The purpose of this study was to determine which types of student application information, as well as demographic information obtained through a questionnaire after matriculation, best predicted later academic performance in an international English-medium university in Japan, and to examine the "big picture" of how cognitive and non-cognitive variables interact over time in accounting for student success in an English for Academic Purposes (EAP) program and in the regular university program. The study was divided into three parts that separately examined student application information, university entrance examinations, and the larger picture of student success. In the first part of the study, a hierarchical multiple regression was employed to determine the extent to which a variety of variables derived from application information predicted grade point average (GPA) in the EAP program, as well as first-year GPA and final GPA in the regular university program. The independent variables examined in the main regression analysis were: high school grade point average (HSGPA); ITP TOEFL scores obtained in April of the students' first year at the university; and hensachi rankings of the students' high schools. Results indicated that HSGPA was a consistently significant predictor of all levels of university GPA. ITP TOEFL scores significantly predicted EAP GPA, and <italic>hensachi / CITE/Language Arts

The purpose of this study was to analyze the reliability and validity of three achievement tests, with emphasis given to instructional validity. The tests were used to assess the performance of Business Computer Applications (BCA) students on their achievement of knowledge of computer application software concepts and vocabulary for word processing, spreadsheet, and database. Five concepts and vocabulary categories addressed included: vocabulary, access software, data/text entry, editing, and formatting. Data were also collected from BCA teachers of the students. Teachers were asked to rate each item for the three software types of the achievement test as to whether the concepts and vocabulary corresponding to that item had been taught. A selected sample was used in the study. Classes were divided into three approximately even student groups. Each group completed one of the tests for each software type. Percentage of items correct for the three software types were 53%-word processing, 46%- spreadsheet, and 36%-database. The Kuder-Richardson 20 (KR-20) estimates for the software types were .92--word processing, .92--spreadsheet, and .76--database. Due to a wide dispersion of KR-20 values for items within the 5 concepts and vocabulary categories by software, the items are useful only for group measures. Most of the 8 teachers did not teach a substantial part of the concepts and vocabulary included in the validated test items. This outcome indicates the curriculum related to the items needs to be examined and revised so that teachers can emphasize the most important concepts and vocabulary with their students. Analyses outcomes indicated that 59 of 60 word processing items, 51 of the 59 spreadsheet items, and 45 of the 59 database items were instructionally valid. Teachers selecting items for purposes of examining the achievement of their students related to software concepts and vocabulary cam effectively use items determined to be instructionally valid in this study. / Ph. D.

Cervical cancer is reported to be the first among the five leading cancers affecting women in South Africa and the leading cancer among Black females. There is a high incidence and mortality rate among underserved and under-screened women presenting with cervical cancer as they are often unable to access screening facilities. Very little has been done to establish the factors in private health care provision that influence the implementation of cervical screening programmes. The study investigates factors influencing cervical cancer screening programme implementation among private medical practitioners in Soshanguve to establish whether private practitioners assume their roles in cervical screening. The intention is to provide guidelines for a screening programme that could be implemented in private health facilities. The study is qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual, using interviews and observation as the main data-collection methods. Lack of awareness and interest, failure to inform patients about cervical screening, age and gender of medical practitioners were among the factors identified. The study concluded that awareness programmes about cervical screening and materials containing information on cervical cancer and predisposing factors should be designed. The utilization of cheaper laboratory service providers could increase participation by making the test affordable and accessible to cash patients. The establishment of a private Pap clinic within medical practices or even as an independent entity is also recommended. / Health Studies / M.A. (Public Health)

Thesis / This research is mainly concerned with determining whether the existing evaluation methods/measurement instruments used in Business Management at Technikon SA, are still suitable, adequate and acceptable enough for continued use, or whether there is a need for the introduction of alternative methods. The first objective in this research was to determine what the exact role and function of evaluation in the education process is. On the basis of literature, it was determined that evaluation, and by implication measurement, is a crucial component of the education process and that no real teaching or learning can occur without it. Second, an attempt was made to determine what the nature and extent of the shortcomings of the existing measurement instruments were. Also on the basis of literature it was found that there are numerous and serious disadvantages in the existing measurement instruments. Third, the researcher also attempted to determine whether any other (alternative) measurement instruments, in addition to the existing ones, were available. It was discovered that there are a variety of alternative evaluation/measurement instruments available. Fourth, the measurement instruments used in Business Management were analysed and compared to the Business Management curriculum objectives to determine whether they were indeed suitable for the subject. It was found that, although a positive correlation seems to exist between the measurement instruments and the curriculum objectives, there were certain definite shortcomings in the existing measurement instruments in terms of the realization of some of the curriculum objectives. Fifth, focus group interviews were used as a research method to get an understanding of the views of TSA learners on the aspect of evaluation and the methods/instruments currently used. Most of the participants expressed a need for more practical types of measurement/evaluation. However, many participants felt the written examination should not be abolished entirely, but be used in conjunction with other more practical methods. The research concluded with a number of recommendations based on the findings in this research. / Curriculum and Instructional Studies / D. Ed. (Didactics)

We as teacher of English are faced with the task of preparing students for the world they will meet when they leave the classroom—a world that will judge them in part by their ability to manipulate the language to their advantage. And yet to measure the use of language, we rely almost exclusively on written measurements. It seems likely that students may easily learn to give the teacher the answer he wants on written tests of English usage. Oral tests are commercially available, but many are prohibitively expensive; others require hours of instruction before the teacher can consider himself qualified to administer the test; and still others include the measurement of so many varied objectives that they do not allow the teacher to pinpoint a particular language problem on which he may want to concentrate. Some oral tests have all of these drawback. It is hopes that a test of spoken English usage—one which directs itself to a specific language problem—can be constructed that will overcome the drawbacks mentioned above. And it is hoped that such a test will prove to be adaptable to classroom uses in much the same way that a written test would be; that is, it can be constructed by any classroom teacher. It is hoped that such a test can be proven valid. What form should a test take that is designed to measure spoken English usage and at the same time, is designed to be specific, usable, and readily adaptable to classroom use?

丁穎茵. / "2000年6月" / 論文 (哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2000. / 參考文獻 (leaves 204-214) / 附中英文摘要. / "2000 nian 6 yue" / Ding Yingyin. / Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2000. / Can kao wen xian (leaves 204-214) / Fu Zhong Ying wen zhai yao. / Chapter 第一章´Ø --- 問題與回顧 / Chapter 一、 --- 王學與科舉 --- p.1 / Chapter 二、 --- 近人研究回顧 --- p.2 / Chapter 1/ --- 有關思想史硏究的構想 --- p.2 / Chapter 2/ --- 科舉制度與考試文化 --- p.7 / Chapter 3/ --- 個案硏究 --- p.11 / Chapter 三、 --- 章節安排 --- p.15 / Chapter 第二章´Ø --- 從考試評審標準論明代學術的轉變 / Chapter 一、 --- 舉業與學術 --- p.17 / Chapter 1/ --- 科舉的另一面 --- p.17 / Chapter 2/ --- 批評朱學的試卷 --- p.18 / Chapter 二、 --- 評審標準的趣¯‘ة --- p.20 / Chapter 1/ --- 史料與評審標準 --- p.20 / Chapter 2/ --- 各科考試的重點 --- p.21 / Chapter 3/ --- 評審標準的「無我」到「有我」 --- p.27 / Chapter 三、 --- 從朱學到王學 --- p.30 / Chapter 1/ --- 體認的歷史淵源 --- p.30 / Chapter 2/ --- 體認的升格 --- p.31 / Chapter 3/ --- 體認標準的衝擊 --- p.38 / Chapter 4/ --- 體認的另一出路四 --- p.42 / Chapter 四、 --- 結論 --- p.47 / Chapter 第三章´Ø --- 唐順之：考試用書與科舉 / Chapter 一、 --- 《文編》的編撰 --- p.49 / Chapter 二、 --- 從科舉之道到入聖之途 --- p.50 / Chapter 三、 --- 明代考試用書簡介 --- p.57 / Chapter 四、 --- 理想與現實的平衡 --- p.62 / Chapter 1/ --- 第三場的考試範圍 --- p.63 / Chapter 2/ --- 《文編》：神明與應試之奧妙 --- p.68 / Chapter 3/ --- 《諸儒語要》：關係世教與登第之作 --- p.76 / Chapter 五、 --- 《文編》、《諸儒語要》的下場 --- p.82 / Chapter 六、 --- 結論 --- p.85 / Chapter 第四章´Ø --- 王畿：德業、舉業並重的講會 / Chapter 一、 --- 隨緣解縛法 --- p.88 / Chapter 二、 --- 講會：吾人此生大事 --- p.90 / Chapter 1/ --- 何謂講會？ --- p.91 / Chapter 2/ --- 交修麗澤之益 --- p.97 / Chapter 3/ --- 舉業與德業：理想的講會 --- p.103 / Chapter 三、 --- 學術與事業 --- p.109 / Chapter 1/ --- 《登科錄》：王學的舉業紀錄 --- p.110 / Chapter 2/ --- 王畿學生：王門德業的傳承 --- p.115 / Chapter 四、 --- 狂者是非 --- p.122 / Chapter 1/ --- 腹背受敵的傳道人 --- p.123 / Chapter 2/ --- 師門血脈的展開 --- p.129 / Chapter 3/ --- 一代宗盟的魅力 --- p.133 / Chapter 五、 --- 結論 --- p.137 / Chapter 第五章´Ø --- 耿定向：地方教育與王學的傳播 / Chapter 一、 --- 德業、舉業與功名富貴 --- p.140 / Chapter 二、 --- 謹序庠之教 --- p.143 / Chapter 1/ --- 鄒魯之教 --- p.144 / Chapter 2/ --- 策問：學道之筌 --- p.146 / Chapter 3/ --- 講學：尋譯正道的入門 --- p.156 / Chapter 三、 --- 道不遠施 --- p.162 / Chapter 1/ --- 《權子》：王學的野語、童謠 --- p.163 / Chapter 2/ --- 《繹異編》：郢書燕說 --- p.170 / Chapter 四、 --- 傳道與授業 --- p.181 / Chapter 1/ --- 《登科錄》：功名與德業的紀錄 --- p.182 / Chapter 2/ --- 耿門弟子：德業的傳承 --- p.188 / Chapter 五、 --- 結論 --- p.194 / Chapter 第六章´Ø --- 結論 / Chapter 一、 --- 舉業即「士業」 --- p.197 / Chapter 二、 --- 考試評審標準一體認內涵的轉變 --- p.197 / Chapter 三、 --- 王學的傳播 --- p.198 / 參考書目 --- p.204 / 附錄一：明代鄉試、會試中選比率表 --- p.215 / 附錄二：明代科舉考試第三場題目分類表 --- p.217 / 附錄三：王畿學生生平簡介表 --- p.244 / 附錄四：耿定向策問題目分類表 --- p.246

Cervical cancer is reported to be the first among the five leading cancers affecting women in South Africa and the leading cancer among Black females. There is a high incidence and mortality rate among underserved and under-screened women presenting with cervical cancer as they are often unable to access screening facilities. Very little has been done to establish the factors in private health care provision that influence the implementation of cervical screening programmes. The study investigates factors influencing cervical cancer screening programme implementation among private medical practitioners in Soshanguve to establish whether private practitioners assume their roles in cervical screening. The intention is to provide guidelines for a screening programme that could be implemented in private health facilities. The study is qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual, using interviews and observation as the main data-collection methods. Lack of awareness and interest, failure to inform patients about cervical screening, age and gender of medical practitioners were among the factors identified. The study concluded that awareness programmes about cervical screening and materials containing information on cervical cancer and predisposing factors should be designed. The utilization of cheaper laboratory service providers could increase participation by making the test affordable and accessible to cash patients. The establishment of a private Pap clinic within medical practices or even as an independent entity is also recommended. / Health Studies / M.A. (Public Health)

Thesis / This research is mainly concerned with determining whether the existing evaluation methods/measurement instruments used in Business Management at Technikon SA, are still suitable, adequate and acceptable enough for continued use, or whether there is a need for the introduction of alternative methods. The first objective in this research was to determine what the exact role and function of evaluation in the education process is. On the basis of literature, it was determined that evaluation, and by implication measurement, is a crucial component of the education process and that no real teaching or learning can occur without it. Second, an attempt was made to determine what the nature and extent of the shortcomings of the existing measurement instruments were. Also on the basis of literature it was found that there are numerous and serious disadvantages in the existing measurement instruments. Third, the researcher also attempted to determine whether any other (alternative) measurement instruments, in addition to the existing ones, were available. It was discovered that there are a variety of alternative evaluation/measurement instruments available. Fourth, the measurement instruments used in Business Management were analysed and compared to the Business Management curriculum objectives to determine whether they were indeed suitable for the subject. It was found that, although a positive correlation seems to exist between the measurement instruments and the curriculum objectives, there were certain definite shortcomings in the existing measurement instruments in terms of the realization of some of the curriculum objectives. Fifth, focus group interviews were used as a research method to get an understanding of the views of TSA learners on the aspect of evaluation and the methods/instruments currently used. Most of the participants expressed a need for more practical types of measurement/evaluation. However, many participants felt the written examination should not be abolished entirely, but be used in conjunction with other more practical methods. The research concluded with a number of recommendations based on the findings in this research. / Curriculum and Instructional Studies / D. Ed. (Didactics)

Text in English / Cervical cancer remains the leading cause of cancer mortality among women worldwide, a burden in the developing countries and commonly detected through symptoms at later invasive stages. The study aimed at establishing knowledge and awareness of the importance of cervical cancer screening in the Makhuduthamaga Sub-district by exploring the perceptions of women and professional nurses and through the review of the National Cervical Cancer Screening Policy (2013). Recommendations to address the gap in knowledge and to inform the National Cervical Cancer Screening Policy were developed based on the study findings. A mixed-method approach was used in this study through a sequential explanatory design, which is quantitatively driven was used. Quantitative data were obtained by using a researcher developed checklist. The checklist was developed from variables stated in the National Cervical Cancer Screening Policy and was used to review its implementation. Qualitative data was obtained through in-depth interviews with individual women and focus group discussions with professional nurses. The study was conducted in ten randomly selected clinics of Makhuduthamaga Sub-district. Purposive sampling was done to obtain qualitative data. An average score of 9.7 was obtained for all ten clinics that participated in the study with regard to the evaluation of the implementation of the National Cervical Cancer Screening Policy. Only 6 (60%) clinics implemented the policy whereas 4 (40%) clinics did not implement the policy. Women and professional nurses perceived cervical cancer screening as important. Lack of knowledge among women regarding cervical cancer screening contributed to the majority of women not screening for cervical cancer. Lack of resources, the 10 year interval of normal cervical cancer screening, the use of disposable vaginal speculums and brushes, lack of standardized cervical cancer screening training, centralization of cytology laboratories came out as factors that negatively influence the uptake of cervical cancer screening. Cervical cancer screening awareness campaigns, availability of resources and standardized in-service trainings on cervical cancer screening were recommended to enhance the cervical cancer screening uptake. Key concepts: / Health Studies / D. Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)

The purpose of the present correlational, ex post facto study was to evaluate the predictive ability and academic achievement criterion outcomes of two district-developed interim mathematics assessment programs for a sample of 5,801 grade 6 students in a large urban school district. Average scores for both interim assessment types were statistically significantly more related to 2013 FCAT 2.0 scores (r = .75 and .72; p < .001) than all other predictors (i.e., student demographics, Florida school grade, and student course GPA) except for 2012 FCAT 2.0 scores (r = .78; p < .001). Further, the newer interim assessment program with an instructional purpose and curriculum-based sequencing had slightly stronger overall predictive power (rs = .88) and a higher criterion mean score (M = 218.08) than the older, state-test mirror interim assessment program (rs = .85; M = 215.47). Regression models by prior year FCAT 2.0 Achievement Level yielded some predictor ranking discrepancies by prior achievement level. Although not statistically significant at the .01 level, groups of students with a more moderate total number of interim assessments outperformed groups with all or nothing. Overall, the two types of interim assessment programs evaluated in the present study were good predictors of the state high-stakes test, 2012 Grade 6 Mathematics FCAT 2.0. However, more research must be done to identify with certainty whether or not the act of taking the interim tests and receiving feedback contributes to improved student learning.