<p>This thesis presents work on two major areas of research. The first area of research involves the use of a dual-nozzle piezoelectric inkjet printing system to print bilayer aluminum bismuth (III) oxide nanothermite samples. The combinatorial printing method allows for separate fuel and oxidizer inks to be printed adjacent to each other at prescribed offset distances. The effect of the bilayer thickness on the burning rate of the samples is investigated using high-speed imaging. Analysis of the burning rate data revealed that there is no statistically significant relationship between these two parameters. This result was used to determine the dominant processes that control the propagation rate in nanothermite systems. It was concluded that convective processes dominate the burning rate rather than diffusive processes. The second area of research involved synthesizing inks suitable for inkjet printing using two promising high nitrogen energetic materials called BTATz and DAATO_3.5. The performance of the developed inks was characterized using four experiments. The thermal stability and exothermic behavior of the inks were determined using DSC and TGA analysis. The results revealed that the inks are more thermally stable than the base materials. The inks were used to print lines that were subsequently used to determine burning rates. DAATO_3.5 samples were determined to have faster burning rates than BTATz. Closed pressure bomb experiments were conducted to determine the gas producing capability of the high nitrogen inks. BTATz samples showed better performance in terms of peak static pressures and pressurization rates. 3D printed microthrusters were developed to test the thrust performance of the inks. Peak thrust, total impulse, and specific impulse values are reported and were determined to be suitable for use with Class 1 micro-spacecraft. Finally, a microthruster array prototype was developed to demonstrate the capability to use additive manufacturing to create high packing density arrays.</p>

L’« énergétique comparée » propose de considérer les textes comme des dispositifs à la fois économiques, sémiotiques et praxéonomiques (dont l’utilisation produit des types de subjectivations, des modes de pensée et des domaines idéologiques). Afin de comprendre la nature du roman et de l’épopée, nous confrontons, dans chacune de ces trois dimensions, l’analyse de ces genres littéraires. L’économie du dispositif est à la fois une théorie de la production et de la consommation ; la sémiotique se décompose en rhétorique et en noétique ; la praxéonomie en politique et en éthique.L’énergétique se veut ainsi une nouvelle approche de la littérature, nourrie autant par l’anthropologie culturelle que par la narratologie, par la métaphysique de Hegel que par la pragmatique d’Austin. Enfin, dans chaque partie, un « contrepoint » permet d’aiguiser, transversalement, les instruments d’analyse sur des oeuvres particulières qui semblent a priori échapper à la distinction entre roman et épopée (du roman populaire chinois au roman postcolonial) ou qui prétendent donner à la modernité son épopée (de la poésie épique à l’épopée humanitaire). Ces « contrepoints » se font également le lieu d’un débat de l’énergétique comparée avec les poétiques « indigènes » de leurs auteurs ou de leurs contemporains.L’énergétique, s’opposant à la « poétique des traits génériques » comme à l’« esthétique des registres » permet ainsi de fournir une définition comparée de l’effort de l’épopée (dispositif politique de subjectivation collective par mobilisation de la tradition dans la cérémonie de la reconnaissance) et de celui du roman (dispositif éthique de subjectivation individuelle par valorisation de l’originalité dans la performance d’émancipation), ainsi que la mise en évidence des conditions de possibilité d’une épopée contemporaine. / This dissertation attempts to understand what it is exactly that makes an epic and a novel. Through a "comparative energetics" we propose to consider literature as a set of ‘economical’, ‘semiotical’ and ‘praxeonomical’ dispositions the use of which contributes to specific types of subjective rendering, ways of thinking and ideological domains. These three categories constitute the framework of the current endeavor: Textual economics is a theory of both production and consumption; semiotics decomposes into rhetorics and noetical analysis; praxeonomy into politics and ethics.Energetics consists in a new approach to literature, influenced by cultural anthropology, narratology, Hegel’s metaphysics and Austin’s pragmatics. Each section of the dissertation includes a “counterpoint" bringing up a transversal approach to works outside the main corpus considered, that either seem to escape the distinction between the established genres of novel and epic, e.g. popular Chinese novels, postcolonial novels, or purport to give its proper epic (epic poetry, humanitarian epic, etc) to modernity. These "counterpoints" also allow a comparison between the energetic approach and the “indigenous” poetics of the authors considered or their contemporaries.Energetics, both objecting to the "poetics of features" and to the "aesthetics of registers," provides a comparative definition of the epic (political disposition of collective subjectification by mobilizing tradition in the ceremony of recognition) and of the novel (ethical dispositif of individual subjectifive rendering by valuing originality in the performance of emancipation). It also sets the conditions for a possible modern epic.

Les systèmes de récupération d’énergies basées sur les vibrations mécaniques environnantes suscitent l’intérêt depuis de nombreuses années. Augmenter l’efficacité de la conversion d'énergie est primordial, mais celle-ci pour être bien maitrisée, passe par la mise au point de modèles précis et notamment par la prise en compte des lois régissant les matériaux piézoélectriques. En effet, ces matériaux sont à la base des couplages mécano/électriques et il est capital de comprendre comment ils fonctionnent quelque soit l'excitation externe. Un modèle précis du matériau ferroélectrique est indispensable pour établir des critères de conception des prototypes et leur optimisation. Dans cette thèse, un modèle précis, temporel, large bande tenant compte de l’ensemble des non-linéarités d’une céramique piézoélectrique a été développé. L’utilisation d’opérateurs fractionnaires a permis d’augmenter fortement la bande de fréquence de validité du modèle. Le modèle permet notamment de prévoir l’évolution de la polarisation diélectrique ainsi que le déplacement mécanique de l’échantillon testé et ceci quelque soit le type de stimulation (contrainte mécanique pure, champ électrique et même excitation hybride électriques/mécaniques). La dérivé fractionnaire a dans un premier temps été utilisée pour l’hystérésis sous excitation électrique pour décrire le comportement dynamique de la polarisation diélectrique. En effet, au delà d’un seuil de fréquence, lorsque l’état du matériau n’est plus quasi-statique, une contribution dynamique apparaît. Cette contribution joue un rôle primordial lorsque les niveaux de fréquence et d’amplitude sont élevés. La même étude a ensuite été menée sous contrainte mécanique, et le même opérateur fractionnaire a été utilisé avec succès. Nous avons entre autre constaté que sur un même échantillon les paramètres de simulation établis sous champ électrique étaient conservés sous contrainte mécanique. Ensuite, un modèle inverse permettant d’imposer la forme d’onde de la polarisation ou du déplacement a été proposé. Pour une polarisation ou un déplacement donné, le modèle inverse permet de déterminer avec précision l’effort mécanique à appliquer sur la céramique piézo-électrique. Ces modèles sont nécessaires pour optimiser une forme d’onde de contrainte mécanique ou électrique et obtenir un rendement supérieur des systèmes récupérateurs d’énergie. En effet, une nouvelle technique couplée champ électrique/contrainte mécanique de récupération d’énergie est présentée à la fin de la thèse, technique qui nous a permis de valider l’utilisation du modèle. L’utilisation du modèle permet d’optimiser la mise au point d’un prototype mais également d’obtenir la valeur exacte du rendement de la méthode en rendant compte notamment des pertes diélectriques. Dans la thèse, le modèle sous ses différentes variantes est décrit de manière exhaustive. / Energy harvesting based on mechanical vibration has been a long time research topic for the last few decades. In addition to enhancing the energy conversion amount, another objective is to master and give a precise model with consideration of the disciplines of piezoelectric material behavior. A precise model for the ferroelectric material is mighty needed in the energy harvesting process, so as to give an instruction to the prototype designing and modelling optimizing. In this thesis, a model working on wide bandwidth considering the nonlinearity of the piezoceramic has been developed. The employment of the fractional derivative has broadened the usage of this model on expanded bandwidth. The model permit to predict the evolution of the dielectric polarization as well as the mechanical displacement, which has been tested on different samples under different kinds of stimulation (pure mechanical, pure electrical and hybrid of electrical and mechanical excitations). This fractional derivative factor has been first developed under electrical excitations to describe the dynamic behavior. In the development of this model to mechanical field, the fractional derivative factor was found available as well under the mechanical excitation in the same value. In the following study, an inverse of mechanical model has been developed as well. In the end, we stimulate the piezoceramic using both electrical and mechanical excitation to augment the energy harvesting amount which could become a promising method in energy harvesting field. Every model has been exhaustively demonstrated and specific measuring benches have been established to validate these models. Experiments results and simulations in different kinds of excitations (amplitudes, frequencies) for every kind of the above models have been compared. Good approximation has been acquired indicating the model has a good accuracy in describing the material property and dynamic behavior.

Hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), is an established human carcinogen that is a worldwide environmental health concern. It is well understood that reactive oxygen species, genomic instability, and DNA damage repair deficiency are important contributors to Cr(VI)-induced carcinogenesis. After decades of research some cancer hallmarks remain understudied for the mechanism of Cr(VI) carcinogenesis. Dysregulated cellular energetics have been established as a hallmark of cancer. Energy pathways that become dysregulated in cancer include mitochondrial respiration, lipogenesis, pentose phosphate pathway, one carbon metabolism, and increased anaerobic glycolysis in the presence of oxygen or ‘Warburg effect’. To investigate metabolism changes in Cr(VI) carcinogenesis, we exposed human lung epithelial cells (BEAS-2B cells) to Cr(VI) for six months and isolated a colony from soft agar. To confirm the results in the BEAS-2B cells, we used two other sets of Cr(VI)-transformed cells, human lung epithelial cells (BEP2D cells) and human lung fibroblasts (WTHBF-6 cells). We found increased lipogenesis related protein expressions including: ATP citrate lyase (ACLY), acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1), and fatty acid synthase (FASN) in Cr(VI)-transformed cells as compared to passage-matched control cells. We also observed increased palmitic acid levels, confirming that Cr(VI)-transformed cells were making more lipids. Cr(VI)-transformed BEAS-2B cells had decreased colony formation in soft agar and decreased cell growth when treated with a FASN inhibitor (C75). ACLY, ACC1, and FASN protein expressions were also increased in chromate-induced lung tumors in human tissue samples. We also observed that Cr(VI)-transformed human lung cells (BEAS-2B, BEP2D, and WTHBF-6 cells) had no major changes in their mitochondrial respiration as measured by the Seahorse Analyzer when compared to their passage-matched control cells. Conversely, xenograft tumor-derived cells had mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction. Interestingly, we also found that Cr(VI)-transformed human lung cells (BEAS-2B, BEP2D, and WTHBF-6 cells) had no major changes in their glycolytic function as measured by the Seahorse Analyzer when compared to their passage-matched control cells. Similarly, these cells did not have changes in glycolytic enzymes or extracellular L-lactate levels. Moreover, xenograft tumor-derived cells showed no changes in glycolytic endpoints or L-lactate levels. This indicates these cells did not undergo the ‘Warburg effect’. These data demonstrate that increased lipogenesis is important to Cr(VI)-induced lung carcinogenesis and are consistent with the cancer literature which reports that increased lipogenesis proteins occur during carcinogenesis. Additionally, our results indicate mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction is likely a result of the tumor microenvironment and a later step during Cr(VI) carcinogenesis. Lastly, we observed the ‘Warburg effect’ is not required for Cr(VI)-induced carcinogenesis in vitro. However, it remains to be shown if the ‘Warburg effect’ is still a consequence or contributing factor for tumorigenesis. Future studies are needed to investigate other metabolic pathways in Cr(VI)-induced carcinogenesis. In conclusion, some metabolism pathways are important to Cr(VI)-induced carcinogenesis, while others appear not to be.

Hydrophobic membrane proteins perform a variety of important functions in the cell, but their structures are notoriously difficult to solve. Thus, new strategies to obtain crystals of membrane proteins for structure determination are critical. We aim to develop a toolbox of peptide specific single-chain antibody fragment chaperones engineered for hyper-crystallizability. These peptide sequences can be introduced into various regions of membrane proteins without interfering with protein function. The resulting protein-chaperone complex is expected to form a crystal lattice mediated by chaperone interactions. We have developed candidate scFv chaperone proteins binding hexa-histidine (His6) and EYMPME (EE) tags with improved biophysical features influencing crystallization propensity, including peptide affinity, stability and solubility. The scFv libraries were generated using a novel ligation-free technique, MegAnneal, allowing us to rapidly generate large libraries based on 3D5 scFv. We identified two candidate chaperones, 3D5/His_683, specific for His6 and 3D5/EE_48, specific for EE tags. Variants exhibit high solubility (up to 16.6 mg/ml) and nanomolar peptide affinities; complexes of 3D5/EE_48 with EE-tagged proteins were isolated by gel filtration. We have developed design rules for EE peptide placement at terminal, inter-domain or internal loop regions of the target protein to balance peptide accessibility for chaperone binding while retaining rigid protein-chaperone complexes suitable for crystallization. The 3D5/ His_683 crystallized in four different conditions, utilizing multiple space groups. The 3D5/EE_48 scFv was crystallized (3.1 Å), revealing a ~52 Å channel in the crystal lattice, which may accommodate a small peptide-tagged target protein. Our evolution experiments altered scFv surface residues, resulting in use of different crystallization contacts. Analysis of these crystal contacts and those used by crystallized 14B7 scFv variants, led us to postulate that lattice formation is driven by strong crystal contacts. To test this hypothesis, we introduced amino acid changes expected to reduce the affinity of the 3D5/EE_48 energetically dominant crystal contacts. This approach to crystal contact engineering may allow semi-rational control over lattice networks preferred by scFv chaperones. Co-crystallization trials with model proteins are on-going. These engineered scFvs represent a new class of chaperones that may eliminate the need for de novo identification of candidate chaperones from large antibody libraries. / text

xx, 229 p. : ill. (some col.) / Reproductive effort is a central element of human biology and ecology. Particularly for females, reproduction is energetically demanding, with elevated metabolic costs during pregnancy and lactation, followed by high child care costs. To satisfy energetic needs, women can adopt various physiological and behavioral strategies. On a physiological level, the energetic requirements of offspring may be met by adjusting metabolic allocation and/or drawing on maternal bodily reserves. On a behavioral level, women may reduce energy expenditure and/or increase energy intake. This study examined reproductive trade-offs in activity and skeletal health among the indigenous Shuar forager-horticulturalists of Ecuadorian Amazonia and had two main objectives. First, this research examined trade-offs in energy use during female reproductive states and behavioral adjustments made by females and males to meet high reproductive demands. Second, this study investigated skeletal health profiles among Shuar, as well non-Shuar Colonos, to identify the relationships between female reproductive factors and skeletal health. Research was conducted among adults in four Morona-Santiago communities. Skeletal health was measured using calcaneal ultrasonometry, and physical activity was measured using accelerometry. Extensive information on sociodemographics and reproduction was assessed through structured interviews. Age-related declines in bone mineral density (BMD) were observed for Shuar and Colonos, while Shuar BMD was significantly higher than that of other populations. These results suggest that normative data from developed countries may reflect suboptimal bone density levels. Regarding reproductive effects on skeletal health, results indicate that earlier menarcheal age and greater stature are associated with better bone health in postmenopausal life. These conclusions suggest the importance of the timing of early developmental stages in establishing bone status in adulthood. Results demonstrate that physical activity levels were similar between pregnant/lactating (P/L) and other women. However, P/L women appear to compensate for elevated energetic demands by relying on a male partner who has increased his energy expenditure, suggesting greater participation in subsistence activities. Overall, this study demonstrates the importance of biocultural strategies among women to meet high reproductive costs. Further, it emphasizes the utility of a life history framework for identifying trade-offs in physiology and behavior. This dissertation contains previously published and unpublished co-authored material. / Committee in charge: Dr. J. Josh Snodgrass, Chair; Dr. Lawrence S. Sugiyama, Member; Dr. John Lukacs, Member; Dr. John Halliwell, Outside Member

La valorisation des rejets thermiques industriels par leur conversion en énergie mécanique, et éventuellement en électricité, est un moyen de réduire les émissions de gaz à effet de serre et de réduire la consommation énergétique des industries. La présente bourse de thèse est cofinancée par l’Agence De l’Environnement et de la Maitrise de l’Energie (ADEME) dans ce contexte. Le co-financeur de la thèse, Hevatech, est une entreprise qui exploite le brevet d’un nouveau convertisseur de chaleur en électricité appelé Turbosol®. Turbosol® est un bon candidat pour la valorisation de la chaleur fatale industrielle. Le concept en est au stade du développement du prototype et de l’installation de pilotes sur site. L’originalité du cycle de Turbosol® est la détente quasi-isotherme de la vapeur d’eau. Ainsi, le cycle de Turbosol® est proche du cycle de Carnot. La première partie de la thèse porte sur le cycle de Carnot et la faisabilité d’une machine fonctionnant selon le cycle de Carnot. Une machine fonctionnant selon le cycle de Carnot avec de l’eau changeant de phase pendant le chauffage est modélisée, puis optimisée par maximisation de la puissance nette produite. Les variables de l’optimisation sont les températures de vaporisation et de condensation du fluide cyclé, ainsi que la répartition de la surface d’échange entre l’évaporateur et le condenseur. Puis, dans la seconde partie, le modèle de la machine de Carnot est adapté au cas particulier de Turbosol®. Cela permet de simuler le fonctionnement du prototype de Turbosol. L’étude de sensibilité aux variables de commande du modèle a permis d’identifier la température de vaporisation et le débit massique du fluide de travail comme des variables d’optimisation. Ainsi, le convertisseur est optimisé par maximisation de la puissance nette produite et par maximisation du rendement pour un rejet thermique à valoriser donné / To convert the industrial waste heat into mechanical, or electrical energy, is a way to decrease the greenhouse gases emission and the energy consumption. The present PhD thesis is co-financed by the french Environment and Energy Management Agency (ADEME), in this context. The other co-financer, the company Hevatech, exploits the patent of a new heat converter into electricity named Turbosol®. Turbosol® is a good candidate for the industrial waste heat recovery. The concept is currently developed by the study of a prototype and the installation of the prototype on industrial site. The Turbosol® cycle originality is the quasi-isothermal expansion of the water vapor. Consequently, the Turbosol® cycle is close to the Carnot cycle. In the manuscript first part, the possibility of the feasibility of an engine operating according to the Carnot cycle is studied. A Carnot engine with a changing phase working fluid is modeled and optimized by maximization of the net power output. The variables are the optimal vaporization and condensation temperatures, and the optimal allocation of a total thermal transfer area between the condenser and the evaporator. Then, in the second part, the model of the Carnot engine is adapted to the Turbosol® prototype. In the sensitivity analysis, the vaporization temperature and the mass flow rate of the working fluid are identified as optimization variables. So, the Turbosol® converter is optimized by maximization of the net power output and the first law efficiency for a given waste heat fluid to valorize

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-05-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:31:35Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 nocchi_ro_me_botfca.pdf: 206536 bytes, checksum: 35d2b1a1729a89a9f9ae228e40b00924 (MD5) / A cultura de cana-de-açúcar exige, para a sua produção (pré-plantio, plantio, colheita e transporte), a utilização de insumos agrícolas que geram do presente trabalho consistiu na qua econômica (receitas, custos e resultado para substituição da colheita manual, pe sa. Para tal demonstração, foram utilizadas equações algébricas e matrizes, instrumentos que permitiram o cálculo dos quantitativos energéticos e econômicos referentes às duas colheitas de cana-de-açúcar. Foram identificadas quantificações energéticas negativas para ambos os tipos da colheita, na manual (consumo da energia de 22.964.098,44 kcal/ha, produção da energia de 1.407.282,87 kcal/ha), e na mecânica (consumo da energia de 25.336.723,03 kcal/ha, produção da energia de 1.343.781,30 kcal/ha). Os resultados econômicos mostraram-se positivos : colheita manual com receitas de R$ 61.079,92, custo de produção de R$ 39.637,82 e resultado bruto de R$ 21.442,10; colheita mecânica com receitas de R$ 69.250,63, custo de produção de R$ 43.157,70 e resultado bruto de R$ 26.092,93, para ambas as colheitas de cana-de-açúcar. Além disso, verificouse a evidência clara da superioridade da colheita mecânica, tanto no aspecto energético, quanto no aspecto econômico. Palavras-chave: Cana-de-açúcar, quantificações energéticas, resultados econômicos um alto consumo energético e econômico.O objetivo ntificação energética (consumo e produção da energia) e bruto). Objetivou também a demonstração... / The culture of the sugar-cane demands, uses agricultural products and it genera work estimatives energetic quantity ( quantity (earnings, costs and brut resu tends to show that manual harvest can be substituted by the mechanic harvest, permittin it makes use of algebras and matrix equa and economics quantitatives concerning energetic quantitatives for both kinds ty the 22.964.098,44 Kcal/ha, energetic p harvest (energetic consumption of th ,03 Kcal/ha, energetic production of the 1.343.781,30 Kcal/ha). The economical results were positive: manual harvest with revenues of the R$ 61.079,92 ; expense of the production mechanical harvest with revenues of th and gross income, R$ 26.092,93 ; for b found evidence of superiority in mecanic tic and economic aspect. Keywords: Sugar-cane; energetics quantities; economical results. E ia / Área de concentração - Energia na A dade Estadual Paulista CCHI ABRIEL T a production (preplantation, plantation and transport), wich tes one high energetic and economical consumption. This consumption and production of energy) and economical lt). It also in g the best use of the biomass. For this demonstration, tions, instruments who permit the calculus of the energetics to the two harvests of the sugar-cane. It identifies negative pes of harvest; in manual harvest (energetic consumption of roduction of the 1.407.282,87 Kcal/ha), and in mechanic e 25.336.723 R$ 39.637,82 and gross income, R$ 21.442,10; e R$ 69.250,63 ; expense of the production R$ 43.157,70 oth harvests of the sugar-cane... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientador: Luiz Roberto Almeida Gabriel / Banca: Geraldo Elvio Balistriero / Banca: Jurandir Savi / Resumo: A cultura de cana-de-açúcar exige, para a sua produção (pré-plantio, plantio, colheita e transporte), a utilização de insumos agrícolas que geram do presente trabalho consistiu na qua econômica (receitas, custos e resultado para substituição da colheita manual, pe sa. Para tal demonstração, foram utilizadas equações algébricas e matrizes, instrumentos que permitiram o cálculo dos quantitativos energéticos e econômicos referentes às duas colheitas de cana-de-açúcar. Foram identificadas quantificações energéticas negativas para ambos os tipos da colheita, na manual (consumo da energia de 22.964.098,44 kcal/ha, produção da energia de 1.407.282,87 kcal/ha), e na mecânica (consumo da energia de 25.336.723,03 kcal/ha, produção da energia de 1.343.781,30 kcal/ha). Os resultados econômicos mostraram-se positivos : colheita manual com receitas de R$ 61.079,92, custo de produção de R$ 39.637,82 e resultado bruto de R$ 21.442,10; colheita mecânica com receitas de R$ 69.250,63, custo de produção de R$ 43.157,70 e resultado bruto de R$ 26.092,93, para ambas as colheitas de cana-de-açúcar. Além disso, verificouse a evidência clara da superioridade da colheita mecânica, tanto no aspecto energético, quanto no aspecto econômico. Palavras-chave: Cana-de-açúcar, quantificações energéticas, resultados econômicos um alto consumo energético e econômico.O objetivo ntificação energética (consumo e produção da energia) e bruto). Objetivou também a demonstração... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The culture of the sugar-cane demands, uses agricultural products and it genera work estimatives energetic quantity ( quantity (earnings, costs and brut resu tends to show that manual harvest can be substituted by the mechanic harvest, permittin it makes use of algebras and matrix equa and economics quantitatives concerning energetic quantitatives for both kinds ty the 22.964.098,44 Kcal/ha, energetic p harvest (energetic consumption of th ,03 Kcal/ha, energetic production of the 1.343.781,30 Kcal/ha). The economical results were positive: manual harvest with revenues of the R$ 61.079,92 ; expense of the production mechanical harvest with revenues of th and gross income, R$ 26.092,93 ; for b found evidence of superiority in mecanic tic and economic aspect. Keywords: Sugar-cane; energetics quantities; economical results. E ia / Área de concentração - Energia na A dade Estadual Paulista CCHI ABRIEL T a production (preplantation, plantation and transport), wich tes one high energetic and economical consumption. This consumption and production of energy) and economical lt). It also in g the best use of the biomass. For this demonstration, tions, instruments who permit the calculus of the energetics to the two harvests of the sugar-cane. It identifies negative pes of harvest; in manual harvest (energetic consumption of roduction of the 1.407.282,87 Kcal/ha), and in mechanic e 25.336.723 R$ 39.637,82 and gross income, R$ 21.442,10; e R$ 69.250,63 ; expense of the production R$ 43.157,70 oth harvests of the sugar-cane... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

At present, due to the use of different technologies, it is hard to think of any human activity that does not demand electric power. It is necessary to be prepared for of large-scale long-term blackouts. Possible scenarios of the occurrence of such a crisis situation must be analyzed and the crisis management must be prepared; primarily to minimize the impact on the lives and health of the population, their property and also natural environment. The objective of the thesis was to identify the operational readiness of regional centers of Emergency Medical Services in the Czech Republic for the possibility of blackouts and to create a survey of power supply possibilities to the operating center of the Emergency Medical Services. The questionnaire was focused on the analysis of operational readiness of regional centers for total blackout, on the framework of their technical support in alternative energy production and its time sustainability. The documents analysis included a pattern plan of the Ministry of Trade and Industry of the Czech Republic and an operational plan for the occurrence of a crisis situation - large-scale electric power supply disturbances, and other internal regional documents concerning the situation during a blackout. The outcomes of the thesis can be used as a background material for the comparison of emergency blackout preparedness in international environment. They can be used to achieve certain standards in the field of sustainable alternative energy supply of Emergency Medical Services centers.