This master‘s thesis deals with small water power plant Beneš. The first part of the thesis tries to find causes of low efficiency of this power plant. The second part contains suggestions of construction changes for increasing of efficiency – design of new runner blades and basic parameters of new distributor.

The project idea was created from the demand of a renewal for a Power Distributor Unit also known as a PDU. The current product had successively turned in to a cable mess because of short term solutions. This made the product non user friendly, inconvenient and non-agile to handle troubleshooting. To develop this project, a PCB design was created by simplifying and improving circuit diagrams until satisfied. Once the final circuit diagram was obtained, a PCB layout design was created. The result of the project, due to limited time, was only theoretical. The finished product was not tested as there was no time allowing this.

The purpose of this paper was to ascertain the contribution of various structural variables to a growing, efficient system of fertilizer distribution in the state of Utah. A questionnaire to survey the fertilizer distributors was used as a source of data. Information was obtained about structural changes in a five-year period, 1965 to 1970. A multiple regression program was used to synthesize these data to determine which variables were most significant and bow much they contributed to an increase in total value of fertilizer sales. While empirical data were obtained only for structural dimensions of the industry, marketing theory was employed to trace the causal linkage from structure through conduct to performance.

Fluidized bed reactor technology has been widely adopted within the industry as vital component for numerous manufacturing, power generation and gasification processes due to its enhanced mixing characteristics. Computational modeling of fluidized bed hydrodynamics is a significant challenge that has to be tackled for increasing predictive accuracy. The distributor plate of a fluidized bed is typically modeled using a uniform inlet condition, when in reality the inlet is non-uniform inlet. The regions of bed mass that do not fluidize because of the non-uniform inlet conditions form deadzones and remain static between the jets. A new model based on the mass that contributes to the pressure drop is proposed to model a fluidized bed, and has been investigated for a cylindrical reactor for glass beads, ceramic single solids particles, and glass-ceramic, and ceramic-ceramic binary mixtures. The adjusted mass model was shown to accurately predict fluidization characteristics such as pressure drop and minimum fluidization velocity. The effectiveness of the adjusted mass model was further illustrated by applying it to fluidized beds containing coal, switchgrass, poplar wood, and cornstover biomass particles and coal-biomass binary mixtures. The adjusted mass model was further analyzed for bed expansion heights of different mixtures, and for solids distribution by analyzing the solids volume fraction. The effect of increasing the percent biomass in the mixture was also investigated. To further model the non-uniform inlet condition, two different distributor configurations with 5 and 9 jets was considered for a quasi-2D bed, and simulations were performed in both 2D and 3D. Fluidization characteristics and mixing of the bed were analyzed for the simulation. Furthermore, the deadzones formed due to multiple jet configurations of the distributor are quantified and their distributions over the plate were analyzed. / Ph. D.

O presente texto descreve um método experimental simples para comparar a eficiência de distribuidores de líquido empregados nas indústrias de tratamento de minérios em lavadores, classificadores e moinhos e nas indústrias de processos químicos. A técnica consiste basicamente em analisar a dispersão pelo desvio padrão da massa do líquido coletado em tubos verticais dispostos em arranjo quadrático colocados abaixo do distribuidor. Como exemplo de aplicação, empregouse para a coleta da massa de líquido uma unidade piloto, montada no Laboratório de Engenharia Química da Universidade Santa Cecília em Santos, com um banco de 21 tubos verticais de 52 mm de diâmetro interno e 800 mm de comprimento. Uma manta acrílica que não dispersa o líquido com 50 mm de espessura foi fixada entre o distribuidor e o banco de tubos para evitar respingos. Foram realizados ensaios com nove distribuidores do tipo espinha de peixe de 4 tubos paralelos cada, para uma coluna piloto com 400 mm de diâmetro. A literatura é discordante no que concerne aos parâmetros de projeto e eficiência destes distribuidores. Variaram-se o número (n) de orifícios (95, 127 e 159 furos/m2, 12, 16 e 20 furos por distribuidor) o diâmetro (d) dos orifícios (2, 3 e 4 mm) e as vazões de entrada indicadas por rotâmetro nos distribuidores (q) de 1,2; 1,4 e 1,6 m3/h. A melhor eficiência de espalhamento pelo menor desvio padrão (0,302) foi obtida com n de 159 furos/m2, d de 2 mm e q de 1,4 m3/h indicando as limitações dos parâmetros de projeto da literatura. A pressão (p), na entrada do distribuidor para esta condição, foi de apenas 0,51 kgf/cm2. A relação adimensional entre a área da seção do tubo de alimentação e a somatória da área dos furos foi de 5,81, a vazão volumétrica total por unidade de área da seção da coluna para esta melhor condição foi de 11,32 m3/(h.m2) e a velocidade média (v) em cada orifício foi de 6,31 m/s. Portanto, o método proposto permite comparar e quantificar a eficiência de distribuidores além de demonstrar a não validade de alguns parâmetros de projeto recomendados pela literatura. / The current text describes a simple experimental method in order to compare the efficiency of the liquid distributors applied at the ore treatment industries in washers, classifiers and mills as well as at the chemical processing industries. The technique basically consist of analyzing the dispersion through the standard deviation of the liquid mass which was collected in vertical pipes placed in a square way under the distributor. As an example of us usage, it has been applied a pilot scale for collecting the liquid mass, installed at the Santa Cecília Universitys Chemical Engineering Laboratory in Santos, with a setting of 21 vertical tubes measuring 52 mm in internal diameter and 800 mm in length. A 50 mm thick acrylic blanket was fixed between the distributor and the pipe setting in order to avoid splashes. Some experiments have been made with a ladder-tipe distributors containing 4 parallel tubes each, for a pilot column of 400 mm in diameter. The literature shows disagreement regarding the characteristics of the project and the efficiency of the distributors. The number of holes has varied (n) 95, 127 and 159 holes/m2; 12, 16 and 20 holes for distributor, the diameter of the holes (d) 2, 3 and 4 mm and the flow of entrance in the distributors (q) of 1,2; 1,4 and 1,6 m3/h. The best efficiency of splashing of the lowest deviation pattern (0,302) was achieved with n of 159 holes/m2, d of 2 mm and q of 1,4 m3/h showing the limitation of characteristics of the project literature. The pressure (p), for this condition in the distributor entrance, was only 0,51 kgf/cm2. The measuring relation between the area of the section of the feeding pipe and the addition of the area of the roles was 5,81, the total volume of the out flow for unit of the area of the column section for this better condition was 11,32 m3/(h m2) and the average speed (v), in each hole was 6,31 m/s. Finally, the indicated method permits the comparison and quantification of the efficiency of the distributors, besides showing that some of the project concepts are not valid and the literature does not recommend them.

O presente texto descreve um método experimental simples para comparar a eficiência de distribuidores de líquido empregados nas indústrias de tratamento de minérios em lavadores, classificadores e moinhos e nas indústrias de processos químicos. A técnica consiste basicamente em analisar a dispersão pelo desvio padrão da massa do líquido coletado em tubos verticais dispostos em arranjo quadrático colocados abaixo do distribuidor. Como exemplo de aplicação, empregouse para a coleta da massa de líquido uma unidade piloto, montada no Laboratório de Engenharia Química da Universidade Santa Cecília em Santos, com um banco de 21 tubos verticais de 52 mm de diâmetro interno e 800 mm de comprimento. Uma manta acrílica que não dispersa o líquido com 50 mm de espessura foi fixada entre o distribuidor e o banco de tubos para evitar respingos. Foram realizados ensaios com nove distribuidores do tipo espinha de peixe de 4 tubos paralelos cada, para uma coluna piloto com 400 mm de diâmetro. A literatura é discordante no que concerne aos parâmetros de projeto e eficiência destes distribuidores. Variaram-se o número (n) de orifícios (95, 127 e 159 furos/m2, 12, 16 e 20 furos por distribuidor) o diâmetro (d) dos orifícios (2, 3 e 4 mm) e as vazões de entrada indicadas por rotâmetro nos distribuidores (q) de 1,2; 1,4 e 1,6 m3/h. A melhor eficiência de espalhamento pelo menor desvio padrão (0,302) foi obtida com n de 159 furos/m2, d de 2 mm e q de 1,4 m3/h indicando as limitações dos parâmetros de projeto da literatura. A pressão (p), na entrada do distribuidor para esta condição, foi de apenas 0,51 kgf/cm2. A relação adimensional entre a área da seção do tubo de alimentação e a somatória da área dos furos foi de 5,81, a vazão volumétrica total por unidade de área da seção da coluna para esta melhor condição foi de 11,32 m3/(h.m2) e a velocidade média (v) em cada orifício foi de 6,31 m/s. Portanto, o método proposto permite comparar e quantificar a eficiência de distribuidores além de demonstrar a não validade de alguns parâmetros de projeto recomendados pela literatura. / The current text describes a simple experimental method in order to compare the efficiency of the liquid distributors applied at the ore treatment industries in washers, classifiers and mills as well as at the chemical processing industries. The technique basically consist of analyzing the dispersion through the standard deviation of the liquid mass which was collected in vertical pipes placed in a square way under the distributor. As an example of us usage, it has been applied a pilot scale for collecting the liquid mass, installed at the Santa Cecília Universitys Chemical Engineering Laboratory in Santos, with a setting of 21 vertical tubes measuring 52 mm in internal diameter and 800 mm in length. A 50 mm thick acrylic blanket was fixed between the distributor and the pipe setting in order to avoid splashes. Some experiments have been made with a ladder-tipe distributors containing 4 parallel tubes each, for a pilot column of 400 mm in diameter. The literature shows disagreement regarding the characteristics of the project and the efficiency of the distributors. The number of holes has varied (n) 95, 127 and 159 holes/m2; 12, 16 and 20 holes for distributor, the diameter of the holes (d) 2, 3 and 4 mm and the flow of entrance in the distributors (q) of 1,2; 1,4 and 1,6 m3/h. The best efficiency of splashing of the lowest deviation pattern (0,302) was achieved with n of 159 holes/m2, d of 2 mm and q of 1,4 m3/h showing the limitation of characteristics of the project literature. The pressure (p), for this condition in the distributor entrance, was only 0,51 kgf/cm2. The measuring relation between the area of the section of the feeding pipe and the addition of the area of the roles was 5,81, the total volume of the out flow for unit of the area of the column section for this better condition was 11,32 m3/(h m2) and the average speed (v), in each hole was 6,31 m/s. Finally, the indicated method permits the comparison and quantification of the efficiency of the distributors, besides showing that some of the project concepts are not valid and the literature does not recommend them.

The aim of this diploma thesis is the analysis of private labels and the consumer perception of private labels. The theoretical part is focused on brands, brand management, private labels and development at the world and the czech market. The practical part deals with research private label products and research among consumers. Based on the analysis, recommendations suggest retail chains to increase the share of private labels in total sales.

Nowadays, IT technology changes rapidly and increasingly .The Global Competition makes the product life short and profit low ,which results in the enterprises competition advantage major relied on Supply Chain Management for Global Logistics Activities. Under the structure of WTO (World Trade Organization), the world is flat; Global Enterprises Operation is deeply related to the SCM (Supply Chain Management). Outsourcing becomes the key way for enterprises operation, which integrates the industries Upper, Middle and Lower stream together, including ¡§Strategic Alliance¡¨ to collaborate with same and different industries to strengthen the competitive ability. The Business Model of Taiwan IT industry is major for OEM/ ODM Manufacturing. To have low cost making, quick response on new product development for time to the market is a must, in which ¡§ IC Distributors¡¨ contribute a lot in IC Components Supplying, Planning, Execution, Management and VMI to make IC Components delivered on time without any shortage to Taiwan-based Customers for OEM/ODM Manufacturing. It is the key Successful Factor to Taiwan IT industry. How to make the enterprises continuous going and make the ¡§Strategic Alliance¡¨ successfully is the cause and objective of the thesis study. It is for researching the applicable ¡§New Business Model¡¨ to adapt it to the Global Enterprise Operational Management. The case study of¡¨ Strategic Alliance and Supply Chain Integration for Taiwan IC Distributor¡¨ is a ¡§New Business Model¡¨, which makes Taiwan IC Distributors globalization efficiently and effectively to provide ¡§System Total Solution¡¨ with ¡§Resource Integration¡¨ supplying activities to assist Taiwan IT manufacturers to get the OEM/ODM Business successfully from the beginning stage of ¡§Design-in¡¨ to the¡¨ Mass Production.¡¨

Det blir idag allt vanligare att hyra logi via alternativa logidistributörer däribland Airbnb. Airbnb är ett webbcommunity som distribuerar boende för resenärer genom att på sin hemsida låta privatpersoner hyra ut sina egna bostäder. Syftet med denna studie är att kartlägga de faktorer som motiverar resenärer att välja logi genom Airbnb och vi ämnar i denna studie ta reda på detta genom att genomföra ett antal kvalitativa intervjuer. Intervjuerna fokuserar på respondenternas egna upplevelser som sedan analyseras. Intim turism, mänsklig motivation och P2P-resande är några av de teorier som uppsatsen berör. Genom analysen av det empiriska materialet har ett antal motivationsfaktorer identifierats som förklarar varför resenärer har valt att hyra logi via Airbnb framför andra logialternativ. Den primära motivationsfaktorn identifieras som den kulturella, då respondenterna upplever att de genom Airbnb får möjligheten att uppleva nya kulturer samt införskaffa sig ny kulturell kunskap. Sociala faktorer som exempelvis recensioner och betygssystem samt ekonomiska faktorer som pris spelar även in i valet av logidistributör. / It is today more common to rent accommodation through alternative accomodation distributors such as Airbnb. Airbnb is an online community that distributes accommodation for travelers through their website allowing individuals to rent their own housing. The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors that motivate travelers to choose accommodations through Airbnb, by conducting a number of qualitative interviews. The interviews focuses on the respondents' own stories which are being analyzed. Intimate tourism, human motivation and P2P traveling are some of the theories that are used in this paper. In the analysis of the empirical material, a number of motivational factors are identified that explain why travelers have chosen to rent accommodation through Airbnb over other lodging options. The primary motivation factor is identified as cultural, as the respondents feel that they through Airbnb get the opportunity to experience new cultures and acquiring new cultural knowledge. Social factors such as reviews and grading systems, as well as economic factors such as price also plays into the choice of accommodation distributor.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-04-25T15:43:12Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Larissa Juliana Patrocínio da Silva - 2017.pdf: 1537272 bytes, checksum: c1fc2b7ec4303e9dd7265a84ef53bc5e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-04-25T15:43:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Larissa Juliana Patrocínio da Silva - 2017.pdf: 1537272 bytes, checksum: c1fc2b7ec4303e9dd7265a84ef53bc5e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-25T15:43:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Larissa Juliana Patrocínio da Silva - 2017.pdf: 1537272 bytes, checksum: c1fc2b7ec4303e9dd7265a84ef53bc5e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-08 / To ensure the quality of the medicines that come from the supplier and go to clients, the distributors must check the quality of these at the time of receipt. At the conference during the receipt of medicines by the distributors, it is necessary to verify that the physical products correspond to those of the invoice of purchase and the conditions of transport, to see if there are damaged medicines. Not all medications received from suppliers by the distributor are in compliance. Some have problems, referred to in this study as Technical Deviations, so these medicines can not and should not be passed on to customers and must be identified as soon as possible and returned to the supplier. Technical deviations are conditions presented by the products that during the manufacturing, transportation or storage process deviated from the quality parameters established by ANVISA. But distributors face difficulties in performing reverse logistics, since some suppliers use the power of the brand and create obstacles and bureaucracy for this return, and also sometimes do not want to have extra costs, locking Processes and causing losses to the distributor. The present study aimed to identify, categorize and quantify technical and financial aspects of the deviations that generate returns in a medicine distributor. First, the work brings a theoretical reference and to achieve the objective of the study, a case study and documentary analysis of records was carried out at a medicine distributor. The Distributor provided the records of technical deviations made in the period of 2014 and 2015. Through the documentary analysis, a spreadsheet with the types of technical deviations and product name, quantity, class, lot, laboratory, price and expiration. Through the analysis were identified and characterized all the reasons why deviations were considered and generated devolution. Seven technical deviations were found: defect, lack, surplus, short validity, batch divergence, product exchange and packaging error from which its characteristics were presented. The total amount of loss found for the Distributor surveyed was R$ 914.864,57 in the studied period. A ranking of the suppliers with the highest number of registrations was presented and a Check-list for distributor of medicines identifies possible technical deviations. / Para garantir a qualidade dos medicamentos que vem do fornecedor e vão para clientes, as distribuidoras precisam conferir a qualidade destes no ato do recebimento. Na conferência durante o recebimento de medicamentos pelas distribuidoras é preciso verificar se os produtos físicos correspondem aos da nota fiscal de compra e também as condições de transporte, para ver se há medicamentos danificados. Nem todos medicamentos recebidos dos fornecedores pela distribuidora estão em conformidade. Alguns possuem problemas, denominados neste estudo como desvios técnicos, desse modo, estes medicamentos não podem e não devem ser repassados aos clientes devendo ser identificados o quanto antes e devolvidos ao fornecedor. Desvios técnicos são condições apresentadas pelos produtos que durante o processo de fabricação, transporte ou armazenamento se afastaram dos parâmetros de qualidade estabelecidos pela ANVISA. Mas as distribuidoras enfrentam dificuldades em realizar a logística reversa, pois alguns fornecedores, já que possuem grande volume de vendas e criam empecilhos e burocracia para esta devolução, e também às vezes não querem ter custos a mais, travando processos e trazendo prejuízos para a distribuidora. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo identificar, categorizar e quantificar em relação aos aspectos técnicos e financeiros os desvios que geram devoluções em uma distribuidora de medicamentos. Primeiramente, o trabalho traz um referencial teórico a respeito do tema e para atingir o objetivo do trabalho foi realizado um estudo de caso e análise documental de registros em uma distribuidora de medicamentos. A Distribuidora forneceu os registros de desvios técnicos realizados no período de 2014 e 2015. Através da análise documental foi criada uma planilha com os tipos de desvios técnicos, nome do produto, quantidade, classe, lote, laboratório, preço e validade. Por meio da análise foram identificados e caracterizados todos os motivos pelos quais foram considerados desvios e geraram devolução. Foram encontrados sete desvios técnicos: avaria, falta, excedente, validade curta, divergência de lote, troca de produto e erro de embalagem dos quais foram apresentadas suas características. O valor total encontrado de prejuízo para a Distribuidora pesquisada foi R$914.864,57 no período estudado. Foi apresentado um ranking dos fornecedores com maior número de registros e um Check-list para que a distribuidora de medicamentos possam identificar possíveis Desvios Técnicos.