Trata-se de uma pesquisa histórica que busca compreender e analisar o processo de criação do Centro Interescolar de Segundo Grau Dr. João Bacelar Portela e a sua relação com as dimensões social, política, econômica e educacional do Maranhão na década de 1970. Também visa compreender a expansão e a transformação em Escola Técnica Estadual do Maranhão; a extinção dos seus cursos profissionalizantes em 1997; as trajetórias educacionais e os destinos ocupacionais dos discentes da turma de Metalurgia do ano de 1987. As fontes oficiais oriundas dos órgãos governamentais, os documentos produzidos na institucionalidade da escola, os jornais, as fontes imagéticas e orais foram privilegiados nesse estudo. A análise das fontes foi realizada mediante as contribuições teóricas e metodológicas da História Cultural dando relevo aos estudos de Michel de Certeau (2014; 2015) Justino Magalhães (2004), Diana Vidal (2005), Viñao Frago e Augustín Escolano (2011), Bosi (1994), Halbwachs (2003). Conclui-se que a criação do Centro Interescolar de Segundo Grau Dr. João Bacelar Portela correspondeu à reforma educacional de 1971 e às estratégias do Ministério da Educação e do Banco Mundial com o intuito de ajustar a educação maranhense ao modelo econômico, porém com habilitação básica que não era aceita no mercado de trabalho. A transformação do projeto de escola, a partir de 1984, representou as iniciativas dos agentes educacionais que pressionaram o órgão educacional para viabilizar projeto de escola voltado para a habilitação do técnico para uma ocupação definida. A mudança de projeto resultou também dos investimentos da Secretaria de Educação que conciliou as demandas do mercado de trabalho com o aumento do número de vagas no ensino de segundo grau. As trajetórias dos (as) ex-alunos (as) revelaram que o surto industrial no Maranhão não absorveu parcela significativa dos (as) egressos (as) de Metalurgia e que o destino ocupacional atingido pela maioria se encontra no setor de serviços. / Based on press, documentary, image, bibliographic and oral sources, this work aims to understand and analyze the creation process of Centro Interescolar de Segundo Grau Dr. João Bacelar Portela and its relation with social, politic, economic and educational dimension from Maranhão; it also aims to understand the expansion, the transition from Centro Interescolar to Escola Técnica Estadual do Maranhão and extinction of its professional courses in 1997, besides understanding its educational trajectories and occupational destination of the Metallurgy learners group in 1987. Source analysis was carried out through theoretical and methodological contributions of Cultural History, giving greater emphasis to Michel de Certeau (2004; 2015), Justino Magalhães (2004), Vidal (2005), Frago and Escolano (2011), Bosi (1994) and Halbwachs studies (2003). It is reported that the creation of Centro Interescolar de Segundo Grau Dr. João Bacelar Portela corresponded to the strategies of Ministry of Education and World Bank to adjust Maranhense education to the economic model, however, with basic qualification, which was not accepted in the job market. From 1984 onwards, the transformation of the school project represented the educational agents initiatives which dimensioned institution functionalities based on their objectives and aspirations that the school provides a qualification from technical to a defined occupation. Former students trajectories revealed that the industrial boom in Maranhão didnt take up a significant part of new students of Metallurgy course and that the occupational destination achieved by the majority finds itself in the service sector.

Inserido no campo da História da Educação e numa perspectiva da História Cultural, esta pesquisa aborda as vivências dos servidores e alunos na Escola Agrotécnica Federal de Alegrete- RS, desde 1954, na sua inauguração, até a interrupção do Estado Democrático em 1964. Neste contexto, a escola esteve sob intervenção militar em 1965. Este estudo reconstrói o início das atividades na Escola, suas incertezas, dificuldades e implicações políticas, imbricadas com a história de vida dos alunos e servidores que trilharam este caminho. Para o desenvolvimento deste estudo, foi percorrido um caminho metodológico utilizando-se a abordagem qualitativa, sendo utilizada a história oral como método de pesquisa. A técnica aplicada foram as entrevistas realizadas com os sujeitos (alunos, funcionários e professores), associada à análise documental. Como suporte teórico destaco as contribuições de Maurice Halbwachs, Alistar Thompson e Ecléa Bosi, no que se refere às reflexões sobre memória e memória coletiva, bem como Justino de Magalhães abordando a importância do estudo das instituições escolares. Esta pesquisa insere-se numa perspectiva da História Cultural, na qual destaco as contribuições de Sandra Pesavento, Roger Chartier e Peter Burke. Para oportunizar a contextualização do momento político e social da Educação Profissional, conforme a temporalidade pesquisada, ocorreu a análise da Legislação pertinente ao Ensino Agrícola. Foi possível concluir que a Escola Agrotécnica Federal de Alegrete/RS, atualmente Campus do Instituto Federal Farroupilha/RS, se constituiu a partir de políticas públicas evidenciadas pelos diversos momentos políticos pelo qual passou o País, desde a sua implantação até a intervenção militar ocorrida na Escola em 1965. As narrativas dos sujeitos recompõem este tempo, no qual as memórias tecem uma trama de lembranças construídas coletivamente em um espaço compartilhado que adquire sentido na medida em que a memória individual encontra sua ancoragem na memória coletiva dos sujeitos. / In the field of History of Education and on Cultural History perspective, this study approaches the experiences of public servers and students from Escola Agrotécnica Federal de Alegrete since 1954 on its inauguration until the interruption of democratic period in 1964. In this context, the school was under military intervention in 1965. This study reconstructs the beginning of activities at the school, its uncertainties, difficulties and policy implications, interwoven with the story of life of students and public servers that have gone down this path.For the development of this work, a methodological path has been gone through, using the qualitative approach and the oral history as investigation method. Interviews made with people (students, workers and teachers), associated to documental analysis, were the applied techniques. As theoretical input I point out Maurice Halbwachs’, Alistar Thompson’s and Ecleia Bosi’s contributions, referring to the reflections about memory and collective memory, as well as Justino de Magalhães’ approach of the importance of studying the educational institutions. This research is inserted in a Cultural History perspective, in which I distinguish Sandra Pesavento’s, Roger Chartier’s and Peter Burke’s contributions. In order to provide the contextualization of the social and political moment of the Professional Education during the researched period, the body of laws about Agricultural Education, as well as decrees and regulations, has been analyzed. It was possible to conclude that Escola Agrotécnica Federal de Alegrete/RS, nowadays Instituto Federal Farroupilha/RS , was established from the public policies evidenced by the several political moments which the country has undergone, since the school’s creation until the Military Overthrow in 1965. People’s narratives recompose this time where the memories weave a plot of remembrances built collectively in a shared space that makes sense insofar as the individual memory finds its anchoring in peoples’ collective memory.

Esta pesquisa analisa a influência dos indicadores no desempenho das Instituições de Ensino Superior. Para isso, foi realizado uma pesquisa em duas etapas. Na primeira, identificou-se na literatura um conjunto de indicadores e dimensões que foram submetidos a onze especialistas em ensino e gestão de desempenho. Desta etapa resultou um dashboard composto por nove dimensões e 67 indicadores. Em uma segunda etapa, foi realizado um survey com 109 instituições de ensino, utilizando estes indicadores. Como resultados, todos os especialistas ressaltaram a importância da gestão de desempenho para o atingimento dos resultados e objetivos estratégicos, assim como as principais relações de causa e efeito. A partir do survey realizado, o estudo apresenta, por meio dos testes qui-quadrado, de regressão logística múltipla e de análise de correspondência múltipla associações entre o IGC da instituição e a presença, a importância e a forma como os gestores usam os indicadores. Analisando conjuntamente a presença, a importância e o uso dos indicadores na tomada de decisão, percebe-se que apenas dois indicadores - vínculo a programas internacionais (em sua unidade ou fora dela) e alunos que fazem mais de um curso (fidelização) - mostraram-se associados ao IGC em todas as análises estatísticas. Analisado as dimensões, apenas \"Acadêmico\", \"Sociedade/extensão\" e \"Financeiro\" não se mostraram associadas ao IGC em pelo menos uma análise. As dimensões \"Internacionalização e Pesquisa\", \"Aluno/Cliente\" e \"Mercado\" foram as dimensões que se apresentaram mais associadas ao IGC, o que ocorreu em no mínimo 50% dos testes realizados. Do ponto de vista gerencial, esta pesquisa apresenta um dashboard de gestão para instituições de ensino superior. Destaca-se a apresentação de indicadores e dimensões para se gerenciar uma instituição de ensino e a forma como esses indicadores e dimensões estão associados ao IGC. / The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of performance indicators on the performance of High Education Institutions. For this, the research\'s been organized in two different stages. For the first stage, a set of indicators and dimensions were identified in the literature which were submitted to eleven specialists in teaching and performance evaluation. As result, this stage led to a dashboard composed of nine dimensions and 67 indicators. In the second stage, a survey was carried out with 109 educational institutions, using the 67 indicators. In the result, all experts emphasized the importance of performance management to achieve strategic results and goals, as well as the main relationships of cause and effect. From the survey conducted, the study presents, through chi-square tests, multiple logistic regression and multiple-correspondence analysis, the associations between the IGC of the institution and the presence, importance and the way managers use the indicators. By analyzing the presence, importance and use of the indicators in a whole, in the decision-making process, what can be noted is that only two indicators - international programs links (same institutions or partnership) and students enrolled to more than one course (loyalty) were associated to IGC in all statistical analyzes. Analyzing the dimensions, only \"Academic\", \"Society / extension\" and \"Financial\" were not shown to be associated with the IGC in at least one analysis. The dimensions \"Internationalization and Research\", \"Student / Customer\" and \"Market\" were the most associated dimensions with the IGC, which occurred in at least 50% of the performed tests. From an administrative point of view, this research presents a management dashboard for high education institutions. It is worth to highlight the presentation and dimensions of indicators to manage an educational institution and the way these indicators and dimensions are associated with the IGC.

Informed by archival data and oral history interviews, this dissertation explored stories of the lived experiences of the stakeholders of Mercer University’s Beloved Community. The goal was to gain insight into how higher educational institutions (HEIs) engaged community partners to address long-term racial injury through the process of racial reconciliation. This study included the insights of 18 participants in a racial reconciliation project named the Beloved Community; which began in 2005 and was sponsored by Mercer University, a private higher educational institution; formerly affiliated with the Georgia Baptist Convention. An aim of the project was to sustain a frank discourse within a safe, public forum, that would address the present and past injuries of racial segregation at the local church level and include the injured in problem solving. Mercer is one of few formerly segregated southern universities engaged in such an endeavor. The research questions were: 1) What do Mercer University’s Beloved Community stakeholders perceive as the primary goals of higher educational institutions in addressing racial reconciliation? 2) What are Mercer University’s Beloved Community stakeholders’ perceptions and lived experiences of racial reconciliation, through this project? 3) What patterns and contradictions are there in the stakeholders’ stories about their perceptions and lived experiences of racial reconciliation? The findings validate the research of Androff (2012) that reconciliation is a slow process, occurring at multiple levels, and provides insights into such an endeavor at a local level. Further, this study found that enactment of the project is influenced by social identity, collective memory, and intergroup interaction. A culture of social reconciliation, in the form of building interpersonal relationships and creating forums for racial dialogue, was the dominant form of reconciliation found within Mercer’s Beloved Community. This study is significant in examining the role of HEIs who include community partners to extend sustained scholarship, learning, and civic engagement.

[EN] Nowadays, universities are finding they have more and more competition regarding postgraduate programs. As educational institutions increase the offer, the need for them to improve their knowledge about the postgraduate market becomes more evident due to the lack of existing research and scarce literature about the topic. All this will help the educational institutions to develop suitable competitive strategies in order to attract postgraduate students' talent, thus distinguishing the institutions from the competition. This proactive orientation towards the market wills, like in many other markets, end up confiding in those programs which have successful marketing and allow for innovation and differentiation. At the same time, many authors relate this proactive orientation towards the market to co-creation. More specifically in the education sector, co-creation has been researched very little and has always been focused on the undergraduate student, not postgraduate. Lastly, the consequences of the postgraduate students' participation in these co-creation processes concerning satisfaction and loyalty is something that has not been studied either. This first quantitative study has led to a validation of the proposed model which allows us to affirm that, independent of the results obtained in the co-creation process, the student involvement in it, will result in greater satisfaction and loyalty towards the institution. For this reason co-creation can help the educational institutions to develop competitive differentiating strategies which will generate not only a greater satisfaction for the student but also the possibility of achieving differentiation thanks to the resulting innovation. After this first quantitative study, a second study was carried out in a Business to Business context by sending a professional from the company to the educational institution. In this study an attempt was made to measure the consequences of co-creation in student satisfaction, strength of the relation and student loyalty. This new structural equation model (SEM) has more variables and relations than the former one, introducing the strength of the relation. In addition, the study is centered on adult students who in this case are professionals sent by their companies to study a master program, Business to Business as opposed to Business to Consumer from the former study. The conclusions of the study are that the co-creation where the adult student participates in the process takes them to higher levels of satisfaction and greater loyalty towards the educational institution. At the same time, our research shows that the strength of the relation is positively influenced by the process of creation of value. In this case, the research has only validated part of the model. Therefore, this last part of our research again reaffirms the idea that co-creation can be a beneficial tool for universities in order to develop competitive strategies which generate more value for their clients and which also makes it difficult for the competition to imitate. Finally it should be pointed out that the results of this research facilitate the implementation of a co-creation process between universities and postgraduate students as well as the possible areas of its application within the purchase process and choosing a master program. On the other hand, it has also been demonstrated that independent of the results of this process, co-creation itself leads to higher rates of satisfaction, an improvement in the strength of the relation and more student loyalty towards the institution. / [ES] En la actualidad, las universidades se encuentran con una competencia cada vez mayor en lo que se refiere a sus programas de posgrado. A la vez que se incrementa la oferta por parte de las instituciones educativas, impera la necesidad por parte de las universidades de mejorar su conocimiento sobre el mercado de posgrado, debido a la falta de investigación existente con una literatura sobre marketing escasa. Todo ello, ayudará a las instituciones educativas a desarrollar estrategias competitivas adecuadas para lograr atraer el talento de los estudiantes de posgrado diferenciándose de la competencia. Esta orientación proactiva el mercado, pasará, como en otros muchos mercados, por apostar por políticas de marketing de éxito, que permitan en un sentido o en otro, innovar y diferenciarse. Al mismo tiempo, son muchos los autores que relacionan esa orientación proactiva al mercado, con la co-creation. En el caso específico del sector educativo, la co-creation se ha estudiado poco y siempre desde una perspectiva de estudiantes universitarios, no de posgrado. Por último, las consecuencias en el alumno de posgrado de participar en estos procesos de co-creation desde el punto de vista de los efectos en su satisfacción y lealtad, es algo que tampoco se ha estudiado. Este primer estudio cuantitativo ha supuesto una validación del modelo propuesto, por lo que se puede afirmar, que con independencia de los resultados obtenidos en el proceso de co-creation, el propio proceso de involucración del alumno en ello, redundará en una mayor satisfacción y lealtad hacia la institución. Por todo ello, la co-creation puede facilitar que las instituciones educativas desarrollen estrategias competitivas diferenciadoras que generarán tanto una mayor satisfacción para el estudiante como la posibilidad de lograr diferenciación gracias la innovación que surja del mismo. Con posterioridad a este primer estudio cuantitativo, se realiza un segundo estudio si bien desde un contexto Business to Business al pretender medir las consecuencias de la co-creation en la satisfacción, fortaleza de la relación y lealtad del estudiante, en este caso profesional enviado por la empresa, hacia la institución educativa. Este nuevo modelo de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM) es más amplio en variables y relaciones que el anterior, introduciendo la fortaleza de la relación. Además se centra en estudiantes adultos que en este caso son profesionales enviados por sus empresas a realizar el programa master, vertiente Business to Business frente a Business to Consumer del anterior Las conclusiones del estudio son que la co-creation donde el estudiante adulto participa en el proceso, lleva a niveles más altos de satisfacción y a una mayor lealtad hacia la institución educativa. Al mismo tiempo, nuestra investigación muestra, que la fortaleza en la relación, está influenciada positivamente por este proceso de creación de valor si bien no media entre la co-creation y la lealtad. En este caso, la investigación sólo ha validado parte del modelo. Así, esta parte última de nuestra investigación vuelve a ser una reafirmación de la idea de que la co-creation puede ser, en sí misma, una herramienta beneficiosa para las universidades para desarrollar estrategias competitivas que generen más valor para sus clientes y que también sea difícil de imitar por la competencia Finalmente señalar que los resultados de este trabajo facilitan la implementación de un proceso de co-creation entre universidades y estudiante de posgrado así como las posibles áreas de aplicación de la misma dentro del proceso de compra y elección de un programa master. Por otra parte, también se ha demostrado, que con independencia de los resultados de este proceso, la co-creación en si misma resulta en mayores tasas de satisfacción, mejora en la fortaleza en la relación y mayor lealtad hacia la institución por parte del alumno. / [CAT] Actualment, les universitats es troben amb una competència cada vegada més gran pel que fa als seus programes de postgrau. Alhora que s'incrementa l'oferta per part de les institucions educatives, impera la necessitat per part de les universitats de millorar el seu coneixement sobre el mercat de postgrau, a causa de la falta d'investigació existent amb una literatura sobre màrqueting escassa. Tot això, ajudarà a les institucions educatives a desenvolupar estratègies competitives adequades per aconseguir atreure el talent dels estudiants de postgrau diferenciant-se de la competència. Aquesta orientació proactiva el mercat, passarà, com en molts altres mercats, per apostar per polítiques de màrqueting de éxitoexitosas, que permetin en un sentit o en un altre, innovar i diferenciar-se. Alhora, són molts els autors que relacionen aquesta orientació proactiva al mercat, amb la co-creation. En el cas específic del sector educatiu, la co-creation s'ha estudiat poc i sempre des d'una perspectiva d'estudiants universitaris, no de postgrau. Finalment, les conseqüències en l'alumne de postgrau de participar en aquests processos de co-creation des del punt de vista dels efectes en la seva satisfacció i lleialtat, és una cosa que tampoc s'ha estudiat. Aquest primer estudi quantitatiu ha suposat una validació del model proposat, de manera que es pot afirmar, que amb independència dels resultats obtinguts en el procés de co-creation, el mateix procés d'involucració de l'alumne en això, redundarà en una major satisfacció i lleialtat cap a la institució. Per tot això, la co-creation pot facilitar que les institucions educatives desenvolupin estratègies competitives diferenciadores que generaran tant una major satisfacció per a l'estudiant com la possibilitat d'aconseguir diferenciació gràcies la innovació que sorgeixi de ell mateix. Amb posterioritat a aquest primer estudi quantitatiu, es realitza un segon estudi si bé des d'un context Business to Business en pretendre mesurar les conseqüències de la co-creation a la satisfacció, fortalesa de la relació i lleialtat de l'estudiant, en aquest cas professional enviat per l'empresa, cap a la institució educativa. Aquest nou model d'equacions estructurals (SEM) és més ampli en variables i relacions que l'anterior, introduint la fortalesa de la relació. A més se centra en estudiants adults que en aquest cas són professionals enviats per les seves empreses a realitzar el programa màster, vessant Business to Business davant Business to Consumer l'anterior Les conclusions de l'estudi són que la co-creation on l'estudiant adult participa en el procés, porta a nivells més alts de satisfacció ia una major lleialtat cap a la institució educativa. Alhora, la nostra investigació mostra, que la fortalesa en la relació, està influenciada positivament per aquest procés de creació de valor si bé no hi ha entre la co-creation i la lleialtat. En aquest cas, la investigació només ha validat part del model. Així, aquesta part última de la nostra recerca torna a ser una reafirmació de la idea que la co-creation pot ser, en si mateixes, una eina beneficiosa per a les universitats per desenvolupar estratègies competitives que generin més valor per als seus clients i que també sigui difícil d'imitar per la competència Finalment assenyalar que els resultats d'aquest treball faciliten la implementació d'un procés de co-creation entre universitats i estudiant de postgrau així com les possibles àrees d'aplicació de la mateixa dins del procés de compra i elecció d'un programa màster. D'altra banda, també s'ha demostrat, que amb independència dels resultats d'aquest procés, la co-creació en si mateixa resulta en majors taxes de satisfacció, millora en la fortalesa en la relació i major lleialtat cap a la institució per part de l'alumne . / Peralt Rillo, A. (2015). Co-creation innovation for business programs for educational institutions [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/51462 / TESIS

Thesis (MTech (Business and Information Administration))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2019 / Various efforts have been made to address the issue of gender equality at the workplace. It can be noted that even though equal opportunities between men and women may exist, the discrimination of women is still immanent in the workplace for example gender bias, unequal opportunities and underrepresentation. Previous research has failed to give a clear picture on the impact of information, communication, and technologies on gender gaps. It is mostly generalised. This study evaluates the role of Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) in promoting gender equality in the workplace. The research explores different theoretical perspectives namely Gender Glass Ceiling, Equity Theory, Technology Acceptance Model, Gender Inequality and Discrimination, Critical Information Systems Theory and the Feminist Theory. The study used a qualitative research method and a case study design in order to fulfil the study’s objectives and aim. It was carried out at a selected higher education institution in South Africa. Purposive sampling was used and 19 research participants were interviewed both men and women. The data that was collected was transcribed, coded using open coding, analysed and interpreted using thematic analysis to make sense of the findings. Ethical codes of conduct such as truthfulness, confidentiality, anonymity, beneficence and data protection were employed due to the sensitive nature of the study. Results show that ICTs play a vital role in promoting gender equality. ICTs enable employees to become educated, skilled and knowledgeable becoming aware of their rights and fair practices in the workplace. ICTs also enhance both men and women empowerment in independency, decision making and self-actualisation. Fundamental recommendations are given by the researcher regarding ICTs and the promotion of gender equality in the workplace to enhance organisational performance. Organisations need to view ICTs as an integral part of business and enhance its use to promote gender equality.

El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar la relación entre el disfrute con la actividad física (AF) y la autoeficacia en el rendimiento escolar. Para ello se aplicó la escala de autoeficacia en el rendimiento académico (Cartagena, 2008) y la escala de disfrute de la actividad física (Fernández, Sánchez & Salinero, 2008) en una muestra de 442 estudiantes (62.7% mujeres y 37.3% varones), de 11 a 17 años pertenecientes al nivel secundario en instituciones educativas de Lima (colegio público 60.9% y colegio privado 39.1%). Para esta investigación se utilizó un diseño correlacional no experimental y un tipo de muestreo intencional no probabilístico. A partir de los resultados se pudo identificar una relación positiva y significativa entre ambas variables. Se recomienda implementar programas en las instituciones educativas, que promuevan la práctica continuada de la AF, pues es esencial para el desarrollo holístico del adolescente. / The aim of the present study was to identify the relationship between enjoyment with physical activity and self-efficacy in school performance. For this purpose, the self-efficacy scale in academic performance (Cartagena, 2008) and the scale of enjoyment of physical activity (Fernández, Sánchez & Salinero, 2008) were applied in a sample of 442 students (62.7% women and 37.3% males), from 11 to 17 years old belonging to the secondary level in educational institutions of Lima (public school 60.9% and private school 39.1%). A non-experimental correlational design and intentional non-probabilistic type of sampling are used for this research. From the results, it was possible to identify that there is a positive and significant relationship between both variables. Findings, in this study posited implement programs in educational institutions that promote the continued practice of physical activity, as it is essential for the holistic development of adolescents. / Tesis

Die Digitalisierung als gesellschaftlicher Gesamtprozess beeinflusst nicht nur unser Privatleben sondern auch im deutlich größeren Umfang unsere Erwerbstätigkeit. In dieser hat sich auf Grund des schnellen u. a. technologischen Wandels in den letzten 20 Jahren Fort- und Weiterbildung als Erfolgsfaktor herauskristallisiert (BMAS 2016, S.2ff). Daher stehen Bildungseinrichtungen unter dem Druck den veränderten Anforderungen mit ihren Angeboten gerecht zu werden. Während der akademische und der Grundlagenbereich der beruflichen (Erst-)Ausbildung von umfangreichen Förderprogrammen des Bundes1 (BMBF 2007 und folgende) profitierte, um Know-how und Strukturen aufzubauen, haben die privaten Bildungsanbieter im Bereich der Fort- und Weiterbildung auf Entwicklungen bisher besten Falls nur reagieren können anstatt Prozesse aktiv zu gestalten. Der vorliegende Beitrag soll einen Einblick in die aktuelle Situation von privatwirtschaftlichen Bildungseinrichtungen geben, die sich dem Thema Digitalisierung stellen müssen, und einen Lösungsansatz skizzieren.

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Education (Educational Management and Planning) in the Department of Educational Planning & Administration University of Zululand, 1999. / The South African School Act No. 84 of 1996, the White Paper on Education and Training of 1995 and many other policy documents on Education and Training in and after 1994, proposed greater involvement of major stakeholders, in particular, the educators, in the process of decision-making in educational institutions. This opened a chapter of a major transformational shift from the apartheid and bureaucratic governance to integration and democratic system of education. In this study, a small sample of educators in the Upper South Coast area of Durban South Region in Umbumbulu district has been chosen to investigate their responses to the issue of educator involvement in decision-making in schools. The questionnaire was used as the research instrument for this study. The major findings that emerged from the survey were as follows: The educators in the Upper South Coast area of Durban South Region regard the decisions made about the management of the school as directly affecting them. They believe that they have a major role to play in the management of the school and should therefore be not limited to the classroom. They support the participation in the planning, development and general management of the school but believe that they are not being trained by the Department to meet the challenges of a new democratic system. In particular, they (educators) believe that they lack skills in managing the school because they were not adequately prepared during their teacher training and no relevant in-service programs are currently organised for such developments. As recommendations to the above major findings, educator development holistic approach should be adopted to provide educators with basic managerial skills. The Department, Universities and Colleges must work jointly in organising short-term accredited courses for educators. The Department of Education must involve educators in the planning of in-service programs for educators. In order to create a favorable climate for educator development, it must be integrated with whole school development through, for example, school focussed in-service training.

Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited / This thesis provides a critical analysis of the development of the military staff officer education and training system in Ukraine. The chronological scope of research includes a period from January 1992 to December 1998. The research examines the status of officer training after the collapse of the Soviet Union and the reasons for the creation of a national higher military school in Ukraine. The research also covers the evolution of ideas and opinions on Ukraine's creation of its modern system of officer personnel training from 1992-1998. This thesis traces the process of the creation of the national system of the officer personnel training and its influence on the organization of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. It examines the roles of influential bodies of State power and military authorities in solving the conceptual questions of reforming the system of higher military education. The author describes and provides his own interpretation of the events, facts and phenomena related to the creation of the officer personnel training system and its influence on the creation of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. / Major, Ukrainian Army