A humanidade passa por um intenso momento de transformações sociais, na qual se valoriza a interpretação de fenômenos, a criatividade e o pensamento crítico. Neste sentido, o ensino das ciências da natureza pode contribuir na formação dos cidadãos. Entretanto, no cotidiano escolar prevalece a compartimentalização das disciplinas, o que pode prejudicar tanto no entendimento sistêmico dos fenômenos, quanto na percepção das relações de influências dos seus pormenores. A busca pela alfabetização científica através de ferramentas de visualização (mapas conceituais), pode ser uma alternativa para essa modificar este cenário educacional. O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar os conhecimentos e descrever os ingressantes da Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanindades (EACH), em relação ao tema \"Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade\" e suas relações de influência. Para tal, foi realizado um estudo de caso exploratório-descritivo, a partir de mapas conceituais semi-estruturados (MCs). Os 53 MCs foram coletados na 5ª semana do Ciclo Básico da EACH, na disciplina do ACH 0011, ministrada no 1º semestre de 2009. Foram realizadas as seguintes análises: (1) \"semântica\", na qual todas as proposições (n = 683) foram categorizadas pelo consenso entre três especialistas em ensino de ciências, com o objetivo entender as intenções de significado dos mapeadores, na tentativa de responder a questão focal do MC; (2) \"estrutural\", na qual observou-se a complexidade da rede proposicional do MC, seguindo os parâmetros \"Densidade Proposicional\" (DP), \"Conceitos Iniciais com Múltiplas proposições\"(CIM) e \"Conceitos Finais com Múltiplas proposições\"(CFM), fundamental para agrupar os MCs para subsequentes comparações; (3) \"frequência das categorias dos grupos de maior e menor complexidade estrutural\", com o intuito de verificar a influência da estrutura dos MCs na intenção semântica das proposições; (4) \"conceitual das proposições da categoria \'Natureza da ciência\' dos grupos de maior e menor complexidade estrutural\", a fim de averiguar os conceitos mais utilizados em ambos os grupos. Os resultados indicaram o caráter multidisciplinar não transversal da educação básica brasileira ao evidenciar a preponderância da categoria \"Natureza da ciência\". Mostraram, também, não haver relação imediata entre a complexidade da estrutura dos MCs e as intenções semânticas das suas proposições. Ressalta-se que os procedimentos utilizados configuram-se como interessantes estratégias para o uso cotidiano nas salas de aula. Esta dissertação permitirá aos docentes da EACH obter maiores informações sobre os conhecimentos prévios dos seus ingressantes. / Humanity is passing through an intense momentum of social transformations, which are valued phenomenon\'s interpretation, creativity and critical thinking. At this sense, the teaching of Natural Sciences can contribute to citizens\' formation. However, inside the academic quotidian the compartmentalization of subjects remains, which can affect both the systemic understanding of the phenomenon, and the perception of influences\' relations and its details. The goal of scientific literacy through visual tools (concept maps) can be an alternative to modify this backward educational pattern. The objective of this research is to analyze the knowledge and describe the freshmen of Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades (EACH), upon the theme \"Science, Technology and Society\" and its relations of influence. For that, there were performed an exploratory and descriptive case study from semi structured concept maps (CMs). The 53 CMs had been collected at the 5th week of the Basic Cycle of the EACH, in the subject ACH 0011 given at the 1st semester of 2009. It has been realized according to the following analysis: (1) \"semantic\", in which all the proposals (n = 683) had been categorized according to a consensus among three specialists in the teaching of science, with the objective to understand the mappers intentions meanings, in an attempt to answer the main question of the CM; (2) \"structural\", in which has been observed the complexity of the propositional network from the CM, according to parameters such as \"Propositional Density\" (PD), \"Initial Concepts with Multiple propositions\" (ICM) and \"Final Concepts with Multiple propositions\" (FCM), fundamental to cluster the CMs for subsequent comparisons; (3) \"frequency of the categories of groups with more and less structural complexity\", with the intention of identifying the influence of the CMs structures in the semantic intention of the propositions; (4) \"conceptual of the \'Natural Sciences\' category propositions of the groups with more and less structural complexity\", with the intention of ascertaining the most used concepts in both groups. The results indicated the multidisciplinary not crossed character of Brazilian basic education by pointing the preponderance of the category \"Nature of science\". It has also showed no immediate relationship between the complexity of the structure of the CMs and the semantic intentions of its propositions. It should be noticed that the procedures used are configured as interesting strategies for the everyday use in classroom. This essay will allow the teachers of EACH to obtain more information upon prior knowledge of their freshmen.

A humanidade passa por um intenso momento de transformações sociais, na qual se valoriza a interpretação de fenômenos, a criatividade e o pensamento crítico. Neste sentido, o ensino das ciências da natureza pode contribuir na formação dos cidadãos. Entretanto, no cotidiano escolar prevalece a compartimentalização das disciplinas, o que pode prejudicar tanto no entendimento sistêmico dos fenômenos, quanto na percepção das relações de influências dos seus pormenores. A busca pela alfabetização científica através de ferramentas de visualização (mapas conceituais), pode ser uma alternativa para essa modificar este cenário educacional. O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar os conhecimentos e descrever os ingressantes da Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanindades (EACH), em relação ao tema \"Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade\" e suas relações de influência. Para tal, foi realizado um estudo de caso exploratório-descritivo, a partir de mapas conceituais semi-estruturados (MCs). Os 53 MCs foram coletados na 5ª semana do Ciclo Básico da EACH, na disciplina do ACH 0011, ministrada no 1º semestre de 2009. Foram realizadas as seguintes análises: (1) \"semântica\", na qual todas as proposições (n = 683) foram categorizadas pelo consenso entre três especialistas em ensino de ciências, com o objetivo entender as intenções de significado dos mapeadores, na tentativa de responder a questão focal do MC; (2) \"estrutural\", na qual observou-se a complexidade da rede proposicional do MC, seguindo os parâmetros \"Densidade Proposicional\" (DP), \"Conceitos Iniciais com Múltiplas proposições\"(CIM) e \"Conceitos Finais com Múltiplas proposições\"(CFM), fundamental para agrupar os MCs para subsequentes comparações; (3) \"frequência das categorias dos grupos de maior e menor complexidade estrutural\", com o intuito de verificar a influência da estrutura dos MCs na intenção semântica das proposições; (4) \"conceitual das proposições da categoria \'Natureza da ciência\' dos grupos de maior e menor complexidade estrutural\", a fim de averiguar os conceitos mais utilizados em ambos os grupos. Os resultados indicaram o caráter multidisciplinar não transversal da educação básica brasileira ao evidenciar a preponderância da categoria \"Natureza da ciência\". Mostraram, também, não haver relação imediata entre a complexidade da estrutura dos MCs e as intenções semânticas das suas proposições. Ressalta-se que os procedimentos utilizados configuram-se como interessantes estratégias para o uso cotidiano nas salas de aula. Esta dissertação permitirá aos docentes da EACH obter maiores informações sobre os conhecimentos prévios dos seus ingressantes. / Humanity is passing through an intense momentum of social transformations, which are valued phenomenon\'s interpretation, creativity and critical thinking. At this sense, the teaching of Natural Sciences can contribute to citizens\' formation. However, inside the academic quotidian the compartmentalization of subjects remains, which can affect both the systemic understanding of the phenomenon, and the perception of influences\' relations and its details. The goal of scientific literacy through visual tools (concept maps) can be an alternative to modify this backward educational pattern. The objective of this research is to analyze the knowledge and describe the freshmen of Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades (EACH), upon the theme \"Science, Technology and Society\" and its relations of influence. For that, there were performed an exploratory and descriptive case study from semi structured concept maps (CMs). The 53 CMs had been collected at the 5th week of the Basic Cycle of the EACH, in the subject ACH 0011 given at the 1st semester of 2009. It has been realized according to the following analysis: (1) \"semantic\", in which all the proposals (n = 683) had been categorized according to a consensus among three specialists in the teaching of science, with the objective to understand the mappers intentions meanings, in an attempt to answer the main question of the CM; (2) \"structural\", in which has been observed the complexity of the propositional network from the CM, according to parameters such as \"Propositional Density\" (PD), \"Initial Concepts with Multiple propositions\" (ICM) and \"Final Concepts with Multiple propositions\" (FCM), fundamental to cluster the CMs for subsequent comparisons; (3) \"frequency of the categories of groups with more and less structural complexity\", with the intention of identifying the influence of the CMs structures in the semantic intention of the propositions; (4) \"conceptual of the \'Natural Sciences\' category propositions of the groups with more and less structural complexity\", with the intention of ascertaining the most used concepts in both groups. The results indicated the multidisciplinary not crossed character of Brazilian basic education by pointing the preponderance of the category \"Nature of science\". It has also showed no immediate relationship between the complexity of the structure of the CMs and the semantic intentions of its propositions. It should be noticed that the procedures used are configured as interesting strategies for the everyday use in classroom. This essay will allow the teachers of EACH to obtain more information upon prior knowledge of their freshmen.

L’immigration ne cesse d’intéresser les chercheurs par la diversité des situations qu’elle recouvre et la multiplicité de réflexions qu’elle alimente. Elle est considérée de ce fait comme un champ d’investigation opportun pour explorer la problématique identitaire à travers différents aspects. Les enfants issus de l’immigration maghrébine constituent l’une des plus importantes communautés étrangères installées en France. De plus, nous ne pouvons pas concevoir la construction de l’identité individuelle de ces enfants sans étudier les spécificités des milieux sociaux à l’intérieur desquels ils sont amenés à se réaliser. Nous rappelons que notre thèse s’inscrit en psychologie du développement. Notre travail se veut une contribution au modèle théorique d’une socialisation plurielle, active et prospective qui s’appuie sur les travaux fondateurs de Malrieu en articulant les processus de la construction de la personne et les processus du changement social, de l’interstructuration du sujet et des institutions. Dans ce sens, nous avons analysé la confrontation des systèmes de références (représentations mutuelles et valeurs) de ces enfants ainsi que les animateurs socioculturels qui les accueillent dans le centre de loisirs. Nous avons choisi une démarche compréhensive et une méthode qualitative qui s’appuie sur une analyse thématique : des entretiens semi-directifs avec les enfants et les animateurs et des observations individuelles et collectives des enfants. Nous avons interviewé 15 animateurs répartis sur 3 centres de loisirs et interviewé et observé 15 enfants de ces mêmes centres.Nos résultats montrent que les enfants de 7-8 ans issus de l’immigration maghrébine ont une représentation positive des valeurs de l’animateur et de l’institution. Ils s’approprient généralement les valeurs universelles véhiculées dans le centre (le respect, l’écoute, le partage) qui recoupent des valeurs transmises par leurs familles. Cependant cela n’exclut pas certaines sensibilités au cadre institutionnel, jugé plus ferme que le cadre familial par les enfants. Ces représentations des valeurs de l’autre et de l’institution influencent la construction de l’identité individuelle de ces enfants. En définitive, nous avons pu montrer un processus de métissage des modèles proposés aux enfants, conduisant ainsi à des images de soi nouvelles intégrant celles attendues ou proposées par les modèles des milieux en interaction et d’autres testées, expérimentées, inventées et co-construites à l’intérieur de nouveaux modes de penser et d’agir (celles liées aux interactions avec les pairs par exemple). / Immigration continue to be of interest to researchers in the variety of the situations which recovers and the multiplicity of the reflections which it feeds It is thus regarded as a field of investigation appropriate to explore the issue of identity through various aspects. Children of North African immigration are one of the largest foreign communities in France. Moreover, we can not conceive of a construction of an individual identity of these children without considering the specificities of the social environments within which they are required to fulfill themselves. We remind that our thesis joins in psychology of the development. Our work is a contribution to the theoretical model of a plural socialisation based on the seminal work of Malrieu, articulating the process of building the individual and the process of social change, the mutual structuring of the subject and institutions.Hence, we analysed the reference systems of these children and their relationship with their sociocultural host in the leisure centre. We chose a qualitative method that focuses on a thematic analysis: semi-structured interviews with children and the facilitators, and individual and collective observations of the children. We interviewed 15 leaders from 3 leisure centres and interviewed and observed (individually and collectively) 15 children from these same centres.Our results show that children of 7-8 year olds from North African immigration have a positive representation of the values of the facilitator and the institution. They usually appropriated the universal values promoted in the centre (respect, listening, sharing ...) that intersect with the values passed on by their families. However, this does not exclude certain sensitivities towards the institutional framework, firmer than that of the children’s family, considered more flexible by children themselves. This representation of other's values and the institution affects the children's individual identity construction. After all we were able to show a process of interbreeding of the models proposed to the children so leading to new images of one integrating those waited or proposed by models of backgrounds in interactions and others tested, experimented, invented and co-built inside new modes to think and to act (those involved to the interactions with the peers for example).

No description available.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / The water quality of reservoirs for water supply has been compromised due to eutrophication. Eutrophication favors the proliferation of cyanobacteria, and therefore cyanotoxins that can be produced and released at any stage of cell growth of cyanobacteria. When these are in excess toxins in reservoirs and fountains, represent a hazard to public health and may cause poisoning in humans and animals. Due to several published reports that indicate fatal poisoning caused by cyanotoxins in Brazil and the world, the Brazilian health authorities have given more attention to the issue of intoxication by cyanotoxins, culminating with the inclusion of concentration limits for microcystin and saxitoxin to the concierge potability of the Ministry of Health 2914/2011. The methods described in the literature for the determination of saxitoxins, no reports of validation of the method for analyzing Goniautoxina 2.3 (GTX 2.3) were found Decarbamoil Goniautoxina 2,3-(2,3 dc-GTX) and N -sulfocarbamoil-Goniautoxina 2.3 (1.2 C) in water samples from reservoirs for public water supply. Within this context, this work aims to validate analytical methodology to identify and quantify 2.3 GTX, GTX-dc 2.3 and 1.2 C, using high-efficiency liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD). Validation was performed in accordance with Resolution 889/2003 of ANVISA. The toxin C 1.2 has not remained stable and deteriorated rapidly, preventing its detection and completion of validation. For the 2.3 GTX and GTX-2.3 dc toxins, selectivity and linearity shown to be satisfactory. The values ​​obtained for the precision, accuracy, limits of detection and quantification of the instrument and the method presented is suitable values ​​allowed by Brazilian law, with the exception of accuracy in small concentrations. The method proved to be robust as the analysis of peak area and show sensitivity to temperature variation and the analysis of the retention time. From the final analysis of the results of each parameter, the method proved to be valid for the determination of 2.3 GTX and GTX-dc 2.3. / A qualidade da Ãgua dos reservatÃrios para abastecimento vem sendo comprometida devido ao processo de eutrofizaÃÃo. A eutrofizaÃÃo propicia a proliferaÃÃo das cianobactÃrias, e consequentemente, cianotoxinas que podem ser produzidas e liberadas em qualquer estÃgio de crescimento celular das cianobactÃrias. Quando estas toxinas estÃo em excesso em reservatÃrios e mananciais, apresentam perigo à saÃde pÃblica, podendo causar intoxicaÃÃes em seres humanos e em animais. Devido a vÃrios relatos da literatura que indicam intoxicaÃÃes fatais causadas por cianotoxinas no Brasil e no mundo, as autoridades sanitÃrias brasileiras deram mais atenÃÃo à questÃo de intoxicaÃÃes por cianotoxinas, culminando com a inclusÃo de limites de concentraÃÃo para a microcistina e para a saxitoxina na portaria de potabilidade do MinistÃrio da SaÃde 2914/2011. Entre os mÃtodos descritos na literatura para a determinaÃÃo de saxitoxinas, nÃo foram encontrados relatos de validaÃÃo do mÃtodo para anÃlise de Goniautoxina 2,3 (GTX 2,3), Decarbamoil-Goniautoxina 2,3 (dc-GTX 2,3) e N-sulfocarbamoil-Goniautoxina 2,3 (C 1,2) em amostras de Ãgua de reservatÃrios para abastecimento pÃblico. Dentro deste contexto, este trabalho tem como objetivo validar uma metodologia analÃtica para identificar e quantificar GTX 2,3, dc-GTX 2,3 e C 1,2, utilizando cromatografia lÃquida de alta eficiÃncia com detecÃÃo por fluorescÃncia (CLAE-FLD). A validaÃÃo foi executada de acordo com a ResoluÃÃo 889/2003 da ANVISA. A toxina C 1,2 nÃo se manteve estÃvel e degradou-se rapidamente, impedindo a sua detecÃÃo e conclusÃo da sua validaÃÃo. Para as toxinas GTX 2,3 e dc-GTX 2,3, a seletividade e a linearidade mostraram-se satisfatÃrias. Os valores obtidos para a precisÃo, exatidÃo, limites de detecÃÃo e quantificaÃÃo do instrumento e do mÃtodo apresentaram-se adequados aos valores permitidos pela legislaÃÃo brasileira, com exceÃÃo da exatidÃo em pequenas concentraÃÃes. O mÃtodo mostrou-se robusto quanto a anÃlise de Ãrea do pico e apresentou sensibilidade a variaÃÃo de temperatura quanto a anÃlise do tempo de retenÃÃo. A partir da anÃlise final dos resultados obtidos por cada parÃmetro, o mÃtodo mostrou-se valido para a determinaÃÃo de GTX 2,3 e dc-GTX 2,3.

De senaste åren kan vi se ett ökat intresse för lärande i organisationer och kompetensutveckling. Detta menar många forskare och beslutsfattare är en väsentlig del för produktivitet, konkurrenskraft och innovation. ( Kock, Gill & Ellström, 2008) Innovationer är vanligtvis en frukt av flera olika personers kreativa förmåga, deras samarbete, erfarenheter och kompletterande kunskaper (Leonard & Swap, 1999). 96,3% av företagen i Sverige är småföretag (www.scb.se). Småföretag och entreprenörer ses som särskilt viktiga för sysselsättning och tillväxt i näringslivet. Trots många initiativ, saknas lösningar i samhället som är väl anpassade till deras speciella behov och förutsättningar. (http://www.regeringen.se). Denna examensuppsats är en kvalitativ studie bestående av semistrukturerade intervjuer som syftar till att undersöka ett kompetensutvecklingsprojekt för småföretagare, vilket syftar till att stödja småföretagares utveckling genom att möjliggöra samverkan och kompetensutveckling. Hansson (2005) beskriver kompetensutveckling som ett mål att förse kompetens till företaget. Dalin (1997) och Hansson (2005) beskriver samverkan som en aspekt av kompetens. För att småföretag ska kunna frodas bör de utveckla externa relationer med andra aktörer som har förmågan att stötta företaget i dess företagsutvecklande. Ska småföretagare kunna flytta sina positioner mot ökad framgång och lönsamhet krävs externa resurser. (Street & Ann-Frances, 2007) Under intervjuerna framkommer respondenternas upplevelser av samverkan under projektets gång och upplevelsen av möjlighet till kommande samverkan som delad. Några av respondenterna uttrycker att samverkan har till viss del stärkt de band som redan funnits genom att mötet har gett en större inblick i de andra företagens verksamhet. Enligt hälften av respondenterna upplevs de för företaget specifika kompetensutvecklingsaktiviteterna som företaget varit i behov av som det viktigaste bidraget till verksamheten. / Over the last couple of years an increased interest of learning in organizations and competence development has been noticed. Many researchers and decitionmakers are of the opinion that this is an important part of productivity, competitiveness and innovation. (Kock, Gill & Ellström, 2008) Innovations are usually the fruit of several individuals creative ability, their cooperation, experiences and their additional knowledge (Leonard & Swap, 1999). 96.3% of the companies in Sweden are small business.(www.scb.se) Small business and entrepreneurs are seen as especially importance of employment and the growth of the economy in spite of many initiatives there is a lack of solutions in the society that are well adjusted to the specific needs and prerequisites (http://www.regeringen.se). This essay is a qualitative study consisting of semi structured interviews with the purpose of exanimating a project of competence development with the aim of supporting small business development through enabling interaction and competence development. Hansson (2005) describes competence development as an objective for providing. Dalin (1997) and Hansson (2005) describe interaction as an aspect of competence. On order for small business to be able to thrive external relations with other businesses with the ability to support the company in its development should be developed. In order for small businesses to be more successful and profitable external resources are needed. (Street & Ann-Frances, 2007) During the interviews it was revealed that the respondents experiences of interaction during the course of the project and the experience of the possibilities for future interaction was parted. Some of the respondents expresses that the interaction to some extent has strengthened existing bonds of interaction by enlarged insight in the other companies business. According to half of the respondents the specific activities of competence development witch the respondent was in need of is experienced as the most important contribution to the business.

"Liszt's music, unlike that of Mozart, projects the man. With rare immediacy, it gives away the character of the composer. ... " (Brendel 1986, 3) The purpose of this study is to examine Liszt's song genre from an historical and stylistic standpoint as a reflection of Liszt's ongoing personality and style development. this end the following will be presented: - an overview of Liszt's life circumstances which reflect his personality development - a chronological classification ofLiszt's song genre - the songs viewed historically as a reflection of the man - characteristics in the revisions of the songs which reveal Liszt's ongoing developing style - a study of the development ofLiszt's harmonic and tonal language as agents of colour and textual imagery. Liszt's song oeuvre will be studied in relation to the man himself in order to revtal his motives, his values, the experiences that moved him, and the ways in which he reproduced them in music. / Department of Musicology / M.Mus.

Title: Co-operative, prevent or complement? - An essay on the relationships between control systems.  Authors: Kim Eriksson and Victoria Karlsson Purpose: The essay aims to describe the relations between control systems and how they related to each other, based on an operationalization of the control systems.  Research question: What are the control systems relations to each other? With regards whether control systems co-operative, prevents and/or complement each other. Theoretical framework: The essays theoretical framework is based on Malmi and Browns (2008) description of five different control systems and control mechanisms associated with each control system.    Research methodology: The method was based on three different data collection methods. These methods were observations, documentation, and semi-structured interviews. Conclusions: It is concluded that the control systems has comprehensive relations. Control systems have more, than one, relation to each other.

"Liszt's music, unlike that of Mozart, projects the man. With rare immediacy, it gives away the character of the composer. ... " (Brendel 1986, 3) The purpose of this study is to examine Liszt's song genre from an historical and stylistic standpoint as a reflection of Liszt's ongoing personality and style development. this end the following will be presented: - an overview of Liszt's life circumstances which reflect his personality development - a chronological classification ofLiszt's song genre - the songs viewed historically as a reflection of the man - characteristics in the revisions of the songs which reveal Liszt's ongoing developing style - a study of the development ofLiszt's harmonic and tonal language as agents of colour and textual imagery. Liszt's song oeuvre will be studied in relation to the man himself in order to revtal his motives, his values, the experiences that moved him, and the ways in which he reproduced them in music. / Department of Musicology / M.Mus.

Fifty percent of the Swedish population is not aware of their relatives’ wishes on organ donation. It happens that some family members use their veto when they are asked to confirm their dead family member’s wish on organ donation and thereby preventing a potential transplant. If more people would be aware of this issue and tell each other what their standpoint is, we could help the health care to identify more organ donors and thus help more people to a better life. The project lead to an educational and physical exercise based application for tablets aimed for sixteen years old pupils where they by walking around in the physical space, learn about the organs and get physical exercise at the same time. The app is meant for schools since the school has the responsible to educate the pupils about different types of physical exercise and lifestyle. Moreover, tablets are becoming increasingly common in the schools. I was influenced by an application called Zombies Run that focuses on creating a story by collecting virtual supplies while being running outside. Some statements from the research influenced me. A lady stated that she used to take her daughter out to walk the dog as much as possible because her daughter was at risk of becoming overweight. A Donor Coordinating Doctor stated a thoughtful sentence during a workshop “Would you be willing to receive an organ if you needed a transplant? Donate your organs after death so it is possible” The Virtual Donation Challenge is an application aimed at sixteen year old pupils for educational purposes. The school is responsible for giving the students education about lifestyles, different types of exercises and CPR education, I found it most appropriate to link the application to the Physical Education subject or even Natural Science subject. The application is a quiz and the questions are linked to local GPS coordinates which the users have to visit in order to answer the questions about organ donation and how the interdisciplinary processes in the body work.