Širdies ir kraujagyslių ligos, tame tarpe ir išeminės širdies ligos, laikomos pagrindine naujojo amžiaus sveikatos problema - tai ligos, kurių daugėja vykstant progresui ir kylant pragyvenimo lygiui. Darbe buvo nagrinėti vieni iš svarbiausių psichologinių IŠL rizikos veiksnių: nerimastingumas, pablogėjusi nuotaika ir tipo A elgsena, taip pat IŠL sergančiųjų sveikatai palankus elgesys, išskirtinį dėmesį skiriant IŠL sergančiųjų nerimastingumui ir pablogėjusiai nuotaikai bei jų kitimams stacionarinio gydymo metu. Šio Tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti išemine širdies liga sergančiųjų nerimastingumo ir pablogėjusios nuotaikos kitimus gydantis stacionare. Tyrime dalyvavo 178 28 – 74 metų (53,52 ± 9,03) respondentai. Iš jų 107 29 – 74 metų (53,91 ± 9,14) asmenys, sergantys IŠL ir 71 28 – 73 metų (52,94 ± 8,89) nesergantys IŠL (lyginamoji grupė). Pablogėjusiai nuotaikai ir nerimastingumui nustatyti naudota A.S. Zigmondo ir R.P.Snaitho ligoninės nerimo ir depresijos skalė (HAD – angl. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). Elgsenos aktyvumui (A tipui) nustatyti naudotas sutrumpintas D. Dženkinso klausimyno (Jenkins Activity Survey – JAS) variantas, kurį sudarė trylika klausimų bei Framinghamo 10 klausimų skalė tipo A elgsenai nustatyti. Besigydančių stacionare IŠL sergančių pacientų nerimastingumas ir pablogėjusi nuotaika sumažėja stacionarinio gydymo pabaigoje. Tačiau nerimastingumas sumažėjo vyrų, sergančių IŠL, grupėje, o pablogėjusi nuotaika sumažėjo moterų, sergančių IŠL, grupėje... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Heart and blood vessels diseases including ischemic heart diseases are considered a major issue of health care in the modern age as these are the diseases which are growing in numbers in the times of progress and increasing level of subsistence. The thesis explores some major psychological ischemic heart disease risk factors: anxiety, worsening mood and type A behaviour as well as health-favouring behaviour of ischemic heart disease patients, essentially concentrating upon ischemic heart disease patients’ anxiety and worsening mood and its alterations in the process of hospital treatment. The aim of this analysis is to explore alterations of ischemic heart disease patients’ anxiety and worsening mood at the time of hospital treatment. The analysis covered 178 individuals aged 28 to 74 (53.52±9.03) including 107 ischemic heart disease patients aged 29 to 74 (53.91±9.14) and 71 members of the control group aged 28 to 73 (52.94±8.89) who are not ischemic heart disease patients. In order to assess worsening mood and anxiety, A.S. Zigmond and R.P. Snaith’s Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was employed. The assessment of the activeness of behaviour was performed by the brief variant of Jenkins Activity Survey containing thirteen questions and 10 questions scale by Framingham for the identification of type A behaviour. Anxiety and worsening mood of ischemic heart disease patients treated in hospital improve in the final stages of hospital treatment. However, anxiety decreased... [to full text]

RhD polymorphism is an evolutionary enigma since the very discovery. Theoretically, the RhD- allele carriers should be eliminated through the negative selection against RhD positive children born to RhD negative mothers. The aim of this diploma thesis was to find out whether RhD positive heterozygous genotype is associated with the reduction of latent toxoplasmosis negative effects or even associated with improved psychomotor performances, memory or higher self-confidence, intuition and cognitive performances scores. Second of all, the aim of this thesis was to find out if RhD negative homozygotes exhibit worsened performances in the abovementioned characteristics and, consequently, see whether RhD polymorphism origin and maintenance could be achieved through the heterozygote advantage. General linear models that included listed variables, RhD genotypes and phenotypes, information about toxoplasma-infection status and age as a covariate were performed. Heterozygote Advantage hypothesis was supported in operational memory models and in case of women also in psychomotor performances models. On the other hand, models of short-term memory, self-confidence, intuition and cognitive performances scores did not support the formulated hypothesis. Keywords RhD polymorphism, selection favouring heterozygotes,...

Cette recherche vise à examiner les relations entre la perception que des membres du personnel enseignant ont des pratiques du leadership transformationnel de la direction d’école, du contexte scolaire et des conditions favorisant leur engagement à implanter le renouveau pédagogique dans leur école. Le schéma conceptuel et le questionnaire qui sous-tendent cette recherche sont une adaptation de ceux élaborés par Yu, Leithwood et Jantzi (2002). Le questionnaire a été complété par 31 membres du personnel enseignant de quatre écoles primaires montréalaises appartenant à des commissions scolaires anglophones et francophones. À partir de ces données, nous avons calculé des moyennes et nous avons comparé les écoles, à l’aide des tests Mann-Whitney, selon leur niveau d’implantation du renouveau pédagogique, leur niveau socioéconomique et la langue de la commission scolaire d’appartenance. De plus, pour compléter nos données quantitatives, nous avons repris quelques citations des entrevues faites auprès des directions de ces écoles que les professeurs du département d’Administration et fondements de l’éducation de l’Université de Montréal, qui font partie du Groupe de recherche sur l’éducation en milieux défavorisés (GRÉMD), ont effectuées dans le cadre d’une autre étude. Les comparaisons des écoles selon leur niveau d’implantation du renouveau pédagogique révèlent que le personnel enseignant des deux écoles en changement se distingue de celui des deux écoles peu engagées dans le changement sur un seul point majeur : il a évalué moins positivement le contexte scolaire, un résultat appuyé par les analyses non paramétriques. Il semble que, dans les écoles qui ont participé à notre étude, le fait de soutenir l’implantation du renouveau pédagogique serait associé à une évaluation plus faible du contexte scolaire ; la culture de l’école et l’environnement étant les conditions les plus touchées. Un autre résultat de cette recherche est le fait que les enseignantes de l’école favorisée ont évalué le contexte scolaire, notamment la culture, l’environnement et les stratégies pour le changement, moins positivement que les enseignantes des écoles défavorisées. Enfin, les comparaisons des écoles en fonction de la langue de la commission scolaire indiquent qu’il n’existe pas de différence significative dans les évaluations faites des trois variables, que les enseignantes travaillent dans une école appartenant à une commission scolaire anglophone ou francophone. Étant donné que l’échantillon d’enseignantes qui a participé à notre étude est modeste, les résultats de cette recherche ne peuvent pas être généralisés, cependant ils pourraient constituer une base pour des recherches ultérieures dans ce domaine. / This research aims at establishing the relationship between the manner in which members of the teaching staff perceive transformational leadership as practiced by their principals, the school context and the conditions favouring their own commitment to implement the pedagogical renewal in their schools. The conceptual model behind this research was drawn from the one developed by Yu, Leithwood and Jantzi (2002), as was the questionnaire used to collect the data. This questionnaire was completed by 31 teachers in four elementary Montreal schools affiliated either to the English-speaking or French-speaking school boards. Based on this data, averages were calculated then compared, by means of the Mann-Whitney tests, on the grounds of the different schools’ level of implementation of the pedagogical renewal, their socio-economic level and the language of the school board. In order to complement the quantitative data, some quotations were borrowed from interviews conducted with the principals of these schools by some professors of the Department of Educational Administration and Foundations of the Université de Montréal, as part of another study conducted by the Groupe de recherche sur l’éducation en milieux défavorisés (GRÉMD) (Research group on education in disadvantaged communities). Comparing the different schools according to the degree to which they have already implemented the educational renewal revealed that teachers belonging to the two schools undergoing change differed by one major point from those of the two schools where change was of less magnitude : their assessment of the school context was less positive, and this result was supported by the non-parametric analysis. Supporting the implementation of educational renewal in schools, at least as far as this study is concerned, appears to be associated with a lower evaluation of the school context, especially of the school culture and of the environment. Another result of this research was that teachers of the more privileged school assessed their school context, particularly with regards to school culture, environment and strategies for change, less positively than teachers of the disadvantaged schools. Finally, comparisons between the schools based on the language of the school board indicated no significant difference in the assessments of the three variables by the teachers of the English-speaking or the French-speaking school boards. Given the modest size of the sample of participating teachers, the results of this research can in no way be generalized. However, they might serve as basis for further research in the field.

Cette recherche vise à examiner les relations entre la perception que des membres du personnel enseignant ont des pratiques du leadership transformationnel de la direction d’école, du contexte scolaire et des conditions favorisant leur engagement à implanter le renouveau pédagogique dans leur école. Le schéma conceptuel et le questionnaire qui sous-tendent cette recherche sont une adaptation de ceux élaborés par Yu, Leithwood et Jantzi (2002). Le questionnaire a été complété par 31 membres du personnel enseignant de quatre écoles primaires montréalaises appartenant à des commissions scolaires anglophones et francophones. À partir de ces données, nous avons calculé des moyennes et nous avons comparé les écoles, à l’aide des tests Mann-Whitney, selon leur niveau d’implantation du renouveau pédagogique, leur niveau socioéconomique et la langue de la commission scolaire d’appartenance. De plus, pour compléter nos données quantitatives, nous avons repris quelques citations des entrevues faites auprès des directions de ces écoles que les professeurs du département d’Administration et fondements de l’éducation de l’Université de Montréal, qui font partie du Groupe de recherche sur l’éducation en milieux défavorisés (GRÉMD), ont effectuées dans le cadre d’une autre étude. Les comparaisons des écoles selon leur niveau d’implantation du renouveau pédagogique révèlent que le personnel enseignant des deux écoles en changement se distingue de celui des deux écoles peu engagées dans le changement sur un seul point majeur : il a évalué moins positivement le contexte scolaire, un résultat appuyé par les analyses non paramétriques. Il semble que, dans les écoles qui ont participé à notre étude, le fait de soutenir l’implantation du renouveau pédagogique serait associé à une évaluation plus faible du contexte scolaire ; la culture de l’école et l’environnement étant les conditions les plus touchées. Un autre résultat de cette recherche est le fait que les enseignantes de l’école favorisée ont évalué le contexte scolaire, notamment la culture, l’environnement et les stratégies pour le changement, moins positivement que les enseignantes des écoles défavorisées. Enfin, les comparaisons des écoles en fonction de la langue de la commission scolaire indiquent qu’il n’existe pas de différence significative dans les évaluations faites des trois variables, que les enseignantes travaillent dans une école appartenant à une commission scolaire anglophone ou francophone. Étant donné que l’échantillon d’enseignantes qui a participé à notre étude est modeste, les résultats de cette recherche ne peuvent pas être généralisés, cependant ils pourraient constituer une base pour des recherches ultérieures dans ce domaine. / This research aims at establishing the relationship between the manner in which members of the teaching staff perceive transformational leadership as practiced by their principals, the school context and the conditions favouring their own commitment to implement the pedagogical renewal in their schools. The conceptual model behind this research was drawn from the one developed by Yu, Leithwood and Jantzi (2002), as was the questionnaire used to collect the data. This questionnaire was completed by 31 teachers in four elementary Montreal schools affiliated either to the English-speaking or French-speaking school boards. Based on this data, averages were calculated then compared, by means of the Mann-Whitney tests, on the grounds of the different schools’ level of implementation of the pedagogical renewal, their socio-economic level and the language of the school board. In order to complement the quantitative data, some quotations were borrowed from interviews conducted with the principals of these schools by some professors of the Department of Educational Administration and Foundations of the Université de Montréal, as part of another study conducted by the Groupe de recherche sur l’éducation en milieux défavorisés (GRÉMD) (Research group on education in disadvantaged communities). Comparing the different schools according to the degree to which they have already implemented the educational renewal revealed that teachers belonging to the two schools undergoing change differed by one major point from those of the two schools where change was of less magnitude : their assessment of the school context was less positive, and this result was supported by the non-parametric analysis. Supporting the implementation of educational renewal in schools, at least as far as this study is concerned, appears to be associated with a lower evaluation of the school context, especially of the school culture and of the environment. Another result of this research was that teachers of the more privileged school assessed their school context, particularly with regards to school culture, environment and strategies for change, less positively than teachers of the disadvantaged schools. Finally, comparisons between the schools based on the language of the school board indicated no significant difference in the assessments of the three variables by the teachers of the English-speaking or the French-speaking school boards. Given the modest size of the sample of participating teachers, the results of this research can in no way be generalized. However, they might serve as basis for further research in the field.

La tesi si propone di indagare l’intertestualità dantesca nell’opera volgare di Matteo Maria Boiardo. Il fenomeno è già stato oggetto di studi – indirizzati soprattutto al poema cavalleresco, e in misura minore (specie negli ultimi anni) al canzoniere lirico – che si sono mossi però nell’alveo dell’impostazione strutturalista, con una considerazione della memoria poetica da un punto di vista formalista e tipologico. Questa corrente ha consentito sviluppi importanti negli studi filologici, ma porta a vedere il fatto letterario staccato dal suo contesto di riferimento. Se questo esito in Italia è stato arginato da una forte base storicista, va detto che gli studi sulle riprese poetiche hanno però vissuto una situazione particolare. Da una parte, infatti, lo strutturalismo fra anni ’60 e ’70 ha imposto anche in Italia, attraverso una serie di importanti lavori, il suo modo di trattare la questione, senza poi che il successivo approdo semiotico incidesse in maniera significativa. Dall’altra, la reazione di chi voleva agganciare il fenomeno al dato storico ha riportato il problema all’impostazione erudita della critica delle fonti, privilegiando la raccolta dati da mettere in relazione con le informazioni sulla storia della tradizione e della circolazione. L’obbiettivo di questa tesi è fare un passo avanti, nella convinzione che per lo studio di questi fenomeni di riuso sia la circolazione manoscritta che i dati testuali e formali vadano letti in una piena prospettiva semiotica: guardare ai fenomeni di tradizione e trasmissione testuale nell’ottica dei processi ricettivi, e considerare le scelte di memoria poetica come atti comunicativi, con un valore pragmatico. La ricerca ha l’intento di giungere ad una maggior comprensione del rapporto del dotto poeta umanistico con il modello dantesco, un’interpretazione più chiara delle strategie di riuso, determinate dal particolare modo di leggere la Commedia nel contesto specifico, e perciò attraverso un preciso filtro fra quelli disponibili al tempo. Accanto all’insieme di informazioni filologiche sulle attestazioni manoscritte nelle biblioteche del tempo, l’indagine qui condotta consente – anche da un punto di vista che potremmo definire attributivo – di indicare in Benvenuto da Imola l’esegeta di riferimento per Boiardo e il suo pubblico, proprio perché l’osservazione ravvicinata dei testi e dei loro legami fa emergere questa tradizione interpretativa come la più attiva nell’elaborazione boiardesca rivolta ai lettori. Il lavoro non ha preso le mosse da un afflato teorico, teso a riconcettualizzare l’intertestualità, ma da un intento di chiarificazione sui testi e alcuni loro aspetti che non sembravano però trovare una spiegazione soddisfacente all’interno del quadro metodologico diffuso. Il lavoro, allora, ha assunto poco alla volta anche una vena metodologica sorta dall’osservazione dei fenomeni in modo nuovo. E così, accanto all’indagine storico-letteraria, e in stretta relazione con essa, è stato possibile avanzare alcune proposte ermeneutiche sui meccanismi intertestuali in base alle dinamiche della comunicazione letteraria. E nelle pagine che seguono il percorso si articola attorno a nuclei diversi ma interconnessi: da una parte la riflessione generale a carattere semiotico sui fenomeni di memoria poetica, che vengono concettualizzati grazie agli apporti di discipline come la pragmatica; segue una ricognizione storica sulle modalità di lettura e ricezione del modello dantesco – e non solo – in base alla circolazione dei testi e dei loro apparati esegetici; si arriva poi al nucleo del lavoro con l’affondo diretto su opere e paratesti esegetici con le loro relazioni, che si instaurano all’interno del laboratorio d’autore e poi da lì arrivano al pubblico.