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Automatic text classification using current approaches is known to perform poorly when documents are noisy or when limited amounts of textual content is available. Yet, many users need access to such documents, which are found in large numbers in digital libraries and in the WWW. If documents are not classified, they are difficult to find when browsing. Further, searching precision suffers when categories cannot be checked, since many documents may be retrieved that would fail to meet category constraints. In this work, we study how different types of evidence from multiple sources can be intelligently fused to improve classification of text documents into predefined categories. We present a classification framework based on an inductive learning method -- Genetic Programming (GP) -- to fuse evidence from multiple sources. We show that good classification is possible with documents which are noisy or which have small amounts of text (e.g., short metadata records) -- if multiple sources of evidence are fused in an intelligent way. The framework is validated through experiments performed on documents in two testbeds. One is the ACM Digital Library (using a subset available in connection with CITIDEL, part of NSF's National Science Digital Library). The other is Web data, in particular that portion associated with the Cadê Web directory. Our studies have shown that improvement can be achieved relative to other machine learning approaches if genetic programming methods are combined with classifiers such as kNN. Extensive analysis was performed to study the results generated through the GP-based fusion approach and to understand key factors that promote good classification. / Ph. D.

Licentiatavhandling (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet. / Härtill 3 uppsatser.

Univ., Diss.--Düsseldorf, 2005. / Literaturverz. S. [387] - 423.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Public Policy, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. / Richard P. Barke, Committee Chair ; Roberta Berry, Committee Member ; Ann Bostrom, Committee Member ; Barry Bozeman, Committee Member ; Mary Frank Fox, Committee Member. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Düsseldorf, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [387]-423).

[pt] O objetivo desta tese é refletir sobre o documentário animado. Um produto audiovisual que mistura documentário e animação e está redefinindo o papel do design na produção das novas mídias. Mostramos também que o documentário animado reacende uma série de debates e reflexões relativas à teoria do documentário e da animação em relação às concepções de realismo. A nossa principal premissa é que o documentário sempre se apropriou da tecnologia de forma a favorecer a experimentação e, o documentário animado, em 3D, é a sua forma de se apropriar das tecnologias digitais. Para comprovar esta hipótese mostramos como a experimentação da tecnologia se deu no documentário em diferentes épocas, mais precisamente nos períodos do primeiro cinema, das vanguardas e da escola britânica – de 1900 a 1930, os anos de 1960, e os anos de 1990 (novas mídias). O que nos interessa é investigar esta relação entre os meios de produção utilizados na realização do documentário – quer tenham esta denominação ou não – e os modos de representação e estilos resultantes da tecnologia de cada época, que pretendemos delinear brevemente. O Design está presente nos dois aspectos: nos meios de produção, por sua tradição ligada ao desenvolvimento de tecnologias e instrumentos para viabilizar a produção, e nos modos de representação, porque as referências estéticas da animação são oriundas das artes gráficas (quadrinhos, ilustrações, etc). Isto também explica, em parte, a ausência da animação na teoria do cinema, aspecto que questionamos, mostrando como a animação está contemplada na teoria Deleuziana. Para concluir, fazemos um estudo de caso de um documentário animado emblemático, por sua abordagem da tecnologia 3D. Ryan (2004), de Chris Landreth, resume o potencial do documentário animado enquanto experimentação da tecnologia, intensidade narrativa e estética não figurativa, em singular referência ao pintor Francis Bacon. / [en] The objective of this thesis is to reflect on the animated documentary. An audiovisual product that mixes both documentary and animation and is redefining the role of the design in the production of new media. We also show that the animated documentary rekindled a series of debates and reflections related to documentary s theory and realism concepts in animation. Our main premise is that the documentary has always appropriated of technology in order to allow experimentation, and the animated documentary, in 3D, is the way to appropriate itself of digital technologies. To prove this hypothesis, we show how the trial of the technology occurred in documentary s history at different times, more precisely during the periods of the early cinema, the vanguards and the British School – from 1900 to 1930, the 1960 s and the 1990 s (new media). What concern us is to investigate this relationship between the means of production used in the making of documentary movies – having this denomination or not – and ways of representation and styles resulting from the technology of each period, which we intend to outline briefly. The Design is present in both two aspects: in the means of production – for its tradition related to the development of technologies and tools to make production viable – and in the ways of representation, since the aesthetic references of animation cinema came from the graphic arts (comics, illustration, etc.). This also explains, partially, the absence of animation in cinema s theory, an aspect that we question, showing how animation is included in Deleuze s cinema s theory. Finally, we develop a case study of an emblematic animated documentary, for its approach to the 3D technology. Chris Landreth s Ryan (2004) is a synthesis of potential of the animated documentary as technological experimentation, narrative intensity and non-figurative aesthetic, in a unique reference to the painter Francis Bacon. / [fr] Cette thèse a le but de réfléchir sur le documentaire animé. Un produit audiovisuel qui mélange documentaire et animation et qui est en train de redéfinir le rôle du design dans la production des nouveaux médias. Nous montrons que le documentaire animé rallume une série de débats et de réflexions sur la théorie du documentaire et de l animation concernant les conceptions du réalisme. Notre principale prémisse est que le documentaire s est toujours approprié de la technologie de manière à favoriser l expérimentation, et le documentaire animé en 3D est la façon dont il s approprie des technologies numériques. Pour prouver cette hypothèse, nous montrons comment s est déroulée l expérimentation de la technologie dans le documentaire dans de différentes époques, plus précisément durant les périodes du premier cinema, les avant-gardes et l école britannique −de 1900 à 1930, les années 1960 et 1990 (nouveaux médias). Ce qui nous intéresse c est d étudier la relation entre les moyens de production utilisés dans la réalisation du documentaire –que ce soit avec cette dénomination ou pas− et les manières de représentation et de styles résultant de la technologie de chaque période, que nous prétendons ébaucher brièvement. Le design est présent dans deux aspects: dans les moyens de production, par sa tradition liée au développement de technologies et d outils pour faciliter la production, et dans les manières de représentation, parce que les références esthétiques de l animation sont des arts graphiques (bandes dessinées, illustrations etc.). Ceci aussi explique, en partie, l absence de l animation dans la théorie du cinéma, un aspect que nous questionons, en montrant comment l animation est envisagée dans la théorie deleuzienne. Pour conclure, nous faisons une étude de cas d un documentaire animé emblématique, par son traitement de la technologie 3D. Ryan (2004), de Chris Landreth, résume le potentiel du documentaire animé tout en expérimentant avec la technologie, l intensité narrative et l esthétique non figurative, en singulière référence au peintre Francis Bacon.

Zugl.: Mannheim, University, Diss., 2006.