The present study considers the diachronic changes that took place in Soviet political discourse as reflected in six selections of Pravda editorials from the 1920s through the 1950s, as well as slogans and headlines in that newspaper from 1917 through 1933. The principal goal of analyses conducted on various levels is to identify and investigate a number of tendencies demonstrating the gradual transformation of the language of revolution into totalitarian language. A quantitative analysis of the vocabulary of slogans and headlines in Chapter 2 focuses on chronological changes in words and addresses the contexts in which they were used. The same material is used in a review of the polarization of vocabulary in positive and negative contexts. Chapters 3-6 are devoted to a qualitative analysis of editorial texts on three levels: lexical rhetorical means (Chapter 3), semantically charged elements of argumentation (Chapter 4), and the overall composition of the text (Chapter 5). Chapter 6 concludes the study with an illustration of the devices considered in Chapters 3-5 based on two editorials, one each from the revolutionary and totalitarian periods. The analysis identifies a number of stable elements present throughout the period under study, such as the self – other opposition and references to the classics of Marxism-Leninism. At the same time, noted on all levels are changes illustrating the process by which the language of revolution was gradually transformed into totalitarian language. These include the disappearance from rhetoric of emotionality, imagery, and elements of logic, as well as stylistic leveling and an increase in the frequent repetition of the same conclusions and clichés.

This study investigates the complex role editorials – a newspaper's institutional voice – play in highly-polarised political contexts. Employing Van Dijk's insight that editorials "are usually not only, and even not primarily, directed at the common reader: rather they tend to directly or indirectly address influential news actors" (1992: 244), the study focuses on how the editorials of two Zimbabwean daily newspapers – The Herald, a perceived pro-government newspaper, and NewsDay, a perceived pro-opposition newspaper – speak to those in power. The study looks at these two newspapers' editorials from 1 June to 31 December 2013, which covers the period prior to, during and after the 2013 national elections. The 31 July, 2013 elections took place after four years of an uneasy government of national unity (GNU), which comprised ZANU-PF and the two MDC formations (Raftopoulos, 2013:978). Given the polarisation that is pervasive in the Zimbabwean politics and media, the study draws on Hallin and Mancini (2004)'s "Polarised Pluralist Model". In this model the media are used as instruments of struggle in conflicts, sometimes by dictatorships and by movements struggling against them, but also by contending parties in periods of democratic politics (Hallin and Mancini, 2004:61). Further, the methodological approach that informs this study is primarily qualitative. A qualitative content analysis of 30 editorials seeks to identify themes covered in the editorials. The study also employs a rhetorical analysis of 12 editorials and in-depth interviews and these form the adopted three-stage research design. The findings of this research somewhat contradict the common view in Zimbabwe that the privately-owned media blindly support the opposition while the stateowned media do the same to ZANU-PF (Chari, 2009:10; Mabweazara, 2011:110). Although The Herald openly supported ZANU-PF prior to the election, it shifted after the election as it pushed the ruling party to fulfill pledges made on the campaign trail. Some ZANU-PF officials were also censured by The Herald, although this selective criticism can be linked to factionalism in the party. NewsDay editorials reminded the newly formed government to mend the economy and provide basic services. While, the daily constantly censured Mugabe and ZANU-PF prior to the election, it also occasionally berated the MDC, which can be attributed to its participation in the GNU as that took away the privilege it previously had of not being hold accountable by the press.

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2015-08-05T18:57:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Valeria Vanessa Eduardo.pdf: 1237580 bytes, checksum: 3360b266563745c1797257490f48a031 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-05T18:57:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Valeria Vanessa Eduardo.pdf: 1237580 bytes, checksum: 3360b266563745c1797257490f48a031 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-18 / According to research conducted in 2013 by the Brazilian Book Chamber and the Economic Research Foundation, the publishing industry showed a nominal increase of 7.52% over the previous year. This increase accounts for the copies produced electronically and in hardcopy as well as the numbers of sales in the period. Another significant point of the research, both for the editorial stage as to an analysis of the reading of the Brazilian citizen profile, is the amount of new titles available. In 2012, there were 51,905 new works by national authors. This indicator increased by almost 10% to 56,372 in 2013. Together the information, we see a positive outlook for literature, with several opportunities for publishing. It is presented to publishers the challenge of conquering a readership growing. Thus, the editorial events appear as strategic projects to attract readers. In this context, this study aims to how stakeholders are managed in editorials events projects, considering the project management processes proposed by PMBOK. Project management has been established as an important tool in the strengthening of the results of the events, since the benefits from the use of planning, execution and control of temporary and unique events prove to be perfectly adherent to event management. Whereas the stakeholder management process aims to engage them, aspect of fundamental importance for success in project management, through a qualitative approach whose strategy will be a multiple case study in São Paulo, this study presents as result in a proposal of key activities related to the management of stakeholders from project management processes that are applicable to events that meet the demands of the publishing market. / De acordo com pesquisa realizada em 2013, pela Câmara Brasileira do Livro e a Fundação de Pesquisas Econômicas, o setor editorial mostrou um crescimento nominal de 7,52% em relação ao ano anterior. Este aumento contabiliza os exemplares produzidos eletronicamente e em via impressa, bem como os números das vendas realizadas no período. Outro ponto significativo da pesquisa, tanto para o cenário editorial como para uma análise do perfil de leitura do cidadão brasileiro, é a quantidade de novos títulos disponíveis. Em 2012, foram 51.905 obras inéditas de autores nacionais. Este indicador aumentou em quase 10%, passando para 56.372 em 2013. Somadas as informações, vê-se um panorama positivo para a literatura, com diversas oportunidades para o mercado editorial. Apresenta-se às editoras o desafio de conquistar um público leitor cada vez maior. Assim, os eventos editoriais aparecem como projetos estratégicos para atrair leitores. Neste contexto, o presente estudo pretende apresentar como os stakeholders são gerenciados nos projetos de eventos editoriais, considerando os processos de gerenciamento de projetos propostos pelo guia PMBOK. O gerenciamento de projetos tem se constituído como uma importante ferramenta na potencialização dos resultados dos eventos, uma vez que os benefícios resultantes da utilização dos processos de planejamento, execução e controle de eventos temporários e únicos demonstram ser perfeitamente aderentes ao gerenciamento de eventos. Considerando que o processo de gerenciamento de stakeholders tem como objetivo engajá-los, aspecto de fundamental importância para o sucesso no gerenciamento de projetos, através da abordagem qualitativa cuja estratégia será um estudo de caso múltiplo no Estado de São Paulo, o presente estudo apresenta como resultado uma proposta de atividades fundamentais relacionadas à gestão dos stakeholders, a partir de processos de gestão de projetos que sejam aplicáveis a eventos que atendam à demanda do mercado editorial.

The purpose of this bachelor thesis was to examine how Swedish opinion journalists chose to portray The Gasoline Uprising 2.0, from both a framing perspective and a perspective of modes of persuasion. The research questions examined were: How does opinion journalists at Swedish daily newspapers frame The Gasoline Uprising 2.0? How does opinion journalists at Swedish daily newspapers use modes of persuasion in opinion pieces about The Gasoline Uprising 2.0?  The methods used in this bachelor thesis were a self made method that we based on Robert M. Entmans existing theory regarding framing. We also used a theory based on Karlberg and Mrals rhetoric method of analysis concerning the perspective modes of persuasions. A mix of these methods were used to examine how Swedish opinion journalists chose to frame The Gasoline Uprising 2.0. By examining the opinion pieces we found a variety of patterns. One of the main frame patterns pointed towards the writers feelings regarding compassion and understanding towards people that live in the countryside. Primarily the writers chose to frame The Gasoline Uprising 2.0 as an issue regarding the increasing polarization between the countryside and the city. The findings concerning the use of modes of persuasion showed that the writers primarily used compassion to increase their credibility during the use of ethos in the opinion pieces. Regarding logos we found that several writers used underlaying causes and compared the Swedish environmental politics to other countries in order to get people behind their thesis. From a pathos perspective, we found that the writers wanted to awaken feelings of empathy and anger within the reader.

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Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-02-21T12:46:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Laura Ferreira Guerra_.pdf: 4034461 bytes, checksum: 4f9e8e4316ac7e28a58e4019a44fb7de (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-21T12:46:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Laura Ferreira Guerra_.pdf: 4034461 bytes, checksum: 4f9e8e4316ac7e28a58e4019a44fb7de (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-19 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / PROEX - Programa de Excelência Acadêmica / A dissertação investiga como operações discursivas manifestadas nas superfícies dos editoriais dos jornais O Globo e Folha de S. Paulo sobre o impeachment de Dilma Rousseff (2016) atualizam operações inscritas nos editoriais dos mesmos jornais em torno da deposição de João Goulart (1964). É um estudo de leitura discursiva (VERÓN, 2004), subdividido em dois níveis de análise à luz dos conceitos de gramáticas de produção, enunciação e contrato de leitura (FAUSTO NETO, 1991; VERÓN, 2004). O primeiro nível, com base nas contribuições de Mouillaud (1997), refere-se às superfícies discursivas, que entendemos como os aspectos gráficos, técnicos e estéticos dos periódicos, que podem indicar níveis de tomada de posição opinativa. Desenvolvemos o comparativo entre edições do jornal O Globo, em 1964 e 2016, e Folha de S. Paulo, em 1964 e 2016. Por fim, realizamos a análise transversal entre O Globo e Folha. No segundo nível, o mesmo processo é priorizado em relação às operações discursivas, tendo como objetivo central a recuperação de marcas inscritas na produção do discurso opinativo dos editoriais sobre a deposição de João Goulart (1964) e o impeachment de Dilma Rousseff (2016), bem como compreender as diferentes formas da construção discursiva. A cobertura editorial dos acontecimentos remonta dois contextos distintos e, assim, a investigação busca proporcionar reflexões sobre a sociedade dos meios e a sociedade em vias de midiatização, principalmente no que tange os efeitos na enunciação. / The paper investigates how discursive operations manifested in the editorials of the newspapers O Globo and Folha de S. Paulo about the impeachment of Dilma Rousseff (2016) update operations registered in the editorials of the same newspapers around the deposition of João Goulart (1964). It is a study of discursive reading (VERÓN, 2004) subdivided into two levels of analysis based on the concepts of production grammars, enunciation and reading contract (VERÓN, 2004; FAUSTO NETO, 1991). The first one, inspired by Mouillaud (1997), refers to the discursive surfaces, which we understand as the aesthetic, technical and graphical aspects which can indicate levels of opinion. We developed the comparative between editions of the newspaper O Globo in 1964 and 2016 and Folha de S. Paulo in 1964 and 2016. Finally, we made a transversal analysis between O Globo and Folha. The same process was prioritized in discursive operations, with the objective of recovering production conditions from the editorials about the deposition of João Goulart (1964) and the impeachment of Dilma Rousseff (2016). The editorial construction of the events goes back two distinct contexts, for that reason the investigation provides reflections on the society of the media and the society in the process of mediatization, mainly its effects on the enunciation.

Abstract Title: The war in Afghanistan – a necessary evil? (Kriget i Afghanistan – ett nödvändigt ont? En kritisk diskursanalys av New York Times ställningstagande till och framing av kriget i Afghanistan) Number of pages: 41 (41 including enclosures) Authors: Jenny Häggmark, Madeleine Jansson Tutor: Christian Christensen Course: Media and Communication Studies C Period: Fall term 2011 University: Division of Media and Communication, Department of Information Science, Uppsala University Purpose/aim: Our main goal with this paper is to examine and describe how The New York Times have framed the war in Afghanistan in their editorials, and how their position on the war is reflected in the editorials. We are also interested in finding out if their position on the war has changed during the ten years of war. Are the New York Times editorials characterized by peace or war journalism? Material/Method: To fulfill our aim with this paper we are going to use a qualitative method of content analyzes, the critical discourse analysis, when we analyze the editorials selected. The material consists of 40 editorials from The New York Times from four different years – 2001, 2004, 2007 and 2011 – ten from each year. We will analyze these editorials using Johan Galtung’s theory of peace and war journalism, along with the theory of framing, using Robert M. Entman’s definition as a base. Main results: Our main results are that The New York Times has changed their position on the war in Afghanistan since it started in 2001. The first two years that we have analyzed, 2001 and 2004, The New York Times were positive towards the war. However, their position on the war has been negative or neutral in the studied editorials from 2007 and 2011. Our results show that The New York Times framed the war in six salient frames – position, peace, war, nation building/democracy in Afghanistan, “us and them”, and criticism against the Bush administration. The editorials from 2001 are characterized as war journalism while the majority of the editorials from the following years are characterized as peace journalism. Key words: War in Afghanistan, framing, peace journalism, war journalism, New York Times, editorials.

This study was motivated by a variety of democratic experience in the world that interchangeably perplexes and inspires students of politics. To understand the processes by which democracies emerge, this study was launched to examine new democracies from a discursive perspective. Four main questions guided the inquiry: (1) Is there a rhetorical/discursive counterpart to the process of democratization? (2) If so, what are the rhetorical features and markers of democratic changes? (3) What specific discursive practices correlate with growth and/or decline of democracy? and (4) What practical value might there be to having a more sensitive measure of democratic growth and/or decline? To answer these questions, a critical discourse analysis was conducted on two genres of Russian public discourse juxtaposing lay (letters to the editor) and elite (editorials) voices in three national periodicals during four election seasons between 1996 and 2008. The analysis of lay discourse revealed (a) that ordinary Russians enjoy expressing their opinions, (b) that they are argumentative, (c) that their repertoire of political voices is rather small, and (d) that their discussions are gradually sliding toward trivial matters. These findings portrayed a public that is attentive to public affairs and speaks out in a forum. Elite voices, on the other hand, were found (e) to be mesmerized by politics, (f) to think of the political world as detached from ordinary life, and (g) to envision the audience of ironic bystanders. Together, these findings pointed to a conclusion that ordinary Russians are rarely summoned either to renew democracy or to improve upon it. Consequently, they rarely identify themselves as true democrats, although many of their discursive practices resemble those that are thought of as a staple of the democratic public sphere. / text

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