In a context characterised by the shift from fordism to post-fordism in the Iberian peninsula, this thesis addresses the following question how are capital, governments and social movements organised in the processes of integration and resistance that affect foreign immigration' in Barcelona and Lisbon? Thus, in the first chapter, an analysis of the concept of "integration" is undertaken in order to understand the complexities and elusiveness that hide behind it, giving special attention to immigrants' integration literature. A distinction between systemic integration and social integration is adopted, and thus in the second chapter recent theorisation on capital and the state (i. e. systemic institutions) is approached, while in the third chapter social movements and organisations are taken into account. In chapter four epistemological and methodological elements are noted. The last three chapters are devoted to analyse original fieldwork data (mainly qualitative interviews): chapter 6 analyses immigration governmental policies at European, 'national-state', 'national-regional', and local levels; chapter 7 studies social and capital organisations in Barcelona in relation to 'foreign immigration'; and in chapter 8 social and capital organisations are studied in relation to 'foreign immigration' in Lisbon. Finally, some conclusions are revealed whilst other questions are posed.

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

The aim of the study was to find out the relationship between the DP and the tensile properties of different regenerated cellulose fibers. During the process to make regenerated cellulose fibers from wood, the reduction in DP of cellulose is a necessary process to enable fiber extrusion. The reduction of the DP is usually from 1000 to 350 (Coley 1953). The reduction in DP is necessary, first to make the cellulose soluble, and then further decrease in DP is required to control the viscosity of the solution to minimize the mechanical difficulties during processing faced. It is a fact that the reduction in DP is a compromise which is necessary, as reduction in DP means reduction in tensile properties of the fiber produced. The reduction in DP is optimized to make the process both processing and the final product more feasible. The relation in DP and the strength of the fibers is rather obvious i.e. higher the DP higher the tensile strength, but researchers have different views regarding the relationship. By the experiments performed by us we tried to come to a conclusion regarding the difference in opinions. Different types of regenerated cellulose fibers were collected from various sources. Both wet and dry tenacities of 19 different viscose, bamboo viscose, kupro viscose, modal and Tencel fibers were determined. The fiber linear density was also measured, but for some samples we had to take the fiber density value as provided by the manufacturer, due to the limitation of the instrument regarding the fiber length and low fiber linear density. Then out of all the samples 10 were selected (based on our and company’s interest). SEC analysis was used to determine the DP of the samples. These tests were not carried out by us but by MoRe Research. The results of both the analysis were gathered, analyzed and commented upon. / Program: Master Programme in Textile Technology

Atualmente, no setor de máquinas agrícolas o uso de aços de alta resistência está começando a ganhar espaço e cada vez mais lembrado nos projetos estruturais; para atender as necessidades citadas acima e também para redução de emissão de poluentes. A utilização dos aços de alta resistência na indústria de implementos agrícolas está focada nos aços DP (Dual Phase), sendo este o objeto de estudo desta presente pesquisa. Este trabalho visa analisar o comportamento mecânico, priorizando a análise de resistência à fadiga em flexão de uniões soldadas através do processo de soldagem de metal de gás ativo (GMAW) utilizando dois tipos de arames como material de adição. Neste estudo foram utilizadas chapas metálicas de aços de alta resistência da marca DOCOL 1000 fabricado pela SSAB e os arames de adição fornecidos pela ESAB, sendo um usado largamente na indústria de maquinas agrícolas e o outro um fio especial desenvolvido para soldagem de aços de alta resistência e baixa liga. O processo de solda robotizada foi adotado para assegurar a homogeneidade dos cordões das juntas durante a obtenção das amostras. Para a análise das características mecânicas das amostras foi realizado o ensaio de flexão estático, caracterização macroestrutural, perfil de microdureza e ensaios de fadiga de flexão em quatro pontos. Os resultados mostraram que a vida em fadiga, por flexão em quatro pontos, nas juntas soldadas com o material de adição para aço carbono comum obteve uma melhor resposta em relação ao material de adição especial para soldagem de aços de alta resistência, porém pode-se verificar que ambas as curvas de fadiga respeitaram a curva de projeto conforme norma. / Nowadays, in the agricultural industry the use of high strength steels is being used each day more and more as well and increasingly coming in our mind in structural designs, to meet the requirements mentioned above and also to reduce the emission of pollutants. The highstrength steels application in the agricultural machinery industry is focused on the DP steels (Dual Phase), which is the subject of this present study. The focus of this work is analyze the mechanical behavior, prioritizing the deflection fatigue strength analysis on welded joints by Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) process using two welding wire types. In this study it was used high strength steels sheet metal called DOCOL 1000, manufactured by SSAB and solder wires supplied by ESAB, and one widely used in the agricultural machinery industry for carbon steel welding and other a special wire developed for high strength. The robotic welding process was used to ensure the homogeneity of the weld bead on the samples manufacture process. For the mechanical characteristics analysis was done the static bending test, macrography, microhardness profile and deflection fatigue tests by four points. The results showed that the fatigue life, four-point bending, at welded joint used welding wire to carbon steel achieved a better result regarding a special welding wire to high strength steel, however, both fatigue curve respected project curve as British Standard.

La simulation de structures industrielles complexes comportant des détails structuraux conduit à des modèles éléments finis de très grande taille. Pour traiter ce type de problème, une méthode de décomposition de domaine FETI-DP est adoptée dans ce travail. L'étude concerne un navire à passagers, dont l'architecture présente un découpage naturel en sousstructures. Les performances de ces méthodes sont très dépendantes de celles de son solveur, basé sur une méthode itérative de type gradient conjugué. Il faut donc disposer de préconditionneurs efficaces, ce qui est délicat pour des structures hétérogènes constituées par des assemblages tridimensionnels de plaques et de raidisseurs. Une méthode est donc développée tenant compte de la raideur locale d'interface des sous domaines, pour accélérer la vitesse de convergence. Dans une deuxième partie, l'objectif est d'optimiser le temps de calcul de la structure. La méthode précédente est alors améliorée avec une version multiéchelle, et deux niveaux de discrétisation des sous domaines. Les zones d'intérêt sont représentées par des sous domaines maillés finement, alors que toutes les autres sont décrites de façon macroscopique avec seulement les nœuds grossiers de l'approche FETI-DP. L'utilisation de sous domaines macroscopiques soulève le problème de la détermination de leur raideur (par homogénéisation numérique), et de leur raccord avec les sous domaines microscopiques. Deux approches différentes sont proposées, de type collocation et Mortar. Elles sont validées sur des cas simples et illustrés à travers différents exemples.

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A literature survey on modelling of the resistance spot welding process has been carried out and some of the more interesting models on this subject have been reviewed in this work. The underlying physics has been studied and a brief explanation of Heat transfer, electrokinetics and metallurgy in a resistance spot welding context have been presented.\nl\hsLastly a state of the art model and a simplified model, with implementation in the FEM software LS-DYNA in mind, have been presented.

The St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre (1572) and the Sack of Antwerp (1576), two of the most notorious massacres of the 1570s, were of international consequence in a confessionally-divided Europe. This thesis offers a comparative analysis of the Elizabethan political and print responses to both atrocities, evaluating to what extent and in what ways each shaped the increasingly Protestant political character of the period. It compares strands of argument aired by Elizabethan councillors, courtiers, military commanders and clerics, in contrast with the content of contemporary news pamphlets, to establish whether there was any overlap between the parameters of political debate and topical print. It investigates whether, and on what occasions, statesmen or figures associated with the court may have sought to confessionalise public opinion via the production of printed news. Analysing often overlooked printed sources, the thesis focuses on aspects of content and contexts of production. It considers the kinds of comment expressed on the massacres per se and in relation to: the nature of the wars in France and the Low Countries; Elizabeth’s foreign and domestic agendas; the compound significance of her gender, the unresolved succession and her realm's vulnerability to foreign invasion; and providential discourses concerning God’s favour and protection. These lines of enquiry throw up some insights into changing English attitudes towards the Catholic crowns of France and Spain and key figures abroad. Finally, the thesis reaches some broader conclusions regarding the development of an increasingly militant Anglo-Protestant nationalism in the mid-Elizabethan period.

On 11 September 1936 a Times editorial made reference to the 'clamourous partisanship' that had been brought about by the civil war in Spain. In literature since the war this polarisation of opinion has been central to representations of British responses to the conflict. Much attention has focused on the divergent British political responses, and particularly on those of the left, responses which became increasingly bitter as Spain became a 'distorting mirror in which Europe[could] see an exaggerated reflection of her own divisions'. Yet, as The Times editorial continued at the time, in spite of all 'incitements the great mass of public opinion (remained) firmly opposed to any taking of sides. This public resistance to the 'clamourous' efforts of supporters of the Republic or advocates of the Nationalists has been noted in subsequent literature but has not been explored in any depth, explanation generally centring around the policy of appeasement. While not ignoring such explanations, this study argues that the imagery and language employed in the various contemporary interpretations of events played a significant part in distancing events. The study, then, aims to add a cultural perspective to the more widely examined political understanding of British responses to Spain during the 1930s. Through an analysis of representations in mass culture, and through an examination of the experiences of the growing numbers of British visitors to the Peninsula, the study first seeks to identify the expectations of Spain and the Spanish people most commonly held in Britain of the 1930s. It then goes on to examine how, during the life of the Republic and especially throughout the Civil War, supporters of both sides, in every form of mass media available, repeatedly referred to this framework of preconceived notions as they endeavoured to interpret issues and events for their British audiences. Particular attention is given to differing portrayals of the Spanish political scene and the Catholic Church, to the representations of the two sides and what they reportedly stood for. Finally, by looking at reactions to events in the Basque provinces, examining responses to humanitarian aid appeals and once again assessing the attitudes found in fictional representations of the war the study offers some measure of the impact of the war on the wider British public.