Obsahem diplomové práce je zhodnocení hospodářského vývoje Číny s důrazem na období po vstupu do WTO a její současné postavení v mezinárodním obchodě. Charakterizovány jsou hospodářské reformy, politika otevírání se světu, makroekonomické veličiny, sektory hospodářství, vstup do WTO, role zahraničního obchodu a PZI, obchodní výměna Číny s USA, EU a ČR včetně sporných bodů. Dále identifikuje aktuální témata jako jsou surovinová závislost, vědecko-technologický výzkum, znečištění životního prostředí, práva k duševnímu vlastnictví a příprava na Olympijské hry.

The thesis is about energy dependency of the European Union. Aim of the work is to analyze the situation of the energy relations of European Union and regions, which are the main energy suppliers from the trade policy point of view. Thesis is aimed at characterizing trade instruments used in trade with natural resources. EU - North Africa relations are studied in more detailed way as a concrete example of energy relations.

The role of the nonprofit sector in the Czech Republic has gained in importance during the last decades. The number of nonprofit organizations and employment in the third sector is growing. On the other hand, directors of nonprofit organizations have to face problems with high fluctuation of their staff. I assumed that motivation of nonprofit employees is different from employees working in for profit sector. The aim of the thesis is to analyze influences of the nonprofit sector's characteristics on the motivation of nonprofit workers in the social field in the Czech Republic. The main contribution of my research is that results and recommendations of my work should help directors of nonprofits retain experienced employees. It was confirmed in my research that satisfaction with pay does not have an influence on the intention of nonprofit workers to leave their organization. In accordance with a theoretical approach, a mission of the nonprofit organization has a key role in the motivation to work in the nonprofit sector. Surprisingly, the most important factor for decision to stay with the organization is feeling of appreciation. Recognition of work performance from supervisors and colleagues even override the dissatisfaction with pay. There are several low-cost strategies to reward employees such as regular verbal recognition for best employees, or vouchers for cultural and sport activities, wellness, and other nonmonetary benefits. It was proved that family friendly policies are strongly valued by nonprofit workers as well.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:22:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Guilherme Henrique Quintana.pdf: 32848183 bytes, checksum: 414774d3466ecae65472495b12871c32 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-01-28 / Currently the focus of the market for digital games is the development of games for the general public, and especially for the juvenile segment. Moreover, there is the growing number of elderly people on the planet. Thus, this research aims to outline the central features of today's games from the interaction with the elderly population using the Nintendo Wii. The secondary objectives are to create interactions with Wii workshops for seniors; observe interactions, collect data, analyze the data and, finally, point of game design elements that may harm or help the elderly in four areas: visual, sound, interactivity and sociability. The research involved different strategies and methods: encounters with the elderly group, workshops, practical activities with the Wii, asking questions, reading of texts on the elderly and game design, review and reformulation of the initial questions and the development of the dissertation. Data collection was conducted through questionnaires prepared by the researcher, video recordings, photographs and data from the video game software through the use of games in the collection Wii Sports, which include five sports: tennis, boxing, bowling, baseball and golf in weekly meetings during two months with the group of participants in the volleyball team "Golden Age" of Itatiba / SP, composed of elderly. To analyze the data collected, authors were used in areas that include psychology in the elderly (Argimon), caloric expenditure with the use of games similar to those used in this study (Robin R. Mellecker and Alison M. McManus), cognitive effects in elderly users of games, the market revolution promoted by the Wii, game development, the possible insertion of the elderly population in this market and the tools used in creating these works (Nelson Zagalo and Rui Prada). In the field of critical studies about games, were fundamental to the research Jesus de Paula Assis, Roger Tavares, Vinicius Mano, Edson P. Pfutzenreuter, Andrés Rollings, Ernest Adams, Celia Pearce, among others. The results highlighted the need for the reformulation of the game design aimed at the elderly as this segment of the population has physical and behavioral characteristics significantly different from the adult audience and / or juvenile. Aspects such as the choice of colors and arrangement of information on the screen, the sound frequencies used, methods of handling the interaction and preference for more cooperative than competitive games stood out as key factors to please and meet the needs of this growing audience in our society / Atualmente, o foco do mercado de jogos digitais está no desenvolvimento de games para o público em geral, e, principalmente, para o segmento infanto-juvenil. Por outro lado, observa-se o crescimento do número de idosos no planeta. Neste contexto, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo central delinear as características dos jogos atuais a partir da interação com o público idoso através da utilização do Nintendo Wii. Os objetivos secundários são: criar oficinas de interações com Wii para idosos; observar as interações; coletar dados; analisar os dados obtidos e, finalmente, apontar elementos de Game Design que possam prejudicar ou auxiliar os idosos em quatro âmbitos: visualidade, sonoridade, interatividade e sociabilidade. A pesquisa envolveu diferentes estratégias e métodos: encontros com o grupo de idosos; oficinas de atividades práticas com o Wii; formulação de perguntas; leitura de textos sobre a terceira idade e Game Design; revisão e reformulação das questões iniciais; desenvolvimento da dissertação. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de questionários confeccionados pelo pesquisador, gravações de vídeo, fotografias e dados retirados do software do videogame através do uso de games na coletânea Wii Sports, que englobam cinco modalidades: tênis, boxe, boliche, beisebol e golfe, em encontros semanais durante o período de dois meses com o grupo de participantes do time de vôlei Melhor Idade de Itatiba/SP, composto por idosos. Para a análise dos dados colhidos foram utilizados autores que englobam psicologia em idosos (Argimon), gasto calórico com a utilização de jogos similares aos utilizados nesta pesquisa (Robin R. Mellecker e Alison M. McManus), efeitos cognitivos em idosos utilizadores de games, a revolução do mercado promovida pelo Wii, o desenvolvimento de games, a possível inserção do público idoso neste mercado e as ferramentas utilizadas na criação destas obras (Nelson Zagalo e Rui Prada). No campo dos estudos críticos sobre games, foram fundamentais as pesquisas de Jesus de Paula Assis, Roger Tavares, Vinícius Mano, Edson P. Pfutzenreuter, Andrés Rollings, Ernest Adams, Célia Pearce, entre outros. Os resultados obtidos realçaram a necessidade da reformulação do Game Design direcionado à terceira idade à medida que essa parcela da população tem características físicas e comportamentais significativamente diferentes do público adulto e/ou infanto-juvenil. Aspectos como a escolha de cores e disposição de informações na tela, frequências sonoras utilizadas, métodos de movimentação na interação e a preferência por jogos mais cooperativos que competitivos se destacaram como fatores decisivos para agradar e atender às necessidades deste público crescente em nossa sociedade

O processo de fragmentação do Continente Gondwana vem sendo gradativamente mais entendido a partir de estudos realizados nas bacias sedimentares situadas nas margens atlânticas atuais. Nesse contexto a Bacia de Sergipe-Alagoas torna-se relevante em decorrência da completude com que apresenta as sequências estratigráficas deposicionais registradas durante este processo, expostas em afloramento ou em subsuperfície, com importante significado no âmbito das pesquisas sobre rochas geradoras e reservatório de hidrocarbonetos. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo aprofundar a recuperação e o reconhecimento de conteúdos palinológicos em depósitos da Formação Morro do Chaves, Sub-bacia Alagoas, visando contribuir para a ampliação da base de dados micropaleontológicos da unidade e direcionado para o refinamento dos enfoques bioestratigráficos, paleoambientais e paleogeográficos relacionados com a sua origem. Como objetivo consequente busca-se o melhor entendimento sobre a evolução paleo-bio-geográfica da região, hoje ocupada por distintas bacias residuais no interior do nordeste do Brasil, durante os eventos iniciais de invasões marinhas sobre áreas antes continentais localizadas no interior do continente gondwanico, seja através da ruptura da crosta e oceanização propriamente dita, ou pela invasão de águas marinhas através de baixios intra-continentais, durante intervalos de elevação do nível do mar global (Mar de Thetis/Atlantico Central). A análise do material tem sua origem nos afloramentos da Formação Morro do Chaves, pertencente a Pedreira InterCement (ex-Cimpor/Atol), localizada no município de São Miguel dos Campos, Alagoas. Dezessete amostras de folhelhos foram coletadas na cava da pedreira, ao longo de 63 m de uma seção vertical principal para análises palinológicas. Além destas, 28 amostras de folhelhos coletadas em testemunhos de quatro furos (IC-1 a IC-4) perfurados na área da pedreira. Foram selecionadas duas amostras para análise do furo IC-1 (96,14 m de profundidade total), 10 do IC-2 (225,55 m), 14 do IC-3 (212,54 m) e duas do IC-4 (119,98 m). Um total de 11 táxons de palinomorfos foram identificados, cinco relativos a esporos, três a grãos de pólen gimnospérmicos, três a angiospermas, quatro de elementos algálicos (?Dinophyceae, Prasinophyceae e Clorophyceae), um ?palinoforamínfero e cinco esporos indeterminados de fungos. Com base na ocorrência da espécie Dicheiropollisetruscus, que compreende os andares Rio da Serra até Jiquiá Superior, em conjunto com outros dados paleontológicos e geológicos determina-se a idade Barremiana para o intervalo. A partir da associação palinológica reconhecese que estes corpos d’água estavam situados em uma planície, com plantas herbáceas, cercada por regiões montanhosas remotas, com vegetação rara de porte arbóreo. Em alguns níveis identificaram-se vesículas de algas pré-classificadas como possíveis algas da classe Prasinophyceae, cujo habitat possível é marinho, no entanto também há registros em ambientes de água doce ou salobra. A identificação preliminar dos espécimes de palinoforaminifero e de dinoflagelado corroboram com esta idéia, bem como a presença de organismos como Scenedesmus e Botryoccocus, organismos que toleram certa salinidade. Ratifica-se assim a probabilidade de influência marinha e/ou salobra no Cretáceo, no setor norte da Bacia de Sergipe-Alagoas, podendo aproximar a unidade ao modelo paleogeográfico que discute a entrada de águas Thetianas ao norte do continente Sul-Americano. / The fragmentation process of the Gondwana continent has been increasingly understood as a result of the studies held in the sedimentary basins located on the Atlantic’s current margins. Within this context, the Sergipe-Alagoas Basin becomes important as a result of the complementarity with which the depositional stratigraphic sequences recorded during this process are presented. Such sequences, exposed in outcrop or in subsurface, are of great deal for research studies in source-rocks and hydrocarbon reservoirs. The objective of the present work is to get a more detailed knowledge of the palynological content in Morro do Chaves Formation deposits, at Alagoas Sub-basin. It will allow an expansion of the micropaleontological database of the studied unit as well as a refinement of the biostratigraphic, paleoenvironmental and paleogeographic approaches related to its origin. Also, we search for a better understanding of the paleo-biogeographical region evolution, which is nowadays occupied by different residual basins in Brazil northeast interior, during the early events of marine ingressions over previous continental areas located inside the Gondwana continent, either through crust rupture and oceanization itself or due to the invasion of marine waters through intra-continental shallows during intervals of rising of the global sea levels (Tethys Sea / Center Atlantic). The analysis of the material has its origin in outcrops from the Morro do Chaves Formation belonging to the InterCement Quarry (former Cimpor/Atol), located in São Miguel dos Campos, Alagoas State. Seventeen samples were collected from shales in the quarry pit, along 63 m of the main vertical section for pollen analysis. Apart from these, 28 samples of shales were collected from the four drill-cores (IC-1 to IC-4) drilled in the quarry area. Two samples from the IC-1 drill-core (96.14 m total depth), ten from IC-2 (225.55 m), fourteen from IC-3 (212.54 m) and two from IC-4 (119.98 m) were selected for analysis. A total of eleven taxa of palynomorphs have been identified. Five are related to spores, three to gymnosperms pollen grains, three to angiosperms, four to algae elements (?Dinophyceae, Prasinophyceae, and Clorophyceae), one to a ?palinoforaminifera and five unidentified fungal spores. Based on the occurrence of Dicheiropollis etruscus species, comprising Rio da Serra to Upper Jiquiá Superior age, together with other paleontological and geological data, it is possible to determine the Barremian age for the studied interval. The pollen association shows that these water bodies were located on a plain, with herbaceous plants, surrounded by remote mountain regions, where arborous vegetation was rare. In some levels were identified algae vesicles pre-classified as possible algae from the Prasinophyceae class, most likely from marine environment. However there are also records of this algae class in fresh or brackish water environments. The preliminary identification of specimens of ?palinoforaminifera and dinoflagellate corroborate this idea as well as the presence of organisms such as Scenedesmus and Botryoccocus, organisms that tolerate a certain level of salinity. It is thus recognized the possible influence of marine and/or brackish waters in the Cretaceous, in the northern sector of the Sergipe-Alagoas Basin. Such conclusions allow an approach of the studied unit to the paleogeographic model that discusses the input of waters from the Tethys Sea at the north of the South American continent.

A presente Dissertação analisa o problema da teleologia na obra de Schopenhauer. Em nosso trabalho, buscamos compreensão sobre a modulação existente do \"como se\" kantiano, ao mostrar como o jogo entre vontade e representação modifica o sentido do juízo teleológico da Crítica do Juízo. Nessa chave de leitura, procuramos construir uma argumentação que permita pensar a existência de um horizonte regulativo aliado à intuição primordial da vontade. Como consequência, encontramos, nessa modulação, uma expansão do problema do organismo para uma questão sobre a essência da natureza. Como resultado, o deslocamento da teoria do juízo de reflexão kantiana transforma essa leitura sobre o mundo natural em uma questão da teleologia na metafísica da vontade, transformando o problema da finalidade na natureza em problema a respeito da finalidade no campo da ética. É nela que se apresenta o paradoxo da individualidade, na crise entre a afirmação do indivíduo e a destinação do mundo / This dissertation examines the problem of teleology in Schopenhauer\'s work. In our work, we seek an understanding of the existing modulation of the Kantian\'s \"as if\", to show how the interplay between will and Representation modifies the sense of teleological judgment of the Critique of Judgment. In this reading key, we seek to set up an argument to suggest the existence of a regulative horizon coupled with the primordial intuition of will. As a consequence, we find, in this modulation, an expansion of the problem of organism onto a question about the essence of nature. As a result, the displacement of the Kantian\'s theory of judgment reflection transforms this reading about the natural world in a question of teleology in the metaphysics of will, and transforming the problem of purpose in nature in issue as to the purpose in the field of ethics. Is it that presents the paradox of individuality: the crisis between the assertion of the individual and the destination of the world

Esta dissertação trata do papel dos espaços livres públicos em Laranjeiras, cidade de interesse histórico no estado de Sergipe, com a finalidade de contribuir para a valorização da sua paisagem urbana. Entendendo que a identificação dos modos de ver um lugar pelas pessoas que nele habitam constitui tarefa primordial para a compreensão dos seus valores ambientais, parte-se da ideia de que, entre os passos importantes para direcionar ações que transformem um dado ambiente com base em valores da população local, estejam a identificação dos elementos e aspectos ambientais mais significativos considerados por quem vivencia o local, e o entendimento das formas de compreensão que expressem esses valores. Com o objetivo de entender e valorizar as relações entre os habitantes e a paisagem de Laranjeiras, buscou-se primeiramente conhecer sua história, desde a formação do núcleo colonial até a atualidade. Dirigiu-se em seguida o foco para os elementos da paisagem e para os espaços livres públicos que, segundo o olhar especializado do historiador e do paisagista, apresentam-se como os mais significativos. Em seguida, fez-se necessário cotejar este olhar mais especializado com os pontos de vista dos cidadãos comuns que vivenciam a cidade de Laranjeiras no seu cotidiano visando delimitar, por fim, um conjunto de elementos que justificam a atribuição de valor à paisagem da cidade e que conformam sua possível identidade paisagística. / This thesis deals with the role of public open spaces in Laranjeiras, city of historical interest, as an attempt to contribute to the revaluation process of its urban landscape. This research understands that the dweller\'s individual perception of its environment is very important to understanding of these environmental values. By identifying the elements and most significant environmental aspects from the view of who experience the place and the expression of its values, is one of the important steps to orientate actions in a given environment based in its local population values. Intending to understand and appreciate the relations between the Laranjeira\'s dwellers and its landscape, first of all, we\'ve search for its history, since the formation process of its colonial core until today. Then, the focus turns to the research of landscape elements and public open spaces - the most significant aspects according to the historian\'s and landscape architect\'s specialized point of view. Then, was reavealed the necessity of verifying this specialized look and the views of ordinary people who experience Laranjeiras quotidian, outlining, finally, a set of elements that justify the allocation of value to the landscape of the city and constitute its possible landscape identity.

Tese de Mestrado Integrado. Engenharia Informática e Computação. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. 2012

Title of thesis: Employment of persons with disabilities Abstrakt v anglickém jazyce Persons with disabilities are a vulnerable group of citizens, and not only in terms of employment. Finding their spot in the labor market is made difficult by their handicap and often by low or incomplete education. That is why legislation is in place to help them compensate for their initial disadvantage by raising them to the same level as the rest of job seekers. The goals of this thesis are to analyze and evaluate the current regulation of the employment of people with disabilities, and to research the practical side of this issue in the current labor market. The thesis tries to find out the forms of assistance offered to persons with disabilities and the actual employment options open to these persons. The thesis consists of four chapters. The first chapter defines the basic terms. Particular attention is paid to the definition of a person with disabilities, both in the context of international and European law and within the Czech legal system. The second chapter deals in detail with the principle of equal treatment and non- discrimination in the context of labor law in general, as well as specifically related to persons with disabilities. The centerpiece of the chapter is the Anti-Discrimination Act. The third...

The overarching objective of the investigations discussed herein is the development of a model experimental system for surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) spectroscopy, with potential applicability in higher order infrared spectroscopic techniques, specifically, surface-enhanced two-dimensional infrared (SE-2D IR) spectroscopy. Theoretical predictions that accurately predict the stability of functionalized nanoparticles enable guided design of their properties but are often limited by the accuracy of the parameters used as model inputs. Hence, first, such parameterization limitations for the extended DLVO (xDLVO) theory are overcome using a size-dependent Hamaker constant for gold, interfacial surface potentials, and tilt angles of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), which collectively improves the predictive power of xDLVO theory for modeling nanoparticle stability. Measurements of electrical properties of functionalized gold nanoparticles validate the predictions of xDLVO theory using these new parameterizations illustrating the potential for this approach to improve the design and control of the properties of functionalized gold nanoparticles in various applications. Next, a series of experiments were conducted to elucidate the behavior of various infrared active molecules in the presence of spherical gold nanoparticles of average diameter ∼20 nm. Here, the spectroscopic anomalies, specifically the shifted vibrational frequency and the dispersive lineshape observed in the infrared spectra for SCN- in the presence of gold nanoparticles provide direct evidence of SIERA. Nevertheless, it was evidenced that nanomaterial with plasmonic properties that extends into the infrared wavelengths are imperative in observing efficient infrared enhancements. Hence, nanomaterial indicating plasmonic properties extending into the infrared wavelengths were synthesized via a straightforward, seedless, one-pot synthesis. The gold nanostars prepared here indicated plasmonic behavior clearly extending into the near infrared, with simple plasmonic tunability via changing the buffer concentration used during synthesis. The systematic understanding achieved here in terms of theoretical prediction of nanoparticle stability, origin of infrared spectral anomalies in the presence of nanomaterials, and the preparation of infrared plasmonic material, collectively provides a resilient framework for the further investigation of surface-enhanced infrared spectroscopic techniques including SEIRA and SE-2D IR spectroscopies.