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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Kommunikationsverktyg i projekteringsprocessen : En kvalitativ studie om fysiska och digitala modeller / Communication tools in the planning process : A qualitative study of physical and digital models

Edström, Elin, Wiktorsson, Linnéa January 2016 (has links)
Purpose: Due to the development of technology, communications related to designprojects have become more complex. Previous studies show that physical threedimensional (3D) models are more useful tools for communications than digital models.Despite this, the use of physical models has decreased. The aim of this study is toincrease knowledge about how architects, 3D-visualizers, and modelers find physicaland digital models work as communication tools, and to give suggestions for theirability to collaborate. Method: The study is based on a qualitative approach. Used methods are literaturestudies and interviews. The literature gives an up-to-date research in the field. Theinterviews contribute with rich answers and provide an overall picture of the subject.The respondents consist of architects, 3D-visualizers and modelers. Findings: According to internal and external communication, physical models haveseveral strong advantages and a number of distinct disadvantages. Physical models arestraightforward, they give an overview and open up for discussion. Furthermore, theyhave a valuable influence on designers’ creativity in conceptual design stages.However, physical models are ineffective at visualizing technical information, and theyare not considered to be time and cost efficient. The advantages with digital models aremainly linked to the latter and more detailed stages of the planning process. The modelsare informative and able to visualize technical information. Furthermore, they are timeefficient when making revisions and valuable when selling. Simple digital models areeffective in rapid investigations during the project. More detailed digital models canhowever inhibit creativity in early stages of the planning process. Proposals can easilybe found definite which affects communications negatively.Physical and digital models can cooperate in communications in two ways. The firstway consists of using physical models in the early stages of the process and then transferthe extracted information into digital models. The second way consists of using physicaland digital models parallel during the process, to take advantage of both of theirdifferent qualities. Implications: Physical and digital models have different qualities and contributes withdifferent information. Depending on which information that is important in every stepof the process, the models should be used in different ways. To reach an efficientcommunication, physical and digital models should complement each other. Limitations: The study discuss internal and external communication. The result isbased on the perspective of architect, 3D-visualizer and modeler. The interviews arebased on personal values, but after both empiricism and theory are considered, the resultis found relatively general. The study provides an indication of what the threeprofessions think about the subject. The result can’t however be applied on otherprofessions. Keywords: 3D printing, architecture, CAD, communication, digital model, physicalmodel, planning process.
2

Digital models of manufacturing : with emphasis on titanium welding for early product development

Al Choueyri, Yousef, Fayazi, Mojtaba January 2019 (has links)
This thesis work is part of the BTH research lab, focusing on developing the early product development, by analyzing how to integrate the manufacturing process with the early design process. A known problem in the manufacturing industry is the knowledge gap between the designers and the manufacturing process. Where in the early stages of the product development a knowledge regarding the manufacture process is needed. This is in many cases ignored by the designers because it is commonly thought that the responsibility of selecting the manufacturing processes for a product falls upon the manufacturers, despite the fact that the manufacturing processes in reality is highly dependent upon the design choses such as materials, size, shape, finishing and tolerances of the product. To mitigate this problem a variations of product ‘team’ approaches have been used where the idea is to involve a multitude of people with the necessary experience to produce a ‘production friendly product’. Those approaches have a few drawbacks mainly the problem of finding people with the relevant experiences or that the expertise only covers the manufacturing processes already used in the organization, losing the opportunity to benefit from any alternative manufacturing process. This thesis focuses on how the welding manufacturing technic, analysis can be integrated into the design process with the help of a digital model? To improve the communications between the manufacturers and designers, two excel files were developed. The first excel file aimed at the manufacturers where they can present the specific machines used in the workshop. Focusing on specific machine and workshops instead of on the general welding method will give the designers a better understanding of the feasibility of producing their design in a specific workshop instead of focusing on a specific manufacturing method. The second excel file is aimed at calculating and comparing the weld methods where the cost and requirements are derived for general welding methods and compared with the machine specifications gathered from the manufacturers using the first excel file. To assess the excel files, a parametrized CAD model of the rear engine turbine structure was developed, and three different cases were used to evaluate the developed excel files. The values used are presented in Appendix A: Table 11–15, and were gathered from public sources. Values were also approximated using regression analysis. / Avhandlingen är en del av BTH research lab och fokuserar på det tidiga produktutvecklingsstadiet. Närmare kontrolleras hur produkttillverkningsprocessen kan integreras in i det tidiga produktutvecklingsstadiet. Ett känt problem för detta område är skillnaden på kunskapen som designer och tillverkaren besitter under det tidiga produktutvecklingsstadiet, då kunskapen om tillverkningsprocessen inte existerar. Vanligtvis tar inte produktutvecklare hänsyn till detta, eftersom ansvaret för valet av tillverkningsprocessen bedöms falla på tillverkaren. Trots att tillverkningsprocessen beror på många aspekter som bestäms under designprocessen som till exempel materialval, geometrin, efterbehandlingar och toleranser på produkten. För att minimera problemet involverar industrin en stor variation av människor med kompetens och erfarenhet, som sedan kan tillverka en produkt rätt anpassad för tillverkningsprocessen. Dock har denna lösning några nackdelar, då det kan vara svårt att hitta människor med rätt erfarenhet, men då man fokuserar på ett tillverkningssätt så kan företaget gå miste om fördelarna med alternativa tillverkningsprocesser. Denna avhandling fokuserar på hur analysen av svetstillverkningstekniken kan integreras in i designprocessen med hjälp av en digital modell. För att förbättra kommunikationen mellan tillverkare och designer har 2 Excel filer utvecklats. Den första Excel filen är riktat mot tillverkarna där dem kan nämna maskinerna som finns tillgängliga i deras verkstad. Den andra Excel filen är till för att kunna göra en kostnadskalkyl och jämföra dem olika tillverkningsmetoderna med hjälp av maskinspecifikationerna som fanns presenterade i den första Excel filen. För att utvärdera Excel filerna, har en parametrisk CAD modell skapats och 3 fall har använts för att testa de utvecklade CAD modellera. Värdena som använts i detta examensarbete finns i Appendix A: Table 11–15 och är hämtade från allmänt tillgängliga källor. Värden uppskattades också med hjälp av regressionsanalyser.
3

Orthodontic diagnostics and measurements on digital study models made with an intraoral scanner

Konakovic, Damir January 2013 (has links)
Introduktion:Modellanalys har traditionellt gjorts på fysiska gipsmodeller. Idag finns ny teknik som möjliggör framställning av digitala modeller utan behov av konventionella avtryck. Syftet med den här studien är att undersöka tillförlitligheten hos digitala modeller framställda med en intraoral scanner, patientupplevelsen och olika tidsaspekter förenade med tekniken.Metod:På ett urval av 20 vuxna personer gjordes både konventionell avtryckstagning och en intraoral scanning (TRIOS, 3Shape) av bettet för framställning av gipsmodeller och digitala modeller. Den kliniska tidsåtgången mättes och personerna besvarade ett frågeformulär gällande sin upplevelse av metoderna. Fyra observatörer diagnostiserade bettrelationer och utförde ortodontiska mätningar på gipsmodeller med ett skjutmått och digitala modeller med OrthoAnalyzer Orthodontics (3Shape, Danmark). Tidsåtgången mättes för digital- respektive konventionell modellanalys. Statistiska analyser gjordes utifrån Paired samples t test, korstabeller och frekvensanalys.Resultat:Diagnostik av horisontella-, vertikala- och transversella bettrelationer på digitala modeller har hög tillförlitlighet. Få statistiskt signifikanta skillnader fanns för linjära mätningar på digitala modeller jämfört med gipsmodeller. För majoriteten av observatörerna tog digital modellanalys längre tid än konventionell modellanalys. Likaså var den kliniska tidsåtgången för intraoral scanning signifikant längre än för konventionell avtryckstagning och metoden prioriterades lägre av försökspersonerna.Konklusion:Digitala modeller framställda med en intraoral scanner är en tillförlitlig metod för ortodontisk diagnostik och terapiplanering. Tekniken har en rad fördelar och förbättras ständigt men dess acceptans för den enskilde klinikern blir i slutändan en kostnadsfråga. / Introduction:Model analysis has traditionally been carried out on physical plaster models. New technology allows the production of digital models without the need for conventional impressions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity of digital models made with an intraoral scanner, patient experience and different time aspects associated with this technology.Methods:A sample of 20 adults was selected. Plaster models and digital models were obtained from conventional impressions and an intraoral scanning (TRIOS, 3Shape) respectively. The clinical time required for impression taking and intraoral scanning was recorded and the subjects were asked to answer a questionnaire regarding their experience of both methods. Four independent examiners diagnosed malocclusions and performed measurements with a digital caliper on plaster models and by using OrthoAnalyzer Orthodontics (3Shape, Denmark) for digital models. Time required for digital- and conventional model analysis respectively, was recorded. Statistical analysis was performed by using Paired samples t test, crosstabs and frequency analysis.Results:Diagnostics of horizontal-, vertical- and transversal malocclusions with digital models showed high validity. Few statistically significant differences were found for measurements made on digital models compared to direct measurements on plaster models. For a majority of the examiners, digital model analysis was more time consuming than conventional model analysis. Also, clinical time required for intraoral scanning was significantly greater than for conventional impression taking. The subjects preferred conventional impression taking.Conclusions:Digital models made with an intraoral scanner are a reliable method for orthodontic diagnostics and treatment planning. The technique has a number of advantages and is constantly improving but its acceptance depends ultimately on the cost-effectiveness ratio to the individual practitioner.
4

Simulering av automatiserad sortering i Factory I/O

Östlund, Linus January 2021 (has links)
Användning av Virtual Commissioning (VC) i samband med digitala modeller/tvillingar ges ett stort värde i framtidens industri. Inom konceptet industri 4.0 omnämns Smart Factory (SF) som är en av de viktigare aspekterna inom industri 4.0, detta har för avsikt att adressera utveckling bestående av integration, digitalisering och användning av flexibla strukturer och smarta lösningar. Varav en del i detta ges av så kallad VC och Digital Twin (DT). På ett naturligt sätt medför detta att denna typer av studier gälande användningsområdena av VC ges vikt inför kommande utveckling. Detta projekt har sitt fokus i att studera möjligheterna kring användning av VC och DT i de tidigare stadierna i ett projekt. En prototyp kommer att skapas.  Projektet kommer att erkänna tillvägagångssättet när det gäller ökningen av mjukvarukvalitet och minskning av buggar inför driftsättningen av den fysiska processen. Detta kommer att göras genom en tillämpning i form av en automatiserad sorteringsprocess Sorteringsprocessen kommer att hantera och fördela enligt godkänd och icke godkänd produkt. Sorteringsprocessen genomgick en validering av tredje part som anses godkänd. Driften och säkerheten kommer att vara det centrala för att bedöma dugligheten av modellen. Därmed avgörs huruvida denna VC metod kan ges tillförlitlighet gällande industriell projekttillämpning. / The use of virtual commissioning in connection with digital models / twins is given great value in the future industry. The concept of Industry 4.0 promotes Smart Factory, which requires well-orchestrated developments in integration, digitalization and use of flexible structures and smart solutions. Part of this is provided by so-called Virtual Commissioning (VC) and Digital Twin (DT). Therefore, it is important to study these for future development. This study focuses on studying the possibilities of using VC and DT regarding the earlier stages in a project. The thesis will acknowledge this approach in terms of the increase regarding software quality and bug reduction comes the physical commissioning of the process. This will be done through an application in the form of an automated sorting process.  In this process, two products will be tested and then sorted as either approved or non-approved. Once the functional sorting process has been developed, it did undergo a validation test with an approved result. This validation test is be divided into two different sections where the operation of the process and safety will be central for assessing the feasibility of the model and thus determining whether this VC method can be considered as reliable for industrial project applications.

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