making associations: either the phonetic one or the conceptual one. This second study permitted to appraise the influence of different protocols by controlling for other sources of variation across the tasks. It also highlighted the need to better analyze the cognitive processes involved in motivated associations. This led us to complement our investigation of phonetic and conceptual contrast with a study on the influence of the graphemic shapes of letters, following Cuskley, Simmer and Kirby (2015)’s proposal of an impact of the shapes of letters in the bouba-kiki task. This task is a well-known paradigm in the study of motivated associations, based on associating pseudo-words with round or spiky shapes. Cuskley et al. suggested that a spiky shape would facilitate the processing of a pseudoword that contains an angular letter such as ‘k’. On our third study, we considered an implicit version of the ‘bouba-kiki’ task, namely a lexical decision task, building on a previous experiment by Westbury (2005). In this experiment, spiky and round frames, in which the linguistic stimuli appeared, seemed to facilitate the processing of pseudo-words according to their segmental composition (e.g. spiky frames would facilitate the processing of voiceless plosives like [k]). We manipulated the shapes of letters with two different fonts for displaying linguistic stimuli – one angular and one curvy – and tried to disentangle the respective impacts of frames and of these fonts on the participants’ response times. The results highlighted the importance of taking into account low-level visual processes in the study of motivated associations.

Le mouvement migratoire espagnol en Amérique à l'époque moderne peut être partagé en deux phases distinctes : La première est essentiellement masculine alors que la seconde intègre un nombre considérable de femmes et d'enfants. En analysant la correspondance privée provenant des Indes espagnoles entre 1540 et 1616, avec une attention particulière aux missives échangées entre les membres d'une même famille, l’objectif de ce mémoire est d’accéder au quotidien et à l'intimité des migrants et des migrantes et d’expliquer les origines et les modalités de la migration familiale dont l'apogée se situe entre 1560 et 1620. L'analyse dans la perspective du genre des « Cartas privadas de emigrantes a Indias » jette ainsi une lumière nouvelle sur les pratiques épistolaires familiales, les motifs des réunions des familles et sur l’agentivité des Espagnoles dans la construction de la société coloniale. / Spanish migration flows to the Americas in the early modern age can be divided into two separate phases: The first was predominantly male while the latter included a large number of women and children. Analysing the private letters from the Spanish Indies between 1540 and 1616, notably those exchanged between members of the same family, this thesis explores the daily and intimate lives of these male and female migrants. It also seeks to explain the origin and modalities of family migration, which reached its apogee between 1560 and 1620. A gendered analysis of the « Cartas privadas de emigrantes a Indias » sheds new light on the familial practice of correspondence, the underlying reasons for family reunions, and the agency of Spanish women in the building of this colonial society.

Uma das mais influentes figuras da literatura irlandesa, o escritor W. B. Yeats conta com uma vasta obra em diversos gêneros (poesia, prosa ficcional, ensaios, teatro, autobiografias) e que se estende por uma longa carreira, do final dos anos 1880 até sua morte, em 1939. Durante todos esses anos de intensa atividade, Yeats acumulou uma profícua correspondência, da qual quase oito mil cartas sobrevivem. Parte de um esforço de décadas, vêm sendo publicados volumes das Collected Letters of W. B. Yeats, um projeto de edição crítica completa da correspondência ativa do autor sob edição-geral de John Kelly para a Oxford University Press. Partindo de uma análise do histórico de publicação das cartas do escritor até o presente momento da edição de John Kelly, esta tese contextualiza as diferentes formas como o rico material das cartas foi utilizado pela crítica do autor e propõe uma exploração das epístolas que Yeats envia a periódicos de língua inglesa para publicação nas seções de Cartas ao Editor, ao final do século XIX. O recorte proposto e a abordagem adotada baseiam-se em um entendimento da correspondência de escritores como um campo de estudo distinto, regido por preocupações que remetem a características específicas do gênero carta. Ancorando-se em diversos outros estudos sobre a escrita epistolar, sejam eles de cunho mais teórico (como DIAZ, 2002), sejam aplicados a escritores específicos (como STANLEY, 2011), a presente pesquisa explora a correspondência aberta do jovem Yeats para ressaltar os usos políticos que ele faz desse tipo de texto. Considerando-se diferentes temas e controvérsias nas quais ele se envolve, partese de uma contextualização do conteúdo referencial das cartas para uma análise das formas como o escritor busca engajar-se com o leitor com o intuito de convencêlo. O estudo revelou que o período escolhido é rico em material sobre a relação entre a literatura e a construção da identidade seja a identidade pessoal e artística do próprio poeta, que busca definir-se em relação à tradição, seja a identidade de toda uma literatura nacional. Para o poeta, definir o cânone nacional irlandês era uma condição essencial para a independência política, uma antiga reinvidicação de parcelas do povo irlandês e que volta a ter grande relevância com os movimentos nacionalistas dos séculos XIX e XX. A análise das estratégias utilizadas por Yeats nas cartas abertas revela uma crescente sofisticação de técnicas e no uso das potencialidades dialógicas e performativas da escrita epistolar e demonstra, concomitantemente, seu amadurecimento como escritor. / One of the most influential figures in Irish literature, the writer W. B. Yeats has produced a vast oeuvre spanning many genres (poetry, prose fiction, essays, theater, autobiographies) and extending over a long career, from the late 1880s until his death in 1939. During all these years of intense activity, Yeats accumulated a fruitful correspondence, of which nearly eight thousand letters survive. Part of an effort of decades that have been published as The Collected Letters of W. B. Yeats, an ongoing critical edition of the authors correspondence under the general editorship of John Kelly for the Oxford University Press. From an analysis of the history of publication of the writers correspondence until John Kellys edition, this thesis contextualizes the different ways in which this rich material has been used by Yeats criticism and proposes an exploration of the letters Yeats sends to periodicals for publication in the Letters to the Editor section during the end of the nineteenth century. The proposed focus and approach are based on an understanding of the writers correspondence as a distinct field of study, governed by concerns that refer back to the specific characteristics of the letter genre. Anchored by several other studies on epistolary writing, both from a more theoretical nature (as DIAZ, 2002) or applied to specific writers (as STANLEY, 2011), this research explores the open correspondence of the young Yeats to highlight the political uses of this kind of text. Considering different issues and controversies in which he engages, the study includes a contextualization of the content of the letters and an analysis of the ways in which the writer seeks to engage with readers in order to convince them. The research found that the chosen period is rich in material dealing with the relationship between literature and the construction of identity be it the personal and artistic identity of the poet, who tries to define himself in relation to tradition, or the identity of a national literature. For the poet, defining Irish national canon was an essential condition for political independence a centuries-long aspiration of the Irish people that once again achieves great relevance among the nationalist movements in the nineteenth and twentieth century. The analysis of the strategies used by Yeats in open letters reveals a growing sophistication in terms of the techniques and his use of the dialogical and performative potentials of the epistolary writing, concomitantly revealing how he matures as a writer.

Ši disertacija – tai kontrastyvinio pobūdžio lingvistinis darbas, kurio tyrimų objektas yra viešasis anglų ir lietuvių kalbų diskursas politine tema. Darbo tikslas – nustatyti, kokiais moralės modeliais vadovaujamasi Didžiosios Britanijos ir Lietuvos viešajame diskurse politine tematika, remiantis metaforos analize. Moksliniam tyrimui buvo renkami analitiniai straipsniai, kuriuose aprašomi Lietuvos (www.politika.lt) ir Didžiosios Britanijos (www.economist.com) politiniai įvykiai ketverių (Britanijos atveju) ir dvejų (Lietuvos atveju) metų laikotarpiu. Visame sinchroniniame tyrime taikomas trianguliacijos metodas, leidžiantis ištirti metaforos raišką įvairiais aspektais, derinant kokybinius (aprašomąjį, analitinį ir kognityvinį) tyrimus su kiekybiniu tyrimu. Buvo nustatyta trylika universalių metaforų: JUDĖJIMAS, JĖGA, KARAS, GYVŪNAI, SANDARA, JUSLĖS, VISUMA, SPORTAS, SVEIKATA, SANTYKIAI, PURVAS, VERSLAS ir TEATRAS. Gretinamoji analizė rodo, kad anglų kalbos metaforos skiriasi nuo lietuvių kalbos metaforų savo epistemine sandara. Anglų kalbos metaforų analizė rodo vertinimą, grindžiamą kompleksiniu moralės modeliu. Toks politinių įvykių vertinimas byloja apie progresyvią demokratinę politinę sistemą, pasižyminčią dinamiškumu, vertinimų kaita ir įvairove. Lietuvių kalbos metaforų analizės metu nustatytas vyraujantis pragmatinis metaforos moralės modelis su labai nežymiai išreikštais kitais metaforos moralės modeliais. Toks Lietuvos politinių įvykių vertinimas rodo pragmatinės... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The present study has attempted the analysis of public discourse and its moral expectations through metaphor at a contrastive level in the theoretical framework of cognitive linguistics. The study deals with the identification of morality models in public discourse in English and Lithuanian. The materials of the study consist of analytical political articles extracted from the online archives of two following websites: (1) www.economist.com, (2) www.politika.lt. The collected data amounts to 415, 670 words in total. Three methods of analysis were applied to the collected data: qualitative, quantitative and contrastive. The analysis reveals that political affairs in both cultures are framed by the same conceptual metaphors. The structural composition of the conceptual metaphors has been examined in terms of the following thirteen SOURCE domains: MOTION, RELATIONSHIP, STRENGTH, HEALTH, SPORTS, WAR, ESSENCE, BUSINESS, DIRT, SENSES, WHOLENESS, THEATRE, and ANIMALS. The cross-mapping between SOURCE domains and TARGET domains is held by different epistemic correspondences, which leads to the variability of MORALITY models across the two languages, i.e. English and Lithuanian. British politics tends to be more varied in its moral expectations, which derive from three types of Morality Systems: Pragmatic, Rational and Integrated. Thus, the moral expectations governing British political discourse are based on the Complex Morality Model. By contrast, Lithuanian politics is... [to full text]

The present study has attempted the analysis of public discourse and its moral expectations through metaphor at a contrastive level in the theoretical framework of cognitive linguistics. The study deals with the identification of morality models in public discourse in English and Lithuanian. The materials of the study consist of analytical political articles extracted from the online archives of two following websites: (1) www.economist.com, (2) www.politika.lt. The collected data amounts to 415, 670 words in total. Three methods of analysis were applied to the collected data: qualitative, quantitative and contrastive. The analysis reveals that political affairs in both cultures are framed by the same conceptual metaphors. The structural composition of the conceptual metaphors has been examined in terms of the following thirteen SOURCE domains: MOTION, RELATIONSHIP, STRENGTH, HEALTH, SPORTS, WAR, ESSENCE, BUSINESS, DIRT, SENSES, WHOLENESS, THEATRE, and ANIMALS. The cross-mapping between SOURCE domains and TARGET domains is held by different epistemic correspondences, which leads to the variability of MORALITY models across the two languages, i.e. English and Lithuanian. British politics tends to be more varied in its moral expectations, which derive from three types of Morality Systems: Pragmatic, Rational and Integrated. Thus, the moral expectations governing British political discourse are based on the Complex Morality Model. By contrast, Lithuanian politics is... [to full text] / Ši disertacija – tai kontrastyvinio pobūdžio lingvistinis darbas, kurio tyrimų objektas yra viešasis anglų ir lietuvių kalbų diskursas politine tema. Darbo tikslas – nustatyti, kokiais moralės modeliais vadovaujamasi Didžiosios Britanijos ir Lietuvos viešajame diskurse politine tematika, remiantis metaforos analize. Moksliniam tyrimui buvo renkami analitiniai straipsniai, kuriuose aprašomi Lietuvos (www.politika.lt) ir Didžiosios Britanijos (www.economist.com) politiniai įvykiai ketverių (Britanijos atveju) ir dvejų (Lietuvos atveju) metų laikotarpiu. Visame sinchroniniame tyrime taikomas trianguliacijos metodas, leidžiantis ištirti metaforos raišką įvairiais aspektais, derinant kokybinius (aprašomąjį, analitinį ir kognityvinį) tyrimus su kiekybiniu tyrimu. Buvo nustatyta trylika universalių metaforų: JUDĖJIMAS, JĖGA, KARAS, GYVŪNAI, SANDARA, JUSLĖS, VISUMA, SPORTAS, SVEIKATA, SANTYKIAI, PURVAS, VERSLAS ir TEATRAS. Gretinamoji analizė rodo, kad anglų kalbos metaforos skiriasi nuo lietuvių kalbos metaforų savo epistemine sandara. Anglų kalbos metaforų analizė rodo vertinimą, grindžiamą kompleksiniu moralės modeliu. Toks politinių įvykių vertinimas byloja apie progresyvią demokratinę politinę sistemą, pasižyminčią dinamiškumu, vertinimų kaita ir įvairove. Lietuvių kalbos metaforų analizės metu nustatytas vyraujantis pragmatinis metaforos moralės modelis su labai nežymiai išreikštais kitais metaforos moralės modeliais. Toks Lietuvos politinių įvykių vertinimas rodo pragmatinės... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

Uma das mais influentes figuras da literatura irlandesa, o escritor W. B. Yeats conta com uma vasta obra em diversos gêneros (poesia, prosa ficcional, ensaios, teatro, autobiografias) e que se estende por uma longa carreira, do final dos anos 1880 até sua morte, em 1939. Durante todos esses anos de intensa atividade, Yeats acumulou uma profícua correspondência, da qual quase oito mil cartas sobrevivem. Parte de um esforço de décadas, vêm sendo publicados volumes das Collected Letters of W. B. Yeats, um projeto de edição crítica completa da correspondência ativa do autor sob edição-geral de John Kelly para a Oxford University Press. Partindo de uma análise do histórico de publicação das cartas do escritor até o presente momento da edição de John Kelly, esta tese contextualiza as diferentes formas como o rico material das cartas foi utilizado pela crítica do autor e propõe uma exploração das epístolas que Yeats envia a periódicos de língua inglesa para publicação nas seções de Cartas ao Editor, ao final do século XIX. O recorte proposto e a abordagem adotada baseiam-se em um entendimento da correspondência de escritores como um campo de estudo distinto, regido por preocupações que remetem a características específicas do gênero carta. Ancorando-se em diversos outros estudos sobre a escrita epistolar, sejam eles de cunho mais teórico (como DIAZ, 2002), sejam aplicados a escritores específicos (como STANLEY, 2011), a presente pesquisa explora a correspondência aberta do jovem Yeats para ressaltar os usos políticos que ele faz desse tipo de texto. Considerando-se diferentes temas e controvérsias nas quais ele se envolve, partese de uma contextualização do conteúdo referencial das cartas para uma análise das formas como o escritor busca engajar-se com o leitor com o intuito de convencêlo. O estudo revelou que o período escolhido é rico em material sobre a relação entre a literatura e a construção da identidade seja a identidade pessoal e artística do próprio poeta, que busca definir-se em relação à tradição, seja a identidade de toda uma literatura nacional. Para o poeta, definir o cânone nacional irlandês era uma condição essencial para a independência política, uma antiga reinvidicação de parcelas do povo irlandês e que volta a ter grande relevância com os movimentos nacionalistas dos séculos XIX e XX. A análise das estratégias utilizadas por Yeats nas cartas abertas revela uma crescente sofisticação de técnicas e no uso das potencialidades dialógicas e performativas da escrita epistolar e demonstra, concomitantemente, seu amadurecimento como escritor. / One of the most influential figures in Irish literature, the writer W. B. Yeats has produced a vast oeuvre spanning many genres (poetry, prose fiction, essays, theater, autobiographies) and extending over a long career, from the late 1880s until his death in 1939. During all these years of intense activity, Yeats accumulated a fruitful correspondence, of which nearly eight thousand letters survive. Part of an effort of decades that have been published as The Collected Letters of W. B. Yeats, an ongoing critical edition of the authors correspondence under the general editorship of John Kelly for the Oxford University Press. From an analysis of the history of publication of the writers correspondence until John Kellys edition, this thesis contextualizes the different ways in which this rich material has been used by Yeats criticism and proposes an exploration of the letters Yeats sends to periodicals for publication in the Letters to the Editor section during the end of the nineteenth century. The proposed focus and approach are based on an understanding of the writers correspondence as a distinct field of study, governed by concerns that refer back to the specific characteristics of the letter genre. Anchored by several other studies on epistolary writing, both from a more theoretical nature (as DIAZ, 2002) or applied to specific writers (as STANLEY, 2011), this research explores the open correspondence of the young Yeats to highlight the political uses of this kind of text. Considering different issues and controversies in which he engages, the study includes a contextualization of the content of the letters and an analysis of the ways in which the writer seeks to engage with readers in order to convince them. The research found that the chosen period is rich in material dealing with the relationship between literature and the construction of identity be it the personal and artistic identity of the poet, who tries to define himself in relation to tradition, or the identity of a national literature. For the poet, defining Irish national canon was an essential condition for political independence a centuries-long aspiration of the Irish people that once again achieves great relevance among the nationalist movements in the nineteenth and twentieth century. The analysis of the strategies used by Yeats in open letters reveals a growing sophistication in terms of the techniques and his use of the dialogical and performative potentials of the epistolary writing, concomitantly revealing how he matures as a writer.

The main goal of this master’s thesis was get up used methods for observation the stereoscopic scene with one couple of cameras and find out good solving for processing these resulting pictures for two-view and multiple-view autostereoscopic displays for three-dimensional perception. For methods for acquisition video was introduced two methods. They were method “Off-axis” with parallel camera axis and method “Toe in” with intersections axis. For fit method was choice the method named as “Off-axis“. It was not produces the vertical parallax and in detail was in this work described principle of this method. Further were describe principles off used methods for three-dimensional perception namely from the oldest method named anaglyph after methods for viewing at autostereoscopic displays. The Autostereoscopic displays were main goal of this thesis and so their principles were described in details. For production the result image for autostereoscopic displays was used generation intermediate images between left and right camera. Resulting videos were acquisition for testing scene in created in 3D studio Blender, where was possible setting system of cameras exactly parallel axis. Then were introduce principles processing video where was extract from the couple of cameras where were connected to PC for help digitizing card and next time with two web cameras. Here is not guaranteed exact parallel axis system. Therefore this work try for real cameras achieve exactly parallel axis system by the help of transformations of frames with stereo rectification. Stereo rectification was solving with OpenCV libraries and was used two methods. Both methods work from principles epipolar geometry that was described in this work also in detail. First method rectifies pictures on the basis fundamental matrix and found correspondences points in two images of the scene and second method rectifies pictures from knowledge intrinsic and extrinsic parameters of stereoscopic system of cameras. In the end of this work was described application for implementation introduced methods.