Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-02-26Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:18:25Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 olivio_mp_me_sjrp.pdf: 538365 bytes, checksum: 1dd2bf23f7e11204b3b407a602c72522 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A autobiografia do escritor cubano Reinaldo Arenas, intitulada Antes que Anoiteça (Antes que Anochezca, 2006), é o objeto de estudo deste trabalho que tem como objetivo analisar como se processa a representação do sentimento de encarceramento, experimentado pelo autor diante do contexto sócio-político do regime socialista de Fidel Castro em Cuba, no foco narrativo desta obra e de sua adaptação cinematográfica (Antes do Anoitecer – Before Night Falls, 2000) pelo diretor americano Julian Schabel. O contexto do século XX, chamado por Márcio Seligmann-Silva como a “Era das Catástrofes” (2003) por ter sido palco de guerras, revoluções e genocídios, demonstra a necessidade de um conceito de história, baseada na memória e não no progresso linear da história oficial. A obra autobiográfica de Arenas, se entendida como um testemunho dos eventos históricos que tiveram lugar em Cuba a partir da implantação do regime pós-Revolução de 1959, servirá como base para um novo olhar sobre a história de Cuba, na medida em que será capaz de revelar acontecimentos que não foram registrados pela história oficial. / The object of this study is Cuban writer Reinaldo Arenas’ autobiography, entitled Antes que Anoiteça, 1994 (Antes que Anochezca, 2006), and its aim is to analyze how this book represents the sense of imprisonment, experienced by the author because of the sociopolitical context of Fidel Castro’s socialist system in Cuba. Such aspect is investigated in the narrative focus of both the book and its film adaptation (Antes do Anoitecer - Before Night Falls, 2000) by American director Julian Schnabel. The twentieth century context, called the “Era of Disaster” by Márcio Seligmann-Silva (2003), due to its having been the scene of wars, revolutions and genocides, suggests the need for a concept of history based on memory and not on official history linear progress. Arenas’ autobiographical work, if seen as a testimony of the historical events which took place in Cuba during the regime established after 1959 Revolution, will serve as the basis for a new look at Cuban history, since it may disclose events which were not reported by official history.

In my dissertation, I study a selection of little known Spanish and Cuban texts published during the Cuban War of Independence at the end of the 19th century. In this project, I provide a transatlantic approach of literary texts in various genres and subgenres, and political messages exchanged between Cuba and Spain, which have been neglected by scholars in the field. By analyzing the emergence of a colonial discourse in the works of novelists, politicians and thinkers who wrote about the Cuban-Spanish confrontation, I establish their ambiguous and frequently contradictory colonial messages. In doing so, this dissertation furthers our understanding of the complexities of the political moment as well as the interest and ideals that ignited the conflict. The study is of great relevance in view of the recent agreements between the United States and Cuba. The relations between the two countries are evolving in a way that was unthinkable at the beginning of the 20th century. Furthermore, secessionist feelings within the Spanish nation are reemerging and similar allegations and demands that brought Cuba to independence are in place. For all these reasons, it is necessary revisiting and comprehending the complex and, frequently contradictory, discourses that emerged in a moment, which was determinant for the development and future political attitudes of the three nations involved.

Esta pesquisa busca, desde uma abordagem etnográfica e autoetnográfica, apresentar uma cartografia diacrônica do devir criativo e artístico do Grupo Teatro Escambray de Cuba, através das obras criadas a partir de pesquisas sobre as particularidades de seus espectadores (população camponesa) imersos em circunstâncias históricas, políticas, econômicas e geográficas que foram evoluindo e se modificando ao longo de cinquenta anos desde sua fundação em 1968 até 2018, e que dão mostra das distintas etapas do processo revolucionário levado a cabo na ilha caribenha desde 1959. O Grupo Teatro Escambray se tornou um marco no teatro cubano e no marco de teatro de grupo na América Latina por ter abandonado o contexto urbano como lugar de criação , para encarar a relação com um espectador não experimentado que vive no campo e que - no início de um período de mudanças no processo político de Cuba - enfrentou profundas contradições; uma nova maneira de criar que ecoou no chamado movimento de Teatro Nuevo na ilha e que dialogou com diferentes processos de criação em grupo que ocorreram na década de 1960 em países como Colômbia, Brasil, Uruguai e Argentina, entre outros. Esta cartografia diacrônica do Grupo Teatro Escambray foi abordada desde uma viagem íntima e pessoal da pesquisadora em uma espécie de intercambio e y retroalimentação donde tanto o objeto de estudo, como quem o estuda, experimentam as vicissitudes da mudança. / This research seeks, from an ethnographic and self-ethnographic approach, to present a diachronic cartography of the creative and artistic evolution of the Escambray Theater Group of Cuba, through the works created, from research on the particularities of its spectators (peasant population), with historical, political, economic and geographical circumstances that have evolved over fifty years since its founding in 1968 until 2018, which also show the different stages of the revolutionary process that has taken place on the Caribbean island since 1959. The Escambray Theater Group has marked a milestone within the Cuban theater and in the context of group theater in Latin America for having abandoned the urban context as a place of creation, to face the relationship with an inexperienced spectator who lives in the countryside and who - at the beginning of a period of changes within the political process of Cuba - faced deep contradictions; a new way of creating that echoed in what was called the New Theater movement on the island and that echoed with different group creation processes that took place in the 1960s in countries such as Colombia, Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina, among others. This diachronic cartography of the Escambray Theater Group has been approached from the intimate and personal journey of the researcher in a sort of exchange and feedback where both the object of study, and who studies it, experience the vicissitudes of change.