Les gènes impliquées dans la reproduction évoluent rapidement et sont très souvent soumis à sélection positive. L’objectif de ma thèse a été d’étudier l’évolution de certains de ces gènes, potentiellement impliqués dans le phénomène de spéciation via leur implication dans les barrières prézygotiques.Nos résultats montrent que pour le gène SAL1, impliqué dans la reconnaissance phéromonale chez le porc, trois acides aminés sous sélection positive participent à la liaison de la phéromone spécifique porcine. Nous avons également réalisé l’analyse évolutive des gènes prouvés expérimentalement comme ayant un rôle dans l’interaction spermatozoïde-ovocyte lors de la fécondation. Chacune des dix neuf espèces de vertébrés étudiées présente un profil évolutif particulier pour ces gènes, caractérisé par le gain et la perte de gènes, ainsi que la position des acides aminés sous sélection positive. L’évolution divergente de l’ensemble de ces gènes pourrait être impliquée dans la spéciation ou au moins dans le renforcement des barrières d’espèces.Enfin, le serveur web PhyleasProg a été conçu au cours de la thèse. Cet outil permet désormais aux scientifiques, peu aguerris aux méthodes d’analyses phylogénétiques, d’acquérir simplement et rapidement un grand nombre de résultats sur l’histoire évolutive de leurs gènes d’intérêts. / Genes involved in reproduction evolve rapidly and are often under positive selection. The objective of this work was to study the evolution of some of these genes, potentially involved in speciation, through their involvement in prezygotic barriers.Our results show that for the SAL1 gene, involved in pheromonal recognition in pig, three amino acids under positive selection participate in the specific binding of the pig pheromone. We also perform an evolutionary analysis of genes experimentally shown to be involved in the sperm-oocyte interaction during fertilization. Each of the nineteen species studied exhibit a particular pattern of evolution, characterized by gene gains and losses, as well as the position of amino acids under positive selection. The divergent evolution of all these genes could be involved in speciation or at least in the reinforcement of species barriers.Finally, the PhyleasProg web server was designed during the thesis. This tool permits to scientists with no experience in phylogenetic analyses to acquire a large number of results quickly and easily on the evolutionary history of their genes of interest.

?rea de concentra??o: Produ??o Vegetal. / Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-09-04T19:43:39Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) elis_marina_freitas.pdf: 2391958 bytes, checksum: c5d03ef3dfbd42a105df5aa8ac0a3b43 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-10-05T19:53:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) elis_marina_freitas.pdf: 2391958 bytes, checksum: c5d03ef3dfbd42a105df5aa8ac0a3b43 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-05T19:53:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) elis_marina_freitas.pdf: 2391958 bytes, checksum: c5d03ef3dfbd42a105df5aa8ac0a3b43 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Poucos trabalhos foram desenvolvidos para compreender a din?mica populacional de plantas daninhas em fun??o de diferentes sistemas de manejos de aduba??o no cultivo de esp?cies oler?colas. Diante do exposto, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as altera??es da comunidade de plantas daninhas em fun??o de diferentes sistemas de manejo de aduba??o do solo, por meio de an?lises fitossociol?gicas, nas culturas de alface e cenoura. Os estudos foram conduzidos no setor de Olericultura da UFVJM, no munic?pio de Diamantina, MG. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, com oito tratamentos e quatro repeti??es. Os tratamentos, referentes aos diferentes manejos de aduba??o, foram: Convencional; Com Plantas Daninhas; Sem Plantas Daninhas; Composto; Crotal?ria; Crotal?ria mais Composto; e Lab-Lab e Lab-Lab + Composto. Durante o ciclo das culturas cultivadas, alface e cenoura, foram coletadas mais de 3.000 esp?cimes de plantas daninhas, representadas por 25 esp?cies, distribu?das em 11 fam?lias, 88% dicotiled?neas e 22% monocotiled?neas. As fam?lias de plantas daninhas com maior ?ndice de valor de import?ncia (IVI) em todos os est?dios de coleta foram Asteraceae, Brassicaceae e Poaceae. J? as esp?cies com maiores representatividade na ?rea foram Eleusine indica, Cyperus rotundus L., Galinsoga parviflora, Richardia brasiliensis, Oxalis latif?lia, Cynodon dactylon e Conyza canadensis, destacando-se entre elas, com maior densidade de plantas, C. rotundus. Observou-se de acordo com as ?pocas de avalia??o fitossociol?gicas decr?scimo na densidade populacional de plantas daninhas ao longo do per?odo experimental. E apesar da grande diversidade de plantas daninhas no ecossistema, as diferentes formas de aduba??o com plantas de cobertura foram capazes de promover modifica??es na comunidade das plantas daninhas. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2018. / Few studies were developed to understand the population dynamics of weeds due to different systems of conduction and management of fertilization in the cultivation of oler?colas species. In view of the above, the objective of this study was to evaluate the changes of the weed community as a function of different fertilization management systems by phytosociological analyzes in lettuce and carrot crops. The studies were conducted in the Olericultura sector of the UFVJM, in the municipality of Diamantina, MG. The experimental design was a randomized block design, with four replications. Eight treatments were used to study the different management of fertilization: Conventional; With Weeds Without Weeds; Compound; Crotalaria; Crotalaria more Compound; Lab-Lab and Lab-Lab + Compound. During the crop cycle, more than 3,000 weed specimens, represented by 25 species, were collected in 11 families, 88% of which were dicotyledons and 22% were monocotyledons. The families with the highest value of importance (IVI) in all collection stages were Asteraceae, Brassicaceae and Poaceae. The most representative species in the area were: Eleusine indica, Cyperus rotundus, Galinsoga parviflora, Richardia brasiliensis, Oxalis latifolia, Cynodon dactylon and Conyza canadensis, with the highest density of C. rotundus plants. It was observed according to the phytosociological evaluation times decrease in weed population density throughout the experimental period. And although in ecosystems there was a great diversity of weeds, the cover plants were able to promote changes in the weed community.

Orientador: Francisco Jorge Cividanes / Banca: Antonio Carlos Busoli / Banca: José Maurício Simões Bento / Banca: Júlio César Galli / Banca: César Freire Carvalho / Resumo: Este foi conduzido no sul do estado da Bahia entre os anos de 2004 e 2007. Teve como objetivo determinar a taxa de fecundação de dendezeiros após a introdução de Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust . Avaliaram-se as relações das espécies E. kamerunicus e Elaeidobius subvittatus Faust através da: flutuação populacional, distribuição espacial, influência de fatores meteorológicos, comportamento com relação às inflorescências das plantas e capacidade de transportar grãos de pólen. A taxa de fecundação nos dendezeiros atingiu 79,4%, representando incremento de 19% quando comparado aos dendezeiros polinizados apenas por E. subvittatus. Plantios comerciais de dendezeiros nos municípios de Taperoá e Nazaré, mostraram taxas de fecundação de 76,8% e 78,0%, respectivamente. E. kamerunicus foi a espécie dominante nos plantios de dendezeiro de Una, BA. Com exceção do município de Itapebi, as populações de E. kamerunicus sobrepujaram as de E. subvittatus em todos os municípios com grandes maciços de dendezeiros subespontâneos. A distribuição das chuvas no sul da Bahia não alterou a atividade polinizadora de E. kamerunicus, permitindo ocorrer taxa constante de fecundação dos frutos. Houve aumento da densidade populacional de E. subvittatus com o incremento térmico no ambiente ocorrendo o oposto com E. kamerunicus. O número de espécimes de E. subvittatus visitando inflorescências femininas de dendezeiros e híbridos interespecíficos foi superior ao de E. kamerunicus entre 6:00 e 8:00 horas, porém E. kamerunicus foi mais numeroso que E. subvittatus entre 9:00 e 12:00 horas. Essas espécies apresentaram pouca atividade polinizadora nas inflorescências femininas entre 14:00 e 16:00 horas, mas E. subvittatus congregou-se nas inflorescências femininas de ambas variedades de plantas a partir de 16:00 horas. Ao anoitecer foi constatada a presença... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The study was conducted in south Bahia between 2004 and 2007 to determine the rate of fertilization of oil palm after the introduction of Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust in Southern Bahia. Relationships of the species E. kamerunicus and Elaeidobius subvittatus Faust were evaluated through population fluctuation, spatial distribution, influence of meteorological factors, behavior regarding the plant inflorescences and capability to collect and transport pollen grains. The data were analyzed utilizing correlation and variance analysis and test of means. The rate of fertilization in the oil palm trees reached 79.4%, representing an increase of 19% when compared to oil palm trees pollinated only by E. subvittatus. Commercial plantations of oil palm trees in Taperoá and Nazareth municipalities showed rates of fertilization of 76.8% and 78.0%, respectively. E. kamerunicus was the dominant species in the plantations of oil palm trees of Una, BA. With the exception of Itapebi municipality, the populations of E. kamerunicus overwhelmed the E. subvittatus in all municipalities with large plantations of sub-spontaneous oil palm trees. The rainfall distribution in south Bahia did not alter the pollination activity of E. kamerunicus, which permitted a constant rate of fruit fertilization. There was an increase in population density of E. subvittatus with environmental thermal increase, the opposite occurred with E. kamerunicus. The number of specimens of E. subvittatus visiting female inflorescences of oil palm trees and interspecific hybrids was higher than that of E. kamerunicus between 6:00 and 8:00 hours, however E. kamerunicus was more numerous than E. subvittatus between 9:00 and 12:00 hours. These species presented little pollination activity in female inflorescences between 14:00 and 16:00 hours, but E. subvittatus congregated in the female inflorescences of both oil palm varieties starting ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Submitted by LEONARDO CORREIA COSTA (leonardocorreia08@gmail.com) on 2018-08-07T15:06:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE DOUTORADO 2018 - Leonardo Correia Costa.pdf: 1095091 bytes, checksum: 4ee6da2628585688570e203a0c45b0fb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Neli Silvia Pereira null (nelisps@fcav.unesp.br) on 2018-08-08T16:40:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 costa_lc_dr_jabo.pdf: 1095091 bytes, checksum: 4ee6da2628585688570e203a0c45b0fb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T16:40:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 costa_lc_dr_jabo.pdf: 1095091 bytes, checksum: 4ee6da2628585688570e203a0c45b0fb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-06-15 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / RESUMO - O nitrogênio (N) e potássio (K) são os nutrientes mais requeridos pelo tomate para processamento, sendo o N mais associado com o crescimento e produtividade das culturas, e o K com o aumento da qualidade de frutos, mas a interação das doses destes nutrientes com o ambiente em tomate para processamento industrial ainda é incipiente. Objetivou-se avaliar doses de N (0, 60, 120 e 180 kg ha 1) e de K (0, 100, 200, 300 e 400 kg ha-1 K2O) sobre a produtividade, rendimento de polpa e qualidade dos frutos de tomate ‘Heinz 9553’ para processamento industrial e realizar a análise de crescimento aos 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84, 96, 112 e 126 dias após o transplantio (DAT) em função do N aplicado. O experimento foi realizado de abril a agosto de 2015, no município de Barretos, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. A fonte para o fornecimento de N foi a ureia e cloreto de potássio para K. A fertilização com 180 kg ha-1 N e de 400 kg ha-1 K2O proporcionou maior produtividade de frutos coloridos, vermelhos e total, e rendimento industrial de polpa de tomate. As doses de N e de K não afetaram os teores de betacaroteno e de licopeno. O teor de sólidos solúveis no tomate aumentou tanto com a fertilização nitrogenada quanto com a fertilização potássica. As doses altas de N e K diminuíram a firmeza dos frutos. O aumento de vitamina C do fruto respondeu em maior intensidade à adubação nitrogenada que a potássica. Com relação ao crescimento do tomateiro, a fertilização com 180 kg ha-1 N proporcionou maior área foliar, massa seca de folha, massa seca de parte área (folhas + hastes), massa seca de fruto, massa seca total, índice de área foliar, razão de área foliar e razão de massa de folha ao fim do ciclo. As menores taxa de crescimento relativo e área foliar específica foram verificadas com 180 kg ha-1. Para todas doses de N, a taxa de crescimento absoluto é pequena até 56 DAT e, posteriormente, as doses de N promoveram incremento diferenciado sobre o índice. / ABSTRACT - The nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) are the nutrients most required by the tomato for processing, N being more associated with crop growth and productivity, and K with increasing fruit quality, but the interaction of the doses of these nutrients with the environment in tomato for industrial processing is still incipient. The objective of this study was to evaluate N rates (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1) and K (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 kg ha-1 K2O) on yield, pulp yield and fruit quality of tomatoes 'Heinz 9553' for industrial processing and to perform the growth analysis at 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84, 96, 112 and 126 days after transplanting (DAT) as a function of N applied. The experiment was carried out from April to August 2015, in the city of Barretos, State of São Paulo, Brazil. The source for the supply of N was urea and potassium chloride for K. Fertilization with 180 kg ha-1 N and 400 kg ha-1 K2O provided higher productivity of red, whole and colored fruits and industrial yield of pulp of tomato. The doses of N and K did not affect the levels of beta-carotene and lycopene. The content of soluble solids in tomatoes increased with both nitrogen fertilization and potassium fertilization. High doses of N and K decreased fruit firmness. The increase of vitamin C of the fruit responded more intensely to nitrogen fertilization than potassium. In relation to tomato growth, fertilization with 180 kg ha-1 N provided a larger leaf area, leaf dry mass, shoot dry mass (leaves + stems), dry fruit mass, total dry mass, leaf area index, leaf area ratio and leaf mass ratio at the end of the cycle. The lowest relative growth rate and specific leaf area were verified with 180 kg ha-1. For all doses of N, the absolute growth rate is small up to 56 DAT and, subsequently, the N doses promoted a differential increase over the index.

Swedish forest takes up and stores 60 million tons of CO2 every year. Which is a great climate benefit. Fertilization of forest results in a growth increase beacuse of the added nutrients supplied to the trees. This leads to an increased amount of needles that can produce a higher photosynthesis. The purpose of this report has been to examine the possibility of growth increase of norway spruce (Picea abies) with frequency fertilization in young stands. Earlier studies have shown that this is an efficient way to increase the stemwood production. The study has one hypothes, the growth increase in frequency fertilized young stands results in a yearly growth increase of 10 m3 per hectare compared to unfertilized stands. The material of this study is prepared from assessments from trials in Tranemo and Toftaholm in southern Sweden. The results have been compared to data from earlier assessments in the trial stands. Tranemo and Toftaholm is fertilized six times since 2003. The fertilizer dose is optimized after a needle analysis before every fertilizing occasion. The results show that the volume, diameter, basal area and individual stem volume is higher in the fertilized areas than in the unfertilized areas for both Toftaholm and Tranemo. The growth increase at the fertilized areas has increased significant compared with the unfertilized areas. The growth increase at the fertilized areas is 24-25m3 per hectare and year. The growth increase at the unfertilized areas is about 15m3 per hectare and year. Fertilization of young stands results in a high growth and shortens the rotation period considerably, the trees reach higher dimensions in shorter time. This study indicates that the number of stems per hectare has an impact on the growth increase in fertilized stands.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-12T19:15:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoCG_DISSERT.pdf: 826968 bytes, checksum: 143724fa8354b2ef8087e730ddfef932 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-23 / The yield of Brazilian agricultural production in 2011 exceeded 68 billion reais and watermelon contributed with 0.5 % of this value (PAM 2011), but its potential is much higher than this, given that in many parts of Brazil people still cultivate open pollinated material in non irrigated land and, most times, the real nutritional needs of cultivars are unkonwn, as well as the portion of soil contribution to this nutrition, factors that contribute to low yield (20 t ha-1). Phosphorus, despite being one of the macronutrients less required by crops, is always used in large quantities, due to both its deficiency in Brazilian soils as its high degree of interaction with the soil. This work was accomplished in the period August to October 2012, aiming to evaluate the performance of two cultivars of watermelon in function of phosphorus doses in the conditions of Mossoró-RN. The experimental design was a randomized complete block in factorial 2 x 6 with four replications. Treatments consisted of six doses of phosphorus (0, 45, 90, 135, 180 and 225 kg ha-1 P2O5) and two cultivars of watermelon (Olympia and Top Gun). The cultivars differed with respect to the total and average commercial fruit weight, total soluble solids and shell thickness, and the Olympia topped the Top Gun for total and marketable fruit weight and average shell thickness, whereas the opposite occurred for total soluble solids. The phosphorus doses that resulted in the highest total number (1.97) and commercial (1.70) of fruits per plant were 77.22 and 54.75 kg ha-1 of P2O5, respectively. The maximum total yield (80.14 t ha-1) and maximum commercial (74.39 t ha-1) were obtained, respectively, with the doses of 54.3 and 49.4 kg ha-1 of P2O5. Phosphorus fertilization did not affect fruit quality. The cultivars showed differences in the foliar concentrations of all analyzed nutrients and phosphorus influenced the foliar concentrations of nitrogen, potassium, zinc and manganese / O rendimento da produção agrícola brasileira em 2011 superou os 68 bilhões de reais e a melancia contribuiu com 0,5% desse valor (PAM 2011), mas seu potencial é bem superior a este, haja vista que em muitas regiões do Brasil ainda se cultivam materiais de polinização aberta em regime de sequeiro e, na maioria das vezes, desconhecem-se as reais necessidades nutricionais das cultivares utilizadas, como também a parcela de contribuição do solo para esta nutrição, fatores que contribuem para uma baixa produtividade (20 t ha-1). O fósforo, embora seja um dos macronutrientes menos exigidos pelas culturas, é sempre utilizado em grandes quantidades, devido tanto à sua deficiência nos solos brasileiros como ao seu alto grau de interação com o solo. O trabalho foi realizado no período de agosto a outubro de 2012, com o objetivo de avaliar o desempenho de duas cultivares de melancia em função de doses de fósforo nas condições de Mossoró-RN. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos casualizados completos em esquema fatorial 6 x 2 com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de seis doses de fósforo (0, 45, 90, 135, 180 e 225 kg ha-1 de P2O5) e duas cultivares de melancia (Olímpia e Top Gun). As cultivares diferiram com relação à massa média total e comercial de frutos, sólidos solúveis totais e espessura de casca, de modo que a Olímpia superou a Top Gun para massa média total e comercial de frutos e espessura de casca, ocorrendo o inverso para sólidos solúveis totais. A dose de fósforo que proporcionou o maior número total (1,97) e comercial (1,70) de frutos por planta foi de 77,22 e 54,75 kg ha-1 de P2O5, respectivamente. A máxima produtividade total (80,14 t ha-1) e a máxima comercial (74,39 t ha-1) foram obtidas, respectivamente, com as doses de 54,3 e 49,4 kg ha-1 de P2O5. A adubação fosfatada não influenciou a qualidade dos frutos. As cultivares apresentaram diferenças quanto aos teores foliares de todos os nutrientes analisados e a adubação fosfatada teve influência nos teores foliares do nitrogênio, potássio, zinco e manganês

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-12T19:18:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoCG_DISSERT.pdf: 826968 bytes, checksum: 143724fa8354b2ef8087e730ddfef932 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-23 / The yield of Brazilian agricultural production in 2011 exceeded 68 billion reais and watermelon contributed with 0.5 % of this value (PAM 2011), but its potential is much higher than this, given that in many parts of Brazil people still cultivate open pollinated material in non irrigated land and, most times, the real nutritional needs of cultivars are unkonwn, as well as the portion of soil contribution to this nutrition, factors that contribute to low yield (20 t ha-1). Phosphorus, despite being one of the macronutrients less required by crops, is always used in large quantities, due to both its deficiency in Brazilian soils as its high degree of interaction with the soil. This work was accomplished in the period August to October 2012, aiming to evaluate the performance of two cultivars of watermelon in function of phosphorus doses in the conditions of Mossoró-RN. The experimental design was a randomized complete block in factorial 2 x 6 with four replications. Treatments consisted of six doses of phosphorus (0, 45, 90, 135, 180 and 225 kg ha-1 P2O5) and two cultivars of watermelon (Olympia and Top Gun). The cultivars differed with respect to the total and average commercial fruit weight, total soluble solids and shell thickness, and the Olympia topped the Top Gun for total and marketable fruit weight and average shell thickness, whereas the opposite occurred for total soluble solids. The phosphorus doses that resulted in the highest total number (1.97) and commercial (1.70) of fruits per plant were 77.22 and 54.75 kg ha-1 of P2O5, respectively. The maximum total yield (80.14 t ha-1) and maximum commercial (74.39 t ha-1) were obtained, respectively, with the doses of 54.3 and 49.4 kg ha-1 of P2O5. Phosphorus fertilization did not affect fruit quality. The cultivars showed differences in the foliar concentrations of all analyzed nutrients and phosphorus influenced the foliar concentrations of nitrogen, potassium, zinc and manganese / O rendimento da produção agrícola brasileira em 2011 superou os 68 bilhões de reais e a melancia contribuiu com 0,5% desse valor (PAM 2011), mas seu potencial é bem superior a este, haja vista que em muitas regiões do Brasil ainda se cultivam materiais de polinização aberta em regime de sequeiro e, na maioria das vezes, desconhecem-se as reais necessidades nutricionais das cultivares utilizadas, como também a parcela de contribuição do solo para esta nutrição, fatores que contribuem para uma baixa produtividade (20 t ha-1). O fósforo, embora seja um dos macronutrientes menos exigidos pelas culturas, é sempre utilizado em grandes quantidades, devido tanto à sua deficiência nos solos brasileiros como ao seu alto grau de interação com o solo. O trabalho foi realizado no período de agosto a outubro de 2012, com o objetivo de avaliar o desempenho de duas cultivares de melancia em função de doses de fósforo nas condições de Mossoró-RN. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos casualizados completos em esquema fatorial 6 x 2 com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de seis doses de fósforo (0, 45, 90, 135, 180 e 225 kg ha-1 de P2O5) e duas cultivares de melancia (Olímpia e Top Gun). As cultivares diferiram com relação à massa média total e comercial de frutos, sólidos solúveis totais e espessura de casca, de modo que a Olímpia superou a Top Gun para massa média total e comercial de frutos e espessura de casca, ocorrendo o inverso para sólidos solúveis totais. A dose de fósforo que proporcionou o maior número total (1,97) e comercial (1,70) de frutos por planta foi de 77,22 e 54,75 kg ha-1 de P2O5, respectivamente. A máxima produtividade total (80,14 t ha-1) e a máxima comercial (74,39 t ha-1) foram obtidas, respectivamente, com as doses de 54,3 e 49,4 kg ha-1 de P2O5. A adubação fosfatada não influenciou a qualidade dos frutos. As cultivares apresentaram diferenças quanto aos teores foliares de todos os nutrientes analisados e a adubação fosfatada teve influência nos teores foliares do nitrogênio, potássio, zinco e manganês

Submitted by Lara Oliveira (lara@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-08-15T23:01:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaISS_DISSERT.pdf: 9953876 bytes, checksum: db3c8d3aa844d2ff9ac00e3a1a272519 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-15T23:01:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaISS_DISSERT.pdf: 9953876 bytes, checksum: db3c8d3aa844d2ff9ac00e3a1a272519 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-10-01 / The cultivation of bananas in FAPIJA-Federation of Producers Project Jaguaribe-Tableland, located in the northeastern state in Apodi Plateau, municipality of Limoeiro North - CE has evolved its quality standard and technological level of irrigated banana. This region stands out as the varieties of banana Pacovan, Silver, Willans, Apple, Nine and Grand Terrinha, respectively, in greater amounts of planted areas throughout the municipality. However, factor in the management need more detailed research to optimize the use of water and fertilizer through the irrigation management and fertilization techniques and useful information economically viable for banana growers in the region on irrigated cultivation of banana. This work was encouraged in order to evaluate the influence of different irrigation levels and potassium levels in vegetative development, production and detect chemical effects on leaf and fruit, under irrigation with a flow rate of 2.3 L h-1 and pressure of 2.0 bar during the fourth cycle of cultivation of banana cv. Pacovan Tableland. Also consisted in identifying the efficiency of irrigation, diagnose the irrigation and the application of potassium which obtained the highest yield in production. The experiment was conducted for determining evapotranspiration by the direct method in the lysimeter drainage at the farm FRUTACOR the period, 20/03/2008 to 14/04/2009, located within the Irrigation District Jaguaribe - Tableland (DIJA), located in City of North Limoeiro the State of Ceará, whose geographical coordinates are 5o06'38 "south latitude, 37o52'21" longitude west of Greenwich and altitude of 143 m. The experiment was done in randomized blocks arranged at random with plots and 03 (three) repetitions. The treatments were combinations of 05 (five) irrigation (50% = L1, L2 = 75% L3= 100%, L4 = 125% and L5 = 150%) of crop evapotranspiration, 04 potassium (K1 = 0%, K2 = 60%, K3 = 140% and K4 = 200% K indicated by the analysis of soil (kg ha-1). The reference evapotranspiration was determined by the Penman-Monteith-FAO program REF ET with data collected between March 20, 2008 to 06th 2009 From meteorological station installed in the area of the farm FRUTACOR. The fertigation was assessed weekly by a Venturi type injector with a flow rate of 5 L min-1 who used fertilizers in irrigation water. The values of Kc average initial phase, intermediate and final were 0.87, 1.01 and 0.88 respectively. The dependent variables evaluated for the 1, 2, 3 and 4 production cycles of the culture of banana cv. Pacovan Apodi for interaction irrigation and potassium levels, the number of fruit in the bunch, the number of hands, the weight of the bunch center, the fruit diameter and length of the fruit differed significantly (prob. <0.01) Interaction in Lamina versus potassium. The best treatments for the variables identified NFC and the NP L4K4 in the PPC L5K4 in the DF and CF L3K2 the L5K4. Aspects of quality of bananas: Total Soluble Solids and Concentration of potassium in the fruit were not positively affected by the interaction treatments versus Lamina Potassium for the mean values of four cycles / O cultivo da banana cultivadas na FAPIJA – Federação das Associações do Projeto Irrigado Jaguaribe – Apodi, situa-se na região Nordeste do Estado, na chapada do Apodi, município de Limoeiro do Norte – CE tem evoluído seu padrão de qualidade e nível tecnológico dos cultivos irrigados da bananeira. Nesta região se destaca como as variedades de banana Pacovan, Prata, Willans, Maça, Grand Nine e Terrinha, respectivamente em maiores quantidades de áreas plantadas em todo o município. No entanto, no fator manejo necessitam de pesquisas mais precisas para otimização do uso da água e fertilizantes. Este trabalho tem o objetivo de avaliar os diferentes níveis de irrigação e doses de potássio na produção em quatro ciclos de cultivo e determinar a evapotranspiração em método direto através do lisímetro de drenagem, na Fazenda FRUTACOR, no período de 20/03/2008 a 14/04/2009, localizada dentro do Distrito de Irrigação Jaguaribe – Apodi (DIJA), situada no município de Limoeiro do Norte no Estado do Ceará, cujas coordenadas geográficas são 5o06’38” de latitude sul, 37o52’21” de longitude a oeste de Greenwich e altitude de 143 m. O delineamento experimental foi feito em blocos ao acaso com arranjo em parcelas subdivididas com 03 (três) repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram da combinação de 05 (cinco) lâminas de irrigação (L1 = 50%, L2 = 75%, L3 = 100%, L4 = 125% e L5 = 150%) da evapotranspiração da cultura, 04 doses de potássio (K1 = 0%, K2 = 60%, K3 = 140% e K4 = 200% do K indicado pela análise de solo, (kg ha-1). A evapotranspiração de referência foi determinada pela equação Penman- Monteith-FAO no programa REF ET com dados coletados no período de 20 de março de 2008 a 06 de janeiro de 2009 da estação meteorológica instalada na área de produção da fazenda FRUTACOR. As fertirrigações foram feitas semanalmente por um injetor tipo Venturi com vazão de 5 L min-1 que injetava os adubos na água de irrigação. A Fertirrigação alterou o Número de frutos por cacho, Número de pencas, Peso da Penca Central, Diâmetro do fruto e comprimento do fruto, no entanto, não influenciou as características do Peso do cacho, Número de Penca por Cacho, ºBrix e Potássio no fruto. As características diferenciam de um ciclo para outro, evidenciando uma mudança no padrão de produção. O manejo adequado na cultura da bananeira deve ser recomendado quando se avalia diferentes ciclos de produção. Dentre os fatores analisados a melhor combinação foi L3K2, a lâmina de irrigação é L3 (100% da ETc) e a adubação de potássio K2 ( 60 %) / 2017-08-15

Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-07-20T23:02:46Z No. of bitstreams: 2 aline_ferreira_rocha.pdf: 1616973 bytes, checksum: 4f7430eba72b699c77503dd777840bb2 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-07-28T17:52:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 aline_ferreira_rocha.pdf: 1616973 bytes, checksum: 4f7430eba72b699c77503dd777840bb2 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-28T17:52:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 aline_ferreira_rocha.pdf: 1616973 bytes, checksum: 4f7430eba72b699c77503dd777840bb2 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Aperam / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A sele??o de clones de Corymbia menos dependentes da aduba??o fosfatada e mais responsivos as ectomicorrizas poder? tornar o cultivo desta planta menos dependente deste insumo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de inoculantes de isolados de Pisolithus sp. na produ??o de mudas de clones de Corymbia pela miniestaquia, em condi??es de viveiro. Os clones de Corymbia AEC0007, AEC0022, AEC0043 e AEC0045 inoculados com os isolados de Pisolithus sp. C9C, C16 com a mistura dos dois isolados (MIX = C9C+C16), foram crescidos em substrato com redu??o da aduba??o fosfatada. Como controle, os mesmos clones, n?o inoculados, foram crescidos em substrato com (Controle) e sem (Comercial) redu??o da aduba??o fosfatada. A sobreviv?ncia das mudas nos clones AEC0007 e AEC0043 n?o foi influenciada pela inocula??o. Para os demais clones, as mudas inoculadas com C16 foram at? 75 % maiores que as mudas do Comercial. A inocula??o com MIX aumentou a altura das mudas do AEC0007, AEC0043 e AEC0045, todos em rela??o ?s mudas do Comercial e do Controle. O C16 aumentou o di?metro das mudas do AEC0007 e AEC0045 em at? 25 % em rela??o ?s do Comercial, e para os demais clones, a inocula??o n?o teve influ?ncia. As maiores porcentagens de coloniza??o foram observadas nas mudas do AEC0007, AEC0022 e AEC0043 inoculadas com C9C e com MIX. A inocula??o, em geral, aumentou a frequ?ncia de torr?es firmes e parcialmente enraizados e firmes e bem enraizados, exceto para o AEC0045. Os teores de P, N, K, Ca e Mg estavam abaixo do considerado ideal e os teores de Zn e Fe estavam acima da faixa adequada. Apenas os teores de Mn permaneceram dentro da faixa considerada adequada. As porcentagens de pontas colonizadas se correlacionaram positivamente com par?metros de crescimento e nutri??o nos clones AEC0007, AEC0022 e AEC0043, mas a quantidade de par?metros e a intensidade da correla??o foram dependentes do clone. A inocula??o com Pisolithus sp. aumenta a coloniza??o ectomicorr?zica e o crescimento de mudas Corymbia em viveiro comercial, mas isto ? dependente do clone e do isolado. Os inoculantes mais promissores foram MIX> C9C>C16, pois promoveram maiores crescimento, sobreviv?ncia, massa seca, coloniza??o e qualidade de torr?es das mudas de Corymbia. O clone AEC0043 foi o mais responsivo ? inocula??o por fungos ectomicorr?zicos, obtendo maiores benef?cios. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2016. / The selection of Corymbia clones less dependent on phosphate fertilization and more responsive to ectomycorrhizae may make the cultivation of this plant less dependent on this input. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of inoculants of Pisolithus sp. in the production of mini-cuttings of Corymbia clones, under nursery conditions. The Corymbia clones AEC0007, AEC0022, AEC0043 and AEC0045 inoculated with the isolates of Pisolithus sp. C9C, C16 with the mixture of the two isolates (MIX = C9C + C16) were grown on substrate with reduction of phosphate fertilization. As a control, the same uninoculated clones were grown on substrate with (Control) and without (Commercial) reduction of phosphate fertilization. The survival of the mini cuttings in clones AEC0007 and AEC0043 was not influenced by inoculation. The survival of the AEC0022 mini-cuttings inoculated with C16 was 75% greater than those from the commercial, but this effect was dependent on the isolate and the clone. The inoculation with the MIX increased the height of the mini-cuttings of AEC0007, AEC0043 and AEC0045, all in relation to the Commercial and Control mini-cuttings. The C16 increased the diameter of the AEC0007 and AEC0045 mini-cuttings by up to 25% compared to the Commercial ones and for the other clones inoculation it had no influence. The highest percentages of colonization were observed in the AEC0007, AEC0022 and AEC0043 mini-cuttings inoculated with C9C and MIX. The inoculation, in general, increased the frequencies of firm and partially rooted and firm and well rooted clods, except for AEC0045. The concentration of P, N, K, Ca and Mg were below the ideal level and the Zn and Fe concentration were above the appropriate range. Only Mn concentration remained within the range considered adequate. The percentages of colonized tips correlated positively with growth and nutrition parameters in clones AEC0007, AEC0022 and AEC0043, but the number of parameters and the intensity of the correlation was dependent on the clone. The inoculation with Pisolithus sp. increases ectomycorrhizal colonization and growth of Corymbia mini-cuttings in commercial nursery, but this is dependent on the clone and isolate. The most promising inoculants were MIX> C9C> C16, as they promoted greater growth, survival, dry mass, colonization and quality of clods of Corymbia mini-cuttings. Clone AEC0043 was the most responsive to inoculation of ectomycorrhizal fungi, obtaining greater benefits.

Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-05-22T20:56:29Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) barbara_maria_cruz_bento.pdf: 1640285 bytes, checksum: 25447d41b250514b826ff4b7ea8e2c53 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-22T20:56:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) barbara_maria_cruz_bento.pdf: 1640285 bytes, checksum: 25447d41b250514b826ff4b7ea8e2c53 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A alface (Lactuca sativa L.) ? sens?vel ?s condi??es clim?ticas, principalmente ? alta temperatura, modificando a sua arquitetura, peso, qualidade e, principalmente a produ??o. A a??o da temperatura do ar ? determinante nas mudan?as dos est?dios de desenvolvimento dos vegetais, interferindo tanto na emiss?o de folhas quanto na mudan?a dos est?dios fenol?gicos, al?m de provocar altera??es morfol?gicas e fisiol?gicas. A faixa de temperatura de 15 a 24 ?C ? considerada adequada ao desenvolvimento da alface, entretanto, quando cultivada em regi?es de temperatura e luminosidade elevadas, esta hortali?a pode deixar de desenvolver todo o seu potencial gen?tico. A aduba??o pode ser utilizada para incrementar a produtividade na cultura da alface. No entanto, os efeitos das condi??es clim?ticas juntamente com a aduba??o e suas influ?ncias no crescimento cultura requerem maior aprofundamento no estudo, pois, o ambiente de cultivo, juntamente com a aduba??o e o componente gen?tico da planta, s?o os grandes respons?veis pelas mudan?as no crescimento, flora??o e senesc?ncia. Assim, objetivou-se verificar o comportamento e padr?o de crescimento de plantas de alface cv. Regina sob diferentes temperaturas e estrat?gias de aduba??es. O estudo foi conduzido em sala de crescimento, em DIC com esquema fatorial 4x6, sendo: quatro temperaturas m?dias constantes para o cultivo da alface (12 ?C; 20 ?C; 23 ?C e 28 ?C) e seis aduba??es (controle, convencional mineral, Geofert - organomineral peletizado, Organomineral UFVJM, esterco de curral curtido e cama de codorna compostada). As plantas foram avaliadas quanto ao crescimento, p?s-colheita e perda de massa fresca em cada ciclo. Nas condi??es do experimento, os tratamentos cama de codorna, esterco de curral e organomineral Geofert promoveram maior crescimento ?s plantas de alface cv. Regina, sendo que essas estrat?gias de aduba??o podem permitir melhor desempenho produtivo das plantas at? mesmo em temperaturas de estresse. Os adubos org?nicos e Geofert s?o alternativas eficientes para o crescimento de plantas de alface cv. Regina e conferem ?s plantas menor perda de massa fresca, quando comparado ? aduba??o mineral convencional. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2017. / Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is sensitive to the climatic conditions, mainly to the high temperature, changing its architecture, weight, quality and mainly the production. The action of air temperature is determinant in the changes of the stages of development of the plants, interfering as much in the emission of leaves as in the change of the phenological stages, besides causing morphological and physiological alterations. The temperature ranges of 15 to 24 ? C is considered adequate for the development of lettuce, however, when cultivated in regions of high temperature and luminosity, may fail to develop its full genetic potential. Fertilization can be used to increase productivity in lettuce culture. However, the effects of climatic conditions together with fertilization and its influences on the growth of culture require further study, because the growth environment together with the fertilization and genetic component of the plant are responsible for the changes in growth, flowering and senescence. Thus, objective was to verify the behavior and growth pattern of lettuce cv. Regina under different temperatures and fertilization strategies. The study was conducted in a growth room adopting a completely randomized design (CRD) in 4x6 factorial scheme with four constant average temperatures for lettuce cultivation (12, 20, 23, and 28?C) and six fertilizations (control, conventional mineral, Geofert - pelletized organic mineral, organic mineral from UFVJM, corral manure and composted quail bed). The plants were evaluated for growth, postharvest and loss of fresh mass in each cycle. Under the conditions of the experiment, treatments composed of composted quail bed, corral manure and Geofert promoted higher growth to lettuce plants cv. Regina being that these strategies of fertilization can allow better productive performance of the plants even in temperatures of stress. Organic fertilizers and Geofert are efficient alternatives for the growth of lettuce plants cv. Regina and gives the plants less fresh weight loss when compared to conventional mineral fertilization.