Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-08-12Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:11:55Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 andreoli_al_me_bauru.pdf: 2837768 bytes, checksum: 899d0f484921dccf16d7027e336d500b (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O presente trabalho é o resultado de uma pesquisa aplicada ao desenvolvimento de um equipamento eletrônico microprocessado destinado ao controle de demanda máxima e de fator de potência em instalações elétricas. Motivado pelo aumento na demanda e pela limitação nos recursos do sistema elétrico interligado, o uso de equipamentos que permitam o gerenciamento de energia pelo lado da demanda tem se difundido com grande velocidade, pois é o método de racionalização do uso de energia elétrica que apresenta boa relação entre custo e benefícios, trazendo resultados favoráveis em curto prazo. O uso de controladores de demanda máxima e de fator de potência nas instalações atendidas por contratos de fornecimento horo-sazonal é uma forma de garantir que o sistema não ultrapasse os limites contratuais, que resultam em aplicação de multa, e também um modo de se operar o sistema dentro de parâmetros conhecidos evitando perdas excessivas, racionalizando a utilização de seus componentes. Embora não exista regulamentação relacionada a tarifas diferenciadas de energia elétrica para unidades atendidas em baixa tensão, a utilização de controladores de demanda máxima e fator de potência pode trazer à esta classe de consumidores os benefícios do gerenciamento de energia, reduzindo perdas e em muitos casos permitindo a diminuição no valor da fatura de energia. Pelo ponto de vista do fornecimento, a existência de controle de demanda nas unidades consumidoras permite um melhor planejamento e maior aproveitamento do sistema de distribuição, minimizando investimentos no setor. Para aplicação em unidades consumidoras de porte reduzido, os equipamentos de gerenciamento de energia disponíveis no mercado apresentam dois inconvenientes principais: o excesso de recursos que na maioria dos casos não é explorado em sua... / The present work is the result of an applied research to the development of an electronic microcontrolled device used in the control of maximum demand and power factor in small and medium range electric facilities. Stimulated by the increase of demand and limitation of electrical resources of the interconnected system, the use of demand-side energy management devices was increased, since this method is the better mode to provide the energy rationalization, good cost-benefits relationship and presents best results in a short time interval after its implementation. The use of maximum demand and power factor controllers in facilities with differential billing fares is a method of guarantee that the agreement limits will not be exceeded, resulting in penalties, and also a safe mode of system operation, reducing losses and rationalizing the use their components. Although don't exist regulation related to the differential billing applied to low-voltage supplied consumers, the use of maximum demand and power factor controllers can bring to this consumers category the benefits of energy management, reducing losses and in most cases decreasing the energy billing. In the supply point of view, the demand control in consumers units allow the better planning and the best utilization of distribution system, minimizing the investment in this sector. For application in small-size consumer units, the commercially available energy management devices have two inconvenient: excess of resources, in the most cases sub-utilized which increase the price, and the need of a special external energy meter or energy transducer, uncommon in this class of facility. The device developed in this research have an electronic energy measurement system and associated signals independent of the supplier's meter, and also... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Europeiska unionen som helhet är en av de största energianvändarna och har en av världens största utsläpp av växthusgaser. För att minska globala uppvärmningen har mål sats upp för att medeltemperaturen på jorden inte ska öka mer än 2 grader sen förindustrielltid. Närmare 40 % av Sveriges totala energianvändning kommer från bostads- och servicesektorn detta i samband med att 2020-målen närmar sig bidrar till att energieffektiviseringar i byggnader blir allt mer essentiellt. Energikartläggningar är ett verktyg för att bestämma vad som har stört energibesparingspotential innan effektiviseringsåtgärder sker. Examensarbetet inkluderar en energikartläggning av Trödje skola som förvaltas av Gavlefastigheter. Arbetet är utfört med simuleringsverktyget IDA Indoor Climate and Energy. IDA ICE användes för att modulera den befintliga byggnaden där all data för skolan inkluderades. Rapportens vision är att undersöka hur mycket energi som är möjlig att spara genom energibesparingsåtgärder samt vilken åtgärd som är effektivast. Energibesparingspotentialen i skolan är hög, skolan använder 42,6 kWh/m2år mer än genomsnittet för Gavlefastigheters skolor vilket motsvarar 21 %. Resultaten visar att skolans komplexitet samt att påbyggnationen även kallad paviljongen är en stor faktor till att energianvändningen är hög. Skolans energianvändning har en potential att minska med 17 % vilket inte motsvarade det uppsatta 25 % - målet med arbetet. Arbetet visar att störst besparingspotential finns via byte av fönster och värmeväxlare i ventilationssystemet men även att de åtgärder som antas ge störst besparing inte alltid är effektivast. / The European Union as a whole is one of the largest energy users and has one of the world's largest greenhouse gas emissions. To reduce global warming, targets have been set to ensure that the average temperature on the earth does not increase more than 2 degrees since the pre-industrial time. Nearly 40% of Sweden's total energy use comes from the building and services sector which in context with that the 2020 targets approaching contributes to the increased need of higher energy efficiency of buildings. Energy audits is a tool for determining what has the greatest potential for saving energy before efficiency measures occurs. The thesis includes an energy audit of Trödje primary and middle school, administered by Gavlefastigheter. The study was performed using IDA Indoor Climate and Energy simulation tool. IDA ICE was used to modulate the existing building where all data for the school was included. The vision of the thesis is to investigate how much energy which is possible to save through energy saving measures and which action that is most effective. The potential energy saving in the school is high, the school uses 42.6 kWh/m2year more than the average for Gavlefastigheter schools, which corresponds to 21 %. The results show that the complexity of the school and the reconstruction, also called the paviljong, are a major factor in the high energy consumption. The school's energy use has a potential to decrease by 17 %, which did not correspond to the 25 % target set for the work. The work shows that the greatest savings potential exists through the exchange of windows and heat exchangers in the ventilation system, but also that the measures that are assumed to give the greatest savings are not always the most effective.

The theme of this master's thesis is the elaborating of an energy audit according to the valid legislation in the Czech Republic a five-storey apartment building. The master's thesis consists of three main parts. Theoretical, Computional and Energy Audit. The theoretical part focuses on the theme of solar thermal collectors. In the calculation part, the energy consumption of the assessed object is analyzed in both the initial and the new state. The energy audit is drawn up in accordance the Decree number 480/2012 Sb. in the current version.

The main content of this thesis is a design and an assessment of energy-saving measures with an objective of energy economical optimization of a particular family house. The theoretical part of the thesis describes problems of the energy performance of the building. The calculating part is devoted to economical and environmental assessment of two solving options with a use of a computer program which enables a monthly calculating measure. One part constitutes a design of air-conditioning systems, heating and drawing up an Energy Performance Certificates. The part of the thesis which is focused on a computer technology application deals with energy performance optimization with a use of a program which enables a daily calculating measure and making models of pictures of flowing with a use of CFD methods.

This diploma thesis deals with the impact of thermal insulation on expenses relateted to the operation of the weekend house. Theoretical part describes options of thermal insulation systems, insulation methodes, describes structural prices and costs. Practical part of this thesis describes heat costs on specific weekend house situated in Karlovy Vary region. Thermal insulations are designed in three different variants. Calculation of costs of every designed insulation systém is included in this thesis. In next part of thesis is calculated return of investment for every designed solution. In conclusion of the diploma thesis are compared impacts of thermal insulation on expenses ralated to the operation of the weekend house.

The Master’s thesis deals with the energy savings of a prefabricated house. In the theoretical part, the issue of investment and risk management are first dealt with. Afterwards, the thesis deals with large panel construction in the Czech Republic, energy performance of buildings, heat losses, and especially methods for invesment appraisal. The main objective of the thesis is the economic analysis and the life-cycle analysis. The case study deals with the calculation of saving on heating the prefabricated house after its refurbishment and calculation of economic indicators.

The subject of this diploma thesis is a review of legislation about ecodesign, the design of air conditioning systems for hospital departments and analysis of energy consumption of air conditioning systems designed before and after ecodesign 2018. The thesis is divided into three parts. The theoretical part deals with research of ecodesign legislation (especially EU Commission Regulation No. 1253/2014) and air conditioning in health care facilities. In the second part design of two air-conditioning systems serving the hospital's traumatology department was realized at the level of documentation for building permission. The third part contains calculations and assessments of expected consumption of electric and thermal energy, comparison of units before and after ecodesign and evaluation of annual operating costs.

Master´s thesis solves problematic of energy evaluation of residential building in Kyjov. The theoretical part analyzes the legislative requirements, the practical part includes energy audit of brick residential building with 9 apartments for 18 inhabitants.

This thesis evaluates the influence of thermal insulation of a detached house on the expenses associated with the operation of the property. The first part describes the construction of houses from history to the present day, as well as legislation associated with the thermal insulation of buildings. The work also deals with the energy performance of buildings, energy price developments, types of thermal isolation and insulation of Houses. Thoroughly analyzes ETICS insulation systém. The second part is devoted to a particular detached house in the village Karolinka to evaluate the economic return on investment. Thermal insulation is solved in seven variants. The work includes thermal technical assessment of the condition of the original house and then heat the assessment of the options for the thermal insulation on its economic return. In conclusion, the assessment of individual variants insulation is calculated as a simple payback period.

The trend in today's civil engineering are growing demands for quality and comfort constructed buildings and spaces in them. This trend causes a change in the approach to designing buildings and building new buildings. One of the main directions great importance is attached dedicated reconstruction of buildings and their technical adjustments to meet the ever increasing demands being norms and laws. One of the most monitored parameters are thermal-technical characteristics of objects - i.e. better quality means saving on heating costs. In this connection there is a big trend of the modern construction industry and building insulation, mainly ETICS systems. Dissertation focuses on the basic (reinforced) layer of the ETICS and examines the effect of low temperatures, acting on the matter in the implementation of the system, the properties of this layer. This coating is one of the key elements of the system, which more or less determines the quality and durability of the system. The first part deals with the current state of the problem and generally insulation systems, basic types and the advantages and disadvantages of these systems. In the main part of the work is solution focused work, its objectives and methodology for testing materials using laboratory tests and are mentioned outputs of experiments in terms of results. The final section addresses the evaluation of the data and results and output for construction practice. The theme of work was also addressed in the specific research. The works are also numerical and graphical attachments to records of experiments and calculations.