Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University of Adelaide Library. / In many areas of south-eastern Australia, the clearance of temperate eucalypt woodlands for agriculture has been so extensive that only scattered remnant trees remain. The loss of habitat and increased spatial isolation of trees in paddocks is predicted to lead to a decline in plant fecundity because of disruptions to plant-pollinator interactions, which has important implications for the long-term persistence and maintenance of these populations. In order to assess the ability of paddock trees to contribute to population regeneration, this study assessed the reproductive viability and patterns of mating of paddock trees of two woodland species, Eucalyptus camaldulensis and E.leucoxylon in the Mt. Lofty Ranges, South Australia. This study revealed that paddock tree populations of E. camaldulensis and E.leucoxylon were reproductively viable and received sufficient visits by pollinators that resulted in high outcrossing rates. The results suggest that seed collected from these paddock trees are both genetically diverse and representative of adult populations. Therefore, such trees could contribute successfully to conservation strategies that sought to regenerate cleared paddocks. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1292793 / Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 2007

Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Sveriges lantbruksuniv., 2003. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Submitted by Christtiane Fernandes Oliveira (chrisnandes20@gmail.com) on 2018-07-13T19:05:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Christtiane Fernandes OliveiraFINAL.pdf: 3465129 bytes, checksum: e7b11fae4a9aca45b03ac902ed69de2a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Cristina Alexandra de Godoy null (cristina@adm.feis.unesp.br) on 2018-07-13T19:15:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_cf_me_ilha.pdf: 3465129 bytes, checksum: e7b11fae4a9aca45b03ac902ed69de2a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-13T19:15:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_cf_me_ilha.pdf: 3465129 bytes, checksum: e7b11fae4a9aca45b03ac902ed69de2a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-14 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Áreas convertidas para florestas plantadas e sistemas silvipastoris (SSPs), além de contribuírem para a sustentabilidade do sistema e promover maior biodiversidade, tem um papel importante na mitigação dos gases do efeito estufa (GEEs). Deste modo, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a variabilidade espacial da emissão de CO2 (FCO2) e do estoque de carbono do solo (EstC) em áreas com 30 anos de conversão de lavoura para o sistema silvipastoril (consórcio de aroeira e capim braquiária) e floresta plantada de eucalipto, no município de Selvíria-MS. Foram instaladas duas malhas amostrais, uma de 100 × 100 m contendo 102 pontos na área de eucalipto (EU) e outra com 86 pontos amostrais no sistema silvipastoril (SSP), possibilitando fazer uma estatística mais confiável em termos de variabilidade espacial. A emissão de CO2 do solo foi determinada por meio do sistema LI-8100, juntamente à determinação de temperatura e umidade do solo. Os resultados indicaram que a área de EU obteve a maior média de FCO2 (7,22 mol m-2 s-1), maior valor de EstC (21,75 Mg ha-1), e maior grau de humificação da matéria orgânica (HLIFS), indicando um material mais recalcitrante, se comparada ao SSP. A análise variográfica indicou que o intervalo de dependência espacial do FCO2 para SSP variou de 19,8 a 87,9 m, enquanto na EU os valores variaram de 22,3 a 60,9 m. O FCO2 apresentou melhor correlação espacial com estoque de carbono do solo. Os mapas de FCO2 mantiveram um padrão de variabilidade espacial ao longo do tempo para ambas as áreas avaliadas. / Areas converted to planted forests and silvopastoral systems (SSPs), besides contributing to the sustainability of the system and promoting greater biodiversity, play an important role in the mitigation of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Thus, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the spatial variability of CO2 emission (FCO2) and soil carbon stock (EstC) in areas with 30 years of conversion to the silvipastoril system (Myracrodruon urundeuva, consortium and brachiaria grass) and planted forest of eucalyptus, in the municipality of Selvíria-MS. Two sample meshes were installed, one of 100 × 100 m containing 102 points in the eucalyptus (EU) area and the other with 86 sampling points in the silvipastoral system (SSP), making it possible to make a statistic more reliable in terms of spatial variability. The CO2 emission of the soil was determined by the LI-8100 system, together with the determination of soil temperature and humidity. The results indicate that the EU area obtained the highest average FCO2 (7.22 μmol m-2 s-1), a higher value of EstC (21.75 Mg ha-1), and a higher degree of humification of organic matter (HLIFS), indicating a more recalcitrant material, when compared to SSP. The variographic analysis indicated that the spatial dependence range of FCO2 for SSP ranged from 19.8 to 87.9 m, while in the EU the values ranged from 22.3 to 60.9 m. FCO2 showed better spatial correlation with soil carbon stock. The FCO2 maps maintained a spatial variability pattern over time for both areas evaluated. / FAPESP: 16/03861-5

Orientador: Alan Rodrigo Panosso / Resumo: Áreas convertidas para florestas plantadas e sistemas silvipastoris (SSPs), além de contribuírem para a sustentabilidade do sistema e promover maior biodiversidade, tem um papel importante na mitigação dos gases do efeito estufa (GEEs). Deste modo, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a variabilidade espacial da emissão de CO2 (FCO2) e do estoque de carbono do solo (EstC) em áreas com 30 anos de conversão de lavoura para o sistema silvipastoril (consórcio de aroeira e capim braquiária) e floresta plantada de eucalipto, no município de Selvíria-MS. Foram instaladas duas malhas amostrais, uma de 100 × 100 m contendo 102 pontos na área de eucalipto (EU) e outra com 86 pontos amostrais no sistema silvipastoril (SSP), possibilitando fazer uma estatística mais confiável em termos de variabilidade espacial. A emissão de CO2 do solo foi determinada por meio do sistema LI-8100, juntamente à determinação de temperatura e umidade do solo. Os resultados indicaram que a área de EU obteve a maior média de FCO2 (7,22 mol m-2 s-1), maior valor de EstC (21,75 Mg ha-1), e maior grau de humificação da matéria orgânica (HLIFS), indicando um material mais recalcitrante, se comparada ao SSP. A análise variográfica indicou que o intervalo de dependência espacial do FCO2 para SSP variou de 19,8 a 87,9 m, enquanto na EU os valores variaram de 22,3 a 60,9 m. O FCO2 apresentou melhor correlação espacial com estoque de carbono do solo. Os mapas de FCO2 mantiveram um padrão de variabilidade espac... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Areas converted to planted forests and silvopastoral systems (SSPs), besides contributing to the sustainability of the system and promoting greater biodiversity, play an important role in the mitigation of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Thus, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the spatial variability of CO2 emission (FCO2) and soil carbon stock (EstC) in areas with 30 years of conversion to the silvipastoril system (Myracrodruon urundeuva, consortium and brachiaria grass) and planted forest of eucalyptus, in the municipality of Selvíria-MS. Two sample meshes were installed, one of 100 × 100 m containing 102 points in the eucalyptus (EU) area and the other with 86 sampling points in the silvipastoral system (SSP), making it possible to make a statistic more reliable in terms of spatial variability. The CO2 emission of the soil was determined by the LI-8100 system, together with the determination of soil temperature and humidity. The results indicate that the EU area obtained the highest average FCO2 (7.22 μmol m-2 s-1), a higher value of EstC (21.75 Mg ha-1), and a higher degree of humification of organic matter (HLIFS), indicating a more recalcitrant material, when compared to SSP. The variographic analysis indicated that the spatial dependence range of FCO2 for SSP ranged from 19.8 to 87.9 m, while in the EU the values ranged from 22.3 to 60.9 m. FCO2 showed better spatial correlation with soil carbon stock. The FCO2 maps maintained a spatial variability pattern ove... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo geral analisar por CG-EM o óleo essencial de Eucalyptus camaldulensis Denh. influenciado por doses de NPK. A pesquisa justifica-se pela necessidade de se observar a influência da adubação NPK na concentração dos constituintes químicos do óleo essencial de Eucalyptus camaldulensis Denh., já que não existem informações sobre o tema para a espécie em estudo. Coletaram-se as amostras nas primeiras horas da manhã, aproximadamente 07h30min, no campo experimental da Embrapa Roraima. Extraiuse o óleo essencial das amostras coletadas pelo processo de hidrodestilação com sistema tipo Clevenger por 4 horas no Laboratório de Produtos Naturais da Universidade Federal de Roraima. Os óleos voláteis obtidos foram acondicionados em embalagens de vidro âmbar e mantidos resfriados para posterior análise química. Com o auxílio de cromatógrafo a gás Shimadzu acoplado a um detector de espectrometria de massas quadrupolar, QP-5050a, foram realizadas análises cromatográficas, as quais forneceram informações qualitativa e quantitativa. Esses dados quantitativos foram aplicados à modelos estatísticos a fim de se obter informações da influência da adubação NPK na concentração dos constituintes químicos do óleo essencial. Com isso pode confirmar a influencia da adubação NPK, aumentando ou diminuindo, em concentrações da composição química dos grupos hidrocarbonetos monoterpênicos, monoterpenos oxigenados, hidrocarbonetos sesquiterpênicos e sesquiterpenos oxigenados, bem como os constituintes β-pineno e eucaliptol, exceto o p-cimeno, o qual não foi influenciado pelas doses de NPK. Já os constituintes químicos carvacrol, espatulenol e globulol não foram possíveis analisar a influência da adubação NPK para estes compostos químicos. / This study aimed at analyzing by GC-MS of the essential oil of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Denh. influenced by doses of NPK. The research is justified by the need to observe the influence of NPK fertilization on the concentration of chemical constituents of essential oil of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Denh., there is no information on the subject for the species under study. Samples were collected in the first hours of the morning, about 07:30 a.m. in the experimental field of Embrapa Roraima. Was extracted from the essential oil samples by hydrodistillation process with Clevenger-type system for 4 hours at the Laboratory of Natural Products, Universidade Federal de Roraima. The volatile oils obtained were packaged in amber glass bottles and kept refrigerated for later chemical analysis. With the help of Shimadzu gas chromatograph coupled to a detector quadrupole mass spectrometry, QP-5050th, chromatographic analysis was performed, which provided qualitative and quantitative information. These quantitative data were applied to statistical models in order to obtain information on the influence of NPK fertilization on the concentration of chemical constituents of essential oil. This may confirm the influence of NPK fertilization, increasing or decreasing concentrations of the chemical composition of the monoterpene hydrocarbon groups, oxygenated monoterpenes, sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated sesquiterpenes as well as the constituents β-pinene and eucalyptol, except the p-cymene, the which was not influenced by the levels of NPK. Since the chemical constituents carvacrol, and espatulenol globulol not been possible to analyze the influence of NPK fertilization for these chemicals.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-12-16Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:25:41Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ferreirafilho_pj_me_fca.pdf: 738586 bytes, checksum: 866f186ef0a9be94a392e155c2cf52e2 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Empresa Privada / Os psilídeos são um grupo de pragas amplamente distribuídas, causando perdas consideráveis em sistemas agrícolas e florestais. A recente descoberta da ocorrência do psilídeo-de-concha Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), no Brasil tornou-se um problema de grande importância, por ser específico de Eucalyptus. O parasitóide Psyllaephagus bliteus Riek (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) é indicado como principal agente no controle biológico desta praga. Portanto, para o monitoramento adequado de ambas espécies é necessário um método eficiente de amostragem. Devido a sua importância econômica, esse trabalho objetivou estudar as populações de G. brimblecombei e de P. bliteus em floresta de Eucalyptus camaldulensis por dois métodos de amostragem, utilizando armadilhas amarelas e coleta de folhas para determinação de sua distribuição espacial, flutuação populacional, a relação com fatores meteorológicos (temperatura e precipitação), proporção sexual, e correlacionar os métodos de amostragem com ambas populações. A determinação da distribuição espacial, flutuação populacional, proporção sexual e correlação dos métodos de amostragem (53 armadilhas amarelas e 53 ramos/avaliação) foi realizada em um talhão de 19 ha com E. camaldulensis em Luiz Antônio, SP, com 10 avaliações, entre janeiro e junho de 2005. Concluiu-se que as populações de ambas espécies apresentaram distribuição espacial agregada, possue correlação inversamente proporcional à temperatura, independente do método de amostragem; não foi constatado correlação entre ambas espécies e a precipitação pluviométrica, as armadilhas adesivas amarelas são viáveis como método de amostragem e a proporção sexual (macho : fêmea) foi baixa para populações de G. brimblecombei e alta para populações de P. bliteus, sendo coletados mais fêmeas que machos para ambas espécies, no período avaliado. / Psyllids are a widespread group of pests, causing severe damage on agricultural and forestry systems. The recent discovery about occurrence of red gum lerp psyllid Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), in Brazil is nowadays a great problem in Eucalyptus forests, mainly in E. camaldulensis. The psyllid specific parasitic wasp Psyllaephagus bliteus Riek (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) is this pest main biological control agent. Thus, the adequate monitoring of both species by a efficient sampling method would facilitate a future decision making. Due to its economic importance, this study aimed to evaluate G. brimblecombei and P. bliteus populations in Eucalyptus camaldulensis plantation by two sampling methods, using yellow traps and foliage samples to determinate their spatial distribution, population fluctuation with weather interactions (temperature and rainfall) and sexual rate and to correlate sampling methods with both populations. The study of the populational fluctuation, the sexual rate, the spatial distribution and correlation sampling methods (53 traps sampled and 53 branches sampled per sampling dates) was carried out on E. camaldulensis plantations in a 19 ha area in Luiz Antônio municipality (SP, Brazil), between January and June, 2005 (10 sampling dates). This research indicated that population of both species noticed special aggregated distribution, inversely proportional correlation subject to temperature. However between sampling methods, there was no correlation between both species with the rainfall, yellow stick traps were useful as sampling methods, sexual rate (male:female) is low to G. brimblecombei populations and high to P. bliteus populations, have been collected more female than male to both species in the evaluated period.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-02-27Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:39:04Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 alves_pf_me_ilha.pdf: 1156996 bytes, checksum: b15b4fc65711b183e64e0ad1b0e86836 (MD5) / O Eucalyptus camaldulensis destaca-se pelo potencial de utilização de sua madeira, como também pela sua plasticidade de adaptação a diferentes condições ambientais brasileiras. Dessa forma, se utilizou duas metodologias, para avaliar uma população base de E. camaldulensis, originária da Austrália, e instalada em Selvíria-MS em abril de 1986. A primeira procurou avaliar a variação genética para os caracteres silviculturais: altura total, altura comercial, altura da primeira bifurcação, diâmetro a altura do peito e volume; como também da qualidade da madeira como a resistência à penetração e a densidade básica da madeira. Para tanto, utilizou-se um delineamento em blocos casualizados com 25 progênies, 4 repetições e 1 planta por parcela. As estimativas de componentes de variância e parâmetros genéticos foram obtidas pelo método da máxima verossimilhança restrita e melhor predição linear não viciada (REML/BLUP). Verificou-se que: i) não se detectou variação genética para os caracteres silviculturais e da qualidade da madeira; ii) o caráter mais indicado para a seleção foi à altura comercial (HC) em função dos maiores coeficientes de variação relativa ( = 0,32), herdabilidade (rCV2mhˆ = 0,28) e da acurácia ( = 0,54) encontrados; iii) a população de E. camaldulensis apresenta bom desenvolvimento silvicultural (HT = 25,36m) na região do bolsão sul-matogrossense; iv) a alta densidade básica da madeira (DBM = 0,74) desta população de E. camaldulensis indica este material para uso em serraria e energia (carvão e lenha). A segunda metodologia procurou avaliar a diversidade genética e o sistema reprodutivo desta população, por meio de marcador microssatélite. Para tanto, foram amostrados tecidos foliares em 100 árvores de uma população de E. camaldulensis localizada na Fazenda de Ensino e Pesquisa da UNESP de Ilha Solteira, situada... / The Eucalyptus camaldulensis is distinguished for the potential of use of its wood, as well as for its plasticity of adaptation the different Brazilian ambient conditions. Of this form, if it used two methodologies, to evaluate a population base of E. camaldulensis, originary of Australia, and installed in Selvíria-MS in April of 1986. The first one looked for to evaluate the genetic variation for the silvicultural traits: total height, commercial height, height of the first bifurcation, breast height diameter and volume; as well as of the wood quality as the resistance to the penetration and the wood density. The experimental design utilized was a randomized block with 25 progenies, four replications and one plant for plot was used. The genetic estimates of variance components and parameters had been gotten by the method of the restricted maximum likelihood and best linear unbiased prediction (REML/BLUP). It was verified that: i) did not detect genetic variation for the silvicultural traits and of the quality of the wood; ii) the indicated trait more for the election was to the commercial height (HC) in function of the biggest coefficients of relative variation ( = 0,32), heritability (rCV2mhˆ = 0,28) and of the accuracy ( = 0,54) found; iii) the population of E. camaldulensis presents good aarˆsilvicultural development (HT = 25,36m) in the region of the south-matogrossense; iv) the high wood density (DBM = 0,74) of this population of E. camaldulensis indicates this material for use in would saw and energy (coal and firewood). The second methodology looked for to evaluate the genetic diversity and the mating system of this population, by means of marking microsatellite. For in such a way, they had been showed leaves in 100 E. camaldulensis trees of a population located in the Farm of Education and Research of the UNESP in Selvíria-MS. It was observed that the nine evaluated locos... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

In Australia, significant effort goes into reducing the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus entering inland waters from point sources. However, little is known of the extent to which riparian organic matter may act as a source of these nutrients. Also, whilst the relationships between the nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon cycles are broadly known, there is little quantitative data regarding the release of these elements from Australian riparian organic matter and their subsequent microbial mineralisation within aquatic environments. In particular, comparatively little is known of their comparative role in nutrient and organic matter cycling within anoxic zones, and the influence that different riparian organic matter may have on stream water quality. This lack of such data presently hampers the ability of water managers to make educated decisions regarding the management of riparian zones in Australia. In order to improve understanding in this area, a combination of laboratory and in situ experiments were carried out in order to compare the abiotic release and aerobic/ anaerobic mineralisation of leaf derived dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved nitrate/nitrite (NOx) and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) under different environmental conditions. Four plants common to Australian riparian zones were investigated: two native species, Eucalyptus camaldulensis (gum) and Phragmites australis (common reed), and two exotic species, Salix babylonica (willow) and Lolium multiflorum (rye grass). After 30 days, formaldehyde inhibited 1g willow and rye grass extracts contained the most SRP (0.7 mg/L), whilst gum extracts contained 0.3 mg/L and common reed 0.1 mg/L of SRP.Willow and rye grass abiotically released twice as much NOx than gum and common reed, although concentrations were only between 0.05-0.1 mg/L. Gum and common reed released the most DOC per gram of leaf matter (14 and 12 mmol/g of leaf matter respectively), but based on the initial carbon content of each leaf type, the largest percentage contributor of DOC under abiotic conditions was common reed and rye grass (both 38% mass/mass), with gum (33% mass/mass) and willow (30% mass/mass) being smaller contributors. The most bioavailable DOC was released by rye grass and common reed, with between 83 and 94% of this DOC microbially mineralised after 30 days in oxic conditions. When conditions were not inhibited, microbial growth was evident almost immediately in willow, rye grass and common reed leaf extracts. However, microbial growth was suppressed for the first 48 hours in gum leaf extracts. After this suppression period, the rate of DOC mineralisation was equal in willow and gum leaf extracts (0.1 day-1). Under anoxic conditions, the rate and extent of DOC mineralisation of willow and gum leaves depended on the type of electron acceptor provided. Added nitrate and iron III enhanced the mineralisation of both willow and gum leaves relative to no terminal electron acceptors (from zero to 0.01-0.04 and 0.002- 0.004 moles/day respectively), but added sulphate only enhanced the mineralisation of gum leaves (0.04 moles/day). When no additional electron acceptors were provided, particulate leaf mineralisation was more extensive under oxic than anoxic conditions. However, the mineralisation of leaf derived DOC were the same regardless of oxygen availability, and after 35 days in either condition the percentage of leaf DOC mineralised for each leaf type was of the order common reed > rye grass > willow > gum. All the leaf types tested were able to sustain the caddis fly larvae Triplectides australis under controlled laboratory conditions, and survival rates were high using all four leaf types as a food source. Triplectides australis did not significantly increase the amount of DOC released from each type of leaf matter, but they did consistently increase the proportion of simple carbohydrates present within the DOC fraction. The results of these experiments suggest that changes to riparian vegetation, particularly from the native to exotic species used in this study, will inherently alter in-stream concentrations of dissolved carbon and nutrients (particularly SRP). This potentially will affect in-stream, hyporheic and subsurface processes, particularly in areas where surface water flow is low and riparian leaf inputs are high.

Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2015. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh., or River Red Gum, is a commercially valuable yet recognised invasive alien plant (IAP) of riparian zones throughout South Africa. The invasive potential of E. camaldulensis is widely recognised, with specific regulations aimed at the management of E. camaldulensis. E. camaldulensis is known to use large amounts of water, reduce biodiversity, change river morphology and impact hydrological regimes of rivers. In the native range throughout Australia, E. camaldulensis displays a distinct relationship between rainfall, and flood events, for seed dispersal, germination and establishment, and consequently spatial extent, yet little is known about the relationships in the South African context. The aim of this project was to assess the impact of high rainfall and flood events on the establishment and distribution of E. camaldulensis along the Middle Breede River, between Worcester and Swellendam in the Western Cape, by establishing the current spatial extent of E. camaldulensis along the river, identifying flood events since 1950 and evaluating the impact rainfall and flood events had on the spatial extent thereof. Aerial imagery, rainfall, discharge and river level data was obtained dating back to 1980, as well as field data comprising of GPS-bounding of E. camaldulensis stands. Additionally, density measurements were obtained and interviews conducted with land users. Spatial analysis of aerial imagery, coupled with perimeter (GPS) data and density data were used to conduct spatio-temporal analysis, employing GIS and conventional statistical approaches to address the various objectives. Results indicated E. camaldulensis stands had a small overall increase in spatial extent since 1980. Flooding and rainfall events coincided with an increase in occurrence of E. camaldulensis with elevated river levels and frequent flooding, while spatial variation of this relationship was observed. The hydrological regime of the Breede River coincides with a slow increase in spatial extent of E. camaldulensis stands, but no affirmation of a positive real-world relationship was possible using the available data. Results further suggested, based on the current age class composition, that existing stands originated roughly during 1980, possibly due to commercial forestry related seeding into the river. Reduced fragmentation between stakeholders, educational programmes and improved reporting systems were recommended for improved IAP management within the area. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Eucalyptus camaldulensis, of Rooibloekom (RB), is ‘n waardevolle kommersiële, maar erkende indringer plantspesie (IP) wat veral oewersones in Suid-Afrika indring. Die indringerpotensiaal van E. camaldulensis is welbekend, en spesifieke regulasies, gemik op die bestuur van RB en ander spesies is reeds aangeneem. E. camaldulensis is veral bekend vir sy hoë watergebruik, sy vermindering van biodiversiteit, sy vermoë om riviervorme te verander en sy algehele impak op die hidrologiese patroon van riviere waarmee dit in aanraking kom. In sy oorspronklike verspreidingsgebied in Australië toon E. camaldulensis ‘n bepaalde verhouding tussen reënval en vloedgebeurtenisse vir saadverspreiding, ontkieming en vestiging en derhalwe die ruimtelike verspreiding van die spesie; alhoewel hierdie verhouding in die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks steeds redelik onverduidelik bly. Die doelwit van hierdie studie was dus om die impak van hoë reënval en vloedgebeurtenisse op die ruimtelike verspreiding en vestiging van E. camaldulensis teenaan die Middel Breëde Rivier, spesifiek tussen Worcester en Swellendam, te evalueer. Hierdie doelwit was bereik deur die historiese ruimtelike verspreiding teenaan die rivier te meet, hoë reënval en vloedgebeurtenisse vanaf 1980 te identifiseer, en die huidige verspreiding en omtrek met GPS te meet. Digtheidafmetings, sowel as onderhoude met belanghebbendes teenaan die rivier was ook opgeneem. Visuele interpretatasie van lugfotos, sowel as omtrek (GPS) en digtheid-data was gebruik om ruimtelike analise uit te voer, deur die gebruik van GIS en konvensionele statistiese metodes, ten einde die doelwitte te evalueer. Resultate dui aan dat E. camaldulensis areas ‘n klein algemene groei getoon het sedert 1980. Hoë-reënval en gereëlde vloedgebeurtenisse het ook gepaard gegaan met ‘n groei van E. camaldulensis oppervlak, alhoewel hierdie verhouding ruimtelike variasie getoon het, met ‘n algemene groei patroon gemerk oor die volledige studietydperk. Ook geen stimulerende verhouding kon vanuit die beskikbare data bevestig word nie. Addisionele resultate het aangedui dat die verspreiding van E. camaldulensis ongeveer 1980 onstaan het, moontlik as gevolg van kommersiële bosbou-aanplanting en verwante saadverspreiding in die rivier vanaf daardie tyd. Aanbevelings ten opsigte van verbeterde indringerbestuur sluit in die beperking van huidige fragmentasie tussen belanghebbendes en betrokke verwyderingsorganisasies, addisionele onderrigprogramme sowel as die verbetering van terugvoersisteme.

Orientador: Mario Luiz Teixeira de Moraes / Banca: Miguel Luiz Menezes Freitas / Banca: Ana Lilia Alzate Marin / Resumo: O Eucalyptus camaldulensis destaca-se pelo potencial de utilização de sua madeira, como também pela sua plasticidade de adaptação a diferentes condições ambientais brasileiras. Dessa forma, se utilizou duas metodologias, para avaliar uma população base de E. camaldulensis, originária da Austrália, e instalada em Selvíria-MS em abril de 1986. A primeira procurou avaliar a variação genética para os caracteres silviculturais: altura total, altura comercial, altura da primeira bifurcação, diâmetro a altura do peito e volume; como também da qualidade da madeira como a resistência à penetração e a densidade básica da madeira. Para tanto, utilizou-se um delineamento em blocos casualizados com 25 progênies, 4 repetições e 1 planta por parcela. As estimativas de componentes de variância e parâmetros genéticos foram obtidas pelo método da máxima verossimilhança restrita e melhor predição linear não viciada (REML/BLUP). Verificou-se que: i) não se detectou variação genética para os caracteres silviculturais e da qualidade da madeira; ii) o caráter mais indicado para a seleção foi à altura comercial (HC) em função dos maiores coeficientes de variação relativa ( = 0,32), herdabilidade (rCV2mhˆ = 0,28) e da acurácia ( = 0,54) encontrados; iii) a população de E. camaldulensis apresenta bom desenvolvimento silvicultural (HT = 25,36m) na região do bolsão sul-matogrossense; iv) a alta densidade básica da madeira (DBM = 0,74) desta população de E. camaldulensis indica este material para uso em serraria e energia (carvão e lenha). A segunda metodologia procurou avaliar a diversidade genética e o sistema reprodutivo desta população, por meio de marcador microssatélite. Para tanto, foram amostrados tecidos foliares em 100 árvores de uma população de E. camaldulensis localizada na Fazenda de Ensino e Pesquisa da UNESP de Ilha Solteira, situada... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The Eucalyptus camaldulensis is distinguished for the potential of use of its wood, as well as for its plasticity of adaptation the different Brazilian ambient conditions. Of this form, if it used two methodologies, to evaluate a population base of E. camaldulensis, originary of Australia, and installed in Selvíria-MS in April of 1986. The first one looked for to evaluate the genetic variation for the silvicultural traits: total height, commercial height, height of the first bifurcation, breast height diameter and volume; as well as of the wood quality as the resistance to the penetration and the wood density. The experimental design utilized was a randomized block with 25 progenies, four replications and one plant for plot was used. The genetic estimates of variance components and parameters had been gotten by the method of the restricted maximum likelihood and best linear unbiased prediction (REML/BLUP). It was verified that: i) did not detect genetic variation for the silvicultural traits and of the quality of the wood; ii) the indicated trait more for the election was to the commercial height (HC) in function of the biggest coefficients of relative variation ( = 0,32), heritability (rCV2mhˆ = 0,28) and of the accuracy ( = 0,54) found; iii) the population of E. camaldulensis presents good aarˆsilvicultural development (HT = 25,36m) in the region of the south-matogrossense; iv) the high wood density (DBM = 0,74) of this population of E. camaldulensis indicates this material for use in would saw and energy (coal and firewood). The second methodology looked for to evaluate the genetic diversity and the mating system of this population, by means of marking microsatellite. For in such a way, they had been showed leaves in 100 E. camaldulensis trees of a population located in the Farm of Education and Research of the UNESP in Selvíria-MS. It was observed that the nine evaluated locos... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre