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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
101

A novel approach to the synthesis of the FG fragment of pectenotoxin-4

Luscombe, Kirsty Nicole January 2012 (has links)
The cobalt-catalysed oxidative cyclisation of 5-hydroxy alkenes has been demonstrated to be a powerful synthetic tool for the formation of trans-THFs with excellent diastereoselectivity. This thesis describes the utilisation of this methodology in the synthesis of the FG fragment of pectenotoxin-4, allowing the scope of the reaction to be further explored. Introduction: This section introduces the pectenotoxins, a family of structurally complex closed-chain polyether macrolides with promising biological activities. The isolation, structural elucidation, and biological properties of the pectenotoxins are reviewed, along with a summary of previous syntheses towards the FG fragment of pectenotoxin-4. In addition, the cobalt-catalysed oxidative cyclisation of 5-hydroxy alkenes and its application in synthesis is discussed. Results and Discussion: An outline of the synthetic strategy employed in this project and details of the novel retrosynthesis of the C31-C40 fragment of pectenotoxin-4 is described. The synthetic studies carried out towards the synthesis of the FG fragment of pectenotoxin-4 are discussed in detail, with the exploitation of a cobalt-catalysed oxidative cyclisation as the key step to form the trans-THF F-ring. Overall, the FG fragment, which contains six stereogenic centres, was achieved in 18 total synthetic steps (13 longest linear sequence).
102

Nouvelles voies pour la synthèse diastéréosélective d'analogues de nucléosides 1,2-cis et 1,2-trans

Prévost, Michel January 2007 (has links)
Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.
103

Stratégies pour l'accès rapide à des hétérocycles azotés à partir d'alcools propargyliques / Rapid strategies to nitrogen heterocycles from propargylic alcohols

Gayon, Eric 30 November 2012 (has links)
La partie principale de ce manuscrit traite du développement de nouvelles méthodologies utilisant la substitution propargylique catalysée par des sels de fer(III), pour la formation de divers hétérocycles azotés (∆4-isoxazolines, isoxazoles, cis-acylaziridines et pyrimidines). En premier lieu, de nouvelles synthèses monotopes de ∆4-isoxazolines et d'isoxazoles diversement substitués impliquant des réactions de cyclisation catalysées par diverses espèces carbophiles ([Au], [Pd], [I+]) ont été développées. La fragilité de la liaison N-O des ∆4-isoxazolines a pu être ensuite exploitée pour conduire à la formation de cis-acylaziridines. De nouvelles voies d'accès aux (Z)-β-énaminones et aux pyrimidines trisubstituées ont été également développées. / The main part of this manuscript deals with the development of new methodologies using iron(III)-catalyzed propargylic substitution, for the synthesis of various nitrogen-containing heterocycles (Δ4-isoxazolines, isoxazoles, cis-acylaziridines and pyrimidines). Firstly, new one-pot syntheses of variously substituted Δ4-isoxazolines and isoxazoles involving cyclization reactions promoted by various carbophilic species ([Au], [Pd], [I+]) have been developed. The weakness of the Δ4-isoxazoline N-O bond has been then exploited, leading to the formation of cis-acylaziridines. New pathways to (Z)-β-enaminones and trisubstituted pyrimidines have also been developed.
104

Synthèse asymétrique d'acides phosphoniques et phosphoniques cycliques / β-Enaminones, alkenylphosphonates and alkenylphosphinates as substrates in cyclization reactions

Szymczyk, Monika 17 December 2012 (has links)
Les dérivés hétérocycliques sont incorporés dans la structure de nombreuses molécules biologiquement actives, naturelles ou de synthèse. Ce travail de thèse décrit les efforts réalisés pour développer de nouvelles voies d'accès à deux familles de ces composés hétérocycliques : les hétérocycles phosphorés et les pyrimidines. Le premier chapitre est dédié à une étude bibliographique de l'ensemble des méthodologies d'hydrophosphonylation et d'hydrophosphinylation connues à ce jour. Le second chapitre décrit nos efforts pour développer des réactions de formation de liaisons carbone-phosphore pallado-catalysées. Le dernier chapitre est consacré à la mise au point d'une synthèse originales de β-enaminones protégées et de leur utilisation pour la synthèse de pyrimidines diversement substituées. / Compounds classified as heterocyclic are found in numerous natural products and molecules biogically active. The work described herein will focus on the synthesis of two families of heterocyclic compounds through two distincts synthetic pathways. The first one lays in the organophosphorus chemistry. In Chapter I, numerous methodologies known in the literature will be explained. The significance of metal-catalyzed hydrophosphonylation / hydrophosphinylation reactions will be described. Chapter II stands for the experimental exploration of metal-catalyzed intramolecular and intermolecular P-C bond formation. In Chapter III the attention will be turned to the development of a base-catalyzed synthesis of Cbz-protected β-enaminones and their subsequent implementation in the cyclization reaction towards 2,4,6-trisubstituted pyrimidines.
105

A novel methodology for the asymmetric synthesis of beta-lactams and beta-amino acids

Evans, Caroline January 2012 (has links)
No description available.
106

Synthetic methodology and application of enamine [2+2] cyclisations for cyclobutane synthesis : development of integrin antagonists as anticancer therapeutics towards a total synthesis of providencin

Throup, Adam Eric January 2015 (has links)
Cyclobutanes represent an underutilised structural feature in medicinal chemistry, partially due to difficulties in forming them in an easy and controlled manner. Herein is described their application to a drug discovery project and development of the enamine [2+2] cyclisation; a straightforward synthesis of functionalised cyclobutanes. A library of 30 cyclobutane based integrin antagonists have been designed and synthesised to explore the SAR around the hit dual β3 integrin antagonist ICT9055. Several of which were shown to be highly potent antagonists inhibiting cancer cell adhesion, migration and invasion while remaining non-toxic. ICT9072 had comparable β3 activity to hit compound ICT9055 but also had activity against αvβ5 and therefore showed greater inhibition of migration of DLD-1 cells. This showed the ability to modify this scaffold for multi integrin antagonism and potential benefit of this. Synthetic studies towards the marine natural product providencin has led to the development of a previously unknown intramolecular enamine [2+2] cyclisation which has been shown to proceed in a diastereoselective manner. This reaction has been applied to the synthesis of a highly functionalised enatiopure cyclobutene suitable for inclusion into the total synthesis. A model furyl cyclobutane has also been synthesised to exemplify the route from the enantiopure cyclobutene through to the furyl cyclobutane fragment of providencin.
107

Novel methodology towards the total synthesis of Pseudopterogorgia metabolites

O'Hora, Paul January 2013 (has links)
In 1982, routine screening of the Pseudopterogorgia elizabethae stirred the scientific community by showing the presence of cytotoxic metabolites with antimicrobial activity. Since this discovery a vast amount of research has been conducted in synthesising metabolites of the soft coral. Herein we report the developments towards the synthesis of two metabolites (+)-Erogorgiaene and (+)-Elisabethadione utilising three key reactions in setting up the molecules three chiral centres. The use of asymmetric allylation, oxy-Cope rearrangement and cationic cyclisation was utilised to set up the desired stereocentres from a starting cinnamyl aldehyde. Natural elisabethadione was synthesised in a racemic form as a 2:1 mixture of diastereoisomers at the C-13 stereocentre.
108

Total Synthesis of the Putative Structure of Tridachiahydropyrone

Jeffery, David William, david.jeffery@awri.com.au January 2005 (has links)
Polypropionate marine natural products have emerged as a class of compounds that display a high degree of structural diversity. Specifically, metabolites such as that reported as tridachiahydropyrone (7), isolated from sacoglossan molluscs, display novel ring systems. The introductory chapter gives some background on tridachione marine natural products and outlines the isolation of metabolites from several species of sacoglossan mollusc. Chapter One also gives examples of the utility of the tandem conjugate addition-Dieckmann condensation approach being applied to the synthesis of these compounds. Chapter Two describes the development of the tandem conjugate addition-Dieckmann condensation and subsequent trans methylation approach to cyclohexenone rings. The synthetic strategy utilised chiral, functionalised cyclohexenone rings as synthons in the formation of bicyclic ring systems, so development of the carbocyclic ring formation was of vital importance to the overall strategy. Examples are given which confirm the viability of the proposed synthetic route to cyclohexenones such as 91, 92 and 104 from the reaction of [alpha,beta]-unsaturated carbonyl compounds 39 and 59 with dialkyl and dialkenyl Gilman cuprates. Chapter Three describes the incorporation of chiral cyclohexenone 117 into the bicyclic framework of model compound 105, analogous to the marine natural product reported as tridachiahydropyrone (7). The chapter explores the use of cyclohexenone precursor 43 that contained the total carbon framework of the bicyclic core of the desired pyrone. Once again, a tandem conjugate addition-cyclisation reaction was employed using a dialkyl Gilman cuprate, followed by trans methylation to give the requisite cyclohexenone synthon 117. A novel Eaton’s reagent-promoted intramolecular cyclisation of acid 122 to pyrone 123 was then effected. Subsequent O-methylation afforded [alpha]-methoxy-[beta]-methyl-[gamma]-pyrone 105 as a single enantiomer, which had the identical core structure to the natural product. The structure, including relative stereochemistry of 105, was confirmed by single crystal X-ray analysis. Chapter Four builds on the previous two chapters and describes the conjugate addition-cyclisation with a higher order Gilman cuprate derived from vinyl bromide 44, which would deliver the vinyl side-chain required for the synthesis of reported natural product 7. The same acyclic precursor 43 as used in Chapter Three was cyclised and methylated to yield yet another cyclohexenone synthon 41. A single crystal X-ray analysis of related alcohol 162 confirmed the relative stereochemistry and structure. Another novel P2O5-mediated intramolecular cyclisation was achieved to give pyrone 168 and O-methylation provided a compound with the reported structure of natural product 7 as a single enantiomer. The structure of synthetic 7 was established unequivocally through extensive NMR studies. Comparisons of spectral data confirmed that natural tridachiahydropyrone was not the same as synthetic compound 7, so revision of the assigned natural product structure is warranted. Several other analogues were also synthesised using this methodology, highlighting the versatility of the method under development.
109

Réactions domino. Réactions de cyclisation-carbonylation asymétrique catalysées par complexes de paladium(II) dans la synthèse des produits naturels

Dohanosova, Jana 11 May 2012 (has links) (PDF)
La réaction de cyclisation de type Wacker, de composés polyols et aminopolyols insaturés constitue un outil puissant et efficace pour la synthèse d'hétérocycles oxygénés ou azotés.Dans ce travail de thèse, nous proposons l'étude d'une réaction catalysée par un complexe de palladium(II) de type domino-cyclisation, mettant en jeu une réaction de couplage. Cette séquence catalytique revient à une fonctionnalisation d'un hétérocycle par une chaîne latérale, tout en créant deux centres stéréogènes en une seule étape. L'influence de la nature des réactifs mis en jeu, ainsi que des conditions expérimentales sur l'activité et la diastéréosélectivité de la réaction sont discutées. Les applications vers la synthèse de produits naturels (anisomycine) ou d'analogues (varitriol) sont présentées.La réaction d'oxycarbonylation catalysée par un complexes de palladium(II) est une transformation intéressante de polyols insaturés en lactones bicycliques, présentant un motif de type tétrahydrofurane avec une excellente stéréosélectivité-cis. Le premier exemple de réaction d'oxycarbonylation catalysée par des complexes de palladium chiraux dans les liquides ioniques est décrit. Une étude approfondie de la nature des ligands démontre que les bis(oxazolines) chirales constituent les meilleurs ligands du palladium pour la cyclisation du pent-4-ène-1,3-diol racémique 69a. Le dédoublement cinétique du composé 69a sous atmosphère de monoxyde de carbone, en présence d'un complexe chiral de palladium(II) et de p-benzoquinone employant l'acide acétique ou le liquide ionique [bmim]NTf2 comme solvant, a permis d'isoler le 2,6-dioxabicyclo-[3.3.0]octane-3-ones avec jusqu'à 57% d'excès énantiomérique pour l'énantiomèrede configuration (R,R)-70a, et jusqu'à 80% d'excès énantiomérique pour l'énantiomèrede configuration (S,S)-70a.
110

Application de la chimie radicalaire des xanthates à la synthèse et à la fonctionnalisation de systèmes cycliques et polycycliques.

Heng, Rama 08 October 2010 (has links) (PDF)
L'objectif de cette thèse était de démontrer tout le potentiel de la chimie radicalaire des xanthates dans la fonctionnalisation et la synthèse de système cycliques et polycliques variés. Il a été ainsi possible de combiner de manière intéressante chimie radicalaire et chimie ionique, pour créer rapidement et simplement des molécules de structures complexes, et hautement fonctionnalisées. La première partie de cette thèse concerne la fonctionnalisation de cycles à quatre chaînons. Cette étude, commençant par la découverte d'un nouveau mécanisme propre aux cyclobutanones, se termine finalement par la mise au point d'une nouvelle méthodologie d'agrandissement de cycle stéréosélectif. La seconde partie de ces travaux de recherche s'intéresse à la formation de structures polycycliques, par cyclisation radicalaire, grâce à la chimie des xanthates. De nombreux squelettes complexes de terpènes ont ainsi pu être approchés. Une voie est également ouverte pour la fonctionnalisation stéréosélective de systèmes cycliques grâce à la méthodologie développée dans cette thèse.

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