6 Abstract This essay's primary focus is on the phenomenon of "magic farce" within the works of Ferdinand Raimund and Johann Nepomuk Nestroy, its essence, main establishment conditions and its motifs on the background of the Viennese popular theater, the Biedermeier idyll and Vormärz. With respect to purpose of this essay, selected works of both authors are introduced and are afterwards the subject of analysis: Raimund's Der Barometermacher auf der Zauberinsel and Nestroys Der böse Geist Lumpazivagabundus oder das liederliche Kleeblatt, Freiheit in Krähwinkel and Höllenangst. The framework of the analysis is the historical and biographical context; notably the phenomenon of censorship and its impacts on artistic production of both Raimund and Nestroy. This essay also comprises important biographical aspects in relation to the transformation of the artistic approach of the authors in later years. Keywords Magic farce, farce, Besserungsstück, Viennese popular theater, Ferdinand Raimund, Johann Nepomuk Nestroy, Biedermeier and Viennese Vormärz

本論文凡分五章，約八萬字． 研究動機及方法：以一個外籍生的立場來看，我覺得中國古典文學最具偶特色的是「 一代有一代之文學」．依此而言元代的代表文學就是雜劇．在現存一百六十多種元雜 劇作品中，以依據歷史故事而編成的戲劇特別多．研究元代歷史劇可說是窺知整個元 雜劇的基礎．另外，筆者也一向對歷史故事和戲曲方面存有高度的興趣．這是促使筆 者以此為題撰寫論文的動機． 本論文綜合整理至今為止的有關歷史劇個別作品的研究論文，並加入個人的見解．首 先筆者修正從前學者普遍偏重研究曲文、曲律的傾向，而著眼於歷史劇作品本身具有 的各種主題思想，同時又重視作品情節和歷史人物塑造的特色，茲略述各章內容大要 如下： 首章：先論述歷史劇的定義．本論文所謂的歷史劇則是專以正史為依據，舉凡劇中主 要人物和關目必須有史可稽，以達到「史有其人，人有其事」的條件．其次再論述已 分類好的歷史劇三十一篇之劇目及版本． 二章：本論文所選評的歷史劇共三十一本，本章將先做簡單的敘錄．在每一本作品的 敘錄之後，附帶其歷史故事情節之來源及人物事件與史實之異同，以便以後的討論． 三章：敘述歷史劇的主題思想．文學作品與時代環境關係密不可分，尤以戲曲文學為 然．元人所寫的歷史劇不僅是搬演古人的故事，而且往往是借古鑑今，充滿著憤慨之 情，諷諭之意，把身受蒙古人壓迫的一股憤恨，盡情流瀉．換言之，這些歷史劇並不 是簡單的再現歷史，而是概括了作者對現實生活的體驗和感受．本章主傲考察每本歷 史劇作品□直間接表現的各種主題思想． 四章：敘述歷史劇本身具有的完學技巧．分別從情節布局、人物塑造技巧、歷史劇特 有的辭采諸方面來探討．

Design Analysis of the VCU Mainstage production process for The Nerd The comedic farce, The Nerd, written by Larry Shue and directed by Drew Fracher here at VCU, is the production I intend to analyze in terms of the scenic design process. From the initial conception of ideas, to their development through collaboration, to completion of construction, and ultimately, opening night, I plan to breakout my process step by step. I'd like to communicate the transformation of a literary play into the three-dimensional world in my mind.I. Introduction A. Overall description of process as it applies to this particular interaction with director and designers B. Each person involved in process and their specific roleII. Body A. Process breakdown B. Each insinuated step defined in a more concrete manner 1. play analysis by scenic designer 2. initial meeting with director to understand his/her interpretation and conceptual plans for play 3. research begins with previous steps in mind begins the collaborative effort 4. research presentation meeting with director 5. initial design ideas developed with input from director and interpreted into a floor plan or three-dimensional representation of the set 6. feedback from director 7. redesign or adjustments based on director's comments as well as functional and aesthetic developments 8. the build of the final design begins with the knowledge that contingencies remain that will create hopefully only small adjustments C. Although this breakdown may be somewhat matter of fact, the intricacies of the process I went through in designing the set for The Nerd will hopefully flush out the details into a more authentic realityIII. Conclusion A. My opinion of the process B. Personal feedback on the resulting design C. Positive experiences D. Negative experiences and how I would change them E. In the end, what I learned from the process and collaboration

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1987.

Critical studies on the comic drama of the seventeenth-century French playwright, Jean-Baptiste Poquelin de Moliere (1622-1673), center attention on biography, production, stylistics, and thematic development. Because of the diversity of themes, and because of the considerable productivity of this dramatist, the analyses of the style and substance of these comedies have often been focused on the use of themes or techniques employed in a single comedy or associated with one single sort of comedy. This thesis, "Farce, critique sociale, et ccm6die morale chez Moliere," proposes to deepen, in two ways, our appreciation of Moliere's combined use of themes and techniques that, in turn, create three sorts of comic modes. First, through a close reading of three of Moliere's major plays (Le medecin malgre lul, Les Precieuses ridicules, and Misanthrope), this thesis attempts to describe the techniques that develop and elucidate a particular comic focus, and thereby enhances our awareness of Moliere's recognition of the necessary relationship between theme and technique in the creation of comedy. The description of this use of comic techniques and the subsequent development of themes encourage classification of these representative plays into three sorts: farce, social comedy, and moral comedy. Such a classification thus expands the narrow perspective of criticism, and encourages a study of the necessary relationship between theme and technique and, perhaps, will suggest future study of the development of Moliere's comic artistry. / Department of Foreign Languages

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1987. / Also available in print.

The intent of this thesis is to investigate the prominence of audience ridicule in the French theatre from the medieval sottie to Ionescan Absurdism of the mid-twentieth century. Throughout the history of French drama, playwrights have exploited this tactic with either the purpose of invoking an emotional or intellectual response or inciting a social or political call to action. This exploration takes particular interest in shaming theatrical audiences during periods of political unrest, analyzing the ways in which playwrights employed language, studies of characters, and plot-related content to highlight the prevalent and pervasive ills of society and of humanity. The majority of the literature from the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries criticizes the aristocracy, the clergy, and the crown. As we approach revolutionary France, the theatre all but abandons intrigue in favor of the tears that flowed that from the ocean of English Sentimentalism. Melodrama and the well-made play adorned the early-nineteenth century, while the later part of the century brought French theatre Jarry’s pataphysics and his affinity for audience shaming that set the stage for the impending onslaught of twentieth-century ridicule. The avant-garde movement flourished at the beginning of the century with the Dadas and the Surrealists responding to humanity’s response to the War to End All Wars. When Ionesco arrived at the forefront of the French theatre mid-century, he employed the most effective audience ridicule tactics invented by his predecessors and created his Absurdist theatre. Ionesco writes: “take a circle, caress it, and it will turn vicious” (38). From the fifteenth century to the twentieth century, the cycle of audience ridicule was indeed vicious in a theatre that sought to effect positive change in a rapidly changing society.

Le théâtre dans la Grèce Antique a développé quatre genres dramatiques : la tragédie, la comédie, le drame satyrique et le mime. Le Mime est le genre comique qui naît en Grèce dorienne, se développe en Sicile et dont l’évolution se poursuit jusqu’à l’époque hellénistique. Bien qu’il constitue une part importante de l’art dramatique grec antique, il n’y a pas eu jusqu’à nos jours de recherche systématique sur ce type de théâtre. Cette étude a pour but d’explorer ce genre dramatique inconnu. Rechercher son origine, son évolution historique et ses rapports (similitudes et différences) avec les autres genres d’art dramatique, ainsi que ses principaux créateurs constituent les principaux objectifs de cette recherche / Theatre in Ancient Greece developed into four dramatic genres: tragedy, comedy, satyrical drama and mime. Mime is the comic genre which was born in Dorian Greece, developed in Sicily and which development continues until the Hellenistic period. Although it is an important part of the ancient Greece dramatic art, up to now there was no systematic research on this type of theatre. This study aims at exploring that unknown dramatic genre. Its main objectives is the search for its origins, historical evolution and relationship (similarities and differences) with the other genres of dramatic art, as well as for its major creators

published_or_final_version / Literary Studies / Master / Master of Arts

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.