Orientador: Jose Antonio Rocha Gontijo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T15:37:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Suedekum_ElenWhiteMateus_M.pdf: 8584327 bytes, checksum: 8f11b1956a8a970839181b78f49bb35b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003 / Resumo: Alterações morfológicas e funcionais de diferentes sistemas e aparelhos e a hipertensão arterial têm sido demonstrados freqüentemente na evolução da diabetes mellitus. Dentre estas alterações funcionais, destacam-se aquelas manifestações relacionadas à modificação de manipulação tubular de sódio e do balanço hidrossalino. Pouco se conhece sobre o envolvimento da angiotensina 11 e da atividade neural nesta alteração, bem como da importância destas na modulação de uma resposta contra-reguladora durante a depleção volêmica induzida pela furosemida. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito do bloqueio de receptores A T1 da angiotensina II e da atividade neural renal sobre a pressão arterial e a manipulação tubular renal de sódio, após a administração aguda ou crônica de furosemida, na diabetes mel/itus experimental. Para a avaliação do papel dos receptores A T1 da angiotensina 11 e da atividade neural renal, comparamos oito grupos de animais: 1) controle; 2) controle tratado com losartan; 3) diabetes mellitus induzida por estreptozotocina, 4) diabetes mellitus induzida por estreptozotocina e tratado com losartan, 5) controle submetido à cirurgia simulada de denervação renal bilateral; 6) controle submetido à denervação renal bilateral, 7) diabetes mel/itus induzida por estreptozotocina e submetido à cirurgia simulada de denervação renal bilateral; e 8) diabetes mellitus induzida por estreptozotocina e submetido à denervação renal bilateral. A pressão arterial foi aferida semanalmente através do método de plestimografia de cauda e o estudo funcional renal foi estimado através dos clearances de creatinina endógeno e de lítio, em ratos Wistar-Hannover acordados em gaiolas metabólicas individuais. Nossos resultados mostram que: 1) uma progressiva elevação da pressão arterial ocorreu em animais diabéticos, que foi atenuada pela denervação renal bilateral; 2) losartan 10 mg/kg/dia reduz a pressão arterial em animais-controle; todavia, perde a sua eficácia hipotensora em animais diabéticos, após a administração crônica de furosemida; 3) a administração oral aguda de furosemida promoveu uma natriurese em animais-controle e diabéticos, por elevar a excreção de sódio em segmentos proximais e pós-proximais do néfron; 4) o tratamento crônico de furosemida promoveu uma significativa atenuação nesta resposta natriurética por promover uma queda na fração de excreção de sódio, principalmente em segmentos pós-proximais do néfron, associada também à queda da taxa de filtração glomerular em animais controles e diabéticos; 5) losartan atenua a resposta diurética induzida pela administração aguda e cônica de furosemida em animais diabéticos; 6) losartan não modificou a resposta natriurética observada principalmente em segmentos pós-proximais do néfron em animais controles; 7) o bloqueio de receptores A T1 da angiotensina causa elevação da taxa de filtração glomerular associada à queda da fração de excreção proximal de sódio em animais diabéticos; 8) a denervação renal bilateral atenuou a resposta natriurética à administração aguda de furosemida por reduzir a excreção de sódio em segmentos pós-proximais do néfron; 9) a denervação renal não aboliu a resposta natriurética induzi da por furosemida administrada cronicamente. Portanto, nosso estudo mostra que na diabetes mellitus ocorre uma elevação significativa da pressão arterial sistêmica, que é atenuada pela denervação renal bilateral, e sugere que mecanismos contra-regulatórios . à depleção do volume sangüíneo ocorrem independentemente da ação de angiotensina 11 e da atividade neural renal / Abstract: Functional and morphological modification of the different animal systems and apparatus, and arterial blood pressure has been demonstrated in the evolution of the diabetes mellitus. Among these dysfunctions, detach to these related to the modifications of sodium tubular handling and the hydro-saline homeostasis. The studies evaluating the evolving of angiotensin 11 and renal nerve activity in this pathophysiological situation are not wide at the moment, as well as the importance these in the modulation of a counter-regulatory answer during depletion's volume that was induce by furosemide. The objective of study was evaluate the influence of the blockade of the A T1 angiotensin receptors and of the renal nerve activity on the arterial blood pressure and sodium renal tubular handling, after acute and chronic administration of furosemide, in diabetes mellitus animal model induced by streptozotocin i. v administration in rats. To examine the role of AT1 angiotensin receptors and of the renal nerve activity, we compared eight groups of animais: 1) contol rats, 2) losartan treated rats; 3) streptozotocin-induced DM rats; 4) losartan treated streptozotocin-induced DM rats; 5) sham-operated rats; 6) denervated rats; 7) sham-operated streptozotocin-induced DM rats, e 8) denervated streptozotocininduced DM rats. The arterial blood pressure was measured weekly by tail plethysmography method and renal function test was estimated by lithium and creatinine clearance, in concious and unrestrained rats and individual metabolic cages. The results of present study demostrate that: 1) a progressive elevation of the arterial pressure occured in diabetic animais that is attenuaded by bilateral renal denervation; 2) losartan 10 mg/kg/day reduced the arterial pressure in controls animais; but it lose its efficacy in diabetic animais, after the chronic administration of furosemide; 3) the acute oral administration of furosemide promoted a natriurese, in controls and diabetic animais, by elevate the sodium excretion in proximal and post-proximal nefron segment.; 4) the chronic tratment of furosemide promoted a significant attenuation in this natriuretic response by induced a fali in sodium excretion fraction, mainly in post-proximal segment of nefron associated toa to the fali of the glomerular filtration rate in controls and diabetic animais. 5) losartan attenuate the diuretic response induced by acute and chronic of furosemide in diabetic animais; 6) losartan no modified the natriurese response observed principally in post-proximal segment of nefron in controls animais; 7) the blockade of A T1 receptors of angiotensin 11 causes an elevation of the glomerular filtration rate associated to the a fali of the sodium proximal excretion fraction in diabetic animal; 8) the bilateral renal denervation attenuated the natriuretic response to acute administration of furosemide by reduce the sodium excrection in post-proximal segment nefron; 9) the renal denervation no abolished a natriuretic response induced by chronic administration of furosemide. Therefore, our study demonstrate that in diabetes mellitus occurs a significant elevation of the systemic arterial pressure that is attenuated by bilateral renal denervation. And, it suggests that contra-regulatory mechanisms to the blood volume depletion occur independently of angiotensin 11 and renal nerve activity / Mestrado / Fisiologia / Mestre em Biologia Funcional e Molecular

Orientador: Luiz Gonzaga Gandini Junior / Banca: Adriano Marotta Araujo / Banca: Luiz Cavalcante de Albuquerque Junior / Banca: Lídia Parsekian Martins / Banca: Ary dos Santos Pinto / Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da terapia com laser de baixa intensidade (LBI) sobre as alterações histológicas do ligamento periodontal, osso alveolar e complexo dentinapolpa de dentes submetidos à movimentação ortodôntica em ratos diabéticos e osteopênicos. Para tanto, induzimos o diabetes e osteopenia em ratos Wistar, por meio da administração de aloxana e por ovariectomia, respectivamente. Animais normoglicêmicos e ratas não ovariectomizadas funcionaram como controles. Posteriormente, o primeiro molar superior direito foi submetido à tracionamento mesial. A LBI foi realizada a 780 nm. Após o sacrifício em 7, 13 e 19 dias, os tecidos foram removidos, processados e analisados histologicamente. Em animais osteopênicos e diabéticos, a LBI reduziu significativamente a intensidade da resposta inflamatória, modulou a diferenciação osteoclástica/osteoblástica e aumentou a vascularização do ligamento periodontal, além de aumentar a organização arquitetural das fibras periodontais. Adicionalmente, a LBI também atenuou a inflamação e incrementou a vascularização em polpas dentais de dentes tracionados em ratos diabéticos, embora tenhamos observado um aumento importante na colagenização pulpar. Concluímos que ambos os distúrbios metabólicos promoveram alterações morfológicas importantes nos tecidos pulpar e periodontais durante a movimentação ortodôntica e que o laser de baixa intensidade é capaz de reverter parcial, mas não totalmente, as modificações histológicas periodontais e do complexo dentina-polpa. / Abstract: The purpose of the current study was to assess the effect of the low level laser therapy (LLLT) on the histological changes of the periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, and dentinpulp complex of teeth subjected to orthodontic movement in diabetic and osteopenic rats. Therefore, we induced diabetes and osteopenia in Wistar rats, by the administration of aloxan and by ovariectomy, respectively. Normoglycemic and non-ovariectomized animals were regarded as controls. Subsequently, the upper right first molar was submitted to mesial traction. The LLLT was carried out at 780 nm. After the sacrifice of the rats in 7, 13 and 19 days, the tissues were removed, processed and analyzed in light microscope. In both osteopenic and diabetic animals, the LLLT significantly reduced the intensity of the inflammatory response, modulated the osteoblastic/osteoclastic differentiation, and increased the blood vessels content of the periodontal ligament, as well as provided better architectural arrangement of the periodontal collagen fibers. In addition, the LLLT also attenuated the inflammation and improved vascularization in dental pulps of pulled teeth of diabetic rats, although we also observed a significant increment in the pulp collagenization. We concluded that both metabolic disturbances promoted morphological changes in the pulp and periodontal tissues during dental movement, as well as that LLLT is able to partially, but not completely, reverse the histopathological findings seen in the periodontal tissues and pulp-dentin complex. / Doutor

Orientador: Maria Cecilia F. de A. Veiga / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-20T08:19:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Benetton_SilvanaLandiBernardes_M.pdf: 3450441 bytes, checksum: 747721a844a9264d737ae07dc8efe257 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1995 / Resumo: Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de verificar a influencia do teor protéico da dieta na gênese do tecido de reparo em animais diabéticos. Foram selecionados 80 ratos da linhagem wistar, com 30 dias de idade, pesando em média 110& distribuídos em 4 grupos de 20 animais cada e subdivididos em grupo I(controle - nonnoprotéico), D(diabético - nonnoprotéico), m(diabético - hipoprotéico) e IV(diabético - hiperprotéico). Os animais foram mantidos com suas respectivas dietas até completarem 60 dias, após os quais, foi realizada a indução do diabetes que constituiu na administração de uma dose única de aloxana [ Alloxm (5,6 - Dioxyurac~1) Monohydrate), na concentração de 130mg1kg para os animais do grupo m ',e 150mg1kg para os animais dos grupos D e IV em um volume mmca superior a ...Observação: O resumo, na íntegra, poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital / Abstract: Thi$ work was perfonned with the pmpose of verifYing the inttuence of the proteic content of the diet in genesis of the healing tissue in diabetics animais. 80 rats of the Wistar lineage, of 30 days old, weigbing on the average 110g were selected and distributed in 4 groups of 20 animais each and subdivided in group I(control - nonnoproteic), n( diabetic - nonnoproteic), m(diabetic hipoproteic) e IV(diabetic - hiperproteic). The animais were kept with its respective diets until they had completed 60 days, after wich ...Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic digital thesis or dissertations / Mestrado / Fisiologia e Biofisica do Sistema Estomatognatico / Mestre em Ciências

Orientador : Antonio Carlos Boschero / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-16T21:56:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pinheiro_ElianadeCassia_M.pdf: 3617602 bytes, checksum: 71e9afaaf788da08e091cb55bd3e0231 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1988 / Resumo: Ratos com grau moderado de diabetes não apresentaram alterações significativas na severidade do mesmo, avaliada por glicemia, evolução ponderal, ingestão de água, diurese de 24 horas, consumo de reação, pesos do rim direito da gordura epididimal e da gordura perirrenal, pelo tratamento diário com 10 mg de gentamicina/kg peso corporal/dia. Ratos com diabetes moderado tratados com 50 mg de gentamicina/kg peso corporal/dia não apresentaram alterações na glicemia, na evolução ponderal, na ingestão de água, no consumo de ração, nos pesos do rim direito, da gordura epididimal e da gordura perirrenal. Por outro lado, apresentaram aumento da diurese de 24 horas, da uréia sérica e tendência deu aumento da diurese de 24 horas, da uréia sérica e tendência e aumento da creatinina sérica. Esses dados avaliados em conjunto sugerem o desenvolvimento de alterações renais provocadas pela alta dose do antibiótico do que para o aumento da severidade do diabetes. Ratos com diabetes moderado tratados diariamente com 2 x 25 mg de gentamicina/Kg peso corporal apresenta diminuição da glicemia no período de tratamento, a qual se manteve no período de recuperação. Tal alteração poderia significar a ação hepática do antibiótico aumentando a captação de glicose e/ou diminuindo a ação do glucagom, também á nível hepático: aumento da sensibilidade periférica da insulina e/ou diminuindo a secreção de outros hormônios hiperglicemiantes / Mestrado / Fisiologia / Mestre em Ciências Biológicas

Objetivo: Evaluar si existe asociación entre Obesidad Abdominal e Hiperuricemia en pacientes diagnosticados con DM tipo 2 que fueron atendidos en el programa “Cuídate” en la Clínica Internacional en la ciudad de Lima - Perú en el año 2018. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio observacional analítico de tipo transversal, de una base secundaria, en una muestra de 815 historias clínicas de pacientes diagnosticados con DM tipo 2, que fueron atendidos en el programa “Cuídate” en la Clínica Internacional en la ciudad de Lima - Perú en el año 2018. Variables principales: Obesidad Abdominal, Hiperuricemia.

Diabetes mellitus is becoming an increasing concern all over the world. Many people especially in poor communities have been using medicinal plants to treat diabetes and its complications. Much work has been done to find scientific evidence to support the use of medicinal plants in many cases with good evidence to support the traditional use. There has been an increase in research on the use of botanicals for either the treatment and/or management of diabetes in many parts of the world. To start this study an informal survey on plant species used to treat diabetes was carried out with local inhabitants and herbal traders in the Newcastle region (KwaZulu Natal). The plant species were chosen based on their wide use by traditional healers and local inhabitants. The efficacy of the selected plant (Senna alexandrina, Cymbopogon citrates, Cucurbita pepo, Nuxia floribunda, Hypoxis hemerocallidea and Cinnamomum cassia) used to treat diabetes mellitus by traditional healers in KwaZulu Natal province of South Africa was evaluated under controlled laboratory conditions. With the exception of Senna alexandrina and Nuxia floribunda, there has been some independent evidence of the efficacy of these plant species In this study three relevant in vitro and semi in-vivo assays were selected to test the efficacy of different extracts on alpha amylase (carbohydrate digestive enzyme) activity, alpha glucosidase (glucose absorption) activity and islets of Langerhans insulin secretory activity. Hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol extracts were examined and screened for their phytochemical properties and activity in the selected assays Alpha amylase inhibitory assay Not all extracts of the plant species had α-amylase enzyme inhibitory activity. The acetone extracts of C. pepo and H. hemerocallidea had enzyme inhibition less than that of acarbose positive control (EC50 = 1.82, 0.92 and 0.56 mg/ml respectively). The other plant species that had substantial α-amylase inhibitory activity was the methanol extracts of C. citratus and C. cassia (EC50 = 0.313 and 0.12 mg/ml respectively), ethyl acetate extracts of C. citratus and N. floribunda (EC50 = 1.20 and 1.60 mg/ml respectively). The hexane extracts of C. cassia (0.72 mg/ml), N. floribunda (0.88 mg/ml), C. pepo (0.70 mg/ml) and S. alexandrina (0.083 mg/ml) all had α-amylase inhibitory activity.The best activity was present in the intermediate polarity extracts. If these more apolar plant extracts are not toxic or do not have negative side effects they may be much more efficient than acarbose in managing α-amylase activity. Alpha glucosidase inhibitory assay In contrast to the alpha amylase activity, the inhibitory activity of the non-polar (hexane and ethyl acetate) plant extracts was in general higher than that of polar extracts. With the methanol and acetone extracts the inhibitory activity varied from no activity in the methanol extract of C. cassia to highly active methanol extract of C. pepo (70.3%) and acetone extract of H. hemerocallidea (84.35%). Among the plants studied C. cassia and N. floribunda (bark) had the highest inhibitory activity in the hexane and ethyl acetate extracts, the acetone extract of H. hemerocallidea had the highest inhibitory activity. The hexane crude extracts ofN. floribunda and C. citratus had very high inhibitory activity at the highest concentration tested (1 mg/ml). The ethyl acetate crude extracts of all the plant species used in this study had an inhibitory activity above 90% against α-glucosidase at 1 mg/ml. When compared to acarbose all the plant species used in this screening study had good activity against the α-glucosidase enzyme with the exception of the methanol extract of C. cassia. The inhibitory activity of hexane and ethyl acetate extracts was close to that of the positive control. If the more non-polar plant extracts are not toxic or do not have negative side effects (not tested) it appears that they may be more or less efficient than acarbose in managing α-glucosidase activity. Islets of Langerhans as a target site Only with the H. hemerocallidea acetone extract was there an increase in insulin secretion of 2.5 mIU/L (Table 8) at 8 ug/ml. With all the other extracts the insulin levels were less than 0.2 mIU/L. The positive controls of acarbose and glibenclamide at a concentration of 1 mg/ml stimulated insulin secretion to 11.5 and 19.8 mIU/L respectively. In comparison, the positive controls acarbose and glibenclamide control produce a 5-8 fold greater increase in insulin secretion although the exposure was at a 100-fold higher concentration. This would indicate that the H. hemerocallidea acetone crude extract contains a very potent secretogogue compound. It is possible that higher concentrations of the other plant extracts may also have led to stimulation of insulin production. If the more non-polar plant extracts are not toxic or do not have negative side effects and are biologically available, it appears that they may be much more efficient than acarbose and glibenclamide in managing insulin secretion. Conclusion The best overall activity was observed in the non-polar and intermediate solvents (hexane and ethyl acetate). Although the organic extracts had good activity, it does not explain the use of aqueous extracts by traditional healers because water extracts were not active in the assays. The activity of the C. pepo acetone leaf extract and N. floribunda ethyl acetate bark extract is the first reported evidence of activity with regard to diabetes mellitus. From the in vitro results, it can be concluded some extracts of all the traditionally used species have some merit in the management of diabetes mellitus type II, as suggested by the ethnomedicinal leads. In may be worthwhile following up on this work by isolating the compounds responsible for the biological activities. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Paraclinical Sciences / unrestricted

Selenium, the essential trace element, is well known as its antioxidant function, antiviral properties, and its anti-inflammatory function to human health. The relationships between selenium status and diabetes mellitus have been widely studied, but the consistency of results is lacking. This study used diagnosed diabetes incidence from year 2004 to 2012 and soil selenium content by counties within 48 contiguous states in the U.S. with Generalized Linear Mixed Model- R-Side as the major statistical method to determine whether there is a significant correlation or not. Results showed that the diagnosed diabetes population had been increased from 2004 to 2012 for all 48 states. The South region showed the highest increased rate whereas the Northeast region showed the least. Also, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, and Massachusetts are the four states showed the significant correlation between soil selenium content and diabetes incidence. However, improved analytical methods and data are needed for further research.

No description available.

Yes / Medical Research Council, Innovate UK and Epistem Ltd.

Submitted by Rosivalda Pereira (mrs.pereira@ufma.br) on 2017-06-12T17:33:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 KellySilva.pdf: 1053190 bytes, checksum: 14ae6885897006b813bbfa8df8168e7c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-12T17:33:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 KellySilva.pdf: 1053190 bytes, checksum: 14ae6885897006b813bbfa8df8168e7c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-25 / Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a heterogeneous group of metabolic disorders that have in common hyperglycemia. Diabetics under treatment with insulin therapy must embrace responsibility of the control and management of their condition on a daily basis; in this context the congnitive theory of self efficacy (SE) proposed by Bandura can be considered a decisive factor in achieving behavioral goals of diabtes, resulting in improvements to self-care and glycemic control. The research here presented aimed to analyse the self efficacy to the treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2 in insulin therapy and its correlaton with sociodemographic and clinical variables. To that end, we conducted and analytical study of cross-sectional, with quantitative approach and sample consisting on 134 patients with DM type 1 and 2 in insulin therapy at University Hospital's Endocrinology Clinic - Unit President Dutra (HUUPD) of São Luís-MA. For data collection, we used two instruments: identification data with open and closed questions related to sociodemographic and clinical variables and the Insulin Management Diabetes Self Efficacy (IMDSES), Brazilian version. The search resulted 3.07 global media, on the scale of self efficacy, the areas that stood out with the highest and lowest average respectively were the general management domain (3.38) and the diet field (2.90). We have found the following significant correlations: marital status (widowed had more SE in the diet), education (the higher the education, the better the SE in the management, control and correction of glycemia), treatment with diet and insulin (higher SE in the diet), absence of dyslipidemia (increased SE to the overall management of diabtes) and age (higher SE for older in the diet). It was concluded that there are factors relates to socioeconomic and clinical features that interfare in self efficacy of patients with Diabetes mellitus type 1 e 2 in insulin therapy, against the desease. / O Diabetes Mellitus (DM) é um grupo heterogêneo de distúrbios metabólicos que apresentam em comum a hiperglicemia, resultado de defeitos na ação da insulina, na secreção de insulina ou em ambas. Os diabéticos que fazem tratamento com insulinoterapia devem assumir a responsabilidade do controle e gestão de sua condição no dia a dia. Nesse contexto, a teoria cognitiva da autoeficácia (AE) proposta por Bandura pode ser considerada um fator decisivo para atingir as metas comportamentais do diabetes, resultando em melhorias para o autocuidado e controle glicêmico. A pesquisa que se apresenta, teve como objetivo analisar a autoeficácia do tratamento dos portadores de diabetes mellitus tipo 1 e 2 em insulinoterapia e a sua correlação com as variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo analítico de corte transversal, com abordagem quantitativa e amostra de 134 portadores de DM tipo 1 e 2 em insulinoterapia, atendidos no Ambulatório de Endocrinologia do Hospital Universitário - Unidade Presidente Dutra (HUUPD) de São Luís-MA. Para a coleta de dados, utilizaram-se dois instrumentos: dados de identificação com questões abertas e fechadas referente às variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas e o Insulin Management Diabetes Self Efficacy (IMDSES), versão brasileira. A pesquisa resultou média global de 3,07 na escala de autoeficácia, os domínios que se destacaram com maior e menor média respectivamente foram o domínio administração geral (3,38) e o domínio dieta (2,90). Encontraram-se as seguintes correlações significativas: estado civil (viúvos tinham maior AE na dieta), escolaridade (quanto maior a escolaridade, melhor a AE na administração, controle e correção da glicemia), tratamento com dieta e insulina (maior AE na dieta), ausência de dislipidemia (maior AE para o manejo geral do diabetes) e idade (maior AE para os mais velhos na dieta). Concluiu-se que existem fatores relacionados às características socioeconômicas e clínicas que interferem na autoeficácia do portador de Diabetes mellitus tipo 1 e 2 em Insulinoterapia, frente à doença.