En el presente documento de tesis se detalla todo el trabajo de investigación para la edificación de un Centro Comunitario de deporte en el distrito de Chorrillos con el objetivo de beneficiar a los futuros y actuales deportistas juveniles de la zona. En el capítulo I se define el tema de tesis presentando la tipología, paquetes funcionales, evolución tipológica y determinación del lugar. En el capítulo II, se presenta la justificación del tema de tesis presentando datos estadísticos y poblacionales. En el capítulo III, se presentan la técnicas y procedimientos de investigación previas a su análisis. En el capítulo IV, se da a conocer las hipótesis principales y secundarias. En el capítulo V, se presenta el análisis de modelos no arquitectónicos de centro de desarrollo comunitario y el análisis de tres textos sobre tipología y énfasis en los aspectos de ubicación, forma, función y tecnología. En el capítulo VI se muestra el análisis de proyectos referenciales en base a la tipología y el énfasis escogido. Y, por último, en el capítulo VII se presentan las conclusiones el análisis de proyectos referenciales de tipología y énfasis en contrate con el análisis de los textos respectivamente. / This thesis document details all the research work for the construction of a Community Center for sports in the district of Chorrillos with the aim of benefiting future and current youth athletes in the area. In chapter I the thesis topic is defined by presenting the typology, functional packages, typological evolution and determination of the place. In chapter II, the justification of the thesis topic is presented, presenting statistical and population data. In chapter III, the investigation techniques and procedures prior to their analysis are presented. In Chapter IV, the main and secondary hypotheses are disclosed. In chapter V, the analysis of non-architectural models of a community development center and the analysis of three texts on typology and emphasis on the aspects of location, form, function and technology are presented. Chapter VI shows the analysis of referential projects based on the typology and chosen emphasis. And finally, in chapter VII the conclusions are presented, the analysis of referential projects of typology and emphasis in contrast with the analysis of the texts respectively. / Trabajo de investigación

These thesis present an analysis of the status and trends in the selection of social security in the context of public finance reform and social policy. The aim is to analyze the development of the collection of premiums in the period 2007-2010 in connection with the reform of public finances, to define the role of factors having a substantial impact on the collection of premiums and to explore the attitudes of individual actors to legislative changes in social security. The starting point for the work is the concept of the state and its economic function and solidarity, which are provided through the instruments of economic and social policy. The parts of the foundations are the social rights and the theory of redistribution. Equally important starting point is the concept of bureaucracy, which is the theoretical basis for the institutional arrangements and management of social insurance. The research is devoted to the analysis of events and analysis on the underlying attitudes of the actors, but also for planned maintenance work in the field of social security. The analysis further factors have a significant impact on the indicators and the collection of social insurance. On the basis of the analysis are formulated conclusions and recommendations for decision-making on the future direction of...

The diploma thesis deals with the design of a fixture for a robotic arm used for manipulating noise and heat insulators employed in the automotive industry. The main objective is the design and the selection of components to meet the requirements imposed on the product. Further, design and control calculations of the components with operational information are reviewed. In the last chapter the thickness, the draft and the radius analysis of the molding with a description of the measurement is stated. Finally, the mechanical properties of the fixture frame were checked by the finite element method.

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To farm more sustainably, some farmers are rediscovering and innovating knowledge, skills, and technologies that were used before the modernisation of agriculture in the 1950s. One such 'retro-innovation' is the use of draft animals as a source of labour on farms. As modern farming and agronomy pay little attention to 'retro-innovations', not much is known about why and how farmers reintroduce draft animals on their farms. Therefore, the potential of draft power to contribute to the sustainable development of agriculture also remains unclear.   To fill this gap, this study uses interviews and participant observation with seven draft animals’ farmers in Northern Italy. Results indicate that these farmers are organic small-scale farmers using both draft animals and tractors. Engaging in multiple farming activities is an important aspect of these farms. Although draft animals are primarily used in vegetable growing, they can, among others, be involved in logging, marketing the farm production, and used for horse-riding. Their reintroduction as source of labour aligns with the so-called “peasant logic” to farming. This style of farming is reflected in farmers’ craftsmanship, co-production, and autonomy, and the use of draft animals as a skill-oriented technology. Farmers engaged in a peasant style of farming use draft animals as: (1) a technology to increase the farm autonomy and sustainability; (2) work companions with whom they collaborate and develop a strong relationship; and (3) a retro-innovation that is motivated by their self-perception as local stewards.   The study indicates that the relationship between farmers and their draft animals is the most rewarding aspect of animal traction, confirming the meaningful role of non-humans in farm practices and emphasising the central role animals can take in a peasant logic of farming. Future research should continue exploring the role of retro-innovation and of relationships between humans and non-humans for sustainable agricultural development.

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This dissertation is a case study of a public policy decision, the decision to shift the military manpower policy of the United States from conscription to a policy of complete volunteerism--the all-volunteer force. The case study approach is largely historical and is concentrated on the turbulent period between 1965, when the United States' combat role in South Vietnam escalated sharply, and 1973, the year of American withdrawal from the war and the last Selective Service System draft call. A brief history of the military manpower policy of the United States is outlined in order to set the case study period within the proper context and to permit a fuller understanding and appreciation of the policy decision. In order that the case study may have potential application to the study of other public policy decisions, a theoretical model for changes in public policy-making is developed based on the research of public policy-making theorists. This model, which is largely adapted from the theoretical work of ~he Agenda-Building Theorists, is compared to the events and inter-actions of key players in the case study. Although conclusions about a wider applicability of the model is not possible, it can be concluded that the theoretical model does fit the events and circumstances contained in the case study. In addition to attempting to derive a working theoretical model of change in public policy-making, a secondary purpose of the research is to address the nonnative aspects of the shift in policy from conscription to volunteerism. Based on the pattern of American military manpower policy, it appears that Anglo-Saxon liberalism, rooted in the freedom of the individual, is an extremely strong strain in American thinking, and that the relatively long period of conscription in the United States after World War II was an anomaly in the history of American military manpower policies. / Ph. D.

"This paper is therefore inspired to look at education with respect to girl children in Africa. This paper, by drawing inspriation from other settings, is also motivated by the need to find solutions on how best the rights of the girl child can be protected in conjuction with the educational policy of African countries. ... The study is divided into six chapters. Chapter one provides the context in which the study is set, the objectives of the study and its importance. Chapter two examines the importance of the right to education and in education and takes note of the issue of discrimination with respect to girl child education in Africa. In chapter three various international treaties that concern provisions on education and the discrimination factor as to gender are identified. Also in the international milieu, the role of international bodies in the effective and efficient insurance of girl child education is included. Chapter four examines on a regional level, the extent to which the African Commission has effectively monitored the provision of the African Chater. The African Children's Charter and the Draft Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights on the Rights of Women (the Draft Women's Protocol) in Africa are also discussed in relation to provisions in the African Charter and work done on girl child education by the African Commission. In this chapter, a comparative study is also done of instruments and the implementation mechanisms offered by the Inter-American and European systems to the African human rights system in terms of the girl child education. This is so because in terms of experience, jurisprudence and institutions, these systems are considered to be more advanced than the African human rights sytem. Finally chapter five discusses girl child education on a national level in Africa. This chapter focuses on the experiences of South Africa, Egypt and Cameroon. Educational policy and other national legislative instruments such as the constitutions of these countries are included. In the conclusion, the paper puts forward recommendations to assist new and old African democracies in advancing an administrative and political approach to the issue of discrimination with respect to girl child education." -- Chapter 1. / Prepared under the supervision of Dr. Enid Hill at the Department of Political Sciences, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, The American University in Cairo, Egypt / http://www.chr.up.ac.za/academic_pro/llm1/dissertations.html / Centre for Human Rights / LLM

This study investigates the interaction between freedom and limitation as applied to political expression and hate speech. The need for the limitation of hate speech, with its inherent risk of escalation into other serious crimes such as genocide, is established. The view of the South African courts is identified as pro-limitation but generally respectful of the right to freedom of expression. A lacuna in current constitutional law, common law and legislative remedies is evident and the various ways in which limitation can be effected are explored; the researcher finds for criminalisation as an effective measure to address this lacuna in hate speech regulation. The importance of complying with the international call for the criminalisation of hate speech is analysed. Insight is gained regarding what would be an effective model for criminalisation. Here lessons are taken from foreign comparatives that have successfully criminalised hate speech in the context of their cultural identity, history and social needs. Ultimately, a framework for effective hate speech criminalisation in South Africa is formulated. / Constitutional, International & Indigenous Law / LL.M

Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This assignment provides a description of the cognitive, social and emotional developmental tasks of adolescence. In addition a summary of the most prevalent social, emotional and behavioural problems reported during this developmental phase is provided. With this information as a context, a school-based, curricula-integrated prevention programme is then introduced as a possible tool to facilitate the development of positive mental health among adolescents. The programme discussed, namely Programme Achieve (2nd ed.) by Dr. M.E. Bernard of California State University, is unique in its aim to both enhance academic achievement and social-emotional well-being. Programme Achieve (2nd ed.) is based on Bloom's school learning theory, rational-emotive therapy and rationalemotive education and various cognitive-behavioural and socialleaming research findings. With its sound theoretical and research base Programme Achieve (2nd ed.) offers students the opportunity to learn a mindset that will help them develop their full academic, emotional and interpersonal potential. Within the South African "Draft Revised National Curriculum Statement" (2001), provision is made for lessons pertaining to the students' personal development. In response to this, the author explores the suitability of Programme Achieve (2nd ed.) as a means to attain the specific Learner Outcomes and Assessment Standards as specified in the "Draft Revised National Curriculum Statement" (2001). / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die werkstuk gee 'n beskrywing van die kognitiewe, sosiale en emosionele ontwikkelingstake kenmerkend van adolessensie. Verder word 'n oorsig gegee van die belangrikste sosiale, emosionele en gedragsprobleme, kenmerkend van hierdie ontwikkelingsfase. Teen hierdie teoretiese agtergrond word 'n skool-uitkoms, kurrikula-geïntegreerde voorkomingsprogram voorgestel as 'n moontlike hulpmiddelom die ontwikkeling van geestesgesondheid onder adolessente te fasiliteer. Programme Achieve (2de ed.) is uniek in sy doelwit om akademiese prestasie sowel as sosiale-emosionele welsyn te bevorder. Programme Achieve (2de ed.) is gebaseer op Bloom se skoolleer teorie, rasioneel-emosionele terapie en rasioneel-emosionele onderrig en verskeie ander kognitiewe gedrags- en sosiale-leer navorsingsbevindinge. Programme Achieve (2de ed.), met sy stewige teoretiese en navorsingsbasis, gee leerders die geleentheid om 'n denkpatroon aan te leer wat hul sal help om hulle volle akademiese, emosionele en interpersoonlike potensiaal te bereik. Voorsiening word in die Suid Afrikaanse "Draft Revised National Curriculum Statement" (200 1) gemaak vir onderrig ten opsigte van leerders se persoonlike ontwikkeling. Met verwysing hierna, word die toepaslikheid van Programme Achieve (2de ed.) ondersoek as 'n middelom spesifieke Leerder-Uitkomste en Evalueringstandaarde, soos vervat in die "Draft Revised National Curriculum Statement" (200 1), te bereik.