Technologijų pamokose didelė pamokos laiko dalis yra skiriama praktinių užduočių atlikimams. Dėl skirtingo mokinių praktinių gebėjimų lygio atliekamų užduočių mokytojams tampa sunku apibrėžti konkrečius vertinimo kriterijus, skirtus kūrybinių užduočių atlikimo sėkmei ir mokinių pasiekimams pamatuoti. Todėl konstruojant užduočių vertinimo kriterijus, kurie remiasi tarpusavio mokytojo ir mokinio lygiateisiais santykiais, išvengiama neaiškaus vertinimo kriterijų formulavimo. Esant lygiateisiams santykiams mokymas tampa lankstesnis, atsiranda galimybė mokiniams rinktis, daugiau atsakomybės perleidžiama mokiniui, mokymasis tampa sąmoningas, kyla vidinė motyvacija, mokiniai įtraukiami į vertinimą. Užduočių vertinimo kriterijų konstravimo įgyvendinimo galimybės turi būti sudarytos, remiantis vadybine vertinimo komponentų struktūra. Tyrimo problema: užduočių vertinimo kriterijų konstravimas vadybos požiūriu. Darbo tikslas: įvertinti mokytojo ir mokinių užduočių vertinimo kriterijų konstravimą, remiantis vadybine vertinimo komponentų struktūra, technologijų pamokose. Siekiant įgyvendinti darbe iškeltą tikslą ir uždavinius buvo taikomi šie tyrimo metodai: 1. Teoriniai: kontentanalizė – mokslinės, metodologinės literatūros, švietimo dokumentų nagrinėjamos problemos aspektu analizė. 2. Kiekybiniai (T tipo duomenų rinkimo): žvalgomasis tyrimas (klausimynų tikslinimui), anketinė apklausa. 3. Kokybiniai (L tipo duomenų rinkimo): technologijų mokytojų interviu ir atviro tipo klausimai... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The practical assignments are given more time at technology classes. Since the level of practical capabilities of students is different, it is difficult for teachers to define criteria to assess assignments designed to measure success and progress of students when they implement creative assignments. Therefore in order to design the assignment assessment criteria based on mutual equal relationship between teacher and student, it is required to avoid formulating criteria the assessment under which is not definite. In case of equal relationships the learning becomes more flexible, Students enable to choose, more responsibility is transferred to student, their learning becomes more sensible, internal motivation gets improved and students are involved into assessment. The capabilities and conditions required to put into practice the assignment assessment criteria shall be defined based on the managing structure for assessing management components. Investigation issue: designing the assignment assessment criteria from the point of management. Work purpose: assessing the designing of the assignment assessment criteria for teacher and students at technology classes to be based on the management structure for assessing the management components. The following investigation methods have been applied to meet the purpose and to implement the tasks defined: 1.Theoretical: content–analysis is to analyze scientific, methodological papers, education documents with reference to the issue... [to full text]

Au Sahel, la répartition des pluies irrégulière dans le temps et dans l’espace engendre une forte interaction variété x année et variété x lieu. Pour déterminer les variétés les plus productives en espérance en fonction des lieux, il faudrait de nombreuses années d’expérimentation en chaque lieu, ce qui prendrait beaucoup de temps.Une alternative est de maximiser la production prédite à l’aide d’un modèle de culture décrivant la croissance et le développement de cultures en interaction avec leurs conditions agro-environnementales.La production à maximiser est moyenne sur une distribution de probabilitéd’entrées environnementales, spécifique du lieu, alors que les paramètres variétaux qui maximisent cette production définissent un but de sélection que l’on appelle idéotype.Dans ce travail, nous voulons déterminer une carte d’idéotypes de sorgho. Nous sommes donc confrontés à un problème d’optimisation d’un modèle complexe. Une méthode classiquement utilisée dans ce contexte est la méthode Efficient Global Optimization (EGO), fondée sur un métamodèle de krigeage. Ici, une telle approche n'est pas adaptée. En effet, la distribution des entrées météorologiques suit un modèle stochastiquedont les paramètres varient continûment dans l’espace en suivant un gradient Nord-Sud. L’optimisation des paramètres variétaux est alors conditionnelle à ces paramètres de climat. D’autre part, la fonction à maximiser n’est connue que par un nombre limité de simulations, donc à une erreur près.Notre cadre de travail concerne donc l'optimisation conditionnelle d'une fonction bruitée. Les extensions existantes de l'algorithe $EGO$ ne prennent pas en charge ce cadre. Dans cette thèse, un nouveau critère pour l'optimisation conditionnelle d'une fonction bruitée est proposée et étudié. Une métaphore de l'optimisation conditionnelle est la recherche d'une ligne de crête. A partir de simulations sur des fonctions test, une étude des performances de ce nouveau critère est proposée, de même qu'une comparaison avec le critère habituellement utilisé pour la recherche de ligne de crête. Les résultats de cette étude montrent l'intérêt de notre critère.L'application à la cartographie d'idéotypes de sorgho a été testée sur l'espace couvert par le Sénégal, le sud du Mali et le Burkina Faso. Elle a consisté à maximiser le rendement espéré en fonction de 4 paramètres du modèle Samara : la longueur de la phase végétative, la longueur maximale des racines, le potentiel de réserve des tiges, et la mortalité des feuilles. Les résultats de cette optimisation recoupent en partie l'analyse de sensibilité menée sur ces mêmes paramètres. / In the Sahel region, the irregular rainfall distribution in time and space generates variety x year and variety x location interactions. Therefore, determining variety with the best expected yield would take many years of experimentation in each location.Alternatively, the best variety could be identified by maximizing the predicted yield using a crop simulation model that describes growth and development of a crop in interaction with agro-environmental conditions.The average yield depends on the probability distribution of environmental inputs, which is location specific, while the cultivar parameters that maximizethis yield define the ideotype, i.e. the selection target.In this work, we want to draw the map of sorghum ideotypes in Sub Saharan Africa. To face the problem of optimizing a complex model, an algorithm conventionally used in this context is the Efficient Global Optimization method (EGO), based on kriging as a surrogate model. Here, the distribution of meteorological inputs follows a stochastic model whose parameters varycontinuously in space along a North-South gradient. Consequently, the optimization of varietal parameters is conditional on these climate parameters. Moreover, the function to maximize is noisy, because expectation and quantilesare merely estimated with a limited number of simulations. We aimed at adapting the EGO algorithm to the conditional optimization of a noisy function. Extensions exist either for the optimization of noisy functions or for the conditional optimization of deterministic functions, ie the search for the values of a subset of parameters that optimize the function conditionally to the values taken by another subset, which are fixed. A metaphor for conditional optimization is the search for a crest line. No method has yet been developed for the conditional optimization of noisy functions: this is what we propose in this thesis. Testing this new method on test functions shows that, in case of a high level of noise on the function, the PEQI criterion that we propose is better than the PEI criterion usually implemented in such a situation.The application of this new optimization method sorghum ideotypes parameters mapping has been tested in the area covered by Senegal, southern Mali and Burkina Faso. It consisted in maximizing the expected yield with respect to 4 parameters of Samara model: vegetative phase length, maximum root length, stem reserve potential, and leaf mortality. The results of this optimization partly coincide with the sensitivity analysis conducted on these same parameters.

Design probes are a User-centered Design method with focus on close involvement of users in design. This is done by creating a package of artefacts that participants can complete wherever and whenever the individual sees fit. Further, children are a user group that differentiate from other user groups having other needs and attributes within design. This study investigated how design probes motivate children in the design process. A focus of the study is also to compare the applicability of thematic and non-thematic design probes with children.  The study was conducted with a qualitative approach where the empirical data was in the shape of four different design probes that were created and tested by students from Linköping University from the program of Design and Product Development. The tests they carried out were performed on children at the age of 10 to 13. Data analysis were made through coding and thematic analysis.  The study concludes that design probes is an adequate method for designing with children. Although, there are additional challenges in terms of playfulness, motivation, language, rewards, time-sense, creativity, influences and reflection. If design probes with children are managed correctly, they will yield results of great value to design. Also, having a theme in the design probe might help to motivate children. Although, themes are no guarantee for success since it will not solve challenges that are independent of themes. Keywords: Design probe, children, designing with children, User-centered Design, motivation

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:09:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 6217.pdf: 9751021 bytes, checksum: f4e903592a5f282dc704b60ca3b66462 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-10 / This paper aims to present studies of various structural alternatives for precast concrete walls for horizontal silos considering the implementation of actions caused by the earth pressure of the stored products. The Horizontal pressure was determined by the GOMES (2000) model. Determining the displacements and the bending moment through the finite element method, manufacturing costs and presents the results of each panel type studied and compares the results obtained. Six types of panels with the same concrete volume: flat panel bi-supported, panel with exposed edges beans bi-supported, and panel TT bi-supported, flat panel bi-supported and supported by floor, panel with exposed edges beans bi-supported and supported by floor and panel TT bi-supported and supported by floor. These panels were considered initially as vertical slabs with horizontal load subjected to two conditions of support: simply supported on two pillars precast reinforced concrete and simply supported on two pillars precast reinforced concrete floor and the horizontal silo through embed hardware. The concrete columns and floors were admitted no displacement. The studies conducted in this work indicate that the panel bi-supported had the highest simply supported had the biggest displacement. The panel with exposed edges beans bi-supported and supported by floor was the alternative structure which had the lowest maximum displacement and the flat panel simply supported and supported by floor was the lower cost alternative manufacturing. The flat panel bi-supported presented excessive displacement in the higher loading. / Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar estudos de varias alternativas estruturais para paredes em painéis pré-moldados de concreto para silos horizontais, considerando a aplicação de ações causadas pelo empuxo dos produtos armazenados. As pressões horizontais causadas pelo empuxo dos produtos armazenados foram determinadas pelo método proposto por GOMES (2000). Determina os momentos fletores e os deslocamentos através do Método dos Elementos Finitos, os custos de fabricação e apresenta os resultados de cada tipo de painel estudado e compara os resultados obtidos. Foram estudados seis painéis pré-moldados com o mesmo volume de concreto: painel liso bi-apoiado, painel com vigas nas bordas bi-apoiado, painel TT bi-apoiado, painel liso bi-apoiado engastado no piso, painel com vigas nas bordas bi-apoiado e engastado no piso e painel TT bi-apoiado e engastado no piso. Estes painéis foram considerados inicialmente como lajes verticais com carregamento horizontal submetido a duas condições de apoios: simplesmente apoiado em dois pilares pré-moldados em concreto armado e simplesmente apoiados nos dois pilares pré-moldados em concreto armado e com restrição horizontal, através de ferragem de engaste junto ao piso. Os pilares de concreto armado e o piso foram admitidos como indeslocáveis. Os estudos realizados neste trabalho indicaram que o painel simplesmente apoiado apresentou o maior deslocamento de todos os painéis. O painel com vigas nas bordas apoiado nos pilares e engastado no piso foi a alternativa estrutural que teve o menor deslocamento máximo e o painel liso simplesmente apoiado e engastado no piso foi a alternativa de menor custo de fabricação. O painel liso bi-apoiado apresentou deslocamento excessivo na zona de maior carregamento.

Computer supported collaborative learning, CSCL, is a relatively new focus for research within Instructional technology. It focuses on the process of learning in a computer supported collaborative environment. In this report I will use a model for designing effective learning-environments, called Cognitive Apprenticeship to highlight areas of importance when arranging CSCL-environments. Cognitive apprenticeship is an attempt to combine apprenticeships and in-school-work. It focuses on the facilitation of development of theoretical and practical skills in an in-school-setting. But even though the model has been described as successful, there are some drawbacks. Different conditions for school and work makes it difficult to transfer the successful apprenticeship-model to an in-school-setting. / Computer Supported Collaborative Learning, CSCL, är ett relativt nytt forskningsområde inom undervisningsteknologi. Dess fokus ligger på lärandeprocessen i en läromiljö där samarbete är grundläggande och helt eller delvis sker med hjälp av datorer. I denna rapport ska jag, med hjälp av en modell kallad Kognitivt lärlingsskap (Cognitive apprenticeship), belysa områden som är av vikt när CSCL-miljöer designas. Kognitivt lärlingsskap är ett försök till att kombinera traditionellt lärlingsskap med skolarbete. Kombinationen ska underlätta utvecklandet av teoretiska och praktiska kunskaper. Modellen har beskrivits som framgångsrik men det finns vissa skillnader mellan lärlingens lärandemiljö och elevens lärandemiljö som gör det svårt att applicera lärlingsmodellen i skolmiljön.

Adulé ou détesté, l’op art a marqué les esprits par son incroyable réception populaire. Damiers à renflements, moirage, jeux de trompe-l’œil, clignotements épileptiques… Avec son insatiable appétit scopique, cette avant-garde a fait l’objet de nombreux réemplois dans la publicité, le design, la mode, à la télévision, et plus que jamais au cinéma. Art de l’œil et du mouvement, sa géométrie illusionniste avait matière à s’y épanouir – la moindre caméra décuple ses vertus de métamorphose. A l’inverse, ses gadgets sophistiqués ont sublimé à moindre coût les décors de science-fiction, son économie pulsatile a piloté des mises en scène d’horreur et de suspense, et le cinéma réaliste en a fait un puissant miroir de la société. Pourtant, l’histoire de l’art a longtemps ignoré voir blâmé ces reprises. Comme à l’époque, on les ravalait au rang de la récupération. C’étaient sinon le symptôme d’un art décérébré, décadent, vulgairement rétinien. Il importe aujourd’hui de les reconsidérer. Comment ces « œuvres de prolongement » travaillent les imaginaires de l’op art ? Au cours de ses réemplois, que perd et gagne une œuvre d’art ? A travers trois capitales, Paris, Londres et Rome, cet essai décrypte les enjeux d’une fascination visuelle dans un après-guerre hanté, bouleversé par l’imagerie médiatique (guerre froide, fabrication du consentement) et les technologies engageant l’œil et le cerveau (contre-espionnage, cryptanalyse). Cette thèse se réclame des « factual studies », une approche nouvelle, non moins iconographique que les visual studies, mais davantage sensible à une pensée de l’événement. Soit la rencontre des faits historiques avec les refoulés de l’histoire. / Worshiped or hated, op art is famous for its amazing popularity. Raised checkboards, moiré patterns, trompe l’oeil games, epileptic flashes… Because of its insatiable scopic appetite, this artistic movement was abundantly used in advertising, fashion, television and, above all, in movies. Art of the eye and the motion, its illusionist geometry could find a large expression in cinema – a shaking camera could increase its metamorphic power. Its sophisticated gadgets magnified science-fiction sets at minimal cost, its stroboscopic aesthetic fuelled the staging of horror films and thrillers, and realistic cinema has used it as a faithful mirror of society. However, history of art has always condemned this kind of reuse and was reluctant to study it. As in the sixties, one considered it as an enterprise of looting, or even as the sign of a decadent, enervated and strictly retinal art. Visiting three capitals, Paris, London and Rome, this thesis aims at decrypting issues related to visual fascination in a post-war time challenged by the media imagery (Cold War, manufacturing consent) and the new technologies such as counter-espionage and cryptanalysis. What does an artwork win or lose through its transformations? To what extent do these “objects of extension” reflect the fantasy of op art and even of society? While taking into account the historical dimension, this study experiments a new research method : the “factual studies” – that is however equally iconographic as the “visual studies”. In other words, the encounter of historical events and repulsed history.

The thesis aims at improving the process of choosing a university by designing an experimental educational course composed of activities focused on self-knowledge and working with information. The theoretical part includes an overview of the existing research about higher education school choice. To create suitable activities, it was necessary to know the importance of choice factors, prospective students' needs and the facts about current sources of information. The thesis also presents the current state of career consulting and courses focused on a similar subject. The empirical part describes the content of the online educational workshop and its implementation including students' evaluation. The verification of the course's benefits was secured by interviews with the students and by evaluation of their learning outcomes from the activities. Furthermore, the thesis contains a description of the research limits caused by the Covid-19 pandemic and a recommendation for future improvements and methodical use. Key words: Higher education choice, career consulting, prospective student, decision-making, designing methodology

This master’s thesis deals with the development of materials for classwork using EPLAN software tools for "XEPL" course. The introductory part describes issues with design in electrical engineering, with an emphasis on the formal aspects of project documentation standards and software tools for design support. Further in the thesis, there is an introduction to the EPLAN software environment. The EPLAN environment modules are presented one by one and the EPLAN Education software is introduced. The next part of this thesis involves a model project in designing electric installation of car washer in the EPLAN Education. The last part of this thesis includes a set of exercises based on this model project, where basic functions of the EPLAN software and their uses are presented.

The Master Thesis deals with technological project in the engineering company, that is named MAXAREN Ltd. The Thesis includes theoretical part about technological designing, analysis of the current status of the company, capacity calculations, layout and technical and economic assessment. The calculations are calculated based on the typical product of the company. The layout, that is designed in a technological arrangement, was made using capacity calculations and optimizations given by the company. It is clear from the technical a economic assessement that the investment is appropriate.

The aim of this diploma thesis is to look at the design of network infrastructure in practice. There are individual procedures, brands, standards that must be followed when designing. It includes a brief general overview of terminal elements, cable systems and related matters. In general, methods for measuring optical lines and parameters for measuring metallic networks are described here. The possible complications that accompany it are briefly described in the implementation. The network design methodology is also described here on the example of a specific object. Before the actual handover of the work, the entire infrastructure is analyzed and measured with output protocols within the certification of the entire system together with outputs in the form of a measurement protocol.