A presente dissertação estuda a participação de pessoas com deficiências no mercado de trabalho. No primeiro capítulo, ventila-se a trajetória histórica da pessoa com deficiência desde a Idade Antiga até a Idade Contemporânea. A seguir, analisa-se a terminologia apropriada para denominar a pessoa que possui alguma forma de deficiência. No segundo capítulo, abordam-se as principais normas do Direito Internacional atinentes ao tema. A seguir, analisa-se o modo como a relação de emprego das pessoas com deficiência é abordada pelo Direito estrangeiro. No terceiro capítulo, discorre-se sobre a evolução do ordenamento jurídico brasileiro diante do tema, ponderando-se a aplicação da Constituição Federal e da Lei n. 8.213/91, bem como o papel do Ministério Público do Trabalho e do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego e, ainda, os mecanismos e incentivos para o cumprimento da legislação. No quarto capítulo, são verificadas as peculiaridades do contrato de trabalho das pessoas com deficiência, analisando-se se a realidade brasileira observa os direitos assegurados pelas leis e pelo texto constitucional vigente, sopesando-se a existência de meios eficazes de fiscalização, incentivo e, até mesmo, exigência de contratação. Para a elaboração do presente estudo, utilizam-se os métodos indutivo com a coleta de elementos para análise e elaboração do tema para posterior discussão e conclusão , analítico-sintético com o exame de textos jurídicos e não jurídicos e comparativo com a análise das características e da influência de diversas legislações nas condições de trabalho das pessoas com deficiência em momentos cronológicos distintos. São utilizadas a pesquisa bibliográfica e jurisprudencial, bem como a efetiva análise de textos legais. / This dissertation studies the participation of people with disabilities in the labor market. The first chapter talks about the historical trajectory of people with disabilities, from the Ancient Age to the Contemporary Age. Next, we analyze the appropriate terminology to describe the person who has some form of disability. In the second chapter we discuss the main rules of international law relating to the theme. Next, we analyze how the ratio of employment of people with disabilities is addressed by foreign law. The third chapter discusses the evolution of Brazilian law on the subject, considering the application of the Constitution and the Law 8.213/91, as well as the role of the Public Ministry of Labor and the Ministry of Labor and Employment, and also the mechanisms and incentives for compliance. In the fourth chapter, we investigate the peculiarities of employment of people with disabilities by analyzing if the Brazilian reality observes the rights guaranteed by the Constitution and laws in force, weighing up the existence of effective means of enforcement, encouragement, and even hiring requirement. In this study, we use the inductive method collecting elements for analysis and preparation of the issue for further discussion and conclusion , analytic-synthetic method examining legal and non-legal texts , and comparative method analyzing the characteristics and influence of various laws in working conditions of disabled people in different chronological moments. We searched the literature and jurisprudence, as well as the effective analysis of legal texts.

Apesar dos diversos estudos realizados com motoristas de caminhão, poucas pesquisas estudaram o trabalho desses profissionais baseando-se na descrição da atividade feita pelo próprio trabalhador. O conhecimento dos próprios motoristas sobre sua atividade, assim como dos acidentes pode contribuir para a elaboração de medidas para a redução de acidentes, bem como ações que visem à promoção de saúde destes trabalhadores. O objetivo do presente estudo foi conhecer e analisar a atividade, aspectos da organização do trabalho e acidentes de motoristas de caminhão com diferentes vínculos empregatícios, partindo do relato dos próprios trabalhadores. O estudo realizou-se em uma empresa transportadora localizada no estado de São Paulo, no ano de 2010. Realizou-se um estudo qualitativo tendo como método utilizado, a Análise Coletiva do Trabalho. Foram realizados quatro encontros, nos quais grupos de motoristas de caminhão, voluntários, descreveram às pesquisadoras sua atividade; não existiu um número pré-determinado de participantes para esse estudo. A partir dos dados obtidos, construíram-se as seguintes categorias: trabalho, saúde, repercussões do trabalho na vida familiar e social; vínculos empregatícios e acidentes de trabalho. Os resultados obtidos foram validados em reunião com os próprios trabalhadores. Quatro tipos de vínculos empregatícios foram encontrados na população de estudo: contratados, agregados, terceirizados e quarteirizados. Trabalhadores contratados e agregados queixaram-se do sistema de rastreamento e da atividade de enlonar e desenlonar o caminhão, diferentemente do relato dos terceirizados. Por outro lado, o relato dos terceirizados é semelhante ao dos agregados, pois em ambos os vínculos há possibilidade de maior autonomia no trabalho, maior retorno financeiro e escolha da data de retorno para casa. Entretanto, a instabilidade financeira e o desamparo de direitos trabalhistas são queixas freqüentes desses trabalhadores, o que não ocorre com os motoristas contratados. Dentre os vínculos estudados, motoristas agregados e quarteirizados são os que apresentam as condições de trabalho mais difíceis. O uso de drogas; o cansaço físico e mental; as ultrapassagens; a falta de profissionais qualificados no mercado; o sistema de rastreamento; a comissão e determinados tipos de carga estão relacionados aos acidentes envolvendo esses profissionais / Although there have been various studies of truck drivers, few studies have studied the work of these professionals based on a description of activities performed by the workers themselves. An understanding of accidents as well as the knowledge of the drivers about their own activities, can contribute to the development of measures to reduce accidents, and actions for the promotion of workers health. The aim of this study was to analyze the activity and aspects of work organization and accidents of truck drivers with different employment status, based on the report of the workers themselves. The study took place in 2010 at a transportation company located in São Paulo state. We conducted a qualitative study using the Collective Analysis of Work method. There were four meetings held in which groups of truck drivers, volunteers, described their activities to researchers; there was no pre-determined number of participants for this study. From the data obtained, we constructed the following categories: work, health, impact of work on family and social life and occupational accidents. The results were validated in a meeting with the workers themselves. Four types of employment contracts were found in the population studied: contractors, Aggregated contractors (own front part of truck only), and third-party contractors (own entire vehicle) and fourth party contractors (subcontractors to third-party contractors.) Contract workers and aggregate contractors complained about the tracking system and having to cover and uncover the truck, unlike the report of the third-party contractors. On the other hand, the third-party contractor report is similar to that of the aggregates, because in both job types there is the possibility of greater autonomy at work, greater financial return and the choice of the date to return home. However, financial instability and the relinquishing of labor rights are frequent complaints of these workers, which do not occur with hired drivers. Among the job types studied, aggregate drivers and forth party contractors are those with the most difficult working conditions. The use of drugs, physical and mental fatigue; overtaking, the lack of skilled professionals in the market, the tracking system, commission payment basis, and certain types of cargo are related to accidents involving these professionals

Le contrat de travail du footballeur professionnel est soumis à de nombreuses influences du droit. Le droit du travail tout d’abord, qui encadre strictement sa formation et sa rupture. Le footballeur professionnel est lié à son club par un contrat de travail à durée déterminée d'usage. Le droit de la responsabilité civile ensuite qui permet d’engager la responsabilité du footballeur. Enfin, le droit administratif est susceptible de réglementer les rapports qu’entretient le footballeur avec la fédération Française de football qui détient une délégation de service public. Il résulte de toutes ces influences une spécificité. Celle-ci se caractérise par l’existence d’un environnement particulier dans lequel évolue avec le footballeur avec plusieurs fédérations sportives qui édictent des normes sportives ou la possibilité de saisir le tribunal arbitral du sport. Le contrat de travail du footballeur professionnel se démarque du droit commun du CDD. En effet, ce contrat de travail doit faire l'objet d'une homologation à la ligue de football professionnel. En matière de responsabilité, les juges imposent la commission d’une faute caractérisée par la violation des règles du jeu. Il sera démontré que si le contrat de travail du footballeur professionnel pris dans son ensemble n’est pas spécifique, des points précis lors de sa conclusion, son exécution ou de sa rupture démontre effectivement que ce contrat est spécifique. Nous parlerons d'une spécificité à géométrie variable du contrat de travail du footballeur professionnel / The employment contract of a professional footballer is subject to many influences of the law. Firstly, Labour law strictly regulates its development and limitations. The professional footballer is tied to his club by a fixed term contract. Then, civil liability engages the footballer's liability. Finally, administrative law may regulate the footballer’s relationship with the French Football Federation which holds a public service delegation. The result of all these influences specificity. It is characterised by the existence of a particular environment in which the footballer with several sports federations enact sporting standards or the possibility of seizing the Court of Arbitration for Sport. The professional footballer’s employment contract differs from regular fixed term contracts. As a matter of fact, the employment contract is subject to the approval of a professional football league. With respect to accountability, judges require the commission of gross negligence by the breach of rules. At the European level, the football authorities have set up the system of association-trained player. This system is contrary to the freedom of movement of EU workers. It will be shown that if the employment contract of professional footballers as a whole is not specific, precise points at its conclusion, its execution or its rupture actually demonstrates that this contract is specific. We will speak of a specific variable geometry of the employment contract professional footballer

Apesar dos diversos estudos realizados com motoristas de caminhão, poucas pesquisas estudaram o trabalho desses profissionais baseando-se na descrição da atividade feita pelo próprio trabalhador. O conhecimento dos próprios motoristas sobre sua atividade, assim como dos acidentes pode contribuir para a elaboração de medidas para a redução de acidentes, bem como ações que visem à promoção de saúde destes trabalhadores. O objetivo do presente estudo foi conhecer e analisar a atividade, aspectos da organização do trabalho e acidentes de motoristas de caminhão com diferentes vínculos empregatícios, partindo do relato dos próprios trabalhadores. O estudo realizou-se em uma empresa transportadora localizada no estado de São Paulo, no ano de 2010. Realizou-se um estudo qualitativo tendo como método utilizado, a Análise Coletiva do Trabalho. Foram realizados quatro encontros, nos quais grupos de motoristas de caminhão, voluntários, descreveram às pesquisadoras sua atividade; não existiu um número pré-determinado de participantes para esse estudo. A partir dos dados obtidos, construíram-se as seguintes categorias: trabalho, saúde, repercussões do trabalho na vida familiar e social; vínculos empregatícios e acidentes de trabalho. Os resultados obtidos foram validados em reunião com os próprios trabalhadores. Quatro tipos de vínculos empregatícios foram encontrados na população de estudo: contratados, agregados, terceirizados e quarteirizados. Trabalhadores contratados e agregados queixaram-se do sistema de rastreamento e da atividade de enlonar e desenlonar o caminhão, diferentemente do relato dos terceirizados. Por outro lado, o relato dos terceirizados é semelhante ao dos agregados, pois em ambos os vínculos há possibilidade de maior autonomia no trabalho, maior retorno financeiro e escolha da data de retorno para casa. Entretanto, a instabilidade financeira e o desamparo de direitos trabalhistas são queixas freqüentes desses trabalhadores, o que não ocorre com os motoristas contratados. Dentre os vínculos estudados, motoristas agregados e quarteirizados são os que apresentam as condições de trabalho mais difíceis. O uso de drogas; o cansaço físico e mental; as ultrapassagens; a falta de profissionais qualificados no mercado; o sistema de rastreamento; a comissão e determinados tipos de carga estão relacionados aos acidentes envolvendo esses profissionais / Although there have been various studies of truck drivers, few studies have studied the work of these professionals based on a description of activities performed by the workers themselves. An understanding of accidents as well as the knowledge of the drivers about their own activities, can contribute to the development of measures to reduce accidents, and actions for the promotion of workers health. The aim of this study was to analyze the activity and aspects of work organization and accidents of truck drivers with different employment status, based on the report of the workers themselves. The study took place in 2010 at a transportation company located in São Paulo state. We conducted a qualitative study using the Collective Analysis of Work method. There were four meetings held in which groups of truck drivers, volunteers, described their activities to researchers; there was no pre-determined number of participants for this study. From the data obtained, we constructed the following categories: work, health, impact of work on family and social life and occupational accidents. The results were validated in a meeting with the workers themselves. Four types of employment contracts were found in the population studied: contractors, Aggregated contractors (own front part of truck only), and third-party contractors (own entire vehicle) and fourth party contractors (subcontractors to third-party contractors.) Contract workers and aggregate contractors complained about the tracking system and having to cover and uncover the truck, unlike the report of the third-party contractors. On the other hand, the third-party contractor report is similar to that of the aggregates, because in both job types there is the possibility of greater autonomy at work, greater financial return and the choice of the date to return home. However, financial instability and the relinquishing of labor rights are frequent complaints of these workers, which do not occur with hired drivers. Among the job types studied, aggregate drivers and forth party contractors are those with the most difficult working conditions. The use of drugs, physical and mental fatigue; overtaking, the lack of skilled professionals in the market, the tracking system, commission payment basis, and certain types of cargo are related to accidents involving these professionals

Le droit du travail est caractérisé par des problématiques liées à l’articulation de ses sources, au centredesquelles se trouve le contrat individuel de travail. Si généralement l’articulation des normes fait appel ausystème hiérarchique, le particularisme des mécanismes propres au droit du travail conduit à écarter cettesolution. Ce dépassement du dispositif hiérarchique impose alors de s’interroger sur l’existence dephénomènes propres, répondant à la multitude des interactions possibles entre le contrat de travail et lesautres sources du droit. Traduction d’une dynamique autonome du système hiérarchique, les phénomènesd’influence des sources du droit sur le contrat de travail et de résistance du contrat de travail aux autressources proposent une nouvelle méthode d’articulation entre la norme contractuelle et les autres sources. Lepremier, le phénomène d’influence des sources du droit, permet tant la modulation du contenu du contrat detravail que l’encadrement de l’exécution contractuelle. Le second, le phénomène de résistance du contrat detravail, se traduit par des mécanismes liés tant à la dérogation qu’à la modification du contenu du contrat detravail.Compte tenu des impératifs de sécurité juridique et de flexibilité du travail, l’enjeu de cette étude relative àl’articulation entre le contrat de travail et les autres sources du droit est de comprendre d’une part, lesévolutions du contenu contractuel et d’autre part, de mesurer les implications de ces articulations en matièrede contentieux du travail. / Employment law is characterized by questions related to the relationships between its sources, at the core ofwhich the employment contract is placed. If the relationships between norms usually mean hierarchy, it is notthe same concerning employment law, due to its own mechanisms. Once the hierarchical system put aside,the question of phenomenons proper to employment law can be asked, related to the numerous potentialinteractions between the employment contract and the other sources of law. As autonomous dynamics,separate from the hierarchical system, the phenomenons of the influence on the sources of law, and of theopposition of the employment contract to the other sources, represent a new relationship between thecontract and the other sources. The first one, the influence on the sources of law, allows the modulation ofthe contents of the contract, as well as the regulation of the execution of the contract. The second one, theopposition of the employment contract, deals with the derogation and the modification of the contract.Considering the requirements of legal security and work flexibility, what is at stake in this study on therelationships between the employment contract and the other sources of law, is on one hand, to understandthe evolutions of the contents of the employment contract, and on the other hand, to measure theconsequences of those relationships concerning employment disputes.

A presente dissertação estuda a participação de pessoas com deficiências no mercado de trabalho. No primeiro capítulo, ventila-se a trajetória histórica da pessoa com deficiência desde a Idade Antiga até a Idade Contemporânea. A seguir, analisa-se a terminologia apropriada para denominar a pessoa que possui alguma forma de deficiência. No segundo capítulo, abordam-se as principais normas do Direito Internacional atinentes ao tema. A seguir, analisa-se o modo como a relação de emprego das pessoas com deficiência é abordada pelo Direito estrangeiro. No terceiro capítulo, discorre-se sobre a evolução do ordenamento jurídico brasileiro diante do tema, ponderando-se a aplicação da Constituição Federal e da Lei n. 8.213/91, bem como o papel do Ministério Público do Trabalho e do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego e, ainda, os mecanismos e incentivos para o cumprimento da legislação. No quarto capítulo, são verificadas as peculiaridades do contrato de trabalho das pessoas com deficiência, analisando-se se a realidade brasileira observa os direitos assegurados pelas leis e pelo texto constitucional vigente, sopesando-se a existência de meios eficazes de fiscalização, incentivo e, até mesmo, exigência de contratação. Para a elaboração do presente estudo, utilizam-se os métodos indutivo com a coleta de elementos para análise e elaboração do tema para posterior discussão e conclusão , analítico-sintético com o exame de textos jurídicos e não jurídicos e comparativo com a análise das características e da influência de diversas legislações nas condições de trabalho das pessoas com deficiência em momentos cronológicos distintos. São utilizadas a pesquisa bibliográfica e jurisprudencial, bem como a efetiva análise de textos legais. / This dissertation studies the participation of people with disabilities in the labor market. The first chapter talks about the historical trajectory of people with disabilities, from the Ancient Age to the Contemporary Age. Next, we analyze the appropriate terminology to describe the person who has some form of disability. In the second chapter we discuss the main rules of international law relating to the theme. Next, we analyze how the ratio of employment of people with disabilities is addressed by foreign law. The third chapter discusses the evolution of Brazilian law on the subject, considering the application of the Constitution and the Law 8.213/91, as well as the role of the Public Ministry of Labor and the Ministry of Labor and Employment, and also the mechanisms and incentives for compliance. In the fourth chapter, we investigate the peculiarities of employment of people with disabilities by analyzing if the Brazilian reality observes the rights guaranteed by the Constitution and laws in force, weighing up the existence of effective means of enforcement, encouragement, and even hiring requirement. In this study, we use the inductive method collecting elements for analysis and preparation of the issue for further discussion and conclusion , analytic-synthetic method examining legal and non-legal texts , and comparative method analyzing the characteristics and influence of various laws in working conditions of disabled people in different chronological moments. We searched the literature and jurisprudence, as well as the effective analysis of legal texts.

Les liens qui unissent rémunération et travail semblent, de prime abord, d’une évidente simplicité. Pour autant, la spécificité de la créance de rémunération et la sophistication des nouvelles formes de rétribution complexifient fortement ces rapports. Partant de ce constat, il est nécessaire de s’intéresser aux interactions qu’entretiennent ces deux notions. La rémunération est avant tout une catégorie juridique dont la définition varie suivant la règle à appliquer. Les multiples finalités assignées aux normes venant encadrer la rémunération font du travail un critère inopportun de définition car trop restrictif. La nécessité de repenser les critères de définition de la rémunération s’avère donc indispensable. La rémunération est également la contrepartie de l’obligation principale du salarié. La manière d’appréhender les interactions entre le travail convenu et la rémunération conditionne, dès lors, l’étendue du droit à rémunération du salarié. La contrepartie de la rémunération est majoritairement la contrepartie d’une immobilisation temporelle de l’activité du salarié au service d’un employeur. Contrepartie de la mise à disposition de la force de travail du salarié, la détermination du montant de la rémunération devrait également être liée à ce facteur temporel. Il s’avère que l’évolution des modes de rémunération et de l’organisation du temps de travail contredit ce postulat de départ. Le montant de la rémunération devient, par conséquent, bien plus dépendant de la performance du salarié ou des résultats économiques de l’entreprise que du temps passé à se tenir à la disposition de l’employeur. / The links between remuneration and work seem, at first glance, of an obvious simplicity. However, the specificity of the pay debt and the development of new kind of remuneration complicate strongly these reports. Starting from this observation, it is necessary to focus on the interactions between these two concepts. First of all, remuneration is a legal category and its definition varies according to the rule to apply. The multiple objectives assigned to law remuneration make work a wrong criterion of definition because to restrictive. The need to rethink the definition of remuneration criteria is therefore essential. Remuneration is also the compensation of the main obligation of the employee. Therefore, the way to understand the interactions between the agreed work and pay determines the extent of the right to employee's compensation. The compensation of remuneration is mainly the consideration of the temporal fixed asset of the employee in the service of an employer. Determining the amount of compensation should also be linked to this temporal coefficient. But, changing patterns of pay and the new rule’s organization of working time contradicts this premise. Nowadays, the amount of remuneration becomes more dependent on the performance of the employee or on the economic results of the company that the time spent on hold at the disposal of the employer.

S’inscrivant dans un contexte juridique et économique propice, cette thèse propose une utilisationrenouvelée de la cession de contrat adaptée au rapport de travail. Les finalités de ce mécanismejustifient l’opportunité de sa réception et de sa réalisation augurant son développement. Constatantque ni le législateur, ni le juge, ne font référence au dispositif, un effort de définition est accompli.La cession du contrat de travail est l’opération consistant à changer d’employeur avec l’accord dusalarié sans rupture. Repensées sous le prisme de la cession de contrat, les opérations se situant àla frontière du transfert d’entreprise sont clarifiées et réalisées de manière cohérente.Le particularisme du rapport de travail suppose que soit mis en place un système légal garantissantle consentement du salarié. Instaurant une continuité contractuelle, la mise en œuvre de cetinstrument confirme son utilité. / Within a propitious legal and economic environment, this PhD thesis sheds the light of a suitableand renewed use of the assignment of contract. The purposes of the mechanism foster itsdevelopment. The lack of definition by lawmakers and judges tends to render such workmandatory. The assignment of contract shall be the operation changing of employer by mutualagreement with the employee without any termination. All operations closed to transfer ofundertaking are therefore clarified. The specificity of employment relationship involves a legalregime ensuring the consent of employee. Establishing a contractual continuum, its usefulness isjustified by its implementation.

Background:  Leader member exchange (LMX) theory focuses on the different associations established by the leaders with their followers through a system of exchanges (high quality and low exchanges), whereas a psychological contract is a tacit agreement between the employer and employee and comprises of employee's beliefs regarding the mutual obligations between the employee and an employer. Since an organization communicates and negotiates through its representatives which indicates people in managerial positions, it is meaningful to draw that the relationship quality between employee and their supervisors may affect the tacit agreement between the employee and organization. Though prior integration of Leader Member Exchange theory and Psychological contract has established the link between these two area of literature, as well as LMX dimensions to Psychological contract fulfilment, there is no empirical study taken place in Asia where Anand, Hu, Liden and Vidyarthi (2011) once observed that LMX and its dimensions may operate differently in more collectivistic and higher power distance cultures. Therefore, this research aims to examine the two main aspects of literature in one of the leading construction management of Asia located in Vietnam.   Research questions: Does LMX improve psychological contracts between the organization and the employees? Sub-research question: What is the effect of LMX dimensions on psychological contract fulfilment? Is there any right mix of LMX dimensions in the organization that positively affects the psychological contract?   Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the interaction effects of leader-member exchange (LMX) and its dimensions on psychological contracts in one specific organization, in other words, it investigates to answer if the different quality exchanges between the leaders/managers with employees support to enhance better mutual obligations between them and give negative or positive effects to the psychological contracts. Secondly, it figures out what exactly is the effect of LMX dimensions on psychological contract fulfilment. Practically, it is to help the researchers and practitioners recognize the increasingly important role of psychological contract which is normally unwritten in formal contract but otherwise gives huge negative influence which results in losing employee’s retention and loyalty. Accordingly, by generating “leader-member exchange” more effectively, the leaders will distribute and/or exchange resources toward the employees better which results in better employee retention and talent management strategies, directly contributing to the organization’s long term sustainable development.   Theoretical framework:  Articles were used for this thesis were meticulously chosen, focusing on reliable sources and quality content that cover the theoretical background of both main research area of Psychological contracts and Leader-Member Exchange during their historical research until recent. Particular information of the empirical organization and the related industry were brought from the organization and related reports and professional analysis from industry experts.   Method: This is a cross-sectional study whose methodology choice is a Mixed methods research which inquires the involvement of both quantitative and qualitative data, integrating these two forms of data with narrative analysis. The data was collected from a construction management organization consists of 385 employees. It adopted interpretivism philosophy in order to create new, richer understandings and interpretations of issues related to social worlds and context, in particular exploring the issue of whether LMX theory have an influence on psychological contracts fulfilment. It follows a deductive reasoning as its main approach.   Discussion and Conclusion: Based on the results of respondents’ surveys and the interpretation of the attendants from Focus Group, the discussion was structured and analyzed in line with the structure of the theoretical framework. The study reveals that the psychological contract fulfillment depends not only on the right combination of LMX dimensions and the concern of those most important dimensions but also the distinct characteristics of the organization which concern about their organization behavior and industry features. The study also provides solutions to leaders in order to overcome the problems associated with LMX that can lead to psychological contract breach.   Originality/Value – This is the first study that focuses on examining the effect of LMX and its dimensions on psychological contract fulfilment in an Asian country.

The study aimed to investigate if personality characteristics were associated with quantitative job insecurity among Swedish employees. This study implemented a cross-sectional design and a total of 157 employees participated in the study. Participants filled in an electronic survey consisting of 27 questions and the collected data was analyzed through one unadjusted and one adjusted regression analysis. The unadjusted regression analysis showed that personality characteristics were negatively associated with quantitative job inecurity, and the explained variance for personality characteristics on quantitative job insecurity was 14%. The results from the adjusted regression model showed that employment contract was positively, and personality characteristics were negatively associated with quantitative job insecurity, while seniority and qualitative job insecurity were not associated with quantitative job insecurity. Meaning that people with high values on personality characteristics and permanent employees were least affected by quantitative job insecurity. In total, employment contract, seniority, personality characteristics and qualitative job insecurity could explain 25% of the variance of quantitative job insecurity. Job insecurity is detrimental to both the individual and the organization and a strategy to counteract the experience of job insecurity might be to develop personality characteristics among employees.