Med utgångspunkt i begreppet ”Art Worlds” diskuterar den här uppsatsen fanart och deltagandekultur som fenomen, och ser hur denna konstinriktning går att foga samman med andra konstvärldar. / Based on the theory of ”Art Worlds”, this thesis presents a discussion on the concepts of fanart and participatory culture, and seeks a way in which to merge the world of the fans with other art worlds.

<p>The main purpose of this essay is to study ideas concerning the concept of ”art” within the discourse of the exhibition space that is part of a fanart community. In order to do so I have used a hermeneutical and to some extent structuralistic, discourse analysis. I have examined structure and rhetorics in two established and popular communities, Fanart-Central and deviantART.</p><p>My conclusions states that personal ideas regarding artistic value are undermined the joint policies, because of a collective rhetoric somewhat inherent in the community structure.</p><p>When a lot of works are being based on internal knowledge of symbolics and historical narratives, this may to some extent have consequences where unfamiliar observers might fail to notice elements of possible significance. Moreover, certain interests in keeping a united front of “quality art” may also affect a general idea immediate to what signifies fanart. By means of for example categorization, censure, and quality control, specific standards of “good art” are framed and conceded within the communities. Trying to sustain specific criteria as emblematic for the entire genre like this seems highly restraining, and also contradicts the essentially liberal principals of fan culture.</p>

The main purpose of this essay is to study ideas concerning the concept of ”art” within the discourse of the exhibition space that is part of a fanart community. In order to do so I have used a hermeneutical and to some extent structuralistic, discourse analysis. I have examined structure and rhetorics in two established and popular communities, Fanart-Central and deviantART. My conclusions states that personal ideas regarding artistic value are undermined the joint policies, because of a collective rhetoric somewhat inherent in the community structure. When a lot of works are being based on internal knowledge of symbolics and historical narratives, this may to some extent have consequences where unfamiliar observers might fail to notice elements of possible significance. Moreover, certain interests in keeping a united front of “quality art” may also affect a general idea immediate to what signifies fanart. By means of for example categorization, censure, and quality control, specific standards of “good art” are framed and conceded within the communities. Trying to sustain specific criteria as emblematic for the entire genre like this seems highly restraining, and also contradicts the essentially liberal principals of fan culture.

Med frågeställnigarna: Hur uttrycks visual kei memes som visuell kultur? Hur möjliggör en ungdomskultur som visual kei olika former av identiteter? Så studeras visual kei memes med en netnografisk metod och som form för kommunikation på nätet. Detta görs av memes insamlade under perioden 20 september till den 26 oktober 2017. För undersöka hur de insamlade memearna används som kommunikationsmedel har jag följt en facebookgrupp, samt tre stycken sidor relaterade till visual kei på facebook. Memesen analyseras med diskursanalys med ett intertextuellt och intersektionellt perspektiv, med stöd från tidigare fanfiction forskning. För att resonera kring identitet används tidigare forskning kring ungdomars nätaktiviteter som stöd. Slutligen förs ett resonemang kring hur en didaktiskt kan arbeta med memes inom skolans bildundervisning. Som komplement undersöker den visuella gestaltningen #looli deltagarkultur på och utanför nätet. Denna gestaltning redovisades på www.facebook.com/hashtaglooli/ samt via utställning på Konstfack 8 till den 12 januari 2018. #looli höll även i ett samtal med besökare under utställningens vernissage som rörde sig om hur en kan arbeta med deltagarkultur inom bildämnet.

This study examines how fanart users perceive image-generating AIs and AI fanart. The study examines ideas of agency by looking at themes in TikTok comment sections and discourses in AI fanart users’ communication when asked about AI fanart. Findings from the study illustrated how fanart users are confused about artist agency and AI fanart’s authenticity. Their ideas and arguments are contradictory and confusing. AI fanart is ultimately perceived as more exploitative than empowering by fanart users, presumably due to both fanart users’ subject position and AIs being a new emerging technology. The discussion of the analyses underlines different ways a contemporary technology, such as AIs, can impact the production of contemporary society and culture both positively and negatively depending on the actors involved. The findings furthermore exemplify how agency can be both enabled and limited by various agents and structures in the AI and fanart community. The conclusive results show that fanart users are unclear and confused about AI agency and AI fanart authenticity, which is mirrored in society. AI fanart may have both an exploitative and empowering nature but just which of the two will be dominant remains unclear and changeable.

Det här examensarbetet skrevs vårterminen 2024 på Konstfacks institution för bild och slöjdpedagogik. Arbetets utgångspunkt är den visuella kulturen fanart och undersöker gymnasielärares uppfattningar om den samt hur de uppfattar fanart som potentiell metod i undervisningen. Data till studien samlades in genom intervjuer med lärarna. Empirin utifrån detta analyserades genom abduktiv tematisk analysmetod där teorier såsom konvergenskulturen och självbestämmandeteorin användes för att tolka resultaten, samt användes som ledstjärna i varför fanartskapande kan vara relevant som metod i undervisningen. Resultaten visade att lärarna ser elevers visuella kultur fanart som något som kan motivera, inspirera och ge möjlighet för utforskande. Lärarna ser många aspekter i fanartskapandet och deltagarkulturen som sker kring dessa som beskrivs i konvergenskulturen. Lärarna beskriver även att det finns tydliga kopplingar på att motivationen stiger om eleverna får möjlighet att välja till exempel vilken media de vill arbeta utifrån. De ser även vissa potentiella svårigheter att inkorporera det i undervisningen, främst gällande upphovsrätt och styrdokument från Skolverket. Arbetet kopplas även till begrepp som samhörighetsrum, deltagandekultur, folkkonst och folkkultur och komfortzon. Studien gestaltades även med en triptyk föreställande Sailor Moon och Chibi-Usa med inspiration från kristen religiös konst, för att exemplifiera hur fanart går att arbeta med i undervisning samt som en koppling till uttryckets ”fan”:s historiska betydelse.

This thesis deals with slash fanfiction and yaoi manga, disparate yet similar phenomena of fan culture. Yaoi manga as genre of Japanese comics created by women and dedicated to women , and slash fanfiction as women's reaction to pop culture generally made by male authors, are both genres dealing with a romantic relationship between two men characters. This relationship is portrayed as an innocent romantic story as well as a hardcore pornography. The autor aims to describe the terms and inctroduce some of the most influential approaches to research of the topic. Author is interested in the issue in the way of cultural and gender approach. Cultural perspective provides a summary of approaches of Frankfurt and Birmingham schools, clarifys point of view of Abercrombie and Longhurst and other authors on the current and future trends in development of audiences. Mapping the internet, important space for the fan communitiy, is also a part of this paper. Gender perspective provides a description of the points of view on the women's status in popular culture, explains the motivation of the readers/authors related to the issue of homosexuality, and describes opinions of different feminisms about pornography. Research among fangirls and fanboys or authors of slash fanfiction and yaoi manga is included.

This master's thesis will explore the ways in which the fictional and real world blends with detective stories readers. In the methodological part, the author will focus on theoretical problems associated with perception of cult literary works, readers' activity and further expansion of fictional worlds. The phenomena the author will explore are, for example, fan clubs, fan fiction, fan art, naming real entities according to fictional characters and places, and searching for fictional entities in the real world. The practical part of this thesis will be devoted to three detective stories authors - A. C. Doyle, A. Christie and M. Jennings, and their functioning as cultural phenomena both in the Czech and world context.

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