Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:43:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1884681 bytes, checksum: 5fd1253e21109c979fe150477d20fa70 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-07 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The variation in the usage of reflexive pronouns in Portuguese is a subject which has been studied by many linguists. Most of these studies point to a general tendency for clitic deletion, as in Veado (1982), D Albuquerque (1988), Nunes (1995), Lima (2006) and others. If, on the one hand, there are dialects which support that tendency, on the other hand there are other regions of Brazil where this movement is quite the reverse: instead of being deleted, the usage of the clitic pronoun is maintained and even applied in other contexts. The semantic variations in the functions of the pronoun se seem to provide evidence of linguistic processes of change, from the original function of a reflexive clitic pronoun to the category of a verbal affix, through a grammaticalization process (Bybee, 2001; Bybee et alii, 1994; Hopper & Traugott, 1993 and others). As such, we focus on the list of reflexive pronouns, specifically the reflexive pronoun se, which in the speech community of João Pessoa seems to be stable, different from other regions of Brazil. The trajectory of this pronoun is assessed through a quantitative control of linguistic and social factors, observing the direction of the influences that may affect the patterns of such pronoun. For that, I use data from VALPB (Projeto Variação Linguística no Estado da Paraíba (Hora; Pedrosa, 2005)) interviews. The general hypothesis raised in this doctoral thesis is that the different patterns of se in diverse regions from Brazil show that the phenomenon in analysis presents different stages of a grammaticalization process. While in some dialects the process is more developed, in the speech of the community of João Pessoa it would be less developed, where its usage expands to a higher frequency. In this process, both linguistic and social factors seem to favor and/or inhibit the changes. The main consequence is the reanalysis suffered by this item, with a rearrangement of the borders between the constituents of the sentences, so that se turns to have its categorical status altered, from its clitic position to verbal affix. / A flutuação nos usos do pronome reflexivo é uma questão que vem sendo abordada por muitos estudiosos do português. Habitualmente, os trabalhos dedicados ao tema apontam uma tendência geral para o apagamento do clítico, como em Veado (1982), D Albuquerque (1988), Nunes (1995), Lima (2006) e outros. Se, por um lado, temos dialetos que sustentam tal posição, temos, por outro, regiões do Brasil em que o movimento é inverso: ao invés de sofrer apagamento, o uso do clítico se mantém e se estende a contextos diversos. As variações semânticas nas funções do pronome se parecem atuar como indícios de trajetórias de mudança, que fazem com que ele caminhe de uma função originária de clítico reflexivo a uma categoria de afixo verbal, mediante processo de gramaticalização (Cf. Bybee, 2001; Bybee et alii, 1994; Hopper & Traugott, 1993 e outros). Desse modo, enfocamos o quadro dos pronomes reflexivos, mais especificamente, o reflexivo se que na fala de João Pessoa, diferentemente de algumas regiões do Brasil, parece permanecer estável. A trajetória desse pronome é averiguada através de um controle quantitativo de fatores de ordem lingüística e social, observando a direção das influências que motivações comunicativas e sociais exercem no comportamento de tal pronome. Para esta proposta, me utilizo de dados extraídos de entrevistas fornecidas pelo VALPB Projeto Variação Lingüística no Estado da Paraíba (Hora; Pedrosa, 2005). A hipótese geral lançada nesta tese é a de que os diferentes comportamentos do se nas várias regiões do Brasil indicam que o fenômeno em análise apresenta diferentes estágios em seu percurso de gramaticalização. Enquanto que em determinados dialetos ele já se encontra no estágio mais avançado do processo, na fala de João Pessoa, estaria ainda num estágio anterior, em que seu uso se expande a uma freqüência bem mais elevada. Tanto fatores internos ao sistema lingüístico quanto fatores de cunho social atuam como favorecedores e/ou inibidores neste processo de mudança. A principal conseqüência disso é uma reanálise sofrida pelo item, com o rearranjo das fronteiras entre os constituintes da sentença, de modo que o se passa a ter alterado seu estatuto categorial, migrando da posição de clítico para a de afixo verbal.

Syftet med studien är att bidra med kunskaper om förskollärares förhållningssätt och ambition att se varje barn varje dag i förskolans verksamhet. Vi vill också undersöka förskollärares uppfattning om ansvaret i sin profession gentemot läroplanen samt vilka möjligheter förskollärare uppfattar finns för att gestalta sitt förhållningssätt och ambition i förskolan.   Studien har gjorts med kvalitativa metoder för datainsamling med åtta legitimerade förskollärare fördelade i två fokusgrupper. Stimulusmaterialet i de båda fokusgrupperna bidrog med samlade beskrivningar av förskollärares uppfattning, förhållningssätt och ambition för att se varje barn. Studien har utgångspunkt i fenomenologin som står för människans uppfattning av fenomen. När människan uppfattar fenomen strävar de efter att skapa mening och betydelse för det fenomen som visar sig omedelbart för medvetandet. I innehållsanalys av empirin framkom tre övergripande kategorier: tilliten till varandra, organisation och struktur för att se barn samt möjligheter att se enskilda barn i barngruppen. Studiens resultat har visat att förskollärares förhållningssätt och ambition att se varje barn, varje dag grundar sig i att förskollärare betraktar sin profession som en livsstil med ett genuint intresse för barn som medför stor glädje att arbeta med barn. En deltagare uttrycker: ”Om ni kan se detta så har vi ju ett fantastiskt arbete. Det är så roligt. Vi kan ju ha roligt varje dag om vi verkligen kan se och koppla ihop det vi är där för!” Sammanfattningsvis har resultat visat att deltagarna i fokusgruppen följer läroplanens intentioner med sitt professionella och personliga förhållningssätt i förskolans uppdrag med ambition att varje barn ska möta vuxna som visar intresse och engagemang för varje barn.

Este estudo teve como objetivo principal a definição da origem, evolução, geometria e preenchimento do Complexo de Canyons de Brejo Grande. Este complexo está incluído no intervalo maastrichtiano do Grupo Piaçabuçu, que é composto por uma cunha sedimentar progradante, depositada num sistema plataforma-talude-bacia, do Cretáceo Superior ao Quaternário, na Bacia de Sergipe-Alagoas. Foram utilizados dados sísmicos, perfis de poços, dados bioestratigráficos e descrições de testemunhos e amostras de calha. O complexo é composto de três canyons: Canyon de Brejo Grande, o mais antigo; Canyon do Rio Praúnas e Canyon de Aroeira, o mais novo. A localização e orientação dos canyons foram controladas por falhas da fase rift, reativadas antes da escavação. Foram reconhecidas quatro fases de preenchimento: fase inicial, fase de by-pass, fase dos complexos de canais e fase da cunha progradante. Na fase inicial, foram depositados os complexos de transporte de massa. Eles estão melhor preservados quando preenchem calhas na base do canyon. Na fase de by-pass o canyon atuou como um conduto e apenas depósitos de lags foram preservados. A fase dos complexos de canais ocorreu quando os fluxos gravitacionais não mais transportavam suas cargas para a bacia e depositavam a maior parte de sua carga dentro do canyon. A fase da cunha progradante corresponde à parte do preenchimento depositada no começo da subida do nível relativo do mar. Os complexos de canais são os componentes mais importantes do preenchimento dos canyons. Seus canais são frequentemente isolados espacialmente. Eventos sísmicos anômalos produzidos pelos canais mostram que eles são estreitos, com baixa sinuosidade e continuidade longitudinal variável. Os canais empilham-se verticalmente na parte inferior, mais confinada, do preenchimento dos canyons, e lateralmente na parte superior, menos confinada, dos canyons assimétricos. Os canais migram das partes mais confinadas para as menos confinadas. O método da estratigrafia de seqüências foi usado para estabelecer a evolução do complexo de canyons, definindo as seqüências que os preencheram, as relações de tempo entre aorigem e o preenchimento dos canyons e as superfícies limitantes e internas das seqüências. Foram definidas três seqüências de 3ª ordem. Cada canyon foi preenchido por uma seqüência deposicional composta pelos tratos de sistemas de mar baixo e transgressivo. Nos tratos de mar baixo das seqüências 1,2 e 3 foram identificados o equivalente proximal do leque de fundo de bacia e o complexo de canais do leque de talude. Na seqüência 3, além destes, foi também observada a cunha progradante. O limite inferior da seqüência 1 corresponde à base da biozona de nanofósseis N-280. O limite inferior da seqüência 2 coincide com a base da biozona de nanofósseis N-290. / Canyon The channels stack vertically in the lower, more confined portion of canyons, and laterally in the upper, less confined part of asymmetric canyons. Lateral migration of channels is from the side of steeper to the side of less steep wall, where confinement is smaller. The sequence stratigraphy method was used to establish the evolution of the canyon complex, defining the sequences that filled the canyons and the time relationship between the origin and filling of canyons and the boundary and internal surfaces of sequences. Three third order depositional sequences were defined. Each canyon is filled by a depositional sequence compounded of lowstand and transgressive system tracts. In the lowstand system tracts of the first, second and third sequences were identified a proximal equivalent of the basin floor fan andthe channel complexes of the slope fan. In the third sequence, besides those parts, was also observed the progradational wedge. The inferior limit of the first sequence corresponds to the N- 280 nannofossil biozone base and the inferior limit of the second sequence coincides with the N- 290 nannofossil biozone base.

The work is devoted to the problem of learning organization. The objective of the work is to evaluate if the chosen company actually is learning organization and to identify the areas in which the company is close to this concept and what action should be taken to become a learning organization. A questionnaire survey was mainly used for this evaluation. In the end strong and weak sides of the chosen company are introduced and a recommendation is proposed which should lead to creating a learning organization.

This master thesis is focused on fractions as a problematic area of mathematics education. The goal of the thesis is to find out which mistakes students make and which wrong strategies they adopt in dealing with fractions. Another aim is to study how the historical ways of dealing with fractions could help the students nowadays. The thesis consists of a theoretical part introduces the matematical thinking of the Ancient Mesopotomia and Egypt periods, as well as present day teaching of fractions, using analysis of the textbooks and a brief glimpse into Czech as well as international researches. The practical part is based on an investigation in three different seventh grade classes in two primary schools and one high school class of the prima grade. In total 73 students participated in the research which cotains a diagnostic test, a series of individual interviews and an educational experiment with historical tasks. The result of this thesis is the finding that most of the mistaken strategies are not connected with only one particular school, because they appear in all of the schools and the Ancient Egyptian methods could be helpful in teaching fractions today as well. For this reason I recommend to spend more time in the educational proces with unit fractions (fractions of the form 1 n ), which are...

The thesis deals with the analysis and description of the development of the wood market between Czech Republic, Saxony and Baden-Wuerttemberg. For the reference period 2004 to 2011 the harvested volumes and the obtained prices for the main assortments and quality grades were considered. For a better overview of the analysis only the main tree species were used. Spruce (Picea abies), pine (Pinus sylvestris), oak (Quercus spec.) and beech (Fagus sylvatica). Further, it was analysed how the prices and volumes of the wood assortments developed over the years and which parameters could have an influence on that. Also the development of the import and export between Germany and Czech Republic was observed and as a closure the price indices of the three states (Czech Republic, Saxony, Baden-Wuerttemberg) for raw wood were calculated and finally analysed.

Author analyzed the perceptions of economic subjects tracked by stock market indexes and Facebook activity and its impact on stock prices. Contribution of this paper is twofold. In the first place, this paper studies unique data of Facebook activity and proposes the methodology for employment of social networks as a proxy variable which represents the perceptions of news in society. Next contribution is the contextualization of social networks principals to behavioral economy. Overall, author finds the negative impact of Facebook activity on stock prices and positive impact of stock market indexes. Author points the implications of the findings to protection of company's reputation and to investment strategy based on the existence of undervalued stocks. Author also discusses the potential of social networks for prediction of economic variables based on perceptions of economic subjects.

Brokešová K. The role of sales staff in building customer relationship to selected type of stores. Diploma thesis. Brno, 2014. This thesis focuses on how customers perceive the role of the sales staff when buying clothes and electronics and their requirements for costumer-orientated service. High competitive clothing and electronics markets show low level of customer loyalty. The aim of this study was to define the factors building or threatening the loyalty of customer against selected stores by using selling staff. Data were collected through quantitative and qualitative research which should confirm or refute already made researches on this issue and also to supplement information on the basis of which appropriate recommendations were designed to solve the issue.

The topic of this thesis is utilization of three types of modern regression methods (linear mixed effects model, generalized additive model and classification and regression trees) to model height-diameter relationship. Results revealed that all three regression methods can be, under certain conditions, applicable as an alternative approach for height-diameter relationship modeling. The mixed effects model performed best, when random effects of the intercept and regression coefficient were taken into account along with the age as a second order predictor (or its natural logarithm). The generalized additive model performed best when LOESS smoothing function was applied. The regression tree method prediction was optimal when diameter at breast height, mean height, age of a forest stand and site index were included to the model as predictors.

Public attitude towards schizophrenic people is mainly influenced by what the media presents them. Especially in cases when the public has some personal experience with people with schizophrenia. This thesis tries to find out how Czech media present people with schizophrenia. The work is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. Beginning of the theoretical part focuses on historical context and the depiction of mental illnesses in the past. Then there follows a chapter which deals with the disease itself, therefore, the main symptoms of schizophrenia, diagnostic and classification, as well as treatment options of schizophrenia. Another chapter deals with the system of health care for people with mental illness. There are also described some possibilities of psychiatric rehabilitation and community care, as well as describing what is the state of mental health care in the Czech Republic and I try to present the information regarding very discussed question of the reform of psychiatric care. In the theoretical part the attention is focused on the society and its perception of people with schizophrenia, there are explained especially concepts as stigma, stigmatization, self-stigmatization. The last chapter covers mass media, their definition and the influence they have. In the final section of the theoretical part there are mentioned stereotypes and prejudices that appear in media in connection with people with schizophrenia and mental illness in general. The thesis main aim is to determine how the Czech media present people with schizophrenia. In the practical part I used a qualitative research strategy, which was implemented through content analysis of documents. The analysis works with articles found in newspapers "Blesk" and "Mladá fronta Dnes", these articles were observed in the period from January to December 2015. The choice of the above mentioned newspapers was not random, there are two most favourite newspapers in the Czech Republic. Articles were obtained through a database Anopress IT, in which I looked for key words "schizophrenia", "schizophrenic". On the basis of those keywords there have been 33 articles in Blesk found, but one of them was excluded from the research, it contained the keyword, but the article was out of topic. In the news Mlada fronta Dnes have been found 89 articles in total, but 32 of them were excluded because there were just a very little about our topic. In total I have found 122 articles, 33 articles were excluded and I used 89 articles in conclusion. In articles I looked for connections to sort them into appropriate categories. The data analysis is based on the method of clustering according to Miovsky. Based on the processed results there was confirmed that the information that appeared in Blesk and Mlada fronta Dnes are subject to stereotyping. In the reporting period, people with schizophrenia were presented mainly negative and related to violence, aggression and negative emotions in particular.