No atual contexto, em que se faz amplo uso das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TICs) em processos de ensino-aprendizagem, este trabalho teve como ponto de partida a necessidade de se investigar os desafios, de ordem técnica e informacional, presentes no desenvolvimento e uso de Recursos Educacionais Abertos (REAs). Tendo os usuários (aprendizes) como protagonistas em tais processos e considerando suas necessidades informacionais, buscou-se refletir sobre os REAs na perspectiva da Ciência da Informação. A pesquisa, de abordagem qualitativa e natureza exploratória, foi desenvolvida com base em análise da literatura e estudo de caso em plataformas abertas de REAs, cujo acesso é público e de iniciativa do Ministério da Educação (MEC), configurando-se política pública. Dentre os resultados, verificou-se que, como fonte de informação, os REAs têm o potencial de viabilizar a apropriação da informação pelos seus usuários, o que ocorre a partir de uma interface digital. Constatou-se que, para fomentar tal apropriação, a interface, disponibilizada e adaptada aos diversos contextos de uso, deve funcionar como um espaço de mediação, o qual é oferecido aos usuários para acesso e uso dos REAs. Dessa forma, concluiu-se que, dentre os desafios presentes na produção e no uso de REAs, destaca-se a devida compreensão de variáveis como: linguagens, fluxos de informação, instituições, técnicas, contextos de produção e uso, e os usuários de tais recursos, incluindo compreensão de aspectos culturais, uma vez que os usuários (aprendizes) são os protagonistas de todo o processo de ensino-aprendizagem. / In the current context, in which the Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are widely used in teaching-learning processes, this work had as its starting point the need to investigate the technical and informational challenges present in the development and use of Open Educational Resources (OERs). Considering users (students) as protagonists in such processes and their informational needs, we sought to reflect on the OERs in the perspective of Information Science. The research, with a qualitative and exploratory approaches, was developed based on analysis of the literature and a case study on open platforms of OERs, whose access is public and on the initiative of the Brazilian Ministério da Educação (MEC, in English, Ministry of Education), setting up public policy. Among the results, it was verified that, as a source of information, OERs have the potential to enable the appropriation of information by its users, which occurs from a digital interface. It was found that, to promote such appropriation, the interface, available and adapted to the different contexts of use, should function as a space of mediation, which is offered to users to access and use of OERs. In this way, it was concluded that, among the challenges presents in the production and use of OERs, we must highlight the proper understanding of variables such as: languages, information flows, institutions, techniques, production and use contexts, and users of such resources, including understanding cultural aspects, since the users (students) are the protagonists of the entire teaching-learning process.

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul / This research investigated how science teachers from public schools select topics for teaching the subject the human eye and which teaching resources they used. The second part of the research analyzed the conceptions of the students of the 8th grade of elementary school about the subject. Different teaching resources were applied: the presentation of lecture, three-dimensional model of the eye, exercises with pictures on the computer and practical activities like hole camera . The resource effectivity are evaluated by pre- and post-tests. The presentation of the theme was concluded with the application of a visual acuity test in order to encourage the promotion of health at school. Evaluations revealed the potential of the resources used, and the motivation that these ludic activities provide . These results reinforce the importance and the need to use different methods in elementary school. / Esta pesquisa investigou como professores de ciências do ensino fundamental de escolas públicas selecionam tópicos para o ensino do assunto visão e quais recursos didáticos utilizam na apresentação de suas aulas. A segunda parte da pesquisa analisou a concepção dos estudantes do 8º ano do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública, sobre o sentido da visão. Na sequência foram aplicados diferentes recursos didáticos para o ensino sobre a visão: a apresentação de aula expositiva, modelo tridimensional, exercícios com figuras no computador e atividades práticas de construção de câmera de orifício são avaliadas através de pré e pós-testes. A apresentação do tema visão foi encerrada com a aplicação de um Teste de Acuidade visual com o objetivo de incentivar a promoção da saúde na escola. As avaliações evidenciaram a potencialidade dos recursos utilizados, bem como a motivação que essas atividades lúdicas e diferenciadas proporcionaram. Os resultados desta pesquisa reforçam a importância e a necessidade da utilização de diferentes metodologias no ensino fundamental.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-02-02T10:34:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 giselebarbosa.pdf: 1866961 bytes, checksum: 5643ef3c50da178f29178554ce1c54dd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-02-02T11:43:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 giselebarbosa.pdf: 1866961 bytes, checksum: 5643ef3c50da178f29178554ce1c54dd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-02T11:43:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 giselebarbosa.pdf: 1866961 bytes, checksum: 5643ef3c50da178f29178554ce1c54dd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-28 / Este estudo propõe a utilização dos objetos de aprendizagem para o ensino de educação financeira nas escolas, cujos objetivos advêm das propostas pedagógicas de inserção da educação financeira na escola. No entanto, muitos desses recursos precisam ser avaliados e analisados quanto aos aspectos tecnológicos e pedagógicos, que os tornam úteis para os professores. Essa deficiência, por vezes pode inviabilizar sua utilização e reutilização. Nesta direção, indagamos sobre quais são os aspectos tecnológicos e pedagógicos analisáveis de um objeto de aprendizagem para que sejam considerados como recurso educacional para o ensino de educação financeira escolar? A trajetória desse estudo ocorreu através da análise e avaliação de objetos de aprendizagem. Observamos ainda a pluralidade de aspectos mencionados para caracterizar os objetos de aprendizagem. Em decorrência disso, entendemos a dificuldade em desenvolver um recurso que atenda a todos eles. Outro resultado desta pesquisa foi que os materiais que serviram à nossa investigação, embora apresentassem muitos aspectos do checklist da pesquisa, esbarram em questões importantes e aspectos que comprometem a característica de utilização e reutilização atribuídas aos objetos de aprendizagem. O cruzamento das informações nas etapas de avaliação e análise dos objetos da pesquisa nos serviu de orientação para o desenvolvimento de um produto educacional, o qual foi mostrado na forma de um manual para o professor se orientar quanto ao uso de um objeto de aprendizagem para educação financeira escolar. / This study proposes the use of learning objects for teaching financial education in schools, whose goals involve insertion of pedagogical proposals financial education at school. However, many of these features need to be evaluated and analyzed regarding the pedagogical and technological aspects, which make them useful for teachers. This deficiency can sometimes derail its use and re-use. This study set out to inquire about: what are the technological and pedagogical aspects of a learning object analyzable for them to be considered as educational resource for teaching school financial education? The trajectory of this study occurred through the analysis and evaluation of learning objects. We observe the plurality of aspects mentioned to characterize the learning objects. As a result, we understand the difficulty in developing a resource that meets all of them. Another result of this research was that the materials used in our research, although present many aspects of the checklist of research, based on important issues and aspects that compromise the use and reuse characteristic assigned to learning objects. The intersection of information in steps of evaluation and analysis of search objects in served as a guideline for the development of an educational product, which was shown in the form of a prototype of a learning object. We observe the plurality of aspects mentioned to characterize the learning objects. As a result, we understand the difficulty in developing a resource that meets all of them. Another result of this research was that the materials used in our research, although present many aspects of the checklist of research, based on important issues and aspects that compromise the use and reuse characteristic assigned to learning objects. The intersection of information in steps of evaluation and analysis of search objects in served as a guideline for the development of an educational product, which was shown in the form of a prototype of a learning object for financial education in schools.

Целью данной магистерской диссертации является разработка электронного образовательного ресурса в составе информационно-методического обеспечения учебного курса «Инструменты бизнес-планирования». Для достижения поставленной цели были сформулированы следующие задачи:  изучить теоретические основы создания и применения ЭОР в учебном процессе;  исследовать влияние применения ЭОР на качество обучения;  изучить требования к разработке ЭОР УрФУ;  рассмотреть существующие системы для создания и размещения электронных ресурсов;  рассмотреть особенности преподавания информационных дисциплин и разработки для них электронных ресурсов;  изучить современный рынок информационных систем бизнес планирования и провести анализ их возможностей;  выбрать наиболее актуальную ИС для разработки по ней учебного курса;  разработать методические материалы, учебные и контрольные задания для курса;  разместить и провести апробацию ЭОР. Объектом исследования является Уральский федеральный университет, а предметом – ЭОР учебного курса «Инструменты бизнес-планирования». Электронный ресурс прошел апробацию на группе ЭМВ-343434у 3 курса бакалавриата заочной формы обучения направления «Прикладная информатика» в 6-м семестре. В результате, разработка электронного ресурса «Инструменты бизнес-планирования» позволила:  обеспечить курс учебно-методическими материалами;  обеспечить освоение содержания дисциплины на высоком уровне за счет использования современных и актуальных средств обучения. / In modern conditions of Informatization of the universal change and the ways of receiving and perceiving information. Teaching methods must conform to modern realities, so in the teaching process more and more systems that open access to educational and methodical materials. The purpose of this thesis is the development of electronic educational resource in the training course "Instruments of business planning". A problem has been discovered, consisting in the lack of training and methodological support for the course "Tools of business planning" The solution to this problem was to create the model ASIS for the selected course, as well as a comparison of information systems for distance learning and selected the most suitable for the development of an electronic educational resource. The results of the thesis were used in the educational process of the Ural Federal University in the training of students in the field of training "Applied Informatics".

В работе проанализированы предпосылки для разработки и внедрения в процесс обучения студентов электронного образовательного ресурса по дисциплине Физическая культура. В результате исследования разработан и внедрен в учебный процесс Тюменского государственного университета МООК «Физическая культура» для лиц с ограниченными возможностями здоровья ориентирован на студентов не физкультурных направлений подготовки и слушателей, интересующихся вопросами физической культуры и здоровьеформирующего поведения. / The dissertation research analyzes all-Russian competitions in cheer sports, identifies problems and suggests ways to solve them. A model of cheerleading competitions is developed based on the example of a city competition in Yekaterinburg. The developed measures for organizing competitions can be used in planning and conducting competitions in cheer sports of municipalities of the Sverdlovsk region, Russia.

Notre recherche doctorale porte sur l’influence des pratiques d’enseignement du code alphabétique sur les progrès des élèves de cours préparatoire. Elle a pour objectif d’identifier des pratiques pédagogiques efficaces et de contribuer à la réflexion sur la formation professionnelle des enseignants. Elle constitue l’un des volets d’une enquête collective de grande ampleur dirigée par Roland Goigoux qui visait à évaluer l’influence des pratiques d’enseignement de la lecture et de l’écriture sur la qualité des apprentissages.La première partie de notre recherche est consacrée à la mise en évidence de relations causales entre les pratiques d’enseignement du code alphabétique et les performances des élèves en décodage et en orthographe. Nous nous intéressons tout d’abord à la question de la planification de l’enseignement, plus précisément à la vitesse d’étude des correspondances entre les graphèmes et les phonèmes (tempo) et à la part déchiffrable des textes utilisés comme supports d’enseignement de la lecture (rendement effectif). Nos résultats soulignent l’influence significative de ces deux variables sur la qualité des apprentissages, cette influence s’exerçant de manière différenciée selon le niveau des élèves à l’entrée du cours préparatoire. En outre, nous proposons une progression de l’étude du code alphabétique fondée sur la fréquence théorique des correspondances graphèmes-phonèmes des textes écrits en français standard pouvant servir de référence aux enseignants. Nous étudions également les effets du temps d’enseignement de l’encodage sur les acquisitions scolaires, effets qui se révèlent significatifs et positifs mais qui varient selon la nature des tâches proposées et les publics ciblés.Dans la seconde partie de notre thèse, nous nous attachons à comprendre et à documenter la conduite de l’activité de maitres expérimentés de cours préparatoire à des fins de formation professionnelle. Nous analysons une situation de référence de l’enseignement du lire-écrire à partir des enregistrements vidéo de trente-six séances de lecture collectives. Puis, nous décrivons des scénarios pédagogiques prototypiques et nous posons les bases d’une formation destinée à développer les compétences professionnelles des enseignants. Nous soulevons notamment la problématique de l’articulation de la résolution de tâches de code et de compréhension et celle de l’autonomie de déchiffrage offerte aux élèves. Nous présentons enfin la plateforme numérique que nous avons élaborée et qui permet de déterminer la part déchiffrable des textes utilisés lors des séances de lecture collectives. Cette plateforme nommée Anagraph aide les enseignants à planifier l’étude des correspondances graphophonémiques et à choisir des textes adaptés à l’enseignement de la lecture / Our doctoral research focuses on the influence of phonics instruction on first-grade students’ progress. Its purpose is to identify effective teaching practices and to contribute to the training of teachers. This research is part of a larger study conducted by Roland Goigoux, which aimed to assess the influence of reading and writing on the quality of learning.The first part of our research examines causal relationships between the characteristics of phonics instruction and students’ performances in decoding and spelling. First, we study the influence of the speed of teaching of grapheme-phoneme relationships (tempo) and of the decodable part of texts used to teach reading (rendement effectif). Our results reveal a significant influence of these two variables on the quality of learning, this influence being different according to students’ initial levels. Besides, we propose a planning of the phonics instruction based on the theoretical frequency of the grapheme-phoneme correspondences in texts written in standard French which can serve as references for the teachers. We also study the effects of the teaching time allocated to encoding tasks on reading achievement, effects which appear to be significant and positive but which vary according to the nature of the tasks and to students’ characteristics.In the second part of our dissertation, we attempt to analyze and document teaching practices of experienced first-grade teachers for training purposes. We analyze a reference situation of the teaching of reading and writing from the video recordings of thirty six collective sessions of reading. Then, we describe prototypical teaching scenarios and lay the foundations for a training intended to develop the professional skills of the teachers. Specifically, we raise the issue of the relationship between the resolution of decoding and understanding tasks and the autonomy that decoding success afforded the students. We finally present the digital platform we designed, which allows calculating the decodable part of texts used during reading instruction. This platform named Anagraph has been designed to help teachers plan the study of the grapheme-phoneme correspondences and to choose texts adapted to their teaching

The conclusions of the first Chapter represent the results of the study of theoretical materials. The second Chapter is devoted to the development of an electronic educational resource. These are called requirements, principles, and conditions. The necessity and structure of the ESM scenario plan are determined. The plan-EOR prospectus for the discipline is shown. / Работа включает анализ информационно-образовательной среды, электронный образовательный ресурс как компонент информационной образовательной среды, типы и классы ЭОР, рассматривается ЭОР как дидактическое средство. Посвящена разработке электронного образовательного ресурса. Называются требования, принципы, условия. Определена необходимость и структура сценарного плана ЭОР. Показан план-проспект ЭОР для учебной дисциплины.