L’objectif de cette thèse est d’étudier les appréhensions du couple coûts/valeur par les différentes parties prenantes du marché des télécommunications (opérateurs, consommateurs et régulateur). Pour atteindre cet objectif, nous avons, dans une première partie, précédé à étudier le contexte concurrentiel du marché des télécommunications et les relations conjointes entre les parties prenantes clefs et périphériques du secteur des télécommunications. La théorie des parties prenantes a été mobilisée pour appréhender la complexité de l’activité de la téléphonie mobile et pour identifier les parties prenantes qui bénéficient de la valeur (création et répartition de valeur). L’appréhension du couple coûts/valeur par les parties prenantes se fonde sur la gestion des coûts (notamment la gestion des coûts de réseau) et la gestion de la relation clients et les mesures de la rentabilité clients. Ces deux axes représentent le fondement théorique de notre thèse. Dans une seconde partie, nous avons procédé à mesurer comment chaque partie prenante principale appréhende le couple coûts/valeur. Pour les opérateurs, nous avons constaté que cette appréhension se fonde sur l’économie des réseaux (baisse des coûts) et la maximisation de l’ARPU (maximisation de la valeur clients). Pour les consommateurs, cette appréhension est fondée sur la notion de bon rapport qualité/prix. Autrement dit, payer moins cher pour une meilleure qualité en termes d’offres et de services. Pour le régulateur, l’appréhension est conditionnée par la régulation des prix d’interconnexion entre les opérateurs et par celle de la qualité du réseau. L’appréhension de chaque partie prenante se heurte à des dissonances cognitives liées à la divergence de perception entre les opérateurs et les consommateurs. Le rôle médiateur du régulateur joue un rôle primordial pour réduire ces dissonances cognitives. / The objective of this thesis is to study the apprehension of cost / value by the various stakeholders in the telecommunications market (operators, consumers and regulator). In order to achieve this objective, we have, in the first part, preceded to study the competitive context of the telecommunications market and the joint relations between key and peripheral stakeholders in the telecommunications sector. Stakeholder theory has been mobilized to understand the complexity of mobile telephony activity and to identify stakeholders who benefit from value (creation and value distribution). The understanding of the cost / value by stakeholders is based on cost management (including network cost management) and customer relationship management and customer profitability measurement. These two axes represent the theoretical foundation of our thesis. In the second part, we measured how each main stakeholder apprehends the cost / value. For operators, we have found that this apprehension is based on network economics (lower costs) and the maximization of ARPU (maximizing customer value). For consumers, this apprehension is based on the notion of good value for money. In other words, paying less for better quality in terms of offers and services. For the regulator, apprehension is conditioned by the regulation of the interconnection prices between the operators and by that of the quality of the network. The apprehension of each stakeholder is confronted with cognitive dissonances related to the divergence of perception between operators and consumers. The mediating role of the regulator plays a crucial role in reducing these cognitive dissonances.

<p>Abstract</p><p>A Problem to Every Solution</p><p>The Corrymeela Community, René Girard and the ambiguous pluralism</p><p>The main purpose of this study is to examine how Girard´s ideas of society, culture and</p><p>religion have become part of the reflexion in the praxis of Corrymeela Community through the work of Roel Kaptein and how this praxis can shed light over the work with dissonances of faith and values in education in RE, Social Studies and other subjects.</p><p>In earlier publications I have studied how dissonances of faith and values can be</p><p>understood in educational settings and in connection with issues of interreligious dialogue.</p><p>The extensive discussion of how differences in culture, religion and value in a pluralistic</p><p>society are to be analysed and treated in pedagogical reflexion seems to increasingly occupy</p><p>actors in different parts of the educational system. It is obvious that these issues also are</p><p>brought into focus as an important field of research. My main interest in this paper is to study how a reconciliation group in the middle of the conflict in Northern Ireland has developed a view of conflict reason and conflict resolution under the influence of the French researcher René Girard and what aspects of this study that can improve the reflection over pluralism and dissonances of faith and values in everyday praxis in education.</p><p>For a period of more than a decade I have been in contact with actors in the peace process in</p><p>Northern Ireland in connection to different educational projects. The attempts to analyse the different aspects of ”The Troubles” and the efforts to find ways out of conflicts and civil war are many and the literature on subjects related to these tragic history of social, cultural and religious conflicts is difficult to survey. An interesting and continuing reflexion on conflicts in relation to dissonances of faith and value has been carried out by the ecumenical group “Corrymeela Community”. It has its main centre in Belfast and the members are mainly lay people in different professions. The community is dispersed but meet regularly in the centre of Belfast or in a centre in Ballycastle up at the northern coast.</p><p>René Girard is a member of the French Academy. In his books that touch upon Anthropology,</p><p>Literature Theory, Philosophy and Theology he defends a hypotheses about “ Things Hidden</p><p>Since the Foundation of the World”, as the title reads of one of his books. The conflicts</p><p>among men must be understood in the light of a elaborated mimesis-theory, where the desire</p><p>to acquire what the Other desires leads to rivalry and scapegoating. Cultures arise through</p><p>rules and rituals as a way of structuring social life and thereby avoid the otherwise inevitable</p><p>crises that lead to repeated scapegoating of individuals or groups. From analysing myths,</p><p>literature of fiction and biblical texts he has developed the hypotheses to illuminate how</p><p>conflicts are related to culture and religion.</p>

Abstract A Problem to Every Solution The Corrymeela Community, René Girard and the ambiguous pluralism The main purpose of this study is to examine how Girard´s ideas of society, culture and religion have become part of the reflexion in the praxis of Corrymeela Community through the work of Roel Kaptein and how this praxis can shed light over the work with dissonances of faith and values in education in RE, Social Studies and other subjects. In earlier publications I have studied how dissonances of faith and values can be understood in educational settings and in connection with issues of interreligious dialogue. The extensive discussion of how differences in culture, religion and value in a pluralistic society are to be analysed and treated in pedagogical reflexion seems to increasingly occupy actors in different parts of the educational system. It is obvious that these issues also are brought into focus as an important field of research. My main interest in this paper is to study how a reconciliation group in the middle of the conflict in Northern Ireland has developed a view of conflict reason and conflict resolution under the influence of the French researcher René Girard and what aspects of this study that can improve the reflection over pluralism and dissonances of faith and values in everyday praxis in education. For a period of more than a decade I have been in contact with actors in the peace process in Northern Ireland in connection to different educational projects. The attempts to analyse the different aspects of ”The Troubles” and the efforts to find ways out of conflicts and civil war are many and the literature on subjects related to these tragic history of social, cultural and religious conflicts is difficult to survey. An interesting and continuing reflexion on conflicts in relation to dissonances of faith and value has been carried out by the ecumenical group “Corrymeela Community”. It has its main centre in Belfast and the members are mainly lay people in different professions. The community is dispersed but meet regularly in the centre of Belfast or in a centre in Ballycastle up at the northern coast. René Girard is a member of the French Academy. In his books that touch upon Anthropology, Literature Theory, Philosophy and Theology he defends a hypotheses about “ Things Hidden Since the Foundation of the World”, as the title reads of one of his books. The conflicts among men must be understood in the light of a elaborated mimesis-theory, where the desire to acquire what the Other desires leads to rivalry and scapegoating. Cultures arise through rules and rituals as a way of structuring social life and thereby avoid the otherwise inevitable crises that lead to repeated scapegoating of individuals or groups. From analysing myths, literature of fiction and biblical texts he has developed the hypotheses to illuminate how conflicts are related to culture and religion.

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I denna uppsats har jag sammanställt olika teorier kring rytmik och metrik för att skapa en metod för analys av klassiska verk. Denna metod använder jag sedan på musik av Hector Berlioz för att undersöka om det finns rytmiska och metriska abstrakt som står ut. Vidare används resultatet från analysen för att skriva ett eget stycke som ska reflektera det studerade styckets rytmiska karaktär. Under projektet upptäcker jag bland annat att aspekter av frasrytm är något svårare att inkorporera i ett nytt stycke än andra aspekter och reflekterar slutligen kring hur metoden kan utvidgas och förbättras, samt kring mitt förhållande till metoden ur ett konstnärligt perspektiv.