Thesis (doctoral)--Freie Universität, Berlin, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references.

No description available.

The encounter between Spain and the New World --the Americas-- is one of the distinctive historical events of the 15th century. So it is surprising that there is very little reference to the Americas in the many plays remaining from the Spanish Golden Age theatre. This thesis studies six plays centering on the Arauco wars in Southern Chile and the figure of one of the first governors of that country, don Garcia Hurtado de Mendoza. The main objective of this study is to demonstrate to what extent the literary elaboration of the topic contributed to the vision of the New World held by the Spanish public. The dramatists that dealt with this theme did not have any direct contact with the Americas, therefore their representation of that world was based on oral accounts and literary sources available at the time. Among the latter are the letters of a conqueror, two chronicles, two epic poems and a panegiric text. The first part of this thesis consists of the textual analysis of this literary corpus. The main focus of the analysis is the influence of these sources on the dramas and how the characteristics of each genre contributed to their creation. The analysis of the dramatic works with Araucanian content (five plays and one auto sacramental) forms the second part of this thesis. The approach centers particularly on the representation of the Indian world as the "Other" opposed to the Spanish world. The analysis of these texts shows the subtle evolutionary process by which the treatment of the historical fact --Arauco and the Conquest-- in the theatre contributed to create the "idea" of America held at the time in Spain. Also, the re-elaboration of characters and motives indicates the emergence of native mythical figures which have become part of the historic and cultural patrimony of Chile today.

English exploration in North America before Jamestown has been relatively neglected, except for Sir Walter Raleigh's Lost Colony. This study is a survey of the contacts which the Tudor English, 1497-1603, made with North American natives.John Cabot and his young sons reached North America in 1497. He or one of his successors took three American aborigines to England. Henry VII showed concern for natives of North America and suggested that his explorers make rules designed to protect the aborigines. Henry VIII helped finance voyages to America and indirectly laid foundations for later English discovery and colonization, but his son, Edward VI, and his daughter Mary were little interested in furthering English activities in North America.Elizabeth the Protestant was enthusiastic about America and about Christianizing its natives. She was unlucky in backing Thomas Stuckley in the early 1560'x, but involved herself extensively in the three voyages of Martin Frobisher in the late 1570's. These voyages turned into a wild gold chase but his expeditions returned with much information, not appreciated at the time, of the Arctic regions of North America and its people. The Eskimos captured five of Frobisher's men, whom he was never able to recover. The captain seized several natives and took them to England where they aroused much curiosity. The Privy Council gave Frobisher specific instructions concerning his future contacts with the welfare of the aborigines. A minister, who accompanied Frobisher's third expedition, was to remain a year with a company of 100, serve them and convert the Eskimos. This colony did not remain, however.Sir Francis Drake made his global circumnavigation during the years Frobisher sailed with his three expeditions. The son of an Anglican rector and avid Protestant, Drake obviously had a real Christian interest in the Indians whom he encountered, especially in Nova Albion or California. He hoped to establish colonies in the Western Hemisphere which would be missions to the pagans. These colonies and their Christian Indians were intended to counter Spanish activities in the New World.Early in the 1580's Sir Humphrey Gilbert sailed with an expedition to Newfoundland. His. leading associate, the pro-Catholic Sir George Peckham, wrote a tract to promote this expedition which was the first to argue extensively that England should colonize in America in order to Christianize and civilize the Indians.Gilbert's half-brother, Sir Walter Raleigh, was long involved in colonization efforts, in Christianizing the Indians, and extending the English empire.Captain John Davis followed Martin Frobisher a decade later to the Arctic and Sub-Arctic regions. In the 1590'x, Davis wrote two books in which he praised the Eskimos as the most blessed of peoples, and asserted it was England's Christian responsibility to carry the Gospel to these pagans.The Reverend Richard Rakluyt was the younger cousin of the lawyer, Richard siakluyt; as leading geographers during Elizabethan times, they knew most of the great English captains and navigators. The minister was the compiler, editor and publisher of a mass of geographical information often described as the prose epic of the English nation.English Separatists during the 1590's made a colonizing thrust into the St. Lawrence Gulf, and after the turn of the century the English made two ploys into the New England area, where the Indians seemed friendly at first. In the south, one of the two voyages sent to look for the lost Roanoke Colony ended in tragedy just after Elizabeth died.By 1603 many of the Indians in the Chesapeake Bay and Roanoke areas were hostile to the English. Spaniards and Frenchmen, as well as Englishmen who had visited there earlier were in part responsible for this. Thus by the beginning of the Stuart period the English had secured a comprehensive knowledge of the eastern North American coast, but through their own efforts or those of others, had to some degree alienated its native inhabitants.

Habilitationsschrift--Münster. / Bibliographical footnotes.

Thesis--Erlangen. / In Periodical Room. Stamped on cover:1983 No 207. No doctoral dissertation statement.

Habilitationsschrift--Münster. / Bibliographical footnotes.

Submitted by Fabielle Cheuczuk (fabielle.cheuczuk@unioeste.br) on 2018-10-10T13:35:46Z No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertação thiago f.v. f.m..pdf: 4702304 bytes, checksum: 0d85c481a1d38e7035f19efbaee054c6 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-10T13:35:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertação thiago f.v. f.m..pdf: 4702304 bytes, checksum: 0d85c481a1d38e7035f19efbaee054c6 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-07-13 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The research referred here aims to identify and re-signify empirical knowledge. Therfore, significance and re-signification of empirical knowledge. Therefore, it was necessary to investigate the historical processes involving the relevant transformations to the empirical knowledge. It was necessary to recognize and read elements from several areas of knowledge. In this regard, after dealing with empirical knowledge in the Middle Ages, it was followed by empirical knowledge in the face of a gradual paradigmatic transformation, referring to the period of the Discoveries. With the presented elements, two interfaces are exposed that represents a period of changes that culminate in intellectual transformations and a resignification of the empirical. It is against this background that aspects that make up the theoretical, social, philosophical, geographic and economic fields of different periods. They were listed aspirations and productions of the Middle Ages, as well as of the time of the Discoveries, were necessary to understand the meaning and resignification of the empirical in their respective historical moments. The Middle Ages allows us to notice elements such as intertextuality and analogy. By these precepts, are established points for the understanding of the world. It is necessary to unfold such precepts and to understand how they were able to give meaning to the empirical. In this way it is possible to understand empirical knowledge itself in this period. And it is in this unfolding of history that we begin to understand that if there was a re-signification of the empirical in Modernity, it is certainly necessary to know what it meant previously. It is only through this movement that research has its follow-up. If there is a transformation between a signification in one period and a redetermination in another, there must be an explanation for such a transformation. In this sense, the research traverses the path of the Discoveries, which was involved between one time and another. Precisely, at the moment that Discovery happen, there is an effervescence of the Renaissance. Thereout the possibility of recognizing how the Discoveries were able to give new contours to empirical knowledge. Therefore, it is essential to demonstrate what these discoveries have been and what they meant. Through this necessity, the meaning of Discovery is conceptually demonstrated, its impacts, which also lead to the construction of another way of thinking the world, understanding the different as alterity. For the construction of the hypotheses, the arguments and theories were used documents and scientific literature that made possible to understand the presented research object. / A pesquisa aqui referida tem como objetivo reconhecer a significação e ressignificação do conhecimento empírico. Para tanto, foi necessário averiguar os processos históricos, envolvendo as transformações relevantes ao conhecimento empírico. Para isso, foi necessário reconhecer e ler elementos de diversas áreas do conhecimento. Neste sentido, após tratar do conhecimento empírico na Idade Média, seguiu-se tratando do conhecimento empírico diante de uma transformação paradigmática gradual, referindo-se à época dos Descobrimentos. Com os elementos apresentados, ficam expostas duas interfaces que representam um período de mudanças, os quais culminam em transformações intelectuais e, em consequência, uma ressignificação do empírico. É frente a este contexto que são apresentados aspectos que compõe o campo teórico, social, filosófico, geográfico e econômico de distintos períodos. Também foram elencadas aspirações e produções da Idade Média, bem como da época dos Descobrimentos, necessárias à compreensão da significação e ressignificação do empírico em seus respectivos momentos históricos. Referindo-se à Idade Média estão ressaltados elementos como a Intertextualidade e analogia. Mediante estes preceitos, são estabelecidos nortes para a compreensão de mundo. Diante disso é preciso desdobrar tais preceitos para entender como eles foram capazes de dar significação ao empírico, bem como, compreender o próprio conhecimento empírico neste período. E é neste desenrolar da história que se começa a ter entendimento de que, se existiu uma ressignificação do empírico na Modernidade, certamente é preciso saber o que ela significou anteriormente. É somente mediante este movimento que a pesquisa tem seu seguimento. Se há uma transformação entre uma significação em um período e uma ressignificação em outro, tem de existir uma explicação para tal transformação. Neste sentido, a pesquisa percorre o caminho dos Descobrimentos, que esteve envolto entre uma época e outra. Precisamente, no momento em que ocorrem os Descobrimentos há uma efervescência do Renascimento. Com isso surgiu a necessidade de reconhecer como os Descobrimentos foram capazes de dar novos contornos ao conhecimento. Tornando-se imprescindível demonstrar o que foram e o que significaram estes descobrimentos. Mediante esta necessidade fica demonstrado conceitualmente o significado de Descobrimento, bem como de seus impactos, que também levam à construção de uma outra forma de pensar o mundo, entendendo o diferente enquanto alteridade. Para a construção das hipóteses, dos argumentos e teorias, foram utilizados documentos e literatura científica que possibilitaram compreender o objeto de pesquisa apresentado.

The encounter between Spain and the New World --the Americas-- is one of the distinctive historical events of the 15th century. So it is surprising that there is very little reference to the Americas in the many plays remaining from the Spanish Golden Age theatre. This thesis studies six plays centering on the Arauco wars in Southern Chile and the figure of one of the first governors of that country, don Garcia Hurtado de Mendoza. The main objective of this study is to demonstrate to what extent the literary elaboration of the topic contributed to the vision of the New World held by the Spanish public. The dramatists that dealt with this theme did not have any direct contact with the Americas, therefore their representation of that world was based on oral accounts and literary sources available at the time. Among the latter are the letters of a conqueror, two chronicles, two epic poems and a panegiric text. The first part of this thesis consists of the textual analysis of this literary corpus. The main focus of the analysis is the influence of these sources on the dramas and how the characteristics of each genre contributed to their creation. The analysis of the dramatic works with Araucanian content (five plays and one auto sacramental) forms the second part of this thesis. The approach centers particularly on the representation of the Indian world as the "Other" opposed to the Spanish world. The analysis of these texts shows the subtle evolutionary process by which the treatment of the historical fact --Arauco and the Conquest-- in the theatre contributed to create the "idea" of America held at the time in Spain. Also, the re-elaboration of characters and motives indicates the emergence of native mythical figures which have become part of the historic and cultural patrimony of Chile today. / Arts, Faculty of / French, Hispanic, and Italian Studies, Department of / Graduate

A search of music history texts on American music, such as American Music: A Panorama, by Daniel Kingman, seems to ignore the music of 19th-century California. In Kingman's text, music of the Indians and of mission life is discussed, but music of California and, indeed, much of the western United States is left unexplored. I have found this to be the case in other texts as well. In fact, I have never found a text that discusses or even mentions music of the Gold Rush in California. Two reasons for this omission seem likely: the first is the paucity of information available and the second may be that the authors incorrectly assumed that, because all miners were emigrants, the music would not be original. The area of music I have chosen to discuss was, in fact, unique to the mining country of California in the first decade of the Gold Rush. It is my hope that this thesis will be the starting point for further research on the music of the Gold Rush.