Thèse--Université de Strasbourg. / "Index bibliographique": p. 483-497.

Inaug.-diss.--Bonn. / Lebenslauf. "Literaturangabe": p. [28]-29.

Inaug.-diss.--Göttingen. / Lebenslauf. "Verzeichnis der benutzten literatur": p. 26-27.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-06-22T15:43:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 antoniowaltersenajunior.pdf: 3004820 bytes, checksum: 9f9af904695c90fb200152075c392c3f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-08-07T19:23:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 antoniowaltersenajunior.pdf: 3004820 bytes, checksum: 9f9af904695c90fb200152075c392c3f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-07T19:23:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 antoniowaltersenajunior.pdf: 3004820 bytes, checksum: 9f9af904695c90fb200152075c392c3f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-29 / Os objetivos deste estudo foram identificar os motivos que levam as pessoas a praticarem a corrida de rua, a partir da Teoria da Autodeterminação (Deci e Ryan, 1980, 1985, 1991). Foi verificada a validade da teoria, sua aplicabilidade e resultados em 51 corredores de rua (37 homens e 14 mulheres) do Ranking de Corridas de Rua da Secretaria de Esporte e Lazer da Prefeitura de Juiz de Fora, MG. Foi utilizado o instrumento denominado Escala de Motivação no Esporte (EMEBR) – versão brasileira da SMS (Sport Motivation Scale). A EME-BR consiste de 28 itens, subdividido em 7 subescalas que medem três tipos de Motivação Intrínseca, três formas de regulação para Motivação Extrínseca (Identificação, Introjeção e Regulação Externa), e Amotivação (BARA FILHO et al., 2011). Os resultados apresentaram níveis satisfatórios de consistência interna. As correlações entre as sub-escalas confirmaram aspectos teóricos, como o Índice de Autodeterminação e o Continuum de Autodeterminação. / The aim of this study was to identify the reasons that lead people to be a roadrunner, starting from the Self-Determination Theory (Deci e Ryan, 1980, 1985, 1991). It was verified the validity’s theory, his applicability and results on 51 roadrunners (37 males and 14 females) belonging to the Ranking de Corridas de rua da Secretaria de Esporte e Lazer da Prefeitura de Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil. The instrument used was the Brazilian Version (EME-BR) of the Sport Motivation Scale (SMS). The SMS consists of 28 items, subdivided in seven subscales that measure three types of Intrinsec Motivation, three forms of regulation for Extrinsic Motivation (identified, Introjected, and External), and Amotivation (BARA FILHO et al., 2011). The results revealed a satisfactory level of internal consistency. The correlations among subscales confirmed the theoretical elements like the self-determination index and the self-determination continuum.

Tidigare forskning visar på problematiken beträffande elevers motivation i skolan. Problematiken som framgår är att fler elever är omotiverade till att delta i matematik samt idrott och hälsa än för några år sedan. Tidigare forskning lyfter även fram vikten av att det är lärarnas främsta ansvar att motivera eleverna i skolan. Tidigare forskning lyfter fram att motivation påverkar elevernas delaktighet i undervisningen. Syftet med studien är att skaffa bredare förståelse för vilka strategier lärare använder för att skapa yttre motivation i ämnet matematik samt idrott och hälsa. För att besvara syftet och forskningsfrågorna har observationer, ostrukturerade intervjuer, fältanteckningar och ljudinspelning används som datainsamlingsmetod. Tre metodfrågor har även det varit till hjälp för att besvara studiens forskningsfrågor. Det teoretiska ramverket som använts i studien är Self-determination theory. Det genomfördes ett urval av det insamlade materialet där den yttre motivationen kunde identifieras. Analysen visade på att alla typer av yttre motivation (external regulation, introjected regulation, identified regulation, integrated regulation) användes i undervisningen. Analysavsnittet visade även på att lärarna använde strategierna i olika hög grad i respektive ämne. Det innebar att den yttre motivationen kunde identifieras mer under idrottslektionerna än på matematiklektionerna. Likheter och skillnader mellan matematikundervisningen och idrottsundervisningen har även identifierats beträffande de olika typerna av yttre motivation. / The first part of this review is regarding the lack of motivation amongst pupils in school. Bottom line in this review is about how motivation has an influence in the participation in the pupil’s education. Pervious research shows that motivation affects the participation in education. Previous research also showed that teachers have a responsibility to motivate pupils in school. The pupil’s motivation in education has a big influence of the participation in class. The purpose is to investigate which strategies teachers use to motivate pupils in mathematics and physical education. The review used the methods observations, structured interviews, notes and sound recording to answer the purpose and research questions. Self-determination theory has used a framework in the review. A selection has been done, from the collected material, which proved to be external motivation. The analyse shows that every type of external motivation was visible (external regulation, introjected regulation, identified regulation, integrated regulation) in education. The analyse section in the review, shows that teachers predomenantly, used motivation in different ways. External motivation been visibility the most in physical education class, than in lecture in math. The results have proved that all the types of external motivation were visible.

By controlling the inheritance of sex, the sex determination mechanism constrains sex allocation strategies and sex ratio adaptation; however, sex ratio selection also influences the evolution of sex determination mechanisms. Much of the sex determination literature focuses on how sex determination mechanisms transition between genetic and environmental factors (i.e. GSD vs. ESD), and if genetic sex factors are involved, how many (e.g. chromosomal vs polygenic systems). The study of sex allocation largely focuses on deviations in sex ratio from a theoretically 1:1 evolutionarily stable strategy, such as when sex ratios reflect ‘cost’ differences between the sexes. Tigriopus californicus is a tidepool copepod with polygenic sex determination, and shows wide variability in sex ratios in the field and lab that cannot be explained by genetic and stochastic processes alone, which suggests that an environmental variable might influence sex ratio. Females and their offspring were fed diets of different nutritional quality in a crossed design, and the sex ratio of each clutch was recorded for up to 8 clutches from a given female: this design allowed the influence of female diet vs. that of her offspring to be distinguished. The clutch sex ratio changed over the laying order according to the offspring’s diet, which is evidence for environmental sex determination in this species. Sex ratio also showed the influence of maternal diet, consistent with sex allocation theory. While dietary carotenoids showed no association with sex ratio or clutch size, long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (particularly EPA and DHA) were implicated as the agent of sex ratio effect, providing a direction for future studies. The situation of T. californicus at the intersection of major themes in sex evolution makes this system an ideal model for selection studies. / Graduate / 2018-09-13

Chum salmon embryonal discs were smeared and the cells stained with acetocarmine (60° C.) for chromosome content. Thirty-eight chromosomes (granular, sigmoid, and j-shaped) were counted, but the number was not considered absolute. The presence of sex chromosomes could not be established. Chromosomes in cells of differentiating gonads showed such excessive clumping that a count could not be made. Sex differentiation was followed in chum salmon. Sections from alevins (three weeks old) showed the gonads to be indifferent. Isolated nests of germ cells appeared which eventually formed a continuous cord (five weeks). At nine weeks the primordial ovary developed oocytes and in the succeeding week formed an endovarial canal. At this time the testis was first recognized (ten weeks). It was a small compact organ containing spermatogonia. Up to the final examination (fifteen weeks) the ovary showed no new structures excepting a prominent vena commites anteriad, while the testis retained its primitive features. The sex of pink and chum salmon fry migrants were shown by dissection. Ultraviolet light and temperature treatment of developing chum, pink, and sockeye embryos did not show that these factors would influence the sex ratio. Temperature data were decidedly inconclusive. An equal distribution of the sexes in pink and chum fry and sockeye smolts was found in data compiled from migrant runs at Port John, B. C. It is suggested that precocious male sockeye mature in the sea. The sex ratios at stages in the life history of the pink salmon are presented to show that there had occurred a natural sea mortality of 40.2 percent. / Science, Faculty of / Zoology, Department of / Graduate

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur millennials inom servicebranschen upplever att ledarskap har betydelse för arbetsmotivationen. Vi vill med vår forskning förmedla vad som kan vara lönsamt för ledare att ha kunskap om gällande arbetsmotivation för att minska personalomsättning i organisationer. Studien utgår ifrån motivationsteorin Self Determination Theory och ledarskapsstilarna demokratisk-, auktoritärt och Laissez-faire ledarskap. Studien har baserats på nio intervjuer. För att analysera materialet har en tematisk analysmetod tillämpats och studien har haft en deduktiv utgångspunkt.  Studiens resultat visade att ledare har en positiv betydelse för arbetsmotivationen genom att vara synliga, lyhörda, stöttade och uppmärksamma. Motivationen främjas genom att först uppfylla de inre motivationsfaktorerna för att sedan förstärkas med hjälp av yttre motivationsfaktorer. Ledarens negativa betydelse för arbetsmotivationen uppstår främst när det inte längre finns någon möjlighet till utveckling på arbetsplatsen. Den fördragna ledarskapsstilen är ett demokratiskt ledarskap. / The purpose of this study was to examine how millennials within the service industry experience leadership and its significance on workplace motivation and engagement. With our research we will share knowledge that has shown beneficial for leaders to apply regarding their employee’s drive to work, thus lowering turnover of personnel for the organization. The study takes its starting point from the motivational theory Self Determination Theory and the different leadership styles: democratic, authoritative, and Laissez-faire leadership. This study is based on nine separate interviews. To analyze the material, a thematic analysis method has been applied and the with a deductive starting point.  The results show that leaders have a positive impact on employees’ willingness and drive to work by being visible, supportive, and attentive. The motivation firstly stems from an inner self-motivational drive, and later gets enforced from outer motivational factors. A leader’s negative impact on employees drive to work arises when there no longer is a possibility for growth within the organization. The preferred method of leadership was the democratic style leadership.

No description available.

This thesis outlines an orbit determination and 3-axis attitude determination system for use on orbit as applicable to 1U CubeSats and other picosatellites. The constraints imposed by the CubeSat form factor led to the need for a simple configuration and relaxed accuracy requirements. To design a system within the tight mass, volume, and power constraints inherent to CubeSats, a balance between hardware complexity, software complexity and accuracy is sought. The proposed solution consists of a simple orbit propagator, magnetometers with a magnetic field look-up table, Sun sensors with an analytic Sun direction model, and the TRIAD method to combine vector observations into attitude information. The orbit propagator is a simple model of a circular trajectory with several frequently updated parameters and can provide orbital position data with average and maximum errors—when compared to SGP4—of less than 3.7km and 10.7km for 14 days. The magnetic field look up table provides useful information from a small memory footprint; only 480 data points provide a mean error of approximately 0.2° and a maximum error of approximately 2°—when compared to the IGRF model. The Sun’s direction is modeled, and as expected, can be modeled simply and accurately. Combining the magnetic field and Sun direction models with inaccurate sensors and the TRIAD method results in useful attitude information from a very simple system. A system with Sun sensor error standard deviation of 1° and magnetometer error standard deviation of 5° yields results with average error of only 2.74°, and 99% of the errors in this case are less than approximately 13°. The system outlined provides crude attitude determination with software and hardware requirements that are well within the capabilities of current 1U CubeSats—something that many other systems, such as Kalman filters or star trackers, cannot do. It also provides an excellent starting point for future ADCS systems, which will significantly increase the ability of CubeSats.