Research in the field of gaming and the gaming culture shows that the culture is characterized by sexism and hypermasculinity, however a majority of this research is conducted in an Anglo-Saxon context. Therefore the aim of this study was to elucidate the Swedish gaming discourse in relation to gender, gendered norms and stereotypes. We also sought to examine the relationship between the editorial content and the blog comments. The study was based on a critical discourse analysis with a gender perspective, applied to five Swedish gaming blogs. By implementing power theory and encoding/decoding theory, we have concluded that there is a discursive struggle, where one part of the gaming culture is characterized by male dominance, while the other part of the discourse is showing signs of resistance to this hypermasculinity. We found that there is a gap between how gender is portrayed among the blog comments in relationship to the editorial content.

In this paper we study two speeches held by the chairman of the MEDEF, Pierre Gattaz, at the opening ceremony of the Summer universities in 2016 and 2017. The event is organised by the MEDEF, the leading network of entrepreneurs in France, every summer at the end of August. It is an important event gathering key people and decision-makers from the political and economical arena from France and abroad, and thus an ideal occasion for the network to put forward its claims on necessary changements and reforms to get in place in order to improve the entrepreneurial climat in France. We conduct a discursive analysis of the two speeches to see how the economical discourse in France is pronounced by the MEDEF and what specifically characterises it. We also look at the social and  political context to see how it impacts the speeches. Another important aspect is to study the image of the speaker and how it is constructed in the two speeches by analysing the expressions, vocabulary, disposition and demeanor. We also compare the common denominators and differentiators of both speeches.

In this paper we study two speeches held by the chairman of the MEDEF, Pierre Gattaz, at the opening ceremony of the Summer universities in 2016 and 2017. The event is organised by the MEDEF, the leading network of entrepreneurs in France, every summer at the end of August. It is an important event gathering key people and decision-makers from the political and economical arena from France and abroad, and thus an ideal occasion for the network to put forward its claims on necessary changements and reforms to get in place in order to improve the entrepreneurial climat in France. We conduct a discursive analysis of the two speeches to see how the economical discourse in France is pronounced by the MEDEF and what specifically characterises it. We also look at the social and  political context to see how it impacts the speeches. Another important aspect is to study the image of the speaker and how it is constructed in the two speeches by analysing the expressions, vocabulary, disposition and demeanor. We also compare the common denominators and differentiators of both speeches.

Studien syftar till att undersöka om, och i så fall hur, Sametingets egna myndighetskommunikation bidrar till att konstruera ojämlika maktrelationer mellan samer och den svenska staten. Remissvar och pressmeddelanden med Sametinget som avsändare studeras genom en kritisk diskursanalys med fokus på hur kunskap, handlingsmöjligheter och handlingsbegränsningar framställs för de båda aktörerna. Studien görs med ett teoretiskt ramverk som inbegriper diskursteori, representationsteori och postkolonial teori. Resultatet visar att det i Sametingets diskurs framkommer fyra teman: Distans till en passiv stat och närhet till ett aktivt Sameting; Samer har en särställd kultur och unik kunskap som inte iakttas av staten; Statens handling och makt är inte legitim och Rovdjurspolitiken är ett problem som behöver åtgärdas. Genom dessa teman framkommer att kunskap som samer besitter inte framställs på samma sätt som kunskap som svenska staten besitter. Samernas unika kunskap framställs som något som borde ligga till grund för politiska beslut och myndighetsutövning medan statens kunskap framställs vara ogrundad och otillräcklig. Detsamma gäller för framställningen av handlingsutrymme, aktörernas handlingsmöjligheter framställs olika. Samernas och Sametingets handlingsmöjligheter framställs ofta som begränsade medan staten framställs ha för stora handlingsmöjligheter särskilt mot bakgrund av att staten varken själva har tillräcklig kunskap eller tar samernas kunskap i beaktande. Slutligen visar studien att Sametinget ifrågasätter den rådande maktrelationen mellan samer och staten och således i stora drag inte bidrar till att bibehålla rådande maktrelation. / This thesis aims to study if communication from Sametinget contribute to the construction of unequal power relations between Sámi people and the Swedish government. In a critical discourse analysis comment letters and press releases from Sametinget where analysed with a focus on how both of the actors’ knowledge and scope of action is depicted. The thesis’ theoretical framework consists of discourse theory, theory of representation and postcolonial theory.  The results show four main themes in Sametinget’s discourse: Distance from a passive government and proximity to the active Sametinget; The Sámi people has a specific culture and unique knowledge that is not sufficiently observed by the government; The government’s actions and power are not legitimate and The current politics of predatory animals is a problem that needs to be solved. Furthermore, the themes show that knowledge of the Sámi people is depicted differently from the government’s knowledge. The Sámi people’s unique knowledge is depicted as something that should, make up the foundation for political decisions and legislation. Meanwhile, the government’s knowledge is depicted to be unfounded and insufficient. The same goes for the depiction of scope of action, where the actors scope of action is depicted differently. The Sámi people’s and Sametinget’s scope of action is often depicted as limited while the government’s scope of action is depicted as being to large. Lastly, the thesis concludes that Sametinget questions the current power relation between the Sámi people and the government and is therefore generally not contributing to the maintaining of current power relations.

Denna studie fokuserar på medieaktörers språkanvändning kring ämnet konsumtion, med utgångsläge i den överkonsumtion som idag råder. En medieaktör som har makten att legitimera åsikter samt har tillgång till den offentliga diskursen är de som kallas influencers. Studien ämnar skapa kritisk språkmedvetenhet hos mediekonsumenter, vilket gör studiens syfte till att undersöka hur influencers i mediet podcast konstruerar bilden av konsumtion. Detta för att se hur de, i och med sin maktposition, upprätthåller den rådande konsumtionsnormen. Studien fokuserar på en av Sveriges största podcaster: Fredagspodden med Hannah och Amanda. För att kunna se konstruktioner av konsumtion genomförs denna studie med en kritisk diskursanalys. Studiens teoretiska ramverk grundar sig i Zygmunt Baumans beskrivning av konsumism. Utöver denna ses även förklaringar i struktureringsteorin, dess syn på maktbegreppet samt i teori om legitimering. Studiens tillvägagångssätt baseras på den tredimensionella analysmodellen som ursprungligenärutvecklad av Norman Fairclough. Materialet har därför genomarbetats i tre dimensioner: textpraktik, diskursiv praktik och social praktik. Detta görs för att förstå var praktiks relation till varandra, något som möjliggör förståelse för hur språket är påverkat av, och även påverkar, rådande normer och sociala system. Utifrån de språkliga resurser som framkommit i studiematerialet har fem diskursiva teman uppenbarats: konsumtion som behov, framställning av överdriven konsumtion, lyssnaren som antagen konsument, konsumtion som källa till välmåendesamt konsumtion somidentitetsbyggande. Tillsammans kan sägas att de diskursiva temana legitimerar rådande konsumtionsnormer och materialet bör därför ses som en bidragande faktor till överkonsumtion. / This study is focusing on opinion leaders in media and their language usage regarding the topic of consumption. This due to the overconsumption that is evident in our society today. One opinion leader that have the power to legitimize and the access to the public discourse is the one referred to as an influencer. The purpose of this study is to increase critical language awareness amongst media consumers, which is done by examining how influencers in the podcast media construct the image of consumption. This is done to see how they, in their position of power, maintain the Swedish consumption norm. The study is focusing on one of Sweden's largest podcasts: Fredagspodden with Hannah and Amanda. In order to see constructions of consumption, this study is conducted with a critical discourse analysis. The theoretical framework of the study is based on Zygmunt Baumans description of consumerism. In addition to this, the structuration theory with its view on the concept of power is used, as well as thetheory of legitimacy. The approach of this study is based on the three-dimensional analysis model originally developed by Norman Fairclough. The material has been elaborated in three dimensions: text practice, discursive practice and social practice. This was done to understand the relationship between each practice in relation to the others, making it possible to understand how the language affects and is influenced by the prevailing norms and social systems. Based on the linguistic resources presented in the study material, five discourse themes have been revealed: consumption as desideratum; representation of excessive consumption; the listener as an assumed consumer; consumption as a source for well-being; and consumption as identity building. Together, it can be said that the themes legitimize the current Swedish consumption norm and the material should therefore be seen as a contributing factor to overconsumption.