The focal point in this study is the pastoral counselling and care of the heavy-hearted or depressed teenager who struggles with fear. The basic-theoretical perspective (chapter 2) emphasises the importance of counselling of the teenager from a Biblical viewpoint to be a testimony of the greatness of God. The fear that the teenager suffers from, is also described as the enemy who poses a threat to the inner being of the person. Therefore this type of threat can often lead to the total destruction of the inner being of a teenager. An intimate relationship with God enables a person to seek refuge in God from any problem he or she might experience. This relationship with God will guarantee the person of His full protection. It is of the utmost importance for an adolescent to seek wisdom and follow their parental guidelines. It is also important for young people to make the correct choices to enjoy the protection and guidance of God. They must also continually ponder over and treasure the guidance of their parents. The meta-theoretical perspective (chapters 3 and 4) focusses on the contribution and applicability of neighbouring sciences such as psychology, sociology and criminology. It was proven among other aspects that emotional hurt in different areas, was the reason for serious damage to the inner being of teenagers. In many cases the result was amongst others an identity crisis as well as a low self-esteem. At the end of this section temporary guidelines are suggested to aid the counselling of the depressed teenager who suffers from excessive fear. The section on empirical research (chapter 4) as a sub-section of the meta-theoretical research, introduced four case-studies regarding teenagers who had traumatic experiences and as a result suffered from multiple negative emotions. In all four cases it became evident that these emotions were eventually the result of a life without any joy or meaning. A very important factor regarding their negative self-image or self-perception seemed to be the absence of role-models. The further result repeatedly seemed to be a distorted relationship with God and fellow-men. In the section on practical-theoretical perspectives (chapter 5) an attempt is made to formulate an adapted practice theory through a hermeneutical interaction between basis-theoretical guidelines and meta-theoretical perspectives that can be applied to the guidance of the emotionally wounded teenager who is wrestling with fear. Included hereby is then a proposed model with some practical guidelines. / Thesis (MA (Pastoral Studies))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

The focal point in this study is the pastoral counselling and care of the heavy-hearted or depressed teenager who struggles with fear. The basic-theoretical perspective (chapter 2) emphasises the importance of counselling of the teenager from a Biblical viewpoint to be a testimony of the greatness of God. The fear that the teenager suffers from, is also described as the enemy who poses a threat to the inner being of the person. Therefore this type of threat can often lead to the total destruction of the inner being of a teenager. An intimate relationship with God enables a person to seek refuge in God from any problem he or she might experience. This relationship with God will guarantee the person of His full protection. It is of the utmost importance for an adolescent to seek wisdom and follow their parental guidelines. It is also important for young people to make the correct choices to enjoy the protection and guidance of God. They must also continually ponder over and treasure the guidance of their parents. The meta-theoretical perspective (chapters 3 and 4) focusses on the contribution and applicability of neighbouring sciences such as psychology, sociology and criminology. It was proven among other aspects that emotional hurt in different areas, was the reason for serious damage to the inner being of teenagers. In many cases the result was amongst others an identity crisis as well as a low self-esteem. At the end of this section temporary guidelines are suggested to aid the counselling of the depressed teenager who suffers from excessive fear. The section on empirical research (chapter 4) as a sub-section of the meta-theoretical research, introduced four case-studies regarding teenagers who had traumatic experiences and as a result suffered from multiple negative emotions. In all four cases it became evident that these emotions were eventually the result of a life without any joy or meaning. A very important factor regarding their negative self-image or self-perception seemed to be the absence of role-models. The further result repeatedly seemed to be a distorted relationship with God and fellow-men. In the section on practical-theoretical perspectives (chapter 5) an attempt is made to formulate an adapted practice theory through a hermeneutical interaction between basis-theoretical guidelines and meta-theoretical perspectives that can be applied to the guidance of the emotionally wounded teenager who is wrestling with fear. Included hereby is then a proposed model with some practical guidelines. / Thesis (MA (Pastoral Studies))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

Purpose of the study was to illustrate how emotional competence can be important for leadership and to explore the possibility of improving emotion perception ability after training. Participants in this study were 40 managers, divided into control and experimental group, within public administration. The participants implemented a data-based emotion perception test, which were done twice at every occasion, with intervention consisting of information or education between test- and retest. The result showed a clear improvement after intervention, in which no difference was found between control and experimental group, which has been discussed on the basis of the likelihood of a training effect occurred between test-retest. Conclusions about emotional competence or leadership ability could not be drawn from the results of the emotion perception test. The possibility of development of emotion perception ability is however worthy of consideration in the planning of leadership training as well as in the recruitment of managers. / Studiens syfte var att belysa hur emotionell kompetens kan ha betydelse för ledarskapet samt att undersöka möjligheten till förbättring av emotionsperceptionsförmågan efter utbildning. Deltagarna i denna studie var 40 chefer, fördelade i kontroll- och experimentgrupp, inom offentlig förvaltning. Deltagarna genomförde ett databaserat emotionsperceptionstest, som gjordes två gånger vid varje tillfälle, med intervention bestående av information eller utbildning mellan före- och eftertest. Resultatet visade en tydlig förbättring efter intervention, där ingen skillnad fanns mellan kontroll- och experimentgrupp, vilket har diskuterats utifrån sannolikheten att en träningseffekt uppstått mellan före- och eftertest. Slutsatser om emotionell kompetens eller ledarskapsförmåga kunde inte göras utifrån resultatet av emotionsperceptionstestet. Möjligheten till utveckling av emotionsperceptionsförmågan är dock värd att beakta vid planering av ledarskapsutbildningar samt vid rekrytering av chefer.

Thesis (Ph.D. (Clinical Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006.

In the last two decades of the twentieth century in particular, a renewed interest arose in the relationship between music making and intelligence. This yet again led to the question of whether or not music making has any influence on intelligence. As a result of popular views, incorrect and incomplete reports and research which has not been based on an adequate scientific foundation, however, claims about the potential of making music to increase intelligence are currently being questioned. Even though the literature study could not prove beyond all doubt that music making increases intelligence, it is nevertheless significant that most of the top achievers in the matric final examination make music, play in orchestras or sing in choirs. The main objective of the study is to determine the nature of the relationship between music making and intelligence. A further aim of the study is also to establish whether the making of music contributes towards equipping learners with life skills which enable them to be successful in their lives later on. In addition to the literature study, this study also includes an empirical investigation. For the purposes of this study the Baron Emotional Quotient Inventory: Youth Version was used. The experimental group consisted of forty nine learners who are members of either the Northwest Youth Orchestra or the Musikhane orchestra. A control group consisting of fifty learners from the same schools as the experimental group was involved as well. In-depth interviews were also held with the conductors of respectively the Northwest Youth Orchestra and the Musikhane orchestra. Questionnaires were completed by music teachers in the Northwest Province and by some of the Musikhane workers, in order to compare the qualitative results of the questionnaires and interviews with the quantitative results of the BarOn EQ-i:YV questionnaire. The findings of the study are based on an empirical study, which includes qualitative and quantitative testing. It was indicated, amongst others, that the positive influence of music making on academic achievement is to be found on the affective rather than the cognitive level. Furthermore, music making equips learners with certain life skills, like self-discipline, self-confidence and good inter- and intrapersonal relationships, which help them to be successful in other areas of their lives, such as their school work. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Music))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2004.

Nurses' working environment, together with their patient relationships, can elicit emotions which they will need to manage in order to perform successfully in their daily work activities. It is for this reason that it is crucial that sound emotional intelligence measures should be developed which hospitals can utilise to identify emotionally intelligent individuals for emotionally laden jobs or even to identify their developmental needs within the area of emotional intelligence. The objective of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS) developed by Schutte and colleagues in 1998 within a nursing environment. A convenience random sample of 5 11 nurses was taken from hospitals located in the areas of Klerksdorp, Potchefstroom, Krugersdorp, Johannesburg and Pretoria. The EIS was used as a measuring instrument. Cronbach alpha coefficients, Pearson-product correlation coefficients and MANOVAS were used to analyse the data. The results showed a 5-factor solution for the EIS, which explained 50,04% of the total variance. All of the five dimensions had adequate internal consistencies, except for the Negative Emotions dimension. Lastly, group differences were identified between personnel area and emotional intelligence, as well as between race and emotional intelligence levels. Recommendations were made for future research. / Thesis (M.Com. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006.

Nurses of today have many more responsibilities and duties they must cope with. With the HIV and AIDS numbers rising in South Africa it is important that the morale of nurses be kept healthy. The strain of their work environment can be hard to cope with, so it is necessary that nurses learn how to manage their emotions when working in order to avoid burnout and disengagement from happening. and to make better use of job resources. The objective of this research is to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence, job characteristics. burnout and engagement within the nursing environment in South Africa. A cross-sectional survey design was used. A non-probability convenience sample was taken from 511 nurses in hospitals and clinics in the Gauteng- and North-West Provinces. The Emotional Intelligence Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory) - Human Services Survey, Utrecht Work Engagement Scale and Work Evaluation Scale were used as measuring instruments. Cronbach alpha coefficients. Pearson-product correlation coefficients and Spearman-product correlation coefficients were used to analyse the data. The results showed that positive state is positively related to vigour/dedication, professional efficacy. own emotions: emotions: other and emotional management. Own emotions and emotional management also correlated positively with professional efficacy and emotions: other. Workload and communication demands are positively related to payment, emotional labour, work environment and emotional exhaustion. The results also identified emotional exhaustion and mental exhaustion to be negatively related to vigour/dedication. while emotional exhaustion is positively related to mental exhaustion, job security, and staff support. Payment correlates positively with staff support, while emotional labour and overtime are positively related to work environment. The proposed structural model show that there are clear paths between job demands and job resources; job demands. emotional intelligence and work wellness; job resources, emotional intelligence and work wellness: job demands and burnout; and job resources and work wellness. Recommendations were made for the nursing profession and for future research purposes. / Thesis (M.Com. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006.

As result of economic uncertainty, rapid technological developments and continuous change, effective organisational transformation is required to ensure a competitive advantage. Transformational leadership is characterised by the ability to bring about significant organisational change. Transformational leadership is visionary-orientated and based on deeply fundamental values. This intrinsic value system which is a dimension of spirituality forms a spiritual foundation that guides and directs leaders' behaviour. Recognising leadership as the manifestation of a leader's spiritual core has emerged from recent research, but no research studies could be found to confirm the relationship empirically speaking between transformational leadership and spiritual intelligence. Subsequently the aim of this research is to determine the relationship between transformational leadership and spiritual intelligence and how it is manifested in managers of a utility company. A literature study was undertaken to analyse the concepts of transformational leadership, spiritual intelligence and the key dimensions that described them. It leads to the conclusion that spiritual intelligence implies the "capacity to think with one's soul", bringing with it self development that may pre-dispose leaders to use transformational behaviour. In the empirical study with a group of 56 managers from a utility company, their transformational leadership behaviour and spiritual intelligence levels were assessed by means of self-evaluation via the following measuring instruments: Leadership Practices Inventory (LPI) (Kouzes & Posner, 1998) and a Spiritual Intelligence questionnaire developed by Minnaar (2005). Feedback from 97% of the managers of the utility company yields the following results: good reliability indices for measuring instruments, and that a significant meaningful correlation exists between transformational leadership and spiritual intelligence. The results of this study prove a relationship between transformational leadership and spiritual intelligence as manifested amongst managers of a utility company. The contribution of this study is to be found in that research was done on the relationship between two leadership elements, which had not previously been researched. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006

Apart from the exceptional landscapes, ideal weather, cultural diversity and other characteristics that typify South Africa, crime and HIV/AIDS are two of the most pressing phrases linked to our country. Victims of crime are at high risk of suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder. Many interventions have been initiated by the government to assist victims in overcoming the effects of crime, HIV/ AIDS and other social health problems on an emotional level, one of which is counselling. The paradigm shift from curing towards caring for HIV/AIDS positive individuals increased the demand for non-professional counsellors. However, without acquiring critical skills and attributes such as emotional intelligence, coping skills and so forth during a professional training programme, non-professional counsellors are at higher risk of suffering from secondary stress disorder. A neglected area as far as non-professional counsellors is concerned, is the well-being of the counsellors. It therefore becomes necessary to conduct research on the health of non-professional counsellors. The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence, coping and health of non-professional counsellors in the North-West and Gauteng provinces. A cross-sectional survey design with an availability sample (N = 172) was taken from clinics and institutions where counselling was provided to victims of HIV/AIDS and social problems in the North-West and Gauteng Provinces. The Emotional Intelligence Scale, COPE and Health Subscale of the ASSET were used as measuring instruments. The factor analysis confirmed two factors for emotional intelligence, consisting of emotion expression and appraisal and emotion utilisation. Four factors were confirmed for coping, namely approach coping, avoidance, turning to religion and seeking emotional support. Health was found to comprise psychological health and physical health. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients were used to specify the relationships between the variables. Results showed a statistically significant positive correlation between emotion expression and appraisal, emotion utilisation, as well as approach to coping and seeking emotional support. Emotion utilisation was statistically significantly positively correlated with seeking emotional support. Approach to coping was statistically significantly positively correlated with seeking emotional support, while avoidance was statistically significantly positively correlated with physical health. Turning to religion was statistically significantly positively correlated with seeking emotional support, and psychological health was statistically significantly positively correlated with physical health. Multiple regression analyses showed that nine per cent of the variance in psychological health was predicted by emotion expression, appraisal and emotion utilisation, whereas 19 per cent of the variance in psychological health was predicted by emotional intelligence and approach to coping strategies. The only significant predictors of psychological health were emotion utilisation and avoidance. Furthermore, the multiple regression analyses also showed that 15 per cent of the variance in physical health was predicted by emotion expression and appraisal, emotion utilisation, approach coping, avoidance, turning to religion and seeking emotional support. The only significant predictor of physical health was avoidance. Recommendations were made for future research. / Thesis (M.Com. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.

Thesis (Ph.D. (Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.